JP4025123B2 - Compound having liquid crystal-like structure and liquid crystal composition containing the same - Google Patents

Compound having liquid crystal-like structure and liquid crystal composition containing the same Download PDF

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JP4025123B2
JP4025123B2 JP2002181258A JP2002181258A JP4025123B2 JP 4025123 B2 JP4025123 B2 JP 4025123B2 JP 2002181258 A JP2002181258 A JP 2002181258A JP 2002181258 A JP2002181258 A JP 2002181258A JP 4025123 B2 JP4025123 B2 JP 4025123B2
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compound
liquid crystal
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alkyl group
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JP2004026666A (en
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眞敏 湯本
圭一郎 林
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Fujifilm Corp
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Fujifilm Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、紫外線吸収剤等に好適に用いられる化合物、詳しくは、液晶組成物等に添加することにより、その液晶性を損なうことなく耐光性を大幅に改善できる新規な化合物及びこれを含む液晶組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
液晶組成物は、光や熱、空気、水分に対して安定であることが要望されるが、誘電異方性や粘度特性の様な、表示素子として使用する上で要求される諸物性を満足して、同時に使用環境に対しても安定な液晶組成物を得ることは、特に屋外で使用される場合の様に強い紫外線等に曝される用途では困難であり、経時的には液晶性が劣化していく或いは消費電流が増大してしまう等の性能の低下を引き起こす。
【0003】
この様な紫外線等による液晶組成物の機能低下を抑制する方法として、紫外線吸収剤の添加による安定化や、液晶セル表面への紫外線遮蔽フィルムの貼付が提案されているが、特開昭57−85879号公報に記載されている様な通常の樹脂等に用いられる非液晶性ないし液晶類似構造を有しない紫外線吸収剤では、液晶組成物に添加した場合、N−I点(ネマチック液晶相から等方性液体相への相転移温度)の低下を齎すため、満足のいくものではなかった。
また、紫外線遮蔽フィルムの貼付も、部材及び貼付工程が増えることで製造プロセスが煩雑になり好ましくなかった。
【0004】
その他の方法として、シアノアクリレート系化合物の液晶への利用が特開昭61−291557号公報に提案されているが、この化合物は、添加された液晶組成物の諸特性を変化させるものであるため、液晶組成物に添加するには他の液晶成分の組成まで変更する必要が生じ、汎用的ではなかった。
また、特開2002−80851公報には、広帯域円偏光反射板の作製について記載されているが、ここで用いられている紫外線吸収剤はベンゾトリアゾール系の化合物であり、前述と同様に、液晶組成物のN−I点を低下させるという問題を有していた。
【0005】
この様な状況のもと、液晶組成物に良好な相溶性を示し、液晶組成物の耐光性を大幅に改善でき、且つ液晶組成物の基本特性には殆ど影響を与えない新規な紫外線吸収剤の開発が望まれていた。また、液晶組成物以外にも、塗料や各種の樹脂組成物等に添加することにより、それらの耐光性を大きく改善できる紫外線吸収剤の開発も望まれていた。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明の目的は、液晶組成物等に添加することにより、それらの耐光性を大きく改善でき、且つ液晶組成物の基本特性には殆ど影響を与えない様な紫外線吸収剤等となり得る新規化合物を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は前記の現状に鑑み、液晶組成物に優れた相溶性を示し、液晶組成物の基本特性に影響を与えず、液晶類似構造を有する新規化合物を鋭意探究した結果、下記特定の構造を有する桂皮酸誘導体が、上記目的を達成し得ることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0008】
<1> 少なくとも1種の液晶性化合物と下記一般式(I)で表される化合物の少なくとも1種とを含む液晶組成物
【化3】

Figure 0004025123
一般式(I)において、R 1 はアルキル基、アリール基を表し、R 2 はアルキル基を表し、R 3 〜R 5 は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基を表し、R 6 は水素原子、アルキル基を表し、R 7 は水素原子、アルキル基、シアノ基を表し、R 8 はアルキル基、アリール基を表す。〕
<2> 下記一般式(I)で表されることを特徴とする化合物
【化4】
Figure 0004025123
〔一般式(I)において、 1 はアリール基を表し、R2はアルキル基を表し、R3〜R5は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基を表し、R6は水素原子、アルキル基を表し、R7は水素原子、アルキル基、シアノ基を表し、 8 はアリール基を表す。〕
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
(一般式(I)で表される化合物)
本発明において液晶性化合物と共に本発明の液晶組成物を構成する下記一般式(I)で表される化合物について、詳細に説明する。
一般式(I)で表される化合物は、有害な300〜400mμ付近の紫外線を良く吸収し、自身は異性化ないしは構造変化を起こさない性質を有しているので、紫外線吸収剤として有効である。特に、一般式(I)の分子形状が、平面的で棒状ないし板状の液晶類似構造をしているので、液晶組成物に添加してもその液晶性(例えば、N−I転移温度等)を低下させることがなく、該液晶組成物の耐光性を大幅に改善できるので紫外線吸収剤等として極めて有用な化合物である。
