JP4030086B2 - Fire detector - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fire detector that detects a fire by detecting a flame at a light receiving portion, and particularly relates to a structure of the light receiving portion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For disaster prevention, fire detectors that detect flames are installed in tunnels. An example of a conventional fire detector is shown in FIG. The fire detector 1 of FIG. 9 is comprised from the main body 3 and the protrusion part 2 provided in the front side. The protruding portion 2 is provided with two light receiving portions 2a and 2a on the left and right. The area monitored by one fire detector 1 is determined to be 25 m before and after the installation position of the detector, and a conventional detector can detect a fire in a predetermined area installed on the side wall of the tunnel. Thus, the angle of the light receiving part was set. That is, each of the light receiving units 2a and 2a has an optical axis intersecting with each other at an angle β of about 90 ° (FIG. 9C), and a plane including the two optical axes is parallel to the road surface, It is set to be orthogonal to the installation surface 3a.
[0003]
In FIG. 10, the monitoring area when the fire detector 1 is attached to the side wall of the tunnel T is shown. In FIG. 10, the fire detector 1 is indicated by a black circle, (a) is a view of the road surface R as viewed from above, and (b) is a view of the tunnel T as viewed from the vehicle traveling direction.
The monitoring area in the plane parallel to the road surface R of the light receiving portions 2a and 2a of the fire detector 1 almost completely covers the road surface around the fire detector 1 as shown in FIG. . The monitoring area in the plane perpendicular to the road surface R substantially covers the inside of the tunnel with the front of the detector 1 as the center, as shown in FIG.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional installation mode, there is a blind spot (area d1 in FIG. 10B) in the vicinity of the detector, and there is a possibility that the detection of a fire occurring in the area is delayed. In tunnels that do not have an observer passage, there are more opportunities for cars to pass near the wall, so it is essential to monitor fires in the area.
Further, when installing above the tunnel, the detector is arranged at a position deviated from the center as shown in FIG. 11 in order to avoid the position of the jet fan. In this way, when installed above the tunnel, the monitoring area only enters directly under the fire detector 1, the blind spots (areas d2, d3) become large, and the conventional fire detector 1 can eventually be used. could not.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a highly useful fire detector that can detect a fire even when the installation place is located on the side or upper side of an area to be monitored.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
In a fire detector (10) comprising a main body (11) having an installation surface (11a) and a light receiving part (13, 13) for detecting a flame,
The main body is provided with a protrusion (12) that protrudes on the opposite side of the installation surface,
Two light receiving parts are provided side by side so that their optical axes intersect at a predetermined angle (β) in the projecting part,
The optical axis of the two light receiving portion with respect to the straight line (l) perpendicular to the installation surface, characterized in that the intersecting planes by a predetermined angle (alpha) inclined at a predetermined angle (beta).
[0007]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the optical axis of the light receiving portion that has been orthogonal to the installation surface is inclined with respect to a straight line that is orthogonal to the installation surface, the inclination direction and angle are appropriately selected. This makes it possible to monitor the areas to be monitored even if the conventional monitoring area that has spread around the front of the fire detector is changed to a desired range and installed at different installation locations such as sideways and above. In other words, the fire detector can be installed anywhere, and can be attached to a side wall or an upper part of a ceiling without using a specific mounting tool. Thus, the fire detector is highly useful.
Here, the light receiving section may be composed of a single light receiving element, or may be composed of a plurality of light receiving elements corresponding to a plurality of types of wavelengths. Moreover, the main body may be comprised from one member, or may be comprised from the main body cover etc. which were fixed to the back cover part which has an installation surface, and a back cover part.
