JP4035648B2 - Game device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a video game apparatus. In particular, the present invention relates to a game apparatus that can perform a more realistic image expression with an amusement center or a game apparatus installed at home.

  With the advance of computer technology, video game devices using computer graphics technology have been widely used. This type of video game device is widely accepted by users. Many different game devices have been devised, and various game software corresponding to them has been supplied.

  In order to allow the user to enjoy the video game more, it is desired that the image be displayed on the screen with a more realistic expression. For example, in a vehicle race such as a car race, it is desirable that the movement of the vehicle or the background is expressed naturally, or that it can occur during driving, for example, the state of damage to the vehicle due to a collision is realistically expressed.

  Conventionally, it has polygons in such a state that the car is broken due to such a collision, and it is expressed by this. However, since there are various broken states, it is necessary to store a large amount of polygons to express this. In practice, this was difficult. In addition, the memory of few polygons did not match the energy of the car and the degree of breakage, and could not cope with diversification of expressions.

  In addition, the same thing occurs in the traveling of the vehicle, for example, the background movement according to the traveling speed of the vehicle is not expressed, and the movement when the vehicle is actually traveling is not naturally expressed. There was also an inconvenience.

  On the other hand, since the three-dimensional screen (3D) display repeats complicated calculations such as coordinate transformation, the amount of calculation burdened by the CPU becomes enormous. For this reason, if a special effect or the like of image representation is performed, the processing time required for other processing must be reduced by the amount of calculation used for this.

Accordingly, a first object of the present invention is to provide a game device that reduces the data transfer time and increases the processing time when diversifying the screen representation.
Therefore, a second object of the present invention is to provide a game apparatus that can diversify the screen expression by reflecting the actual traveling state of the traveling body on the background screen.
It is a third object of the present invention to provide a game device that can diversify the screen expression so that the result according to the energy and direction of the collision when the car collides can be expressed on the screen. .

  In order to achieve the above object, an image processing apparatus according to the present invention is a storage area for displaying a screen of a situation in which a moving body moves on a display means in an image processing apparatus that displays the situation in which the moving body moves on a screen. The first storage means that is divided into the common display area and the movement display area, and the data for expressing the screen of the situation in which the moving body moves are divided and stored according to the division status of the storage means. A second storage means for storing information indicating a relationship between the divided storage data and a second storage means based on the relationship between the divided storage data when the mobile body moves. Means for transferring the stored data to the moving display area of the first storage means.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the first storage means is a texture memory, and the texture memory stores a common area for storing texture data in which data is not rewritten when a moving body is displayed. And the texture associated with the movement of the moving body such as the background is divided into an even block area and an odd block that can store both blocks when divided into even blocks and odd blocks. .

  According to still another aspect of the present invention, the second storage unit is a read-only storage device, and the read-only storage device has a common texture and a texture for each block in a state corresponding to the division state of the texture memory. Is stored for each block.

  In the present invention according to yet another aspect, one block of the second storage means stores several textures, and the transferring means stores several textures stored in the one block. One feature is that one texture is transferred for each frame.

  The present invention further provides a plurality of textures in an image processing apparatus that displays on a screen a situation in which a moving object moves, and a background image in which the moving object is stopped or in a low-speed state is provided in at least one of the first textures. Give a background image when the moving body is running at a low speed or more to the remaining at least one second texture, and add the second texture to the screen in addition to the first texture according to the situation of the moving body A means for mapping is provided.

  In still another aspect of the invention, the first texture is a picture that can display a screen of the road surface when the moving body is almost stopped, and the second texture is a road surface when the moving body is in a running state. It is a picture that can display a screen on which the character flows.

  Further, the second texture is a picture capable of displaying a plurality of screens according to the speed of the moving state of the moving body.

  Still further, the present invention provides an image processing apparatus that displays a moving state of a moving body on a screen, detects the moving direction and the moving amount of the moving body when the moving body collides, and determines the detected amount as the moving body. And a processing means capable of reflecting the amount of deformation.

  Another aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the moving body is divided into blocks, and a block to be subjected to the image processing is given from a detected value. Furthermore, in another embodiment, the texture before deformation and the texture after deformation are mapped to the moving body, and the blend ratio of both textures is changed according to the detected amount at the time of collision. It is characterized by. Furthermore, the blend ratio changes the transparency parameter of the texture.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the image data can be used in excess of the capacity of the first storage means for expressing the movement of the moving object, and the image for expressing the movement of the moving object is always the latest. Can be a thing.

  Furthermore, since a background screen corresponding to the moving speed of the moving body can be obtained, natural and expressive image processing can be performed.

  Furthermore, the direction of the moving body and the amount of energy are reflected in the collision, the deformation caused by the collision of the moving body is diversified, and the moving direction of the moving body and the mode are displayed accurately. In addition, the calculation load is limited due to the blocking.

  First, the configuration of a game apparatus that can execute the special effect image algorithm of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of a video game apparatus. This apparatus comprises a CPU block 10 for controlling the entire apparatus, a video block 11 for controlling display of a game screen, a sound block 12 for generating sound effects, a subsystem 13 for reading a CD-ROM, and the like. Yes.

