JP4019008B2 - Gloss inspection apparatus and gloss inspection method for fruits and vegetables - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gloss inspection apparatus and a gloss inspection method for fruits and vegetables.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an agricultural product inspection apparatus for inspecting the quality of agricultural products by taking images of agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables with a camera has been used (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-4418
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in fruits and vegetables such as eggplants and tomatoes, the presence or absence of surface gloss is a major factor that affects the value of the product, but in conventional agricultural product inspection equipment, visible light or infrared light is used, and the surface condition of the fruits and vegetables Since it was difficult to detect the presence or absence of the gloss due to the color, the human eyes have inspected the surface of the fruits and vegetables one by one, and the inspection takes a lot of time. The judgment criteria varied depending on the person who performed the work, and it was extremely difficult to make a uniform judgment.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a gloss inspection apparatus and a gloss inspection method capable of quickly and uniformly inspecting the presence or absence of gloss of fruits and vegetables.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides at least one light source that irradiates fruits and vegetables with light in the ultraviolet region, and at least one ultraviolet camera that is sensitive to the light in the ultraviolet region and images the fruits and vegetables. And the portion of the image of fruits and vegetables captured by the ultraviolet camera that has a predetermined lightness gradation among the intermediate lightness gradations between the maximum lightness gradation and the minimum lightness gradation has no gloss. A processing analysis device for determining a portion , wherein the processing analysis device determines that the non-glossy fruit is present when the non-glossy portion exceeds a predetermined threshold. providing gloss inspection apparatus fruit or vegetable to be.
[0007]
In general, the skin of fruits and vegetables is glossy when the quality is good, and when the quality is low, the gloss is lost.
[0008]
Here, it is considered that the presence or absence of gloss can be detected by detecting the presence or absence of wrinkles because the fruits and vegetables lose their luster when fine wrinkles are formed on the epidermis.
[0009]
Therefore, when the surface of the fruits and vegetables is irradiated with light in the ultraviolet region, the light in the ultraviolet region is light with a short wavelength, and therefore when the surface of the fruits and vegetables is uneven, it is reflected so as to be confused in many directions.
[0010]
Therefore, when the surface of fruits and vegetables is irradiated with light in the ultraviolet region and the light reflected on the fruits and vegetables is imaged with an ultraviolet camera, it can be divided into regions where light is irregularly reflected and regions where light is not irregularly reflected. The region in which the light is irregularly reflected is included in the intermediate lightness gradation between the maximum lightness gradation and the minimum lightness gradation.
[0011]
From this, it is possible to determine a portion having a predetermined lightness gradation among the intermediate lightness gradations as a non-glossy part (blurred portion) from among the images of fruits and vegetables taken by the ultraviolet camera. become.
[0012]
It should be noted that it is only necessary to appropriately select which lightness gradation portion of the intermediate lightness gradation is to be a non-glossy portion (blurred portion) in consideration of measurement errors and the like.
[0013]
In addition, when the non-glossy part (blurred part ) determined in this way is present beyond a predetermined threshold, the fruit and vegetables can be determined to be non-glossy fruit and vegetables. It becomes like this. Further, when the area or the number of pixels of such a dull part (blurred part) exceeds a predetermined threshold, it can be determined that the fruit or fruit is dull.
[0014]
Here, it is desirable to use light having a wavelength of 300 to 440 nanometers as light in the ultraviolet region.
[0015]
This is because ultraviolet rays having a wavelength shorter than 300 nanometers are extremely harmful to a living body, such as damaging DNA.
[0016]
Further, the present invention comprises a first step of irradiating a light in the ultraviolet region to the fruit or vegetable, a second step of capturing an image of the fruits or vegetables with light of the ultraviolet region, which is captured by the second step A third step of determining a portion at a predetermined lightness gradation from the intermediate lightness gradation between the maximum lightness gradation and the minimum lightness gradation in the fruit and vegetable image as a non-glossy part; There is provided a method for inspecting the gloss of fruits and vegetables, comprising: a fourth step of determining that the non-glossy portion exceeds a predetermined threshold value .
[0017]
As described above, when the fruit and vegetables are irradiated with light in the ultraviolet region, which is a short wavelength, the surface of the fruit and vegetables is diffusely reflected, so by imaging with an ultraviolet camera, the wrinkled part has the maximum brightness. It is included in the intermediate lightness gradation between the gradation and the minimum lightness gradation, and from such intermediate lightness gradation, a portion at a predetermined lightness gradation is replaced with a non-glossy part ( It becomes possible to determine that it is a blurred portion. And when such a dull part (blurred part) exists exceeding a predetermined threshold value, it can be determined that the fruit and vegetables are dull.
[0018]
Further, when the area or the number of pixels of such a dull part (blurred part) exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it can be determined that the fruit or fruit is dull.
[0019]
Furthermore, it is desirable that the light in the ultraviolet region to be used is light having a wavelength of 300 to 440 nanometers.
