JP4040946B2 - Tool headstock for machine tools - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tool spindle base for a machine tool including a tool spindle on which a turning tool such as a turning tool and a mill tool is exchangeably mounted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Opposite the work spindle with a spindle for gripping the workpiece, a tool spindle with a tool spindle for mounting a turning tool and a rotating tool interchangeably is installed, and workpieces with complicated shapes are machined with one chucking. Machine tools having the ability to do so have been put into practical use.
The tool shank hole that holds the tool shank of this type of tool spindle cleans the tool shank hole and the tool shank by air blow when changing the tool, thereby improving the accuracy of the tool clamp.
[0003]
The tool spindle is rotatably supported in the housing of the tool spindle table and is directly driven by a motor. Further, when the turning tool is mounted, it is necessary to clamp the tool spindle to counter the turning resistance, and it is necessary to provide a mechanism for this clamping.
[0004]
Therefore, a configuration in which air blow is performed on the tool shank hole of the tool spindle or the front surface of the tool spindle is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below according to the proposal of the present applicant.
Further, a configuration for improving the vibration damping performance when the tool spindle is clamped when the turning tool is mounted is disclosed in the following Patent Document 2 according to the proposal of the present applicant.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-277062 A [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2001-277001 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the groove for supplying air to the hole provided in the end surface of the tool spindle is between the tool spindle which is a rotating object and the tool spindle table which is a fixed object, there is a gap. It is difficult to reduce the gap because there is a risk of contact. As a result, a large amount of air flows out through the gap, wasting air, and the effect of preventing foreign matter such as chips from being caught is low.
In addition, since the turning tool is used in a stopped state, foreign matter such as chips accumulates on the flange portion and easily adheres to the end face of the tool spindle when changing the tool.
Further, since the seating surface of the tool is wide, there is a problem that a foreign matter such as chips is likely to adhere and the effect of removal by air is low.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a tool head stock for a machine tool that solves the above-described problems.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The tool spindle of the machine tool according to the present invention includes, as a basic means, a workpiece spindle that includes a workpiece spindle that holds a workpiece and rotates or stops, and a workpiece spindle that faces the workpiece spindle. A tool spindle having a tool spindle that is mounted in a replaceable manner so that the rotating tool can be exchanged, and a tool spindle that is rotatably or statically supported in a housing of the tool spindle table, and the tool spindle during turning A piston that clamps against the housing; a ring-shaped damping member that is disposed on an outer periphery of the tool spindle and is coupled to the piston; and a first air that injects air into a tool shank hole of the tool spindle A supply path and a second air supply path for injecting air to the tool seating surface on the front surface of the tool spindle, and the tool seating surface is maintained at equiangular intervals in the radial direction at the same angular interval. Assuming that it is a tool spindle base of a machine tool formed on the front surface of a convex portion protruding from the front surface of the shaft, when the shank portion of the tool is fitted into the tool shank hole of the tool spindle, so as to cover the shank portion proximal end side exposed portion flange portion back face of the tool is generated in the flange portion back face side of the tool by abutting the tool seating surface of the convex portion, the flange portion outer periphery and the plurality of the tool A ring cover that is fitted around the outer periphery of each of the convex portions and prevents chips from adhering to the end of the tool spindle is fixed to the front end of the tool spindle.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the tool head stock of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. The upper part from the center line shows the state of turning and tool unclamping, and the lower part from the center line shows the state of milling and tool clamping.
[0009]
In the tool spindle stock 100, a tool spindle 110 is supported in a housing 102 via a bearing 120 so as to be rotatable or stationary. The distal end of the tool spindle 110, the tool shank bore 112 Yes formed, the tool _{T 1} having a shank portion 113 and the flange portion 115 is mounted to be freely exchanged.
A draw bar 130 is inserted into the axial center of the tool spindle 110 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. A spring 140 is disposed on the outer periphery of the draw bar 130, and always urges the draw bar 130 toward the tool clamp side.
[0010]
The draw bar 130 has a recess 132 that receives a tool clamping ball 160. The clamp member 150 fitted to the outer periphery of the draw bar 130 has a radial hole 152 into which the ball 160 is inserted. When the draw bar 130 is pulled into the clamping position by the spring 140, ball 160 is pushed radially outward from the recess 132 of the drawbar 130, together with the engaged to the groove of the tool _{T 1,} the tool spindle and the tool _{T 1} Retract towards the 110 tool shank holes 112 to achieve tool clamping.
[0011]
The tool head stock 100 includes a hydraulic mechanism (not shown) and pushes the draw bar 130 against the spring 140 to unclamp the tool.