  The CPU block 10 includes an SCU (System Control Unit) 100, a main CPU 101, a RAM 102, a ROM 103, a cartridge I / F 1a, a sub CPU 104, a CPU bus 103, and the like. The main CPU 101 controls the entire apparatus. The main CPU 101 has an arithmetic function similar to that of a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) inside, and can execute application software at high speed.

  The RAM 102 is used as a work area for the main CPU 101. In the ROM 103, an initial program for initialization processing and the like are written. The SCU 100 smoothly performs data input / output between the main CPU 101, the VDP 120, 130, the DSP 140, the CPU 141, and the like by controlling the buses 105, 106, and 107. Further, the SCU 100 includes a DMA controller therein, and can transfer object (or sprite) data in the game to the VRAM in the video block 11. Thereby, application software such as a game can be executed at high speed. The cartridge I / F 1a is for inputting application software supplied in the form of a ROM cartridge.

  The sub CPU 104 is called SMPC (System Manager & Peripheral Control), and has a function of collecting peripheral data from the input device 2b via the connector 2a in response to a request from the main CPU 101. The main CPU 101 performs processing such as moving a vehicle (object) in the game screen based on the peripheral data received from the sub CPU 104. A control device including a handle, an accelerator, a brake, and the like is connected to the connector 2a. Also, any peripheral among PAD, joystick, keyboard and the like can be connected. By connecting two control devices 2b to the connector 2a, a car race can be played. The sub CPU 104 has a function of automatically recognizing the type of peripheral connected to the connector 2a (main body side terminal) and collecting peripheral data and the like according to a communication method according to the type of peripheral.

  The video block 11 is mainly a VDP (Video Display Processor) 120 that draws an object composed of polygon data of a video game, mainly a background screen drawing, synthesis of polygon image data (object) and background image, clipping And a VDP 130 that performs processing and the like.

  The VDP 120 is connected to a VRAM 121 and a plurality of frame buffers (two in the example shown, 122 and 123). A polygon drawing command representing an object of the video game apparatus is sent from the main CPU 101 to the VDP 120 via the SCU 100 and written into the VRAM 121. The VDP 120 reads a drawing command from the VRAM into an internal system register and writes drawing data into the frame buffer. The drawn data in the frame buffer 122 or 123 is sent to the VDP 130. VDP 120 is a textured part display that displays standard objects, scaling objects, deformed objects, etc., non-standard object display that displays quadrilateral polygons, polylines, lines, etc., translucent operation between parts, semi-luminance calculation, shadow calculation, blur calculation, Color calculation such as mesh calculation and shading calculation, mesh processing, calculation function for performing clipping to prevent drawing other than the set display area, and the like are provided. In addition, a geometalizer that performs matrix operations is provided, and operations such as enlargement, reduction, rotation, deformation, and coordinate conversion can be performed quickly.

  The VDP 130 is connected to the VRAM 131, and image data output from the VDP 130 is output to the encoder 160 via the memory 132. In addition to the functions of the VDP 120, the VDP 130 includes a scroll function for controlling scroll screen display, a priority function for determining display priority of objects and screens, and the like.

  The encoder 160 generates a video signal by adding a synchronization signal or the like to this image data, and outputs it to the TV receiver 5 (or projector). As a result, various game screens are displayed on the TV receiver 5.

  The sound block 12 includes a DSP 140 that performs speech synthesis in accordance with the PCM method or the FM method, and a CPU 141 that controls the DSP 140 and the like. The audio data generated by the DSP 140 is converted into a 2-channel signal by the D / A converter 170 and then output to the speaker 5b.

  The subsystem 13 includes a CD-ROM drive 1b, a CD I / F 180, a CPU 181, an MPEG AUDIO 182 and an MPEG VIDEO 183. The sub-system 13 has functions for reading application software supplied in the form of a CD-ROM, reproducing moving images, and the like.

  The CD-ROM drive 1b reads data from a CD-ROM. The CPU 181 performs processing such as control of the CD-ROM drive 1b and error correction of the read data. Data read from the CD-ROM is supplied to the main CPU 101 via the CDI / F 180, the bus 106, and the SCU 100, and used as application software.

  MPEG AUDIO 182 and MPEG VIDEO 183 are devices for restoring data compressed according to the MPEG standard (Motion Picture Expert Group). By restoring the MPEG compressed data written in the CD-ROM using these MPEG AUDIO 182 and MPEG VIDEO 183, it is possible to reproduce a moving image.

  The CPU 101 develops a car racing game in a three-dimensional virtual space in accordance with a main game program and driving operation data (not shown). The main game program and data are supplied by an information recording medium such as a ROM cartridge, a CD-ROM, a floppy disk, etc., and loaded in the memory in advance. The program and data may be downloaded via a communication network such as the Internet, personal computer communication, satellite communication, or a medium such as broadcast. The CPU 101 arranges vehicles and background objects in the three-dimensional virtual space, and controls the position and movement of the objects in synchronization with the frame period of the TV receiver.