【0010】
【化3】
Figure 0004025123
【0011】
1で表されるアルキル基としては、無置換でも置換基で置換されていてもよく、総炭素数1〜30のアルキル基が好ましく、特に総炭素数1〜20のアルキル基が好ましい。
置換されている場合の置換基としては、例えば、ハロゲン原子、アリール基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アルコキシ基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アシルオキシ基、シアノ基、ヒドロキシル基が好ましく、中でも、ハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基が特に好ましい。
上記アルキル基の具体例としては、メチル基、ペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等の無置換アルキル基が好ましく挙げられる。
【0012】
1で表されるアリール基としては、無置換でも置換基で置換されてもよく、総炭素数6〜40のアリール基が好ましく、特に総炭素数6〜30のアリール基が好ましい。
置換されている場合の置換基としては、例えば、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アルコキシ基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、カルボキシル基、アシルオキシ基、シアノ基が好ましく、中でも、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、カルボキシル基、アシルオキシ基が特に好ましい。
上記アリール基の具体例としては、フェニル基、β−ナフチル基、4−メチルフェニル基、4−ビニルフェニル基、4−ブチルオキシフェニル基、4−ベンゾイルオキシフェニル基等が挙げられる。
以上の様なR1で表される基の内、特にアリール基が好ましい。
また、本発明の上記一般式(I)で表されることを特徴とする化合物においては、R はアリール基を表す で表されるアリール基は上記アリール基と同義である
【0013】
2で表されるアルキル基は、前述のR1で表されるアルキル基と同じであり、好ましいアルキル基も同様である。
【0014】
3〜R5で表されるハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子が好ましく、特にフッ素原子又は塩素原子が好ましい。
3〜R5で表されるアルキル基は、前述のR1で表されるアルキル基と同じであり、好ましいアルキル基も同様である。
【0015】
3〜R5で表されるアルコキシ基としては、無置換でも置換基で置換されいてもよく、総炭素数1〜30のアルコキシ基が好ましく、特に総炭素数1〜20のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
置換されている場合の置換基としては、例えば、ハロゲン原子、アリール基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アルコキシ基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アシルオキシ基、シアノ基、ヒドロキシル基、カルボキシル基が好ましく、中でも、ハロゲン原子、アリール基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基が特に好ましい。
上記アルコキシ基の具体例としては、メトキシ基、ブチルオキシ基等の無置換アルコキシ基が好ましく挙げられる。
これらのR3〜R5で表される基の内、水素原子又はアルキル基が好ましく、特に水素原子が好ましい。
【0016】
6で表されるアルキル基は、前述のR1で表されるアルキル基と同じであり、好ましいアルキル基も同様である。
これらのR6で表される基の内、特に水素原子が好ましい。
【0017】
7で表されるアルキル基は、前述のR1で表されるアルキル基と同じであり、好ましいアルキル基も同様である。
これらのR7で表される基の内、水素原子又はシアノ基が好ましく、特に水素原子が好ましい。
【0018】
8で表されるアルキル基は、前述のR1で表されるアルキル基と同じであり、好ましいアルキル基も同様である。
8で表されるアリール基は、前述のR1で表されるアリール基と同じであり、好ましいアリール基も同様である。
以上の様なR8で表される基の内、液晶性を損なわない観点より、前述のR1がアリール基を表す場合には、R8はアルキル基又はアリール基を表すのが好ましく、またR1がアルキル基を表す場合には、R8はアリール基を表すのが好ましい。更に、このR1とR8が共にアリール基を表す場合が、特に好ましい。
また、本発明の上記一般式(I)で表されることを特徴とする化合物においては、R はアリール基を表す で表されるアリール基は前述のR 1 で表されるアリール基と同義である
【0019】
また、R1とR8で表されるアルキル基及びアリール基は、下記に示す基で置換されていてもよい。
【化4】
Figure 0004025123
【0020】
以下に、本発明の一般式(I)で表される化合物の具体例を挙げるが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0021】
【化5】
Figure 0004025123
【0022】
【化6】
Figure 0004025123
【0023】
【化7】
Figure 0004025123
【0024】
【化8】
Figure 0004025123
【0025】
(一般式(I)化合物の合成)
次に、本発明の一般式(I)で表される化合物の合成方法について説明する。
一般式(I)で表される化合物は、例えば、下記の反応式(1)に示す方法で合成することができる。
【化9】
Figure 0004025123
ここで、Xはハロゲン原子を表し、中でも、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子が好ましく、特にヨウ素原子が好ましい。
【0026】
即ち、ハロゲン化アリールである化合物(A)とオレフィンである化合物(B)とのカップリング反応により、一般式(I)の化合物を合成することができる。
上記カップリング反応は、反応を促進するために、遷移金属触媒や塩基、溶媒、必要に応じてその他の添加剤を共存させて行うことが好ましい。尚、上記カップリング反応の詳細は、「Organic Reactions」 <27>、345(1982)に記載の方法等を用いることができる。
【0027】
上記遷移金属触媒としては、パラジウム触媒、ニッケル触媒が好ましく、特にパラジウム触媒が好ましい。