[0020]
In addition, the present invention is directed to causing a computer to execute a process of irradiating the fruits and vegetables with ultraviolet light and determining whether the fruits or vegetables are glossy based on an image obtained by imaging the fruits and vegetables with the ultraviolet light. The program, which is executed by the computer, includes processing a portion at a predetermined lightness gradation from among the intermediate lightness gradations between the maximum lightness gradation and the minimum lightness gradation in the fruit image. A first process for determining a non-glossy part, and a second process for determining a non-glossy fruit when the non-glossy part exceeds a predetermined threshold. A program characterized by the above is provided.
[0021]
With such a program, it is possible to cause the computer to automatically perform a process for automatically determining whether or not the fruit or vegetable is glossy based on an image obtained by capturing the fruit or vegetable with light in the ultraviolet region. .
[0022]
Provided is a program for causing a computer to execute processing for determining non-glossy fruits and vegetables when the area or the number of pixels of a non-glossy portion (blurred portion) exceeds a predetermined threshold. It is also possible.
[0023]
Also in this case, it is desirable that an image is captured using light in the ultraviolet region with a wavelength of 300 to 440 nanometers.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gloss inspection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0025]
The gloss inspection apparatus 100 includes an ultraviolet illumination device 101, an ultraviolet camera 102, and a processing analysis device 103.
[0026]
The ultraviolet illuminating device 101 is formed by arranging a plurality of ultraviolet light emitting LEDs that irradiate light in the ultraviolet region having a wavelength of 300 to 400 nanometers on the insulator 104 to be inspected.
[0027]
In the present embodiment, the ultraviolet light emitting LED is used. However, the ultraviolet illuminating device 101 only needs to irradiate light in the ultraviolet region, and can be formed by a black light fluorescent lamp, for example.
[0028]
The ultraviolet camera 102 is a CCD camera that includes ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 300 to 400 nanometers in the sensitivity region, and adopts an electronic shutter system so that the insulator 104 conveyed by the conveyor 110 can be inspected online. Therefore, by providing a separate control device, the exposure timing for each conveyed insulator 104 is controlled by the timing signal from this control device, so that exposure is performed at an appropriate shutter speed and a still image is taken. You can also
[0029]
In addition, when the insulator 104 is inspected online, it is desirable to arrange a plurality of ultraviolet illumination devices 101 and ultraviolet cameras 102 so that the entire insulator 104 can be imaged.
[0030]
In order to obtain a clear image with the ultraviolet camera 102, it is desirable to perform imaging in a dark room or the like so that light other than the light emitted from the ultraviolet illumination device 101 does not enter.
[0031]
Data captured by the ultraviolet camera 102 is sent to the processing analysis apparatus 103 via the cable 105.
[0032]
The processing analysis apparatus 103 is composed of a personal computer, and draws data transmitted from the ultraviolet camera 102 in a gray scale of 16 gradations as shown in FIG. 2 based on the brightness.
[0033]
The gray scale of 16 gradations shown in FIG. 2 is arranged so that the brightness decreases as it is located on the left side, and the gradation on the leftmost side is the minimum brightness gradation, that is, black. The gradation on the rightmost side is the maximum brightness gradation, that is, white.
[0034]
Here, the image of the insulator 104 imaged by the ultraviolet camera 102 and converted into a 16-level gray scale image by the processing analysis device 103 is classified into the following three parts.
(1) A first portion with high brightness because the light from the ultraviolet illuminating device 101 is specularly reflected at the surface of the insulator 104 and the traveling direction of the reflected light coincides with the imaging direction of the ultraviolet camera 102.
(2) A second portion in which the surface of the insulator 104 is wrinkled and light from the ultraviolet illuminating device 101 is diffusely reflected and has an intermediate brightness gradation.
(3) Although light from the ultraviolet illuminating device 101 is specularly reflected at the surface where the surface of the insulator 104 is not wrinkled, the lightness is low because the direction of the reflected light does not coincide with the imaging direction of the ultraviolet camera 102 The third part.
[0035]
Then, in the lightness of 16 gradations in the gray scale of FIG. 2, the part in the gradation of the range A including the maximum lightness gradation is the first part, and the part of B not including the maximum lightness gradation and the minimum lightness gradation is included. The processing analysis apparatus 103 is set in advance so that the portion in the range gradation is determined as the second portion, and the portion in the range C including the minimum brightness gradation is determined as the third portion. In addition, by setting these portions to be displayed on the display 103a in different colors, as shown in FIG. 3, the first portion is the first region 106, and the second portion is An image in which the second area 107 and the third portion are color-coded as the third area 108 can be displayed on the display 103 a of the processing analysis apparatus 103.
[0036]
Here, as to which lightness gradation is to be included in the second region 107, it is timely in consideration of measurement errors, types of insulators with many wrinkles, seasons where wrinkles are likely to occur, etc. Design items that can be selected.
