JP4040889B2 - Deodorizing filter and method for producing deodorizing filter material - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a deodorizing filter mounted on an air purifier, a ventilation device, etc., and a method for producing a filter material constituting the deodorizing filter, and in particular, quickly removes human body odor, toilet odor, pet odor, rot odor, etc. The present invention relates to a deodorizing filter and a method for producing a deodorizing filter material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, pollution due to odor components of indoor air has become a problem as the heat insulation and high airtightness of living spaces progress in order to enhance the heating and cooling effect. As a method for reducing the odor component of indoor air, a method of ventilating by introducing fresh outside air using a ventilation device or a method of removing an odor component of indoor air using an air purifier has been adopted. . In addition to the deodorizing effect, ventilation has the effect of exhausting carbon dioxide generated by residents and replenishing oxygen, and the use of ventilation equipment and an air purifier together is effective for maintaining the indoor air environment. is there.
[0003]
Deodorizing methods installed in air conditioners such as air purifiers and ventilation equipment and put into practical use include an impregnated activated carbon method, an ozone deodorizing method, and a photocatalytic method. The impregnated activated carbon method is a method in which a deodorizing filter based on the impregnated activated carbon is installed in the air passage, and the odorous component in the airflow passing through the air passage is quickly chemisorbed and removed, and the effect is high. In the ozone deodorization method, ozone is generated by an ozone generator installed in the air passage, and deodorization is performed by oxidative decomposition of odor components in the airflow. In the photocatalytic method, fine particles of titanium oxide are irradiated with ultraviolet rays to generate active molecules, which are deodorized by chemically reacting the active molecules with odor components in the air stream. In the ozone deodorization method and the photocatalyst method, the chemical reaction rate is slower than the chemical adsorption rate, so the deodorizing effect is less effective.
[0004]
The main odors that pollute indoor air are human body odors, toilet odors, pet odors, spoiled odors, etc., and their main components are hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia generated when organic substances are decomposed by microorganisms. It is. Copper ion-impregnated activated carbon impregnated with copper ions has been developed as an impregnated activated carbon having high deodorizing effect for these odor components. For example, JP-A-5-7615 discloses a deodorizing material in which copper ions are added to fibrous activated carbon, and JP-A-9-47500 discloses a deodorizing filter in which copper ions are added to zeolite and activated carbon. Each is shown.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A deodorizing filter mounted on an air purifier or an air conditioner is required to have a high odor component removal efficiency and a long life. The concentrations of odorous components such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia generated in the room are different, hydrogen sulfide is at a level of -10 PPb, and methyl mercaptan is at a very low level of -1 PPb. On the other hand, ammonia has a very high concentration of 100 PPb to 1000 PPb. The conventional deodorizing function by activated carbon impregnated with copper ions impregnated has a problem that it has a long life for dilute hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, but a short life for high-concentration ammonia. .
[0006]
The present invention has been made in order to solve such conventional problems, and the problem is that it is excellent in deodorizing performance of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia, and also for high concentration ammonia. Developed a method for producing deodorizing filter materials that have a long deodorizing function life, and that have excellent deodorizing performance for hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia, and have a long deodorizing function life even for high-concentration ammonia. It is to be.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 is to form a honeycomb-structured ventilation structure based on a paper obtained by mixing cellulose fibers or synthetic fibers and particulate activated carbon, and the ventilation structure includes copper ions. A means for sequentially applying phosphoric acid after the chemical treatment containing the chemical solution is employed.
[0008]
The invention of claim 2 in order to achieve the object described above is a particulate activated carbon constituting the vent structure in carrying substrate urethane foam, phosphorus and the vent structure, a chemical solution containing copper ions after the impregnation process A means for sequentially adding acid is employed.
[0011]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a chemical solution containing copper ions is applied to a honeycomb structured ventilation structure based on a paper obtained by mixing cellulose fibers or synthetic fibers and fine activated carbon. A means for sequentially adding phosphoric acid is employed.