上記化合物(A)は、対応する3−アルコキシ−4−アシルアミノアニリン誘導体からのSandmeyer反応等により合成することができる。上記化合物(B)は、市販品又は公知の方法により合成したものを用いることができる。
【0028】
ここで、得られた一般式(I)の化合物内の置換基R1又はR8は、加水分解やエステル化、エーテル化等の公知の官能基変換方法を用いて、他の置換基R1又はR8に変換することも可能である。
【0029】
また、下記ニトロ化合物(C)と上記オレフィン化合物(B)とにより、上記反応式(1)と同様にカップリング反応を行った後に、得られる下記化合物(D)のニトロ基を還元しアシル化することでも、一般式(I)の化合物を合成することができる。
【化10】
Figure 0004025123
【0030】
また、下記の式(2)〜式(4)により、一般式(I)の化合物を合成することができる。
【化11】
Figure 0004025123
【0031】
即ち、上式(2)においては、化合物(E)とマロン酸とのクネーフェナーゲル反応により化合物(F)を得、この化合物(F)のエステル化により、一般式(1)の化合物(ここでは、R7=H)を得ることができる。
また、上式(3)においては、化合物(E)とシアノ酢酸エステルとの縮合反応により、一般式(1)の化合物(ここでは、R7=CN)を得ることができる。
また、上式(4)においては、化合物(E)とウィッテッヒ試薬とのウィッテッヒ反応により、一般式(1)の化合物を得ることができる。
これらの場合も、得られた一般式(1)の化合物内の官能基R1又はR8は、公知の官能基変換により、他の官能基R1又はR8に変換することが可能である。
【0032】
また、上記化合物(E)を下記化合物(G)に変更し、上式(2)〜上式(4)の反応を行った後に、ニトロ基を還元してアミノ基に変換しアシル化することによっても、一般式(1)の化合物を得ることができる。
【化12】
Figure 0004025123
【0033】
(液晶組成物)
本発明の一般式(I)で表される化合物は、特に紫外線吸収剤として、少なくとも1種の液晶性化合物を含む液晶組成物に添加されて、その耐光性を大きく向上させるのに効果を発揮する。
本発明の一般式(I)で表される化合物の含有量としては、液晶組成物の全固形分(質量)の0.1〜70質量%が好ましく、2〜30質量%が特に好ましい。
上記液晶性化合物としては、その屈折率異方性(Δn)が、0.10〜0.40の液晶化合物、高分子液晶化合物、重合性液晶化合物等の中から適宜選択することができる。例えば、スメクティック液晶化合物、ネマチック液晶化合物などを挙げることができ、中でも、ネマチック液晶化合物が好ましい。例えば、液晶性化合物に該ネマチック液晶化合物を用い、これに光学活性化合物を併用することによって、コレステリック液晶組成物(コレステリック液晶相)とすることができる。
この液晶性化合物は、溶融時の液晶状態にある間に、例えばラビング処理等の配向処理を施した配向基板を用いる等により、配向させることができる。また、液晶状態を固相にして固定化する場合には、冷却或いは重合等の手段を用いることができる。
【0034】
上記液晶性化合物の具体例としては、WO95/22586、特開2001−233837号、特開2001−64627号、特開2000−281629号公報に記載の化合物を挙げることができる。但し、本発明においては、これらに制限されるものではない。この様な液晶性化合物の一例を下記に示す。
【0035】
【化13】
Figure 0004025123
【0036】
【化14】
Figure 0004025123
【0037】
【化15】
Figure 0004025123
【0038】
上式中、nは1〜1000の整数を表す。
上記各例示化合物において、芳香環の連結基が以下の構造に変わったものも同様に好適なものとして挙げることができる。
【0039】
【化16】
Figure 0004025123
【0040】
液晶性化合物の含有量としては、液晶組成物の全固形分(質量)の30〜99.9質量%が好ましく、70〜98質量%がより好ましい。該含有量が30質量%未満であると、配向が不十分となることがあり、特にコレステリック液晶の場合には所望の選択反射色が得られないことがある。
【0041】
【実施例】
以下に、本発明の一般式(I)で表される化合物の合成例及び用途例を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。尚、実施例中の「部」及び「%」は、特に断わりのない限り全て「質量部」及び「質量%」を表す。
【0042】
合成例1](例示化合物1−21の合成)
テレフタル酸モノメチルエステル(18.0g,99.9mmol)をTHF(200mL)に溶解させ、DMFを数滴加えた。そこへ室温で塩化オキザリル(19mL,0.12mol)を加え、1時間ほど撹拌した。この反応液を減圧濃縮し、再びTHF(200mL)に溶解させ、4−ニトロ−2−メトキシアニリン(16.8g,99.9mmol)及びトリエチルアミン(19mL,0.14mol)をTHFに溶解した溶液を、氷冷下に滴下した。得られた反応液を希塩酸に空け濾別した。更に、得られた粗結晶をMeOHに分散させ濾別し、3−メトキシ−4−(4−メトキシカルボニルベンゾイルアミノ)−ニトロベンゼン(29.3g,収率88%)を得た。
【0043】
この3−メトキシ−4−(4−メトキシカルボニルベンゾイルアミノ)−ニトロベンゼンをTHF(300mL)に分散させ、10%Pd−C(50%wet,6g)を加え、水素気流下に7時間激しく撹拌した。この反応液よりPd−Cを濾別し、反応液を濃縮した。得られた粗結晶をMeOHに分散させ濾別した。更に、得られたアニリン誘導体をEtOH(200mL)に分散させ、氷冷下に濃塩酸(16mL)及び亜硝酸ナトリウム水溶液(4.5g/50mL,65.2mmol)を加えた。1時間の撹拌の後、スリラー状の反応液を70℃に加温したヨウ化カリウム水溶液(15.4g/200mL,92.7mmol)に少しずつ投下し、1時間ほど撹拌した。この反応液を水に空け結晶を濾別し、酢酸エチル−MeOHに分散し濾過して、クロロホルムを展開溶媒とするシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、淡黄色結晶3−メトキシ−4−(4−メトキシカルボニルベンゾイルアミノ)−ヨードベンゼン(6.4g,収率25%)を得た。
【0044】
この3−メトキシ−4−(4−メトキシカルボニルベンゾイルアミノ)−ヨードベンゼン(6.35g,15.4mmol)と、酢酸パラジウム(30mg,0.13mmol)及びトリエチルアミン(3.2mL,23.1mmol)をDMF(50mL)に溶解させ、外浴70℃で加温した中に、エチルアクリレート(1.8mL,17.0mmol)を滴下した。3時間ほど撹拌した後、反応液を希塩酸に空け、析出した結晶を濾別した。MeOHに分散し濾過して例示化合物(1−21)(5.2g,収率88%)を得た。
【0045】
