JP4017479B2 - Brown rice bran and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Brown rice bran and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4017479B2
JP4017479B2 JP2002272042A JP2002272042A JP4017479B2 JP 4017479 B2 JP4017479 B2 JP 4017479B2 JP 2002272042 A JP2002272042 A JP 2002272042A JP 2002272042 A JP2002272042 A JP 2002272042A JP 4017479 B2 JP4017479 B2 JP 4017479B2
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brown rice
water
rice
koji
rice bran
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JP2004105085A (en
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吉男 峯田
敏明 黒木
彩 水口
弘道 青砥
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Fancl Corp
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Fancl Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、食味に優れた玄米餅及びその製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
玄米の糠層には、食物繊維、ビタミン、ミネラルなどの機能性成分が含まれる一方で、蓚酸が多く含まれるため渋味、えぐ味(またはアク)が強く、玄米餅は広く一般の人が常食する健康食としては浸透するにいたっていない。
えぐ味を低減するために、玄米を水に浸漬して膨潤させた後に蒸し、搗いて製餅する方法(特許文献1)が提案されている。しかし、この方法はえぐ味を低減することはできるが、えぐ味とともに玄米本来の香ばしさも失われてしまうという問題がある。また、玄米を水に混合して、pH2.5〜6.5の状態で3日以上保存する方法(特許文献2)が提案されている。しかし、この方法はえぐ味を低減することはできるが、処理に要する時間が3日以上と長時間酸性水に浸漬するため、風味が失われるという問題があった。
【0003】
催芽処理を施した玄米は催芽処理時にえぐ味の成分である蓚酸が流出する為、えぐ味を低減することが出来る。したがって、催芽処理を施した玄米を餅製造に使用する事で、餅の食味を改善することができる。しかし、催芽処理を施した玄米は、通常、含水量が30〜35%程度であり、含水量が高いため原料に供するには微生物制御の面からは好ましくない。最近、微生物の汚染を防ぐために、催芽処理を施した後、乾燥した玄米が知られている。しかし、玄米を催芽処理し、乾燥させた玄米は吸水性が非常に高く、得られる餅の水分を所望の値に制御することが難しいという問題があった。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平6−104045号公報
【特許文献2】
特開昭62−166855号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、得られる餅の水分を所望の値に容易に制御でき、且つ玄米餅の香ばしさ、食味を損なわずにえぐ味が低減された玄米餅を製造する方法を提供することである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは検討の結果、製餅時に一般的に使用されている閉鎖型蒸煮器を用いた場合には、得られる餅の水分制御は困難であるという結論に達した。そこでさらに検討し、開放状態で蒸煮することによりこれらの課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
即ち、本発明は以下のとおりである。
1.催芽処理した水分量が10〜20質量%の糯米玄米であって、硬度が18〜38kg、蓚酸量が15mg/100g未満である催芽処理した糯米玄米を吸水処理後、100〜115℃で、25〜35分間開放型蒸煮装置で蒸煮した後、搗くことを特徴とする玄米餅の製造法。