<Image Processing in First Embodiment>
2 to 8 are diagrams for explaining the first embodiment of the present invention, and are diagrams for explaining a technique for enabling the use of texture data exceeding the capacity of the texture memory. is there.

  The outline of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, the texture memory is divided into a common area, an even block area, and an odd block area, and secondly displayed on the display means. The texture data to be divided is formed into even blocks, odd blocks, and common blocks, and the concept of area is adopted to associate the areas with the even blocks and odd blocks; The texture data of the even block, the odd block and the common block separately formed according to the position where the mobile body is displayed is transferred to the texture memory. Necessary texture data around is taken out from the even block area or odd block area of the texture memory. Determining whether or not rewriting to the even block area or the odd block area of the texture memory is necessary based on the relationship between the odd block / even block and the area when there is a change in the texture memory area; When the corresponding block area of the texture memory needs to be rewritten, only the texture data of the corresponding block formed above is transferred to the block area of the texture memory.

  When transferring texture data of even blocks or texture data of odd blocks, the texture data of one corresponding block is not transferred all at once, but one texture data (for example, 256 × It will be transferred in units of 256Texcel).

  By realizing the above-described contents, the texture data can be used more than the capacity of the texture memory, and the texture data on the texture memory can always be updated (to the latest texture data).

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a texture memory used in the first embodiment. In this figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a texture memory. The texture memory 21 is divided into a common area 21a, an even block area 21b, and an odd block area 21c, for example. Here, the meaning of dividing the texture memory in this way is for convenience in using the texture memory, and remains one on the hardware.

  Here, for example, assuming that texture data with 256 × 256 texel as one unit is counted as one texture, in this embodiment, the common area 21a has a maximum number of textures of 6 and is an even block area. 21b has a maximum number of 9 textures, and the odd block area 21c has a maximum of 9 textures. Accordingly, in FIG. 2, in the common area 21a, the area divided by the dotted line is 6 areas, in the even block area 21b, the area divided by the dotted line is 9 areas, and in the odd block area 21c, the area is divided by the dotted line. Are divided into nine areas and displayed.

  The common area 21a is used for a model that is always displayed on the screen of the display means, for example, display data such as a road, and is not rewritten during the game process.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing display data used in the first embodiment, for example, showing texture data of the entire course of the car race. As can be seen from this figure, for example, a closed circuit-like course for car racing is constructed as display data, usually as display data 210 as shown in FIG. As the body moves, texture data necessary for the scene is extracted from the display data 210 and used.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the display data 210 is divided into, for example, six blocks BLK1, BLK2, BLK3,..., BLK6. In the first embodiment, the display data 210 is divided into six blocks. However, the display data 210 may be any number as long as the capacity permits.

  In the first embodiment, the concept of area AR is adopted, and the first block BLK1, the second block BLK2, the third block BLK3,..., The sixth block BLK6 divided as described above. Are stored in association with the areas AR1, AR2, AR3,..., AR6. That is, the blocks BLK1 to BLK6 and the areas AR1 to AR6 have a correspondence relationship as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing data relating to the model and texture constructed in a state in which the block BLK obtained by dividing the display data 210 as described above is associated with the texture memory 21, and FIG. 4 (1) shows the first block BLK1. 4 (2) shows the texture TD2 of the second block BLK2, FIG. 4 (3) shows the texture TD3 of the third block BLK3, FIG. 4 (4) shows the texture TD4 of the fourth block BLK4, 4 (5) shows the texture TD5 of the fifth block BLK5, and FIG. 4 (6) shows the texture TD6 of the sixth block BLK6.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, the texture TD1 is constructed in an area corresponding to the odd block area 21c in a state corresponding to the texture memory 21, and the other common area 21a and even block area Data is not constructed in the area corresponding to 21b.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4 (2), the texture TD2 is constructed in an area corresponding to the even block area 21b in a state corresponding to the texture memory 21, and is used for the other common area 21a and odd block. Data is not constructed in the area corresponding to the area 21c.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4 (3), the texture TD3 is constructed in an area corresponding to the odd block area 21c in a state corresponding to the texture memory 21, and is used for other common areas 21a and even blocks. Data is not constructed in the area corresponding to the area 21b.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4 (4), the texture TD4 is constructed in an area corresponding to the even block area 21b in a state corresponding to the texture memory 21, and is used for the other common area 21a and odd block. Data is not constructed in the area corresponding to the area 21c.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4 (5), the texture TD5 is constructed in an area corresponding to the odd block area 21c in a state corresponding to the texture memory 21, and is used for the other common area 21a and even block area. Data is not constructed in the area corresponding to the area 21b.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4 (6), the texture TD6 is constructed in an area corresponding to the even block area 21b in a state corresponding to the texture memory 21, and is used for the other common areas 21a and odd blocks. Data is not constructed in the area corresponding to the area 21c.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (7), the common texture DTc is constructed in a region corresponding to the common region 21a in a state corresponding to the texture memory 21, and is used for another even block region 21b and odd block. Data is not constructed in the area corresponding to the area 21c.