上記で得られた結晶物を1H−NMR(CDCl3)解析により同定した結果を下記に示す。δ(in ppm from TMS);
8.69(s,1H)、8.59(d,1H)、8.19(d,2H)、7.97(d,2H)、7.66(d,1H)、7.22(d,1H)、7.09(s,1H)、6.40(d,2H)、4.30(q,2H)、3.99(s,3H)、3.97(s,3H)、1.37(t,3H)
【0046】
実施例1](例示化合物1−11の合成)
上記で得られた例示化合物(1−21)(5.2g,13.6mmol)をEtOHに分散させ、水酸化カリウム(3.0g/10mL,53.4mmol)を投入した。4時間ほど還流させた後、希塩酸に空け析出した結晶を濾別した。EtOAc−アセトニトリルに熱時分散させ、室温まで冷却後、濾別して淡黄色結晶の3−メトキシ−4−(4−カルボキシルベンゾイルアミノ)けい皮酸(4.0g,収率87%)を得た。
【0047】
3−メトキシ−4−(4−カルボキシルベンゾイルアミノ)けい皮酸(1.0g,2.9mmol)をTHF(20mL)に分散させ、DMFを数滴加えた。そこへ室温で塩化オキザリル(0.8mL,9.2mmol)を加え2時間ほど撹拌した。この反応液を濃縮し、再びTHF(20mL)を加え、4−ブトキシフェノール(1.0g,6.02mmol)を投入した。次いで氷冷下に、トリエチルアミン(1.2mL,8.64mmol)を滴下し1時間ほど撹拌した。この反応液を希塩酸へ空け、結晶を濾別した。得られた粗結晶をMeOHに分散し再び濾別した。この結晶物を酢酸エチルを展開溶媒とするシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、例示化合物(1−11)(1.1g,収率60%)を得た。
【0048】
1H−NMR(CDCl3)により同定した結果を下記に示す。δ(TMS);
8.72(s,1H)、8.60(d,1H)、8.34(d,2H)、8.05(d,2H)、7.30−6.90(m,10H)、6.60(d,1H)、4.05−3.95(m,4H)、4.00(s,3H)、1.84−1.70(m,4H)、1.60−1.40(m,4H)、1.05−0.95(m,6H)
この化合物(1−11)は、162℃で結晶から中間相に相転移し、180℃で等方性液体相へ相転移した。
【0049】
実施例2](相転移温度に与える影響)
下記の液晶性化合物(H)に、本発明の化合物(例示1−11)を添加した場合の、相転移温度(結晶相→中間相、中間相→等方性液体相)の変化を偏光顕微鏡にて観察し、その結果を下記の表1に示した。表より明らかなように、本発明の化合物を添加しても、液晶相上限温度(N−I転移温度)を低下させないことが分かった。
【0050】
【表1】
Figure 0004025123
【0051】
実施例3](色素の退色抑制効果)
下記に示すアゾ色素(I)を用いて、その溶液中での退色挙動を調べた。サンプルとしては、アゾ色素(I)のアセトニトリル溶液(0.026mM)と例示化合物(1−11)のDMSO溶液(0.15mM)及び下記「チヌビン343」(チバ・ガイギー(株)製の紫外線吸収剤)のアセトニトリル溶液(0.15mM)を用意して、アゾ色素(I)の溶液をUVセルに入れ、その前に例示化合物(1−11)又は「チヌビン343」の溶液を入れたセルを置いて、Xe光照射(500W)した(IRフィルター「IRA−25S」を取り付け、320nmより短波側はカット)。アゾ色素(I)の残存率をUVスペクトルにて追跡した(λmax426nm)結果を、下記の表2に示した。本発明の例示化合物(1−11)によりアゾ色素の退色が抑制されていることが分かった。
【0052】
【表2】
Figure 0004025123
【0053】
上記の結果より、本発明の一般式(I)で表される化合物を用いると、無添加或いは従来のUV吸収剤に比べ、共存する色素の退色を抑制する効果が大きいことが明らかになり、液晶組成物の基本特性には殆ど悪影響を与えず、その耐光性を改善できるものであることが分かった。また、本発明の化合物は、液晶組成物のみならず塗料や高分子組成物等に添加することにより、それらの耐光性改善のために用いても同様の効果が得られるものである。
【0054】
【発明の効果】
本発明の一般式(I)で表される新規な化合物は、有害な300〜400mμ付近の紫外線を良く吸収し、自身は異性化ないしは構造変化を起こさない性質を有し、紫外線吸収剤等として有効である。特に、本発明の化合物は平面的で板状の分子構造をなしているので、液晶組成物に添加した時、その液晶性(N−I転移温度等)を低下させることなく、液晶組成物の耐光性を大幅に改善することができ極めて有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a compound suitably used for an ultraviolet absorber and the like, more specifically, a novel compound which can be significantly improved in light resistance without impairing its liquid crystallinity by being added to a liquid crystal composition or the like, and a liquid crystal containing the same Relates to the composition.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Liquid crystal compositions are required to be stable against light, heat, air, and moisture, but satisfy various physical properties required for use as display elements, such as dielectric anisotropy and viscosity characteristics. At the same time, it is difficult to obtain a liquid crystal composition that is stable even in the environment of use, especially in applications where it is exposed to strong ultraviolet rays, such as when used outdoors, and the liquid crystal properties are not improved over time. This causes a decrease in performance such as deterioration or increase in current consumption.