[0013]
In order to achieve the above object, a fourth aspect of the present invention is that a ventilation structure is constituted by a base material in which particulate activated carbon is supported on urethane foam, and the ventilation structure is subjected to phosphorus treatment after a chemical solution containing copper ions is added thereto. A means for sequentially adding acid is employed.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
The present embodiment relates to a deodorizing filter mounted on an air conditioner such as an air cleaner or a ventilator. This deodorizing filter is composed of a ventilation structure formed into a honeycomb structure using a paper obtained by mixing cellulose fibers or synthetic fibers and fine activated carbon as a base material, and a frame body surrounding the ventilation structure. A large number of parallel ventilation paths are formed in the ventilation structure. The base material of the ventilation structure is a thin paper obtained by mixing 50 to 80% of fine activated carbon with cellulose fibers or synthetic fibers. The paper is corrugated and laminated to form a honeycomb structure with little pressure loss. The base material is subjected to a chemical adhering process at the paper stage or the ventilation structure stage, and is in a functional state as a deodorizing filter material.
[0015]
In the chemical adhering treatment, composite adhering is performed using an aqueous solution containing copper ions and an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid. First, a paper-stage substrate or ventilation structure is immersed in an aqueous solution of copper ions, and then dried. Thereafter, the chemical solution adhering process is completed through a step of immersing again in an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid to successively add phosphoric acid in a complex manner and then drying. Copper ions adhering to the base material chemisorb hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and ammonia to achieve an excellent deodorizing function. Ammonia is chemisorbed by the phosphoric acid added, and copper ions and phosphoric acid synergize to chemisorb ammonia, so that it becomes a deodorizing filter with a long life even for extremely high concentrations of ammonia.
[0016]
When the base material is immersed in an aqueous solution containing copper ions and phosphoric acid in the chemical addition process, only phosphoric acid is preferentially attached and almost no copper ions are added, so the deodorizing function against hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan is reduced. Resulting in. As chemical substances to be combined with copper ions in order to deodorize ammonia, inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid and organic acids such as oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid and carboxylic acid can be used. The acid exhibits the best deodorizing function for ammonia. It is possible to perform the chemical adhering treatment more efficiently when the air-flowing structure is combined and the composite attachment is performed than when the copper ions and phosphoric acid are combined and added at the paper stage.
[0017]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
In this embodiment, the base material of the deodorizing filter shown in Embodiment 1 is composed of a sheet material in which particulate activated carbon is supported on a low-cost non-woven fabric, and the base material is processed into a pleated shape, whereby a ventilation structure And the ventilation structure is fitted into a frame. A base material having a good sheet formability is obtained by supporting 40 to 60% of fine particle activated carbon on a nonwoven fabric. In the base material stage or the ventilation structure stage, copper ions and phosphoric acid are compositely attached in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and a functional state as a deodorizing filter material is obtained.
[0018]
By adopting this configuration, the copper ions attached to the base material chemically adsorb hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and ammonia, and perform an excellent deodorizing function. Ammonia is chemisorbed by the phosphoric acid added, and copper ions and phosphoric acid synergize to chemisorb ammonia, so that it becomes a deodorizing filter with a long life even for extremely high concentrations of ammonia.
[0019]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
In this embodiment, the base material of the deodorizing filter shown in Embodiment Mode 1 is such that a low-cost urethane foam is supported with particulate activated carbon, and the base material itself constitutes a ventilation structure and is fitted to the frame. It is a thing. A base material becomes a sheet-like and flexible material by carrying 40 to 60% of particulate activated carbon on urethane foam. Copper ions and phosphoric acid are compositely attached to the base material in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the base material is in a functional state as a deodorizing filter material.
[0020]
By adopting this configuration, the copper ions attached to the base material chemically adsorb hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and ammonia, and perform an excellent deodorizing function. Ammonia is chemisorbed by the phosphoric acid added, and copper ions and phosphoric acid synergize to chemisorb ammonia, so that it becomes a deodorizing filter with a long life even for extremely high concentrations of ammonia.
[0021]
【Example】
Example 1.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a deodorizing filter of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the base material of the deodorizing filter is activated carbon paper obtained by mixing cellulose fibers and particulate activated carbon. Cellulose fibers are obtained by sufficiently fibrillating pulp raw materials. By mixing 60% of fine activated carbon with cellulose fibers and making paper by a wet papermaking method, activated carbon paper that is as thin as paper and good in formability can be obtained. This activated carbon paper is processed into a corrugation of No. 5 (number of cells per square inch is about 180) or E stage (number of cells per square inch is about 320) using a corrugating machine and laminated. Thus, a ventilation structure 1 having a honeycomb structure is obtained.