[0011]
According to the invention described in claim 1, it can be by the two light receiving portions, wide monitors.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a fire detector according to the present invention. The fire detector 10 in FIG. 1 includes a main body 11 and a protruding portion 12 that protrudes forward from the center of the main body 11. The protruding portion 12 is provided with light receiving portions 13 and 13 on the left and right. Each light receiving unit 13 is provided with, for example, two types of light receiving elements corresponding to light in two types of wavelength ranges, and the fire detector 10 includes a total of four light receiving elements. A circuit board (not shown) is provided inside the main body 11, and the fire detector 10 processes signals received by the light receiving units 13 and 13 in the circuit board and outputs a fire detection signal and the like.
When the fire detector 10 is installed in a tunnel, as shown in FIG. 2, the fire detector 10 is installed at an interval of 25 m, and the monitoring area of one fire detector 10 extends to the installation location of the adjacent fire detector 10. This monitoring area will be described later.
[0013]
The field of view of each light receiving unit 13 has a conical shape, and the viewing angle is about 90 ° to 120 °. Accordingly, the monitoring range has a shape obtained by rotating a distorted fan shape having a central angle of 90 ° to 120 ° around the axis of symmetry.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 1A, the direction of the optical axis of the light receiving portions 13 and 13 is inclined by an angle α with respect to a straight line 1 orthogonal to the installation surface 11a on the back side of the main body 11. The angle α may be appropriately selected according to specific conditions, and is preferably 25 ° to 45 ° in the present invention. This angle will be described later.
The optical axes of the light receiving portions 13 and 13 intersect with each other with an angle β as shown in FIG. This angle β is in the range of 80 ° to 110 °. When the left and right light receiving units 13 are combined by setting the angle β as described above, one fire detector 10 is widely monitored not only in the front of the fire detector 10 but also in the left and right directions as shown in FIG. An area can be secured.
[0015]
The fire detector 10 has a monitoring range as shown in FIG. 3, and a suitable value of α can be derived from this monitoring range. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 schematically show the state of the tunnel T viewed from the vehicle traveling direction, and shows changes in the monitoring area when the angle α of the fire detector 10 is increased by 5 °. Yes.
The tunnel T is 10 m in height from the road surface T to the top portion T1, and 17.5 m in width of the road surface R, and has a general size of a three-lane tunnel on one side.
FIG. 4 shows the case where the fire detector 10 is installed at a height of 5.5 m of the tunnel T and 2 m from the left wall, and FIG. 5 shows the case where the fire detector 10 is installed at a height of 2 m on the side wall of the tunnel T. Yes.
[0016]
In general, when a fire detector is installed above the tunnel, there is a jet fan in the center of the tunnel, so it is not installed at the highest top T1 of the tunnel, but from the top T1 as shown in FIG. It is installed at a position slightly lowered and installed on a support member or the like protruding from the wall. Moreover, it is more convenient to install in such a position from the viewpoint of ease of installation work and cleaning work and wiring structure.
The direction of installation of the fire detector 10 at this time is the direction shown in the circle C, and the angle α is inclined to the right of FIG. 4, that is, toward the center portion of the road surface R with respect to the straight line l along the vertical direction. It is an angle to do.
[0017]
If the value of β is determined for convenience so that the viewing angle at the cross section at the detector position is 90 °, the optical axis of the light receiving unit shown in FIG. 4 when α = 0 °, that is, also in FIG. Is a range in which a conventional monitoring area in a case where is perpendicular to the road surface R is sandwiched between two lines L1-L1 ′. Then, α is increased by 5 ° from this L1-L1 ′. That is, α = 5 ° between L2 and L2 ′, α = 10 ° between L3 and L3 ′, α = 15 ° between L4 and L4 ′, α = 20 ° between L5 and L5 ′, L6 and L6 ′. Α = 25 ° between L7 and L7 ′, α = 35 ° between L8 and L8 ′, α = 40 ° between L9 and L9 ′, and α = 45 ° between L10 and L10 ′. The monitoring area at the time is shown.