  Assume that the textures TD1 to TD6 and TDc constructed as described above are stored in, for example, a ROM.

  Next, data processing according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

〔initial state〕
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a case where the game is in an initial state, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing texture numbers in the texture memory at that time.

  First, at the start of the game, according to the processing of the game program, the vehicle 30 of the moving body is assumed to be in the first area AR1, as shown in FIG. In this case, the texture memory 21 stores the common texture TDc in the common area 21a, the texture TD2 in the even block area 21b, and the texture TD1 in the odd block area 21c.

  In such a state, it is assumed that the host vehicle 30 in the first block BLK1 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 6 and the host vehicle 30a moves to the second block BLK2 in accordance with the development of the game program. .

[When the vehicle 30 moves between blocks of the same area number]
A case where the host vehicle 30 moves between blocks having the same area number will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

  Here, the flowchart of FIG. 5 is executed at predetermined time intervals. First, it is determined whether the even block or the odd block is currently being rewritten (S501). In this case, since rewriting has not been performed (S501; NO), an area number where the host vehicle 30 is present is obtained (S502).

  Here, since the first block BLK1 and the second block BLK2 are associated as the second area AR2 from Table 1, the area number is AR2, and it is determined that they are the same area number (S503). . Therefore, since there is no change in the area AR number (S503; YES), this process is exited and the texture is not transferred.

[When the vehicle 30 moves between blocks of different area numbers]
A case where the own vehicle moves between blocks having different area numbers will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the vehicle and the block number of the course, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the state of the texture memory. 9A shows the memory state when the vehicle is moving in the same block, and FIG. 9B shows the state of the texture memory that is rewritten when the vehicle moves with a different area number. FIG.

  Next, it is assumed that the host vehicle 30 has moved from the second block BLK2 to the third block BLK3 as shown in FIG.

  Here, the flowchart of FIG. 5 is executed at predetermined time intervals. First, it is determined whether the even block or the odd block is currently being rewritten (S501). In this case, since rewriting has not been performed (S501; NO), an area number where the host vehicle 30 is present is obtained (S502).

  Here, since the second block BLK2 and the third block BLK3 are associated as the third area AR3 from Table 1, the area number is AR3 and is an area different from the previous number (AR2). The number (AR3) is determined (S503). Accordingly, since the area AR number has changed (S503; NO), the area number (AR3) is stored (S504), and the block number (BLK) to be rewritten is obtained from the area number (AR3). In this case, since it has been found that the texture TD3 of the third block BLK3 is to be rewritten (S505), it is determined whether the odd block area 21c corresponding to the odd block has been rewritten last time (S506). Here, since the odd block area 21c corresponding to the odd block has not been rewritten last time (S506; NO), the odd block flag is set (S507). Further, it is determined whether or not the even block area 21b corresponding to the even block has been rewritten last time (S508). Since the even block region 21b has not been rewritten last time (S508; NO), the even block flag is set (S509).

  Then, it is determined whether the odd block is being rewritten (S101). Here, since rewriting is performed (S510; YES), based on the odd block flag, the texture TD3 corresponding to the third block is transferred to the odd block area 21c of the texture memory 21 to generate the odd block. The area 21c is rewritten (S511), and the odd block flag is updated (S512). As a result, as shown in FIG. 9A, in the texture memory 21, the texture TD2 corresponding to the second block BLK2 corresponds to the even block area 21b, and the first block corresponds to the odd block area 21c. As shown in FIG. 9B, the texture TD1 stored in the texture memory 21 has the texture TD2 corresponding to the second block BLK2 in the even block area 21b in the odd block area 21c. The texture TD3 corresponding to the third block is transferred and rewritten. In addition, the texture TD2 of the even block area 21b is not rewritten.

  When it is necessary to rewrite the even block area 21b of the texture memory 21, the processes of steps S501 to S510, S513, and S514 in the flowchart of FIG. 5 are executed, and the even block area 21b is rewritten. It will be.

  For example, when the textures TD1 to TD6 stored in the ROM or the like are transferred to the even block area 21b or the odd block area 21c of the texture memory 21, the even block area 21b or the odd block area 21c Instead of transferring the data for all the areas at once, one frame (256 × 256 texel) is transferred per frame. By doing so, the transfer time is shortened. This is because in the case of the game machine of the present invention, the processing time is limited, and it is necessary to deal with this.

[If your vehicle runs backwards on the course]
The operation when the host vehicle runs backward on the course will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 10 is a diagram when the host vehicle travels on the course, FIG. 10 (a) shows a state in which the vehicle is traveling on the block BLK2, and FIG. 10 (b) shows that the host vehicle moves from the block BLK2 to the block BLK3. FIG. 10C shows the state when the vehicle moves, and the state when the host vehicle runs backward from the block BLK3 to the block BLK2.