[0003]
As a method for suppressing such functional degradation of the liquid crystal composition due to ultraviolet rays and the like, stabilization by addition of an ultraviolet absorber and application of an ultraviolet shielding film to the liquid crystal cell surface have been proposed. In ultraviolet absorbers having no non-liquid crystallinity or liquid crystal-like structure used in ordinary resins as described in Japanese Patent No. 85879, when added to a liquid crystal composition, the NI point (from a nematic liquid crystal phase, etc.) It was not satisfactory because it would lower the phase transition temperature to the isotropic liquid phase.
Also, the application of the ultraviolet shielding film is not preferable because the manufacturing process becomes complicated due to the increase in the number of members and the application process.
[0004]
As another method, use of a cyanoacrylate compound in a liquid crystal has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-291557, but this compound changes various properties of an added liquid crystal composition. To add to the liquid crystal composition, it is necessary to change the composition of the other liquid crystal components, which is not versatile.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-80851 describes the production of a broadband circularly polarized light reflector. The ultraviolet absorber used here is a benzotriazole-based compound, and the liquid crystal composition is the same as described above. It had the problem of reducing the NI point of the product.
[0005]
Under such circumstances, a novel ultraviolet absorber that exhibits good compatibility with the liquid crystal composition, can significantly improve the light resistance of the liquid crystal composition, and has little effect on the basic properties of the liquid crystal composition Development of was desired. In addition to liquid crystal compositions, it has also been desired to develop ultraviolet absorbers that can greatly improve their light resistance by being added to paints and various resin compositions.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to add a liquid crystal composition or the like to a novel UV absorber or the like that can greatly improve the light resistance of the liquid crystal composition and hardly affect the basic properties of the liquid crystal composition. It is to provide a compound.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above-mentioned present situation, the present inventors have made extensive investigations on novel compounds having a liquid crystal-like structure, exhibiting excellent compatibility with liquid crystal compositions, and not affecting the basic properties of liquid crystal compositions. The present inventors have found that a cinnamic acid derivative having a structure can achieve the above object, and have completed the present invention.
[0008]
<1> A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one liquid crystal compound and at least one compound represented by the following general formula (I) .
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0004025123
In [Formula (I), R 1 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, R 2 represents an alkyl group, R 3 to R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, R 6 is R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a cyano group, and R 8 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group . ]
<2> A compound represented by the following general formula (I):
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004025123
[In General Formula (I), R 1 represents an aryl group , R 2 represents an alkyl group, R 3 to R 5 represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group, R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, Represents an alkyl group, R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a cyano group, and R 8 represents an aryl group . ]
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(Compound represented by formula (I))
The compound represented by the following general formula (I) that constitutes the liquid crystal composition of the present invention together with the liquid crystal compound in the present invention will be described in detail.
The compound represented by the general formula (I) absorbs harmful ultraviolet rays in the vicinity of 300 to 400 mμ well and has the property that it does not cause isomerization or structural change, and thus is effective as an ultraviolet absorber. . In particular, since the molecular shape of the general formula (I) has a planar, rod-like or plate-like liquid crystal-like structure, even when added to a liquid crystal composition, its liquid crystallinity (for example, NI transition temperature) Therefore, the light resistance of the liquid crystal composition can be greatly improved, so that it is an extremely useful compound as an ultraviolet absorber.
[0010]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0004025123
[0011]
The alkyl group represented by R 1 may be unsubstituted or substituted with a substituent, and is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
As the substituent when substituted, for example, a halogen atom, an aryl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, and a hydroxyl group are preferable. Of these, a halogen atom and an alkoxy group are particularly preferable.
Specific examples of the alkyl group include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as a methyl group, a pentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group.
[0012]
The aryl group represented by R 1 may be unsubstituted or substituted with a substituent, and is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
As the substituent when it is substituted, for example, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, a carboxyl group, an acyloxy group, and a cyano group are preferable. Among these, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, a carboxyl group, and an acyloxy group are particularly preferable.
Specific examples of the aryl group include phenyl group, β-naphthyl group, 4-methylphenyl group, 4-vinylphenyl group, 4-butyloxyphenyl group, 4-benzoyloxyphenyl group and the like.
Of the groups represented by R 1 as described above, an aryl group is particularly preferable.
In the compound represented by the above general formula (I) of the present invention, R 1 represents an aryl group . The aryl group represented by R 1 has the same meaning as the above aryl group .
[0013]
The alkyl group represented by R 2 is the same as the alkyl group represented by R 1 described above, and preferred alkyl groups are also the same.