A cylinder chamber 210 is provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle table housing 102 near the tool shank hole of the tool spindle 110, and the piston 200 is slidably provided. Coupling teeth 202 are formed on the side surface of the piston 200.
[0012]
On the other hand, the inner end of the cylinder chamber 210 of the housing 102, a ring-shaped fixing the coupling member 180 is secured to more housing 102 to bolt. The fixing coupling member 180 has a tooth portion 182 that faces the tooth portion 202 of the piston 200.
The outer periphery of the tool spindle 110 via a pin, the coupling member 170 of the tool spindle side is fixed. The coupling member 170 on the tool spindle 110 side is a ring-shaped member disposed inside the fixing coupling member, and has a tooth portion 172 facing the tooth portion 202 of the piston 200.
[0013]
At the time of milling, the tool spindle clamping piston 200 is in the position shown in the figure, and the coupling tooth portion 202 is engaged with the fixing coupling member 180 and the tooth portion of the coupling member 170 on the tool spindle side. Not done.
In this state, the tool spindle 110 is installed in a tool shank hole 112 with a rotating tool such as a mill tool, and the tool spindle 110 is directly driven by a motor ( not shown) installed in the housing to be necessary for the workpiece. Milling can be performed.
[0014]
A ring-shaped damping member 230 is connected to the piston 200 via a connecting bolt. The damping member 230 is connected to the clamping piston 200 so as to be freely movable.
Three ring grooves are provided at positions facing the inner diameter portion of the vibration damping member 230 of the tool spindle 110. Two ring grooves are also formed in the inner diameter portion of the damping member 230. The shallow ring groove formed in the vibration damping member 230 faces a crest that separates the two ring grooves of the tool spindle 110 during milling, and a radial direction between the vibration damping member 230 and the tool spindle 110 is provided. Clearance is secured.
[0015]
Due to the presence of this clearance, the tool spindle 110 that rotates during milling does not interfere with the vibration damping member 230.
At this time, the ring groove and the crest at the outer diameter portion of the tool spindle 110 and the ring groove and the crest at the inner diameter portion of the damping member 230 form a labyrinth structure and supply low-pressure air, Prevents intrusion into the bearing.
[0016]
At the time of turning, the clamping piston 200 moves to the right side in the drawing, and its tooth portion 202 meshes with the tooth portion 182 of the coupling member 180 for fixing and the tooth portion 172 of the coupling member 170 on the tool spindle side.
With this action, the rotational movement of the tool spindle 110 is restrained by the fixing coupling member 180.
[0017]
Since the fixing coupling member 180 is fixed to the main body housing 205 of the tool spindle stock, the tool spindle 110 is securely clamped.
As the clamping piston 200 moves, the damping member 230 also moves together. By this movement, the crests on both sides of the shallow ring groove formed in the inner diameter part of the damping member 230 face the crests of the tool spindle 110 facing each other, and the clearance between them becomes a very small dimension.
[0018]
Therefore, when the turning tool is mounted on the tool spindle and heavy cutting is performed, the tool spindle receives the cutting resistance and the chatter is generated by the vibration damping member 230 even when the so-called chattering occurs. 110 chatter vibration is suppressed.
[0019]
A pipe member 620 is inserted into the inner diameter portion of the draw bar 130 inserted into the center portion of the tool spindle 110, and the first air supply path 400 is formed between the outer shape portion of the pipe member 620 and the inner diameter portion of the draw bar 130. It is formed.
[0020]
The first air supply path 400 communicates with the air supply path via the control valve 402a.
An air reservoir 410 is formed at the tip end of the tool spindle of the first air supply path 400 and communicates with the tool shank hole 112 of the tool spindle 110 through a plurality of oblique holes 420 formed in the clamp member 150.
When the tool is unclamped and removed from the tool spindle, air blow is performed to clean the tool shank hole 112.
[0021]
Next, the tool head stock is provided with a second air supply path 450, which communicates with the air supply path via the control valve 402b.
The other end of the second air supply path 450 is connected to a radial passage 460 provided in the face plate 300 attached to the front surface of the tool head stock. The passage 460 communicates with a nozzle 480 formed at the center of the tool seating surface 114 provided on the front surface of the main shaft 110 via a passage 470 provided in the vibration damping member 230 and performs air injection.