  FIG. 11 shows the state of the texture memory in the above state. FIG. 11 (a) shows the memory state in the state of FIG. 10 (a), and FIG. 11 (b) shows the state of FIG. 10 (b). FIG. 11 (c) shows the memory state when the situation is, and FIG. 11 (c) shows the memory state when the situation is FIG. 10 (c).

  In the situation shown in FIG. 10A, as shown in FIG. 11A, the texture memory 21 has a texture corresponding to the common block TDc in the common area 21a and a texture corresponding to the second block BLK2 in the even block area 21b. The texture TD1 corresponding to the first block BLK1 is stored in the odd block area 21c. Then, the processing of steps S501, S502, and S503 is executed, and neither the even block area 21b nor the odd block area 21c of the texture memory 21 is rewritten.

  Further, in the situation of FIG. 10B, steps S501 to S512 are processed at the moment when the block BLK2 moves to the block BLK3, and thereafter steps 501, S510, S511, and S512 are processed. As shown in FIG. 11B, the odd block area 21c is being rewritten.

  In such a situation, even if the traveling direction is suddenly changed from the block BLK3 to the block BLK2 as shown in FIG. 10 (c), the same processing is performed in the area AR3. There is no. During this period, the area check (step S503) is not performed, but since it is the same in the area AR3, as shown in FIG. 11C, the odd block area 21c is set in the third block without causing a problem. Rewriting to texture TD3 corresponding to BLK3 is continued (S501-S510-S511-S512).

  According to such a first embodiment, texture data can be used in excess of the capacity of the texture memory, and the texture data can always be updated.

<Image Processing in Second Embodiment>
FIGS. 12 to 17 are diagrams for explaining the second embodiment of the present invention, and are for explaining a technique for obtaining a background image corresponding to the traveling speed of the moving body. FIG.

  An outline of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, in the second embodiment, while a game is being executed, a background screen corresponding to the speed of the moving body is obtained to obtain a natural-feeling screen, and data for obtaining such a screen is obtained. The purpose is to shorten the transfer time.

  In the second embodiment, a plurality of textures are prepared for the background screen, and the first texture is provided with background screen data in which the moving body is stopped or in a low-speed state. In the second texture, data on the background screen when the moving body is in a traveling state at a low speed or more is prepared corresponding to the speed band, and then the first texture is set according to the speed condition of the moving body. In addition to this, the second texture is mapped on the screen.

  By performing such image processing, it is possible to obtain a background screen according to the state of the moving speed of the moving body, so that natural and expressive image processing can be performed.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the state of the storage means for explaining the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 31 is a ROM, and reference numeral 41 is a texture memory.

First, regarding the speed of the moving object, for example,
(1) 0 [km / h] to 109 [km / h]
(2) 110 [km / h] to 199 [km / h]
(3) 200 [km / h] to 249 [km / h]
(4) 250 [km / h] to 279 [km / h]
(5) Classify as 280 [km / h].

According to this classification, a microtexture is prepared in the ROM 31.
(1) The microtexture (second texture) MT1 for the speed of 0 [km / h] to 109 [km / h] is stored.
(2) The micro texture (second texture) MT2 for speeds of 110 [km / h] to 199 [km / h] is stored.
(3) The microtexture (second texture) MT3 for speeds of 200 [km / h] to 249 [km / h] is stored.
(4) A microtexture (second texture) MT4 for speeds of 250 [km / h] to 279 [km / h] is stored.
(5) The micro texture (second texture) MT5 for speeds of 280 [km / h] to 280 is stored.

  The ROM 31 stores a normal texture (first texture) TD at the time of stopping or at a low speed.

  The microtextures MT1 to MT5 stored in the ROM 31 are transferred to the area 41A of the texture memory 41.

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining the image data processing executed in the second embodiment. Referring to this figure, the speed of the moving body is always checked during the game processing (S601). In this step 601, the number of the microtexture MT to be transferred is obtained from the speed of the moving object.

  Next, it is determined whether the number of the microtexture MT transferred last time is the same as the number of the microtexture MT transferred this time (S101). If it is not the same number (S602; NO), the obtained number is stored (S603), the transfer source address is obtained from this number, and the microtexture (second texture) MTm (for example, from the predetermined address of the ROM 31) m = 1, 2,..., 5) are read out and transferred to the area 41A of the texture memory 41 (S604).

  First, the background image data when the moving body is stopped is already transferred by transferring the first texture TD to a predetermined area of the texture memory 41, for example.

[Operation when the moving body is stopped or at low speed]
At such a point, the speed of the moving body is checked, and it is determined that the moving body is in the low speed region from the stop. The microtexture MT1 is extracted from the area of the ROM 31 and written to the region 41A of the texture memory 41 (S601 to S604). . In other words, the microtexture MT1 is mapped to the first texture TD. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 14, the moving body 50 and the stopped road sign 51 are displayed on the CRT. After that, if the moving body 50 is stopped, steps S601 and S602 are processed, and the moving body 50 and the stopped road sign 51 are displayed on the CRT as shown in FIG. It will be.