[0014]
The halogen atom represented by R 3 to R 5 is preferably a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, or a bromine atom, particularly preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
The alkyl group represented by R 3 to R 5 is the same as the alkyl group represented by R 1 described above, and preferred alkyl groups are also the same.
[0015]
The alkoxy group represented by R 3 to R 5 may be unsubstituted or substituted with a substituent, and is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. .
Examples of the substituent when substituted include a halogen atom, aryl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, alkoxy group, acyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyloxy group, cyano group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl Group is preferable, and among them, a halogen atom, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, and an alkoxycarbonyl group are particularly preferable.
Specific examples of the alkoxy group include unsubstituted alkoxy groups such as methoxy group and butyloxy group.
Of these groups represented by R 3 to R 5 , a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group is preferable, and a hydrogen atom is particularly preferable.
[0016]
The alkyl group represented by R 6 is the same as the alkyl group represented by R 1 described above, and preferred alkyl groups are also the same.
Of these groups represented by R 6 , a hydrogen atom is particularly preferable.
[0017]
The alkyl group represented by R 7 is the same as the alkyl group represented by R 1 described above, and preferred alkyl groups are also the same.
Of these groups represented by R 7 , a hydrogen atom or a cyano group is preferable, and a hydrogen atom is particularly preferable.
[0018]
The alkyl group represented by R 8 is the same as the alkyl group represented by R 1 described above, and preferred alkyl groups are also the same.
The aryl group represented by R 8 is the same as the aryl group represented by R 1 described above, and the preferred aryl groups are also the same.
From the viewpoint of not impairing liquid crystallinity among the groups represented by R 8 as described above, when R 1 represents an aryl group, R 8 preferably represents an alkyl group or an aryl group. When R 1 represents an alkyl group, R 8 preferably represents an aryl group. Furthermore, it is particularly preferable that R 1 and R 8 both represent an aryl group.
In the compound represented by the above general formula (I) of the present invention, R 8 represents an aryl group . The aryl group represented by R 8 has the same meaning as the aryl group represented by the aforementioned R 1.
[0019]
Moreover, the alkyl group and aryl group represented by R 1 and R 8 may be substituted with the following groups.
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004025123
[0020]
Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention are given below, but the present invention is not limited to these.
[0021]
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0004025123
[0022]
[Chemical 6]
Figure 0004025123
[0023]
[Chemical 7]
Figure 0004025123
[0024]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0004025123
[0025]
(Synthesis of General Formula (I) Compound)
Next, a method for synthesizing the compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention will be described.
The compound represented by the general formula (I) can be synthesized, for example, by the method shown in the following reaction formula (1).
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0004025123
Here, X represents a halogen atom, among which a bromine atom or an iodine atom is preferable, and an iodine atom is particularly preferable.
[0026]
That is, the compound of the general formula (I) can be synthesized by a coupling reaction between the compound (A) which is an aryl halide and the compound (B) which is an olefin.
In order to accelerate the reaction, the coupling reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a transition metal catalyst, a base, a solvent, and, if necessary, other additives. For details of the above coupling reaction, the method described in “Organic Reactions” <27>, 345 (1982) can be used.
[0027]
As the transition metal catalyst, a palladium catalyst and a nickel catalyst are preferable, and a palladium catalyst is particularly preferable.
The compound (A) can be synthesized by a Sandmeyer reaction from a corresponding 3-alkoxy-4-acylaminoaniline derivative. As the compound (B), a commercially available product or a compound synthesized by a known method can be used.
[0028]
Here, the substituent R 1 or R 8 in the obtained compound of the general formula (I) is converted into another substituent R 1 using a known functional group conversion method such as hydrolysis, esterification, or etherification. Alternatively, conversion to R 8 is also possible.
[0029]
In addition, after performing a coupling reaction with the following nitro compound (C) and the olefin compound (B) in the same manner as in the above reaction formula (1), the nitro group of the resulting compound (D) is reduced and acylated. By doing so, the compound of the general formula (I) can be synthesized.
Embedded image
Figure 0004025123
[0030]
Moreover, the compound of general formula (I) is compoundable by following formula (2)-formula (4).
Embedded image
Figure 0004025123
[0031]
That is, in the above formula (2), the compound (F) is obtained by the Kunafenergel reaction between the compound (E) and malonic acid, and the compound (F) is esterified to give the compound of the general formula (1) ( Here, R 7 = H) can be obtained.
In the above formula (3), the compound of the general formula (1) (here, R 7 = CN) can be obtained by the condensation reaction of the compound (E) and the cyanoacetate.
In the above formula (4), the compound of the general formula (1) can be obtained by the Wittig reaction between the compound (E) and the Wittig reagent.
Also in these cases, the functional group R 1 or R 8 in the obtained compound of the general formula (1) can be converted to another functional group R 1 or R 8 by known functional group conversion. .
[0032]
Moreover, after changing the said compound (E) into the following compound (G) and performing reaction of the said Formula (2)-the above Formula (4), reducing a nitro group, converting into an amino group and acylating The compound of general formula (1) can also be obtained.
Embedded image
Figure 0004025123
[0033]
(Liquid crystal composition)
The compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention is added to a liquid crystal composition containing at least one liquid crystalline compound as an ultraviolet absorber, and is effective in greatly improving the light resistance. To do.
As content of the compound represented by general formula (I) of this invention, 0.1-70 mass% of the total solid (mass) of a liquid-crystal composition is preferable, and 2-30 mass% is especially preferable.