[0022]
The tool seating surface 114 is formed on a plurality of convex portions 500 projecting from the front end surface A of the tool spindle 110 at equal radial intervals at equal radial positions in the radial direction. In this embodiment, FIG. As shown in FIG . 6, six convex portions 500 on which the tool seating surface 114 is formed are provided at equiangular positions at regular angular intervals of 60 ° . When the shank portion 113 of the tool _{T 1} fitted attached to the tool shank bore 112 of the tool spindle 110, but the rear surface B of the flange portion 115 of the tool _{T 1} is in contact with the tool seating surface 114 of the protrusion 500, this protrusion 500 since the tool seating surface 114 of is projected forward from the front end face a of the tool spindle 110, in the portion between the two protrusions 500 next phase, the flange portion of the front end surface a and the tool T ₁ of the tool spindle 110 115, a gap δ is formed between the back surface B and the front end surface A of the tool spindle 110 as shown in FIG. 4 which is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. and a back surface B of the flange portion 115 of the tool T _1, each portion such as the outer peripheral surface C of the shank portion 113 proximal of the tool T ₁ is made to be exposed to the outside through the gap [delta], switching to these exposed portions That powder adheres It made. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1 which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. 2, when the shank portion 113 of the tool T ₁ is fitted into the tool shank hole 112 of the tool spindle 110, the tool T ₁ tool fitted over the outer circumference of the plurality of convex portions 500 in the outer periphery and the tool spindle 110 front end surface of the flange portion 115 of the tool T ₁ so as to cover the exposed portions of the shank portion 113 proximal generated on the back side of the flange portion 115 A ring cover 320 for preventing chips from adhering to the end of the main spindle 110 is fixed to the front end portion of the tool main spindle 110, and in this way, the invasion of chips to the front end portion of the tool main spindle 110 is prevented. The structure is adopted.
[0023]
A pipe member 620 is inserted into the center portion of the draw bar 130 provided in the tool spindle 110 to form a through coolant passage 630. Coolant through the through coolant passage 630 is supplied to the tip of the tool T _1.
On the other hand, a coolant nozzle 600 is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the face plate 300, and coolant is supplied through the passage 610. The coolant W ₁ is sprayed from the nozzle 600 and the chips are cleaned.
[0024]
FIG. 3 shows an outline of the air supply circuit and the coolant supply circuit.
An air supply path 400 that blows air into the shank hole of the tool spindle and an air supply path 450 that blows air on the tip surface of the tool spindle are controlled by a control valve 402.
Further, the coolant passage 620 for through coolant and the coolant passage 610 to the coolant nozzle 600 for cleaning the vicinity of the face plate are controlled by control valves 602 and 604.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, waste of air is prevented, more air can be supplied to the end face of the main shaft, and the effect of preventing foreign matter such as chips from being caught is enhanced. In particular, based on the specific configuration of the ring cover provided by fixing to the front end of the tool spindle, foreign matters such as chips to the tool spindle front site infiltration, prevented from adhering foreign matter such as chips There is a remarkable effect that the probability of adhesion is lowered and the removal function by air is further enhanced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 2 showing a state in which a ring cover is attached to a tool spindle front end face of a tool spindle stock according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a supply circuit diagram of air and coolant.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line YY in FIG. 2 showing a state in which the ring cover is removed from the tool spindle front end surface of the tool spindle stock of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Tool head stock 102 Housing 110 Tool spindle 112 Tool shank hole 114 Tool seating surface 300 Face plate 320 Ring cover 400 1st air supply path 450 2nd air supply path

Claims (1)

A work spindle that includes a work spindle that grips and rotates or stops, and a work spindle that is disposed opposite to the work spindle and that rests or rotates by mounting a turning tool or a rotary tool in a replaceable manner. A tool spindle, a tool spindle that is rotatably or statically supported in the housing of the tool spindle, a piston that clamps the tool spindle against the housing during turning, and an outer periphery of the tool spindle. A ring-shaped damping member connected to the piston, a first air supply path for injecting air into a tool shank hole of the tool spindle, and injecting air to a tool seating surface in front of the tool spindle The tool seating surface is formed on the front surface of a plurality of convex portions projecting from the front end surface of the tool spindle while maintaining an equiangular interval at a radially equal radius position. In the tool spindle stock of that machine tool,
The shank portion of the tool when it is fitted attached to the tool shank bore of the tool spindle, said shank occurring on the flange portion back face side of the tool by the flange back surface of the tool contacts the tool seating surface of the convex portion A ring cover that is fitted on the outer periphery of the flange portion of the tool and the outer periphery of the plurality of convex portions so as to cover the exposed portion of the base end of the tool, and prevents adhesion of chips to the tool spindle end. A tool head stock of a machine tool characterized by being fixedly provided at a front end portion.

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