[Operation when the moving body is at a low speed or higher and at a medium speed]
Next, the speed of the moving body is checked, and it is determined that the moving body is in the second speed area. The microtexture MT2 is extracted from the area of the ROM 31 and written in the area 41A of the texture memory 41 (S601 to S604). In other words, the microtexture MT2 is mapped to the first texture TD.

  Then, on the CRT, as shown in FIG. 15, the moving body 50, the stopped road sign 51 displayed by the first texture TD written in the texture memory 41, and the area 41 </ b> A of the texture memory 41 are displayed. By the written micro texture (second texture) MT2, it is displayed as a road sign in a slightly flowed state.

[Operation when the moving body is at a low speed and a high speed]
Next, the speed of the moving body is checked, and it is determined that the moving body is in the third speed area. The microtexture MT3 is extracted from the area of the ROM 31 and written in the area 41A of the texture memory 41 (S601 to S604). In other words, the microtexture MT3 is mapped to the first texture TD.

  Then, on the CRT, as shown in FIG. 15, the moving body 50, the stopped road sign 51 displayed by the first texture TD written in the texture memory 41, and the area 41 </ b> A of the texture memory 41 are displayed. By the written microtexture (second texture) MT3, it is displayed as a road sign in a considerably flowed state.

[Operation when the moving body is at a low speed or higher and at a higher speed than the high speed]
Next, the speed of the moving object is checked, and it is determined that the moving body is in the fourth speed area, and the microtexture MT4 is taken out from the area of the ROM 31 and written in the area 41A of the texture memory 41 (S601 to S604). In other words, the microtexture MT4 is mapped to the first texture TD.

  Then, on the CRT, as shown in FIG. 15, the moving body 50, the stopped road sign 51 displayed by the first texture TD written in the texture memory 41, and the area 41 </ b> A of the texture memory 41 are displayed. By the written microtexture (second texture) MT4, it is displayed as a road sign that flows completely and continues in a straight line.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, the speed of the moving object is always checked, the texture of the background screen suitable for the speed of the moving object is extracted, and transferred to the predetermined area 41A of the texture memory 41, thereby By mapping the second texture to the texture of the background, a background screen corresponding to the speed of the moving object can be displayed on the CRT.

  As a result, a background screen corresponding to the speed of the moving object is displayed, and the expressiveness of the screen increases. Also, since the background screen is changed according to the speed status of the moving body, the second texture is simply transferred, so that the time required for the transfer can be shortened and the transfer data can be reduced.

<Image Processing in Third Embodiment>
FIGS. 18 to 26 are diagrams for explaining the third embodiment of the present invention. When the mobile body collides during movement, the mobile body according to the moving speed and the direction of the collision is shown. It is a figure for demonstrating the technique which can express breakage variously.

  The outline of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, in the third embodiment, image processing is performed to effectively display damage caused by a car crashing as a moving body, and the effect of rendering is enhanced when such processing is performed on a game device. The purpose is that.

In the third embodiment, (1) the direction in which the car collided is detected, (2) the speed (energy) in which the car collided is detected, and (3) these pieces of information are stored. It is to be reflected in the deformation of the car.
Specifically, (i) Prepare the whole polygon data of the car in a state where the car does not collide, (ii) Prepare the polygon data of the whole car in the state where the car is broken, (iii) Prepare the correspondence data of polygon block numbers and vertices, and (iv) determine which block from the information of the direction that the car hit, (v) the speed at which the car hit (energy wall (other cars)) The polygon data corresponding to the break of the corresponding block is interpolated from the data of (i) and the data of (ii) by a linear expression or a quadratic expression in accordance with the direction along the normal vector to I have to.

  In addition, texture mapping is performed on a normal texture without scratches (first texture) and a texture with scratches (second texture), and the transparency parameters of both are controlled. Normally, only normal textures are used. Display so that can be seen. That is, in this case, the latter transparency parameter of the texture is set to be large.

  In short, in this case, the first texture or the second texture can be displayed by changing the transparency parameters of the first texture and the second texture. Then, the situation after the collision can be expressed more realistically by changing the transparency parameter according to the situation of the collision.

  By performing such image processing, it is possible to obtain a background screen according to the state of the moving speed of the moving body, so that natural and expressive image processing can be performed.

[Premise of the third embodiment]
FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a state in which a vehicle as a moving body is divided into blocks, and polygon data on the plane side constituting the vehicle is obtained by this block division. FIG. 19 shows an example of polygon data of a part of a vehicle in a normal state before the collision, and is a diagram in a similar block-divided state. FIG. 20 shows an example of polygon data in a part of a car in a destroyed state after a collision, and is a diagram in a similar block state.

  19, for example, apple data P11, P12, P13,... Corresponds to, for example, polygon data P11a, P12a, P13a,. 19 and 20, polygon data is displayed for a part of the car. Of course, the polygon data (not shown) of the entire car is stored in advance in a ROM 31 as shown in FIG. deep.