As said liquid crystalline compound, the refractive index anisotropy ((DELTA) n) can be suitably selected from a liquid crystal compound, a polymeric liquid crystal compound, a polymeric liquid crystal compound, etc. of 0.10-0.40. For example, a smectic liquid crystal compound, a nematic liquid crystal compound, and the like can be given, and among them, a nematic liquid crystal compound is preferable. For example, a cholesteric liquid crystal composition (cholesteric liquid crystal phase) can be obtained by using the nematic liquid crystal compound as the liquid crystal compound and using an optically active compound in combination with the nematic liquid crystal compound.
This liquid crystalline compound can be aligned while it is in a liquid crystal state at the time of melting, for example, by using an alignment substrate that has been subjected to an alignment treatment such as a rubbing treatment. In the case where the liquid crystal state is fixed in a solid phase, means such as cooling or polymerization can be used.
[0034]
Specific examples of the liquid crystal compound include compounds described in WO95 / 22586, JP-A-2001-233837, JP-A-2001-64627, and JP-A-2000-281629. However, the present invention is not limited to these. An example of such a liquid crystal compound is shown below.
[0035]
Embedded image
Figure 0004025123
[0036]
Embedded image
Figure 0004025123
[0037]
Embedded image
Figure 0004025123
[0038]
In the above formula, n represents an integer of 1 to 1000.
In each of the above exemplary compounds, those in which the linking group of the aromatic ring is changed to the following structure can be cited as suitable as well.
[0039]
Embedded image
Figure 0004025123
[0040]
As content of a liquid crystalline compound, 30-99.9 mass% of the total solid (mass) of a liquid crystal composition is preferable, and 70-98 mass% is more preferable. When the content is less than 30% by mass, the alignment may be insufficient. In particular, in the case of a cholesteric liquid crystal, a desired selective reflection color may not be obtained.
[0041]
【Example】
The synthesis examples and application examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention will be specifically described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the examples, “parts” and “%” all represent “parts by mass” and “% by mass” unless otherwise specified.
[0042]
[ Synthesis Example 1 ] ( Synthesis of Exemplified Compound 1-21)
Terephthalic acid monomethyl ester (18.0 g, 99.9 mmol) was dissolved in THF (200 mL), and a few drops of DMF were added. Oxalyl chloride (19 mL, 0.12 mol) was added thereto at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for about 1 hour. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, dissolved again in THF (200 mL), and a solution of 4-nitro-2-methoxyaniline (16.8 g, 99.9 mmol) and triethylamine (19 mL, 0.14 mol) dissolved in THF was obtained. The solution was added dropwise under ice cooling. The resulting reaction solution was poured into dilute hydrochloric acid and filtered. Furthermore, the obtained crude crystals were dispersed in MeOH and filtered to obtain 3-methoxy-4- (4-methoxycarbonylbenzoylamino) -nitrobenzene (29.3 g, yield 88%).
[0043]
This 3-methoxy-4- (4-methoxycarbonylbenzoylamino) -nitrobenzene was dispersed in THF (300 mL), 10% Pd-C (50% wet, 6 g) was added, and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 7 hours under a hydrogen stream. . Pd—C was filtered off from the reaction solution, and the reaction solution was concentrated. The obtained crude crystals were dispersed in MeOH and filtered. Furthermore, the obtained aniline derivative was dispersed in EtOH (200 mL), and concentrated hydrochloric acid (16 mL) and an aqueous sodium nitrite solution (4.5 g / 50 mL, 65.2 mmol) were added under ice cooling. After stirring for 1 hour, the thriller-like reaction solution was dropped little by little into an aqueous potassium iodide solution (15.4 g / 200 mL, 92.7 mmol) heated to 70 ° C., and stirred for about 1 hour. The reaction solution is poured into water, and the crystals are separated by filtration, dispersed in ethyl acetate-MeOH, filtered, purified by silica gel chromatography using chloroform as a developing solvent, and pale yellow crystals 3-methoxy-4- (4-methoxy). Carbonylbenzoylamino) -iodobenzene (6.4 g, yield 25%) was obtained.
[0044]
The 3-methoxy-4- (4-methoxycarbonylbenzoylamino) -iodobenzene (6.35 g, 15.4 mmol), palladium acetate (30 mg, 0.13 mmol) and triethylamine (3.2 mL, 23.1 mmol) were added. Ethyl acrylate (1.8 mL, 17.0 mmol) was added dropwise to the solution dissolved in DMF (50 mL) and heated at an external bath of 70 ° C. After stirring for about 3 hours, the reaction solution was poured into dilute hydrochloric acid, and the precipitated crystals were separated by filtration. The product was dispersed in MeOH and filtered to obtain Exemplified Compound (1-21) (5.2 g, yield 88%).
[0045]
The results of identification of the crystalline product obtained above by 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 ) analysis are shown below. δ (in ppm from TMS);
8.69 (s, 1H), 8.59 (d, 1H), 8.19 (d, 2H), 7.97 (d, 2H), 7.66 (d, 1H), 7.22 (d , 1H), 7.09 (s, 1H), 6.40 (d, 2H), 4.30 (q, 2H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 1 .37 (t, 3H)
[0046]
[ Example 1 ] (Synthesis of Exemplified Compound 1-11)
The exemplary compound (1-21) (5.2 g, 13.6 mmol) obtained above was dispersed in EtOH, and potassium hydroxide (3.0 g / 10 mL, 53.4 mmol) was added. After refluxing for 4 hours, the precipitated crystals were separated by filtration in dilute hydrochloric acid. The mixture was dispersed in EtOAc-acetonitrile with heating, cooled to room temperature, and filtered to give 3-methoxy-4- (4-carboxylbenzoylamino) cinnamic acid (4.0 g, yield 87%) as pale yellow crystals.
