JP4052770B2 - Separation device for synthetic resin laminate - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating a laminate in which a synthetic resin skin material such as an automobile interior material and a cushion material are joined together into a skin material and a cushion material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, there is a strong demand for the reuse of synthetic resin laminates made by joining a synthetic resin skin material and a synthetic resin cushion material used as interior materials for automobiles, etc. First, it is necessary to separate and separate the synthetic resin material laminate into a skin material and a cushion material.
[0003]
Therefore, the present applicant has proposed an apparatus for efficiently separating and separating a synthetic resin material laminate into a skin material and a cushion material in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-48247.
This device has an annular sieve member in the drum, a rotating plate disposed concentrically with the sieve member, and is fixed to the rotating plate and faces the inner peripheral surface of the sieve member with a certain gap. A rubbing member (grinding member) is arranged.
Then, as shown in FIG. 6, by rubbing the group of pieces of the synthetic resin material laminate put into the sieve member against the sieve member by the rubbing member, the sieve member is passed through while pulverizing the cushion material of each piece. The skin material and the cushion material are separated.
[0004]
In this apparatus, since the synthetic resin material laminate is rubbed against the sieve member by the rubbing member, frictional heat is generated, and when the cushioning material is, for example, polypropylene foam (PPF), gelation occurs at a relatively low temperature. Begins.
When the cushion material is gelled, not only is it difficult to separate it from the skin material, but also the resin is fused to the sieve member and the rubbing member.
[0005]
Therefore, in the above apparatus, a water discharge nozzle is provided on the side wall of the drum, and when the temperature in the drum becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the cooling water is sprayed into the drum, and excessive heat is generated by the latent heat accompanying the evaporation of the cooling water. The temperature rise is suppressed.
[0006]
The temperature rise in the drum varies depending on the amount of the synthetic resin laminate to be put in the drum. As shown in FIG. 7, in the case of 722 g / batch (drum capacity: 0.28 m ³ ), 237 shots (1 Since the shot reaches the PPF gelation temperature at the first shot), after that, cooling water is sprayed at regular intervals, and the amount of the synthetic resin laminate to be charged is doubled (1444 g). As shown in FIG. 8, the PPF gelation temperature is reached at the 14th shot, and cooling water must be sprayed at regular intervals thereafter.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in order to lower the temperature in the drum, when water is sprayed into the drum, the finely pulverized cushioning material sticks through the water, and the separated resin is once dried before the subsequent separation work. After this, it must be separated, which leads to a reduction in work efficiency.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the synthetic resin laminate laminate separating apparatus according to the present invention is a method in which a small piece of a synthetic resin laminate in which different kinds of resin materials are joined to each other is put into a drum and placed in a sieve member arranged in the drum. In the separation apparatus for a synthetic resin material laminate in which the other material is separated from one material constituting the synthetic resin material laminate by rotating the pulverizing member relatively, the drum has a horizontal axis. A circular cylinder, an end plate that closes the right end surface of the circular cylinder, and an end plate that closes the left end surface of the circular cylinder, and a jacket is formed on the outer surface of the end plate that closes one of the end plates. And provided with temperature gradient forming means for introducing cooling air into the jacket from the inlet formed in the jacket and cooling the one end plate to make the temperature different from that of the other end plate .
[0009]
When one side of the drum is cooled, it is easy to form a temperature gradient by cooling the side where the member such as the rotating plate is not close. Moreover, although both sides of the drum may be cooled, it is necessary to cool one side more strongly than the other side to provide a temperature gradient.
[0010]
According to the above configuration, since the material is cooled by the cooling air without spraying the cooling water, it is possible to prevent the cushion material once finely crushed from adhering to the water and becoming a large lump. In the case where the air conditioning equipment is not provided, condensation may occur in the drum due to cooling. However, in this case as well, since there is a temperature gradient, the generated condensation can be easily removed by evaporation.
[0011]
In order to cool one side wall of the drum, a part of the cooling air may be introduced into the drum without flowing along the outer surface of the one side wall of the drum. By doing in this way, the cooling effect of material increases and it becomes easy to isolate | separate a skin material and a cushion material.
[0012]
In addition, when cooling air is used as a direct cooling means in the drum, suction and pressure feeding can be considered as a method for guiding the cooling air into the drum, but the pressure feeding cools the synthetic resin material laminate to fragments. Since the wind is strong, the separation effect is higher than in the case of suction.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a synthetic resin material laminate separating apparatus and its accessory devices, FIG. 2 is a front view of the synthetic resin material laminate separating apparatus, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. BB direction sectional drawing of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is an expanded sectional view which shows the positional relationship of a sieve member and a grinding | pulverization member.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a first tank 100 and a second tank 200 are provided in the vicinity of the separation device 1, and the cushion material separated by the separation device 1 is connected to the discharge pipe 101, the blower 102, and the cyclone 103. The skin material fed into the first tank 100 through the separation device 1 is fed into the second tank 200 through the discharge pipe 201, the blower 202 and the cyclone 203. The discharge pipe 101 is formed by joining a discharge pipe 101 a connected to the upper part of the separation apparatus 1 and a discharge pipe 101 b connected to the lower part, and an opening of the discharge pipe 101 b connected to the lower part of the separation apparatus 1. Has been spread.