[0018]
Similarly, when the value of β is determined for convenience so that the viewing angle in the cross section at the detector position is 90 °, in FIG. 5, when α = 0 °, that is, the light receiving portion shown in FIG. The monitoring area when the optical axis is parallel to the road surface R is a range sandwiched between two lines L11-L11 ′. As in FIG. 4, α is increased by 5 °, and the monitoring area is shown when α = 25 ° between L12 and L12 ′ and α = 45 ° between L13 and L13 ′.
In FIG. 4, α = 30 ° is ideal as α that substantially covers an appropriate space on the road surface R (for example, a space up to a height of 5 m on the road surface). On the other hand, in FIG. 5, if α = 40 °, an appropriate space on the road surface R is almost covered.
In FIG. 4, most of the appropriate space on the road surface R can be monitored even at α = 40 °, and most of the appropriate space on the road surface R can be monitored even at α = 30 ° in FIG. Therefore, a preferable angle of α in the installation examples of FIGS. 4 and 5 may be 30 ° to 40 °. Note that the detector installation position may be changed depending on the size and structure of the tunnel. Therefore, it is only necessary that α = 25 ° to 45 ° with a slight margin in the above-mentioned preferred angle.
With such an angle α, it is possible to almost monitor the necessary range centering on the road surface R, regardless of whether it is installed on the side wall of the tunnel T or on the upper side.
4 and 5, the aforementioned “viewing angle in the cross section at the position of the detector” means that it passes between the two light receiving units in the area where the monitoring ranges of the two light receiving units 13 and 13 intersect. The viewing angle when the tunnel is rounded, and the viewing angle at this time depends on β.
[0019]
Specifically, monitoring areas when the fire detector 10 in which β is set to 90 ° and α is set to 35 ° are installed in the tunnel T are shown in FIGS.
FIG. 6 shows a monitoring area when the fire detector 10 is installed on the side wall of the tunnel T as shown in FIG. 5, (a) is a view of the road surface R as seen from above, and (b) is the road surface. In the drawing, the fire detector 10 is indicated by a black circle, and the arrow indicates the direction of the optical axis of the light receiving unit 13.
As shown in FIG. 6A, when the monitoring areas of the light receiving units 13 and 13 are combined, the entire range of the road surface R around the fire detector 10 is covered. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, the road surface R is almost in the monitoring area, and a wide monitoring area is secured near the detector as compared with FIG.
[0020]
FIG. 7 shows the case where the fire detector 10 is installed at the upper left of the tunnel T as shown in FIG. 4, and (a) and (b) are in the same direction as in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, when the monitoring areas of the light receiving units 13 and 13 are combined, almost the entire range of the road surface R is covered. Thus, even when installed above the tunnel T, unlike the conventional case (FIG. 11), most of the road surface R can be monitored. This is because the light receiving units 13 and 13 are inclined in the monitoring range direction with an angle α.
Since the target of fire detection is a vehicle traveling on the road surface R, the monitoring range shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is sufficiently effective.
[0021]
In practice, the fire detectors 10 having the monitoring ranges as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are installed at intervals of 25 m as shown in FIG.
As a result, the monitoring area of the left (right) light receiving unit 13 of one fire detector and the monitoring area of the right (left) light receiving unit 13 of the adjacent fire detector overlap with each other. The blind spot below the fire detector 10 indicated by is covered by the adjacent fire detector.
[0022]
According to the fire detector 10 described above, the light receiving portions 13 and 13 are inclined in a range of α = 25 ° to 45 ° with respect to the straight line 1 orthogonal to the installation surface 11a. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, when installed on the side wall, the optical axis of the light receiving unit 13 faces downward as compared with the prior art, so that it is possible to monitor almost the entire road surface including the vicinity of the detector. . Further, when installed above the tunnel T, since the optical axis of the light receiving unit 13 faces the central portion of the road surface R, the entire road surface can be widely monitored as shown in FIG. Therefore, one fire detector can be installed on the side or upper side of the tunnel T without using a specific fixture or the like. In other words, the installation location is not selected and the utility is increased.