[0047]
3-Methoxy-4- (4-carboxylbenzoylamino) cinnamic acid (1.0 g, 2.9 mmol) was dispersed in THF (20 mL), and a few drops of DMF were added. Oxalyl chloride (0.8 mL, 9.2 mmol) was added thereto at room temperature and stirred for about 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated, THF (20 mL) was added again, and 4-butoxyphenol (1.0 g, 6.02 mmol) was added. Next, triethylamine (1.2 mL, 8.64 mmol) was added dropwise under ice cooling, and the mixture was stirred for about 1 hour. The reaction solution was poured into dilute hydrochloric acid, and the crystals were separated by filtration. The obtained crude crystals were dispersed in MeOH and filtered again. The crystal was purified by silica gel column chromatography using ethyl acetate as a developing solvent to obtain Exemplary Compound (1-11) (1.1 g, yield 60%).
[0048]
The results identified by 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 ) are shown below. δ (TMS);
8.72 (s, 1H), 8.60 (d, 1H), 8.34 (d, 2H), 8.05 (d, 2H), 7.30-6.90 (m, 10H), 6 .60 (d, 1H), 4.05-3.95 (m, 4H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 1.84-1.70 (m, 4H), 1.60-1.40 (M, 4H), 1.05-0.95 (m, 6H)
This compound (1-11) transitioned from a crystal to an intermediate phase at 162 ° C., and then into an isotropic liquid phase at 180 ° C.
[0049]
[ Example 2 ] (Influence on phase transition temperature)
Changes in phase transition temperature (crystalline phase → intermediate phase, intermediate phase → isotropic liquid phase) when the compound of the present invention (Exemplary 1-11) is added to the following liquid crystalline compound (H) are shown in a polarizing microscope. The results are shown in Table 1 below. As is apparent from the table, it was found that even when the compound of the present invention was added, the liquid crystal phase upper limit temperature (NI transition temperature) was not lowered.
[0050]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004025123
[0051]
[ Example 3 ] (Dye fading suppression effect)
Using the following azo dye (I), the fading behavior in the solution was examined. As a sample, an acetonitrile solution (0.026 mM) of azo dye (I) and a DMSO solution (0.15 mM) of Exemplified Compound (1-11) and the following “Tinuvin 343” (UV absorption manufactured by Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd.) Agent) in acetonitrile solution (0.15 mM), put the azo dye (I) solution in the UV cell, and put the cell containing the exemplified compound (1-11) or “tinuvin 343” solution in front of it. Then, Xe light irradiation (500 W) was performed (an IR filter “IRA-25S” was attached, and the shorter wavelength side than 320 nm was cut). The results of tracking the residual ratio of the azo dye (I) in the UV spectrum (λmax 426 nm) are shown in Table 2 below. It turned out that fading of the azo dye is suppressed by the exemplified compound (1-11) of the present invention.
[0052]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004025123
[0053]
From the above results, it is clear that when the compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention is used, the effect of suppressing the fading of the coexisting dye is large compared to the additive-free or conventional UV absorber, It was found that the basic characteristics of the liquid crystal composition were hardly adversely affected and the light resistance could be improved. In addition, the compound of the present invention can provide the same effect even if it is used for improving light resistance by adding it to a paint, a polymer composition or the like as well as a liquid crystal composition.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
The novel compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention absorbs harmful ultraviolet rays well in the vicinity of 300 to 400 mμ and has the property that it does not cause isomerization or structural change. It is valid. In particular, since the compound of the present invention has a planar and plate-like molecular structure, when added to the liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal composition (NI transition temperature, etc.) does not decrease, and the liquid crystal composition does not deteriorate. The light resistance can be greatly improved, which is extremely useful.

Claims (2)

少なくとも1種の液晶性化合物と下記一般式(I)で表される化合物の少なくとも1種とを含む液晶組成物
Figure 0004025123
一般式(I)において、R 1 はアルキル基、アリール基を表し、R 2 はアルキル基を表し、R 3 〜R 5 は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基を表し、R 6 は水素原子、アルキル基を表し、R 7 は水素原子、アルキル基、シアノ基を表し、R 8 はアルキル基、アリール基を表す。〕
A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one liquid crystal compound and at least one compound represented by the following general formula (I) .
Figure 0004025123
In [Formula (I), R 1 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, R 2 represents an alkyl group, R 3 to R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, R 6 is R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a cyano group, and R 8 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group . ]
下記一般式(I)で表されることを特徴とする化合物
Figure 0004025123
〔一般式(I)において、 1 はアリール基を表し、R2はアルキル基を表し、R3〜R5は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基を表し、R6は水素原子、アルキル基を表し、R7は水素原子、アルキル基、シアノ基を表し、 8 はアリール基を表す。〕
A compound represented by the following general formula (I):
Figure 0004025123
[In General Formula (I), R 1 represents an aryl group , R 2 represents an alkyl group, R 3 to R 5 represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group, R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, Represents an alkyl group, R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a cyano group, and R 8 represents an aryl group . ]
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