[0022]
In the ventilation structure 1, a honeycomb structure formed by stacking E-stage corrugates is cut into a thickness of 20 mm and subjected to a chemical adhering treatment. The chemical adhering treatment is performed by first immersing the air-permeable structure 1 in an aqueous copper sulfate solution having a concentration of 1 mol / liter for 10 minutes and air-drying for 1 hour, followed by 30 minutes in an electric oven at about 80 degrees. Processing to dry is given. Thereafter, a treatment for adding phosphoric acid in a composite manner is added. In the phosphoric acid addition treatment, the air-permeable structure 1 dried in an aqueous phosphoric acid solution having a concentration of 2 mol / liter is dipped for 10 minutes, again naturally dried for 1 hour, and then dried in an electric oven at about 80 degrees for 30 minutes. Is done by doing. The ventilation structure 1 to which copper ions and phosphoric acid are combined and attached is fitted into a frame 2 to constitute a deodorizing filter as shown in FIG.
[0023]
Example 2
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the deodorizing filter of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the base material of the deodorizing filter is a sheet-like material in which particulate activated carbon is supported on a nonwoven fabric. The sheet-like material is processed into a pleat shape to form a ventilation structure 3. A polypropylene nonwoven fabric is used for the nonwoven fabric, and the height of the pleats is set to 20 mm.
[0024]
The ventilation structure 3 is subjected to a chemical adhering process. The chemical adhering treatment is performed by first immersing the air-permeable structure 3 in an aqueous copper sulfate solution having a concentration of 1 mol / liter for 10 minutes and air-drying for 1 hour, followed by 30 minutes in an electric oven at about 80 degrees. Processing to dry is given. Thereafter, a treatment for adding phosphoric acid in a composite manner is added. In the phosphoric acid addition treatment, the air-permeable structure 3 dried in an aqueous phosphoric acid solution having a concentration of 2 mol / liter is immersed for 10 minutes and then naturally dried again for 1 hour, and then dried in an electric oven at about 80 degrees for 30 minutes. Is done by doing. A ventilation structure 3 to which copper ions and phosphoric acid are compositely attached is fitted to the frame 2 to constitute a deodorizing filter as shown in FIG.
[0025]
Example 3 FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the deodorizing filter of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the base material of the deodorizing filter is a sheet-like material in which particulate activated carbon is supported on urethane foam, and the sheet-like material itself is the ventilation structure 4. An ether polyurethane foam is used as the urethane foam.
[0026]
The ventilation structure 4 is subjected to a chemical adhering process. The chemical adhering treatment is performed by first immersing the air-permeable structure 4 in a copper sulfate aqueous solution having a concentration of 1 mol / liter for 10 minutes as a copper ion attachment, naturally drying for 1 hour, and then 30 minutes in an electric oven at about 80 degrees. Processing to dry is given. Thereafter, a treatment for adding phosphoric acid in a composite manner is added. In the phosphoric acid addition treatment, the air-permeable structure 4 dried in an aqueous phosphoric acid solution having a concentration of 2 mol / liter is dipped for 10 minutes, again naturally dried for 1 hour, and then dried in an electric oven at about 80 degrees for 30 minutes. Is done by doing. The ventilation structure 4 to which copper ions and phosphoric acid are compositely attached is fitted into the frame 2 to constitute a deodorizing filter as shown in FIG.
[0027]
The comparative examples 1 and 2 for comparing the function regarding deodorizing with the said Examples 1, 2, and 3 are shown. In Comparative Example 1, an activated carbon paper mixed with cellulose fibers and particulate activated carbon is used as a base material to form a honeycomb structured ventilation structure, and copper ions are attached to the ventilation structure. Cellulose fibers are obtained by sufficiently fibrillating pulp raw materials.
[0028]
In the vent structure of Comparative Example 1, a honeycomb structure formed by stacking E-stage corrugates was cut into a thickness of 20 mm and subjected to a chemical adhering treatment. The chemical adhering treatment is a treatment in which the aeration structure is immersed in an aqueous copper sulfate solution having a concentration of 1 mol / liter for 10 minutes, dried naturally for 1 hour, and then dried in an electric oven at about 80 degrees for 30 minutes. Was given.
[0029]
In Comparative Example 2, an activated carbon paper mixed with cellulose fibers and particulate activated carbon is used as a base material to form a honeycomb-structured ventilation structure, and copper ions and phosphoric acid are simultaneously added to the ventilation structure. Cellulose fibers are obtained by sufficiently fibrillating pulp raw materials.
[0030]
In the vent structure of Comparative Example 2, a honeycomb structure formed by laminating E-stage corrugates was cut to a thickness of 20 mm and subjected to a chemical adhering treatment. The chemical adhering treatment is carried out by immersing the aeration structure in an aqueous solution of copper sulfate having a concentration of 1 mol / liter and phosphoric acid solution having a concentration of 2 mol / liter for 10 minutes, followed by air drying for 1 hour, and then using an electric oven at about 80 degrees. A treatment for drying for a minute was performed.