  For example, the polygon data of the entire vehicle including the polygons of a part of a normal vehicle shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 is stored in advance in the area 311 of the ROM 31. Further, for example, the polygon data of the entire vehicle including the polygons of a part of the destroyed vehicle shown in FIG. 20 is stored in the area 312 of the ROM 31 in advance.

[Operation]
FIG. 22 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the third embodiment. FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining a collision determination method when a vehicle collides, and FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining speed delivery when two vehicles collide.

  First, when entering this flowchart, processing necessary to determine whether or not there is a collision is performed (S700).

This process is as follows. First, a vector connecting the centers of the two bodies of the car 81 and the car 82 is a two-body vector (Sx, Sz). Note that (S′x, S′z) is a normalized vector (unit vector) of the vector between two bodies (Sx, Sz).
Using the inner product of each point coordinate and the normalized vector (S′x, S′z), it is examined which point is closest to the other vehicle. A point close to the car 82 in the car 81 is defined as the apex (Px1, Pz1) of the car 81. The point closest to the car 81 in the car 82 is defined as the apex (Px2, Pz2) of the car 82.

  Assuming that the normalized vector (Tx, Tz) = (− S′z, S′x) perpendicular to the vector between two bodies, the inner product of each point and the vector (Tx, Tz) is used, and the vertex (the vehicle 81 The point of the own vehicle sandwiching the apex and the apex of the car 82 is obtained, and this is set as another point. Therefore, the other point of the car 81 is the other point (Qx1, Qz1), and the other point of the car 82 is the other point (Qx2, Qz2). A line segment vector SV1 of the car 81 and a line segment vector SV2 of the car 82 are obtained from the difference between the vertex and another point.

  Further, which line segment vector SV1, SV2 is an acute angle with respect to the two-body vector is obtained by the outer product of these line segment vectors SV1, SV2 and the two-body vector. Here, since the line segment vector SV2 of the car 82 has an acute angle, it is assumed that the vertex of the line segment vector SV2 is in contact with the other line segment vector SV1.

  In this case, it is determined that the point of the car 82 touches the line segment of the car 81. Therefore, it may be determined that there is a collision when the point of the car 82 reaches the line segment of the car 81 (S701).

  When it is determined that a collision has occurred (S701; YES), a process of determining which point on the line of the car 81 is in contact with the point of the car 82 is executed (S702).

  Here, the vertex of the car 82 is in contact with the line segment of the car 81. The inner product of the vertex and the normalization vector (Tx, Tz), and the two points of the line segment and the normalization vector (Tx, Tz). By calculating the internal part of the line, it is determined which part of the line segment the vertex touches. Thereby, the part AA which the cars 81 and 82 contact can be obtained. Thereby, the polygon in the collision site of the car when it collides can be obtained.

Next, a process of obtaining the collision direction and the collision speed (collision energy) is executed (S703). This is processed as follows. In FIG. 24, the speed vector of the car 81 is (Vx1, Vz1), the speed vector of the car 82 is (Vx2, Vz2), and the vector connecting the center of the car 81 and the car 82 is a two-body vector (Sx, Sz). And
The speed vector (Vx1, Vz1) of each car 81 and the speed vector (Vx2, Vz2) of the car 82 are decomposed into a two-body vector. These two-body vectors can be obtained by the inner product of the velocity vector and the normalized vector (S′x, S′z) of the two-body vector.

  That is, the two-body speed vector (Wx1, Wz1) of the car 81 can be obtained by (Vx1, Vz1) · (S′x, S′z).

  Further, the two-body speed vector (Wx2, Wz2) of the vehicle 82 can be obtained by (Vx2, Vz2) · (S′x, S′z).

  Due to the difference between the two-body velocity vector (Wx1, Wz1) and the two-body velocity vector (Wx2, Wz2) obtained in this way, the velocity vector is transferred when a collision occurs. The size of can be obtained.

  In this way, the direction and speed of the collision speed can be obtained (S703). Based on the information on the location of the collision obtained by the above processing (S702) and the information on the direction of the collision speed and the velocity of the collision obtained by this processing (S701), The polygon data of the part is interpolated (S704).

  As the interpolation processing method, for example, interpolation is performed using a known linear expression or quadratic expression. The polygon data interpolated in this way is transferred to the RAM (S706).

  Polygon data transferred to the RAM in this way is called a RAM polygon. This RAM polygon is eventually obtained by calculation. That is, it is possible to realistically reproduce a broken screen without preparing a large number of broken polygon data in the memory.

  In order to express the scratches of the collided part, the normal texture without scratches and the texture with scratches are mapped to the polygons that make up the car, and the transparency of both textures is determined according to the state of damage of the collided parts By controlling the parameters (S705), it is possible to express a scratch corresponding to the damage of the part where the car collided.

  That is, normally, as shown in FIG. 25, only the former texture 95 is displayed so as to be visible, and a transparency parameter that increases the latter transparency is set for the latter texture.