[0015]
The separating apparatus 1 is mounted on a machine base 2 with a cylindrical drum 3 having a horizontal axis and an electric motor 4 having a drive shaft parallel to the axis. The drum 3 includes a cylinder 5 and a cylinder. 5 includes an end plate 6 that closes the right end surface of the cylinder 5 and an end plate 7 that opens and closes the left end surface of the cylinder 5. The end plate 7 is removable.
[0016]
An annular sieving member 8 is attached to the inside of the drum 3 at an interval, and an annular separation chamber 9 is defined between the inside of the drum 3 and the outside of the sieving member 8. The discharge pipes 101a and 101b are opened.
[0017]
The sieve member 8 is constituted by a thin punching plate having a thickness of 1.2 mm, for example, and is fixed to the inside of the drum 3 via a frame body or a ring member. Further, the hole formed in the punching plate projects sharply toward the center of the drum, and has a shape that enhances the effect of scraping the cushion material from the skin material.
[0018]
One end of a horizontal rotating shaft 10 that is rotated by the electric motor 4 is hermetically inserted into the center of one end plate 6 of the drum 3, and the rotating plate 11 is at the end of the rotating shaft 10 facing the drum 3. Attached in the vicinity of the inner surface of the end plate 6, a plurality of rubbing members 12 (four in the illustrated example) arranged at equal intervals are bolted to the periphery of the rotating plate 11.
[0019]
Each rubbing member 12 is set to have the same width as the sieve member 8 or slightly shorter in the width direction, and has a certain gap with the sieve member 8, and the surface facing the sieve member 8 is a sieve member. 8 is formed on a surface that is parallel to the tangent line of the peripheral surface 8 or an inclined surface that is inclined upward in the rotation direction of the rotating plate 11.
[0020]
A shutter 13 is provided below the sieve member 8, and the discharge pipe 201 inserted in the discharge pipe 101 b is attached to the outlet of the shutter 13. By opening the shutter 13, the shutter 13 is disposed inside the sieve member 8. The accumulated skin material is sent into the discharge pipe 201.
[0021]
On the other hand, a hopper 14 for introducing a piece of synthetic resin laminate into the drum 3 is attached to the center of the end plate 7, and an annular jacket 15 is attached to the side surface of the end plate 7 so as to surround the hopper 14. It is done.
[0022]
An inlet 16 for cooling air (10 to 15 ° C.) is formed in the lower portion of the jacket 15, and the cooling air from the blower 17 is pumped into the jacket 15 through the pipe 18 and the inlet 16. Cooling air inlets 19 into the drum 3 are formed on a part of the end plate 7 surrounded by the jacket 15, that is, on the left and right of the mounting position of the hopper 14, and one of the cooling air pumped into the jacket 15 is formed. The section is supplied into the drum 3 through the introduction port 19.
[0023]
Further, a cooling air discharge port 20 is formed at the upper end portion of the jacket 15, and a part of the cooling air pressure-fed into the jacket 15 from the introduction port 16 enters the drum 3 through the introduction port 19 as described above. The remaining cooling air is supplied to the outside through the jacket 15 from the outlet 20. The cooling air cools only the outer surface of the end plate 7 until it is discharged from the discharge port 20, and creates a temperature nonuniform state in the drum 3.
In addition, a monitoring window 21 is provided on the upper portion of the end plate 7 so that the separation state can be confirmed through the monitoring window 21.
[0024]
The shape of the jacket 15 may be U-shaped instead of annular, and the upper two places of the U-shaped jacket may be used as exhaust ports, or the shape of the jacket 15 may be a simple box shape that penetrates the jacket. The hopper 14 may be connected to the central portion of the end plate 7. Furthermore, without providing a jacket, the hopper 14 may be joined in the middle of the cooling air introduction pipe, and this cooling air introduction pipe may be connected to the central portion of the end plate 7.
[0025]
Next, the operation of the separation device 1 will be described. First, in a state where the shutter 13 is closed, the electric motor 4 is operated to rotate the rotating plate 11 and simultaneously the blower 202 is operated. As the rotating plate 11 rotates, the rubbing member 12 fixed to the rotating plate 11 and the sieve member 8 fixed to the drum 3 rotate relative to each other with a certain gap.