[0037]
In addition, the processing analysis apparatus 103 displays that the insulator 104 is not glossy when the second area 107 recognized as a non-glossy part (blurred part) exists beyond a certain threshold. The inspector can be notified by displaying the characters 103a on the 103a.
[0038]
This determination may be made based on whether the area or the number of pixels included in the second region 107 exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
[0039]
Further, when the insulator 104 is conveyed by the conveyor 110, it is determined that the second area 107 recognized as a non-glossy portion (blurred portion) exceeds a certain threshold value. It is also possible to select from shiny fruits and vegetables through appropriate means.
[0040]
In addition, the processing analysis apparatus 103 distinguishes the first area 106, the second area 107, and the third area 108 according to the lightness gradation, and determines the second area 107 as a non-glossy portion (blurred portion). ), The background of the insulator 104 is preferably a black or white screen 109 as shown in FIG.
[0041]
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the gloss inspection apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
[0042]
The insulator 104 is irradiated with light in the ultraviolet region by the ultraviolet illumination device 101, and an image of the insulator 104 is taken by the ultraviolet camera 102 (step 220).
[0043]
The captured data is transmitted to the processing analysis device 103, which converts it into a gray scale image (step 221), and in which region of the three regions is divided in advance based on the lightness gradation. Whether each gradation belongs is analyzed for each pixel (step 222).
[0044]
Further, the processing analysis apparatus 103 determines whether or not the area or the number of pixels included in the second region 107 exceeds a predetermined threshold (step 223). If the threshold is not exceeded, an image divided into three areas is displayed on the display 103a (step 224). If the threshold is exceeded, the image is divided into three areas. An image is displayed on the display 103a, and a character indicating that the object is dull is displayed on the display 103a (step 225).
[0045]
Note that the processing in the processing analysis apparatus 103 described above can also be executed by causing a computer to read a computer program describing such processing in a computer-readable language.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a gloss inspection apparatus and a gloss inspection method that can quickly and uniformly inspect the presence or absence of gloss of fruits and vegetables.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gloss inspection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a gray scale of 16 gradations.
FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating a display example of an image of an insulator that is color-coded into three regions.
4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the gloss inspection apparatus 100. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Gloss inspection apparatus 101 Ultraviolet illumination apparatus 102 Ultraviolet camera 103 Processing analysis apparatus 104 insulator 105 Cable 106 1st area | region 107 2nd area | region 108 3rd area | region 109 Screen

Claims (9)

At least one light source for irradiating fruits and vegetables with light in the ultraviolet region;
At least one ultraviolet camera that is sensitive to light in the ultraviolet region and captures images of the fruits and vegetables;
Among the images of the fruits and vegetables imaged by the ultraviolet camera, a portion having a predetermined lightness gradation among intermediate lightness gradations between the maximum lightness gradation and the minimum lightness gradation is a non-glossy part. A processing analysis device for determining;
Equipped with a,
The apparatus for inspecting the gloss of fruits and vegetables, wherein the processing analysis apparatus determines that the fruits have no gloss when the non-glossy portion exceeds a predetermined threshold value .   2. The processing analysis device according to claim 1, wherein when the area or the number of pixels of the non-glossy part exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the processing analysis apparatus determines that the fruit is non-glossy. Gloss inspection device.   The gloss inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light in the ultraviolet region is light having a wavelength of 300 to 440 nanometers. The first process of irradiating fruits and vegetables with UV light,
A second step of capturing an image of the fruits or vegetables with light of the ultraviolet region,
Of the image of the fruits and vegetables imaged in the second process, a portion having a predetermined lightness gradation from the intermediate lightness gradations between the maximum lightness gradation and the minimum lightness gradation is a non-glossy part A third process of determining
A fourth step of determining that the fruit is not glossy when the non-glossy part exceeds a predetermined threshold;
A gloss inspection method for fruits and vegetables. Wherein in the fourth process, according to claim area or the number of pixels having no the glossy portion when present beyond a predetermined threshold, and wherein the benzalkonium be determined that dull fruit or vegetable 4 The gloss inspection method described in 1.   6. The gloss inspection method according to claim 4, wherein the light in the ultraviolet region is light having a wavelength of 300 to 440 nanometers. A program for causing a computer to execute a process of irradiating the fruits and vegetables with light in the ultraviolet region and determining the presence or absence of gloss of the fruits and vegetables based on an image obtained by imaging the fruits and vegetables with the light in the ultraviolet region,
The processing to be executed by the computer is a non-glossy part of the image of fruits and vegetables that has a predetermined lightness gradation among intermediate lightness gradations between the maximum lightness gradation and the minimum lightness gradation. A first process for determining, and a second process for determining non-glossy fruits and vegetables when the non-glossy part exceeds a predetermined threshold value. . The second process is a process of determining non-glossy fruits and vegetables when the area or the number of pixels of the non-glossy part exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The program according to 7.   9. The program according to claim 7, wherein the light in the ultraviolet region is light having a wavelength of 300 to 440 nanometers.

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