In addition, since the two light receiving portions 13 and 13 of the fire detector 10 are provided side by side with an angle β, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 7A, the left and right light receiving portions 13 are arranged. However, the left front and the right front of the fire detector 10 can be monitored to ensure a wide monitoring area.
In the tunnel T, since a plurality of fire detectors 10 are installed side by side so that the monitoring areas overlap (FIG. 2), the adjacent detectors monitor the blind spots of one fire detector 10. Thus, the desired area can be almost completely monitored.
[0023]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that the specific shape and structure can be changed as appropriate.
For example, in the present invention, the structure around the light receiving part is arbitrary as long as two light receiving parts can be provided with angles such as α and β. For example, the fire detector 20 shown in FIG. 8 is provided with two pedestals 21 and 21 with an angle β in the main body 22. Each pedestal 21 is formed with a surface 21a with a predetermined inclination, and a light receiving portion 23 is provided on the surface 21a so as to have an angle α with respect to a straight line l ′ perpendicular to the installation surface 22a.
Further, suitable α and β angles may be changed depending on the viewing angle of the light receiving unit, the width of the tunnel, the mounting position (height, distance from the side wall) of the fire detector, and the like.
Furthermore, the installation location does not have to be a tunnel, and can be installed in various buildings.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the optical axis of the light receiving portion that has been orthogonal to the installation surface is inclined with respect to a straight line that is orthogonal to the installation surface, the inclination direction and angle are appropriately selected. By changing the monitoring area that has spread from the front in front of the fire detector to the desired range, it is possible to monitor the area that you want to monitor in each location, even if it is installed at different locations, such as sideways or above the location. become. In other words, the fire detector can be installed anywhere, and can be mounted on the side wall or above the ceiling without using a specific mounting tool, thus providing a highly useful fire detector .
[0026]
According to the invention described in claim 1, it can be by the two light receiving portions, wide monitors.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a fire detector according to the present invention, where (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a bottom view.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a plurality of fire detectors are installed in a tunnel.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a viewing angle and a monitoring area of a light receiving unit 13;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how the monitoring area changes according to the angle α when the fire detector of the present invention is installed above the tunnel.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how the monitoring area changes according to the angle α when the fire detector of the present invention is installed on the side wall of the tunnel.
6A and 6B show a monitoring area when the fire detector of the present invention is installed on the side wall of the tunnel. FIG. 6A is a view of the road surface as viewed from above, and FIG. FIG.
FIGS. 7A and 7B show a monitoring area when the fire detector of the present invention is installed above a tunnel. FIG. 7A is a view of the road surface as viewed from above, and FIG. FIG.
FIG. 8 shows another example of the fire detector according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a bottom view.
9A and 9B show a conventional fire detector, where FIG. 9A is a side view, FIG. 9B is a front view, and FIG. 9C is a bottom view.
10A and 10B show a monitoring area when a conventional fire detector is installed on the side wall of a tunnel, where FIG. 10A is a view of the road surface viewed from above, and FIG. It is a figure.
11A and 11B show a monitoring area when a conventional fire detector is installed above a tunnel, where FIG. 11A is a view of the road surface viewed from above, and FIG. It is a figure.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 20 Fire detector 11, 22 Main body 11a, 22a Installation surface 12 Protruding part 13, 13, 23, 23 Light receiving part 21, 21 Base

Claims (1)

In a fire detector comprising a main body having an installation surface and a light receiving part for detecting a flame,
The main body is provided with a protrusion that protrudes on the opposite side of the installation surface,
Two light receiving parts are provided side by side so that their optical axes intersect at a predetermined angle in the protruding part,
A fire detector, wherein a plane in which the optical axes of two light receiving portions intersect at a predetermined angle with respect to a straight line orthogonal to the installation surface is inclined at a predetermined angle different from the predetermined angle.

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