[0026]
In this state, when a certain amount of resin laminate fragments are introduced into the drum 3 from the hopper 14, the resin laminate fragments that have entered the gap between the rubbing member 12 and the sieve member 8 fixed to the drum 3 are retained by the sieve member 8. The relatively brittle cushion material can be pulverized and peeled off from the skin material without almost pulverizing the skin material of the fragments of the resin laminate.
[0027]
Further, the rubbing member 12 has an edge formed at the front edge in the rotational direction of the surface facing the sieve member 8, and this edge gives an impact to the fragments of the resin laminate during the rotation of the rubbing member. The effect of crushing and peeling the cushion material can be enhanced.
[0028]
Further, the rotation of the rubbing member 12 also generates a rotating air flow in the drum 3, and the debris of the resin laminate is also rubbed against the sieve member 8 by this air flow, and the cushion material is crushed without almost crushing the skin material. And can be peeled off from the skin material.
[0029]
The cushion material powder thus pulverized and peeled passes through the sieve member 8 and is received in the separation chamber 9, and then sent to the first tank 100 via the discharge pipes 101a, 101b, 101, the blower 102 and the cyclone 103, Only the skin material remains inside the sieve member 8.
[0030]
If the cushion material does not fall into the first tank 100, it means that the cushion material has been separated from the skin material. If confirmed, the operation of the blower 102 is stopped and the shutter 13 is opened. The blower 203 is operated. Then, an airflow is generated from the drum 3 through the discharge pipe 201 to the cyclone 203, and the skin material remaining inside the sieve member 8 is sent to the second tank 200 by the airflow.
[0031]
In addition, since a large amount of skin material fragments collected in the second tank 200 often contain relatively large pieces of cushion material that could not pass through the sieve member 8, they are collected in the second tank 200. It is effective to increase the accuracy of the separation between the skin material and the cushion material by applying the above to a known wind power sorter.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the time (number of shots) and the temperature in the drum in the case of cold air pressure feed cooling (1444 g / batch). In the past, when the number of shots increased, the temperature in the drum suddenly increased and it was necessary to spray cooling water. However, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to spray cooling water. Thus, it is not necessary to provide a drying process, and the operation can be simplified.
[0033]
In addition, according to the present invention, even if a relatively large amount of the synthetic resin material laminate is added, the gelation temperature is not easily reached, so that the working efficiency is improved. To give specific numerical values, the recovery rate was improved by 30% compared to the conventional case.
[0034]
Furthermore, by forcibly cooling only one side surface of the drum, the skin material and the cushion material are easily separated, and the processing capacity is greatly improved. To give specific numerical values, it was possible to shorten 40% of the time for separating the same amount by single-sided cooling compared to cooling the whole.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a general view of a synthetic resin material laminate separating apparatus and its accessories. FIG. 2 is a front view of the synthetic resin material laminate separating apparatus. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the sieving member and the pulverizing member. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the separation process of the synthetic resin laminate. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the time (number of shots) in the case of (722 g / batch) and the temperature in the drum. FIG. 8 is the relationship between the time (number of shots) in the outside air cooling (1444 g / batch) and the temperature in the drum. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between time (number of shots) and drum internal temperature in the case of cold air pressure cooling (1444 g / batch).
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Separator, 2 ... Machine stand, 3 ... Drum, 4 ... Electric motor, 5 ... Circular cylinder, 6, 7 ... End plate, 8 ... Sieve member, 9 ... Separation chamber, 10 ... Rotating shaft, 11 ... Rotating plate , 12 ... Rubbing member, 13 ... Shutter, 14 ... Hopper, 15 ... Jacket, 16, 19 ... Cooling air inlet, 17 ... Cooling air blower, 18 ... Cooling air piping, 20 ... Discharge port, 21 ... Monitoring Window, 100 ... 1st tank, 101, 101a, 101b ... Discharge pipe, 102 ... Blower, 103 ... Cyclone, 200 ... 2nd tank, 201 ... Discharge pipe, 202 ... Blower, 203 ... Cyclone.

Claims (1)

While a small piece of a synthetic resin material laminate in which different kinds of resin materials are bonded to each other is put into the drum, and the grinding member is rotated relative to the sieve member arranged in the drum, the synthetic resin material laminate is configured. In the apparatus for separating a synthetic resin material laminate in which the other material is separated from the other material, the drum includes a cylinder having a horizontal axis, an end plate closing the right end surface of the cylinder, A jacket is provided on the outer surface of the end plate that closes one of the end plates, and cooling air is introduced into the jacket from an inlet formed in the jacket. An apparatus for separating a synthetic resin material laminate, comprising temperature gradient forming means for cooling the one end plate to make the temperature different from that of the other end plate .

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