[0031]
FIG. 4 shows a result of comparing the deodorization performance by measuring the transient removal efficiency for hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and ammonia as the deodorization performance of Examples 1, 2, and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 described above. The transient removal efficiency of the deodorizing filter was measured using an evaluation apparatus in which an odor sensor was installed on the downstream side of the duct so that air containing a predetermined concentration of odor gas could flow at a predetermined wind speed. Hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan 1PPm, and ammonia, 10PPm of odor concentration (inlet concentration) was passed through the duct at a wind speed of 0.8m / S, a 10cm square deodorizing filter was inserted into the duct, and the odor concentration after deodorization (Exit concentration) was measured with an odor sensor, and the transient removal efficiency was calculated by the equation of inlet concentration−outlet concentration / inlet concentration × 100 (%).
[0032]
In addition, the lifetime was estimated by conducting accelerated lifetime tests on hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and ammonia. The concentrations of odorous components such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia generated in the room are different, hydrogen sulfide is at a level of -10 PPb, and methyl mercaptan is at a very low level of -1 PPb. On the other hand, ammonia has a very high concentration of 100 PPb to 1000 PPb. In the accelerated life test, the odor concentration (inlet concentration) of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan was 1 PPm, and that of ammonia was 10 PPm. Therefore, the acceleration magnification is 100 times for hydrogen sulfide, 1000 times for methyl mercaptan, and 10 to 100 times for ammonia. FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring the lifetime by measuring the time-dependent change in the temporary removal efficiency and defining the lifetime as the time when the transient removal efficiency decreased to 60% of the initial value.
[0033]
As is clear from FIG. 4, the deodorizing filter of Comparative Example 1 achieves a transient removal efficiency of 85%, but has a short lifetime of 1 year for ammonia. In the deodorizing filter of Comparative Example 2, the transient removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan was greatly reduced to 10 to 20% because phosphoric acid was preferentially added as a result of simultaneously adding copper ions and phosphoric acid. In addition, the service life has been reduced. In contrast, the deodorizing filter of Example 1 achieves a temporary removal efficiency of 85% or more and a long life against ammonia. The results of the deodorizing filters of Example 2 and Example 3 can be evaluated as such.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a deodorizing filter having excellent deodorizing performance of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia and having a long deodorizing function life even for ammonia having a high concentration can be obtained.
[0035]
According to the invention of claim 2, a low-cost deodorizing filter having excellent deodorizing performance of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia and having a long deodorizing function life even for ammonia having a high concentration can be obtained.
[0038]
According to the invention of claim 3, a deodorizing filter material having excellent deodorizing performance of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia, and having a long deodorizing function life against ammonia having a high concentration can be produced.
[0040]
According to the invention of claim 4, a deodorizing filter material having excellent deodorizing performance of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia and having a long deodorizing function life even for ammonia having a high concentration can be produced at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a perspective view showing a deodorizing filter of Example 1. FIG.
2 is a perspective view showing a deodorizing filter of Example 2. FIG.
3 is a perspective view showing a deodorizing filter of Example 3. FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the performance of a deodorizing filter of each example and a deodorizing filter of a comparative example in comparison.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 3, 4 Ventilation structure, 2 Frame.

Claims (4)

A honeycomb-structured ventilation structure based on paper mixed with cellulose fibers or synthetic fibers and fine-particulate activated carbon is formed, and a chemical solution containing copper ions is applied to the ventilation structure, and then phosphoric acid is sequentially applied. deodorizing filter was. The particulate activated carbon constituting the vent structure in carrying substrate urethane foam, deodorizing filter and the vent structure, which sequentially impregnated process phosphoric acid after impregnation process the chemical solution containing copper ions. Deodorizing filter characterized in that the vent structure of the cellulosic fibers or synthetic fibers and a particulate activated carbon was 混抄 paper with base honeycomb structure, sequentially impregnated process phosphoric acid after impregnation process the chemical solution containing copper ions A method of manufacturing the material . A deodorizing filter material characterized in that a ventilation structure is composed of a base material in which fine activated carbon is supported on a urethane foam, and a phosphoric acid is sequentially added to the ventilation structure after a chemical solution containing copper ions is applied. Manufacturing method.

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