  Then, in the event of a collision, the above calculation result is used to control the latter transparency parameter in accordance with the degree of the collision energy of the vehicle to lower the transparency. As shown, the scratch 96 gradually emerges.

  As described above, the above processing steps can reproduce the image processing in which the breakage (dent) is caused at least depending on the direction of the collision of the car and the scratches are generated.

  In this embodiment, since the image processing is performed in this way, the direction of the vehicle and the amount of energy are reflected in the collision. That is, the deformation caused by the collision of the car is diversified, and the mode is accurately displayed in the moving direction and the collision of the car. In addition, the calculation load is limited due to the block.

It is a functional block diagram of the game device of an embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the texture memory used in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the display data used in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the data memorize | stored in ROM used in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example in the case of being in the start initial state of the game used by the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the number of the texture of the texture memory in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the own vehicle and the block number of a course in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state of the texture memory in the same 1st Embodiment. It is a figure in case the own vehicle drive | works on a course in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the condition of the texture memory in the same 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the mode of the memory | storage means for demonstrating the 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the image data process performed in the said 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen of the stop state in the said 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen of the medium speed state in the said 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen of the high speed state in the said 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen of the further high-speed state in the said 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen divided into the block of the car in the said 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen which divided the block of the normal vehicle in the said 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen divided into the block of the car which collided in the 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of ROM used in the said 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of the said 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the method of the collision determination when the car in the said 3rd Embodiment collides. It is a figure for demonstrating the delivery of speed when the two vehicles collide in the 3rd embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen of the texture in the said 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen of the texture in the said 3rd Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the correspondence of a block and an area.

Explanation of symbols

1 Video game apparatus main body 1a Cartridge I / F
1b CD-ROM drive 2a connector 2b game operation pad 2c cable 3a connector 3b floppy disk drive (FDD)
3c Cable 4a, 4b Cable 5 TV receiver 10 CPU block 11 Video block 12 Sound block 13 Subsystem 100 SCU (System Control Unit)
101 Main CPU
102 RAM
103 ROM
104 Sub CPU
105 CPU bus 106, 107 Bus 120, 130 VDP
121 VRAM
122, 123 Frame buffer 131 VRAM
132 Memory 140 DSP
141 CPU
160 Encoder 180 CD I / F
181 CPU
182 MPEG AUDIO
183 MPEG VIDEO

Claims (7)

In the image processing method for a game device that displays on a screen a situation in which a moving body moves, display data for developing a race performed by the moving body on a course in a three-dimensional virtual space is transmitted between the moving body and another display body. Storage means for storing in association with a plurality of textures as polygon data according to the presence or absence of interference, means for processing data relating to each texture stored in the storage means, and polygons processed by the means for processing the data Display means for displaying an image of data on a screen, and the means for processing the data is determined to be in an interference state when the moving body is in a state of colliding with another display body; when it is to be in interference state in step, the moving and the step of calculating the direction and the collision energy at the time of the collision, the calculated value obtained in the step A step of reflecting the deformation amount of the the mobile, a step of allocation and textures after deformation and deformation prior to texture, varying the blend ratio of the two textures according to the size of the collision energy upon the collision An image processing method for a game apparatus , comprising: determining the blend ratio by changing a transparency parameter of the texture . 2. The image processing method for a game device according to claim 1 , wherein the means for processing the data includes: the moving body and the other display body based on the line segment vector of the moving body and the line segment vector of another display body. An image processing method for a game apparatus, comprising: a step of determining that the two have collided with each other. 3. The image processing method for a game apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the data processing means divides the moving body into a plurality of blocks and determines a block to be subjected to the image processing from the calculated value. An image processing method for a game device, comprising: 4. The image processing method for a game device according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , wherein the means for processing the data indicates a change in polygonal shape of the target block before and after the image processing. An image processing method for a game apparatus, comprising a step of interpolating data and deformed polygon data based on the calculation amount. 5. The image processing method for a game apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the means for processing the data includes a step of interpolating polygon data of the target block of the moving object from the polygon data before the collision and the polygon data after the collision. An image processing method for a game device, comprising: In a game device that displays on a screen a situation in which a moving body moves, display data for developing a race performed by the moving body in a three-dimensional virtual space on a course, whether or not there is interference between the moving body and another display body Storage means for storing the polygon data in association with a plurality of textures as polygon data according to the above, means for processing data relating to each texture stored in the storage means, and an image of polygon data processed by the means for processing the data. Display means for displaying on a screen, and the means for processing the data determines that the moving body is in an interference state when it is in a state of collision with another display body, and is in the interference state. when the, calculates the direction and the collision energy at the time of the collision, to reflect the calculated value by the calculation to the amount of deformation of the movable body, the movable body, deformation Assign the texture after the texture variations, along with changing the blending ratio of the texture according to the size of the collision energy upon the collision, the blend ratio, be determined by changing the transparency parameter of said texture A game device characterized by the above. A game in which an image processing program for causing a computer to execute each step of the means for processing the data in the image processing method of the game device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 is stored. Device storage medium.

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