2.1.の製造法によって得られる、水分量が40〜50質量%であることを特徴とする玄米餅。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の玄米餅は、糯玄米を催芽処理後、乾燥したものを用いて製造することが好ましいが、必要に応じて粳玄米を催芽処理後、乾燥したものを混合して使用することもできる。粳米は、糯米100質量部に対して好ましくは400質量部以下混合することができる。
【0008】
玄米の催芽処理は、例えば次のような方法で実施できる。玄米を通常2乃至4回程洗米し、水切り後、発芽槽(催芽処理用タンク)に浸漬する。洗米に供する水は、水道水、蒸留水、井戸水、酸性水、電解食塩水、オゾンを溶存させた水、海洋深層水等の食品用に使用できる水であれば、いずれの使用も可能である。
【0009】
催芽処理用タンクの浸漬条件は、通常15乃至50℃の温水中に発芽するまで浸漬するか、あるいは例えば3乃至7時間程浸漬し、その後脱水を行い、間欠的に散水を行って、所定時間、高湿度の条件下で催芽処理する方法がある。使用する温水は、前記の洗米工程で例示した様な水が使用でき、食品用に使用できる水であれば、いずれも可能である。また、浸漬から催芽処理工程を液相中で実施する場合は、例えば、3乃至48時間、通常15乃至50℃の温水中に浸漬させ、発芽させる。
【0010】
催芽処理による発芽の程度は、一般的には胚の部分から0.5mm〜2.0mm程度の膨らみ、あるいは突起部、幼芽が確認できる程度の状態が良い。催芽処理後は、加熱処理して、発芽を停止させるが、その方法としては、蒸煮させても良いし、熱風あるいはマイクロウェーブ、冷却等の適当な方法により、温度処理あるいは乾燥させても良い。
催芽処理用タンクから玄米を排出して、蒸煮などの加熱処理後、水分量を10〜20%にするため、次の乾燥工程へ移行する。
【0011】
乾燥は、対流(熱風)乾燥法、放射乾燥法、伝導乾燥法、電磁波等による均一発熱法、真空乾燥法、凍結乾燥法等のいずれの方法をもっても行うことが可能である。また、所望の水分値に達するまでに、工程中にテンパリングを行うことで、仕上がりが美しく、砕米の発生をより低減させることが可能である。
乾燥は、玄米の水分量を10〜20%、好ましくは12〜18%になるようにする。水分量が10%未満である場合、玄米の粒に胴割れ、砕米が発生しやすくなるため、吸水にばらつきが生じ、餅の原料として使用した場合に餅の食感が低下する問題がある。一方、水分量が20%を超える場合、カビ、細菌などが発生しやすく、加工適性、保存性に問題が生じる。
【0012】
蓚酸量とは、高速液体クロマトグラフ法によって測定した値である。未処理の玄米の蓚酸量が20〜25mg/100gであるのに対して、催芽処理することにより、玄米中の蓚酸量は、15mg/100g未満に低減する。玄米中の蓚酸量が15mg/100g以上では、えぐ味が低減されず、好ましい食味の玄米餅が得られない。蓚酸の過剰摂取は、腎結石の誘因ともなることが示唆されており、健康指向の高い玄米餅として、常食する場合には、蓚酸量はより少ない方が好ましく、例えば5〜13mg/100gまで蓚酸量が低減するまで催芽処理することで、栄養価に優れ、且つ食味の良好な催芽処理玄米を得ることができる。
【0013】
また、硬度とは、Texture Analyser TA-XT2i (Stable Micro Systems社製)を用いて測定した値であり、常温で玄米1粒をサンプルとして、ステンレス製の円柱形状(直径5mm、高さ60mm)のプローブ(5mm Diameter Stainless Cylinder Probe, Stable Micro Systems社製)で破壊テストを行い、2mmの高さまで圧縮し(圧縮速度0.5mm/s)、米粒が破壊するまでの荷重の最大指示値とする。20粒の玄米を用いて繰り返し測定し、20回の平均値を硬度とする。催芽処理後、乾燥して得られる玄米の硬度は、通常、18〜38kgの範囲内にある。硬度が18kg未満である場合は、吸水処理に時間を要し、短時間の吸水では、製餅後の水分が40%未満となり、好ましい食感が得られない。
【0014】
前述の催芽処理後、乾燥した糯玄米は、例えば、以下のような方法で製餅する。具体的には催芽処理済の乾燥玄米を水研ぎし、水又は酸性に調整した水で通常の20〜60時間程度よりも短時間、好ましくは1〜4時間、より好ましくは1〜3時間吸水処理する。そうすることで、製餅して得られる玄米餅の水分は、所望の40〜50%となる。吸水処理時間が1時間未満では吸水が不充分であり、製餅して得られる餅の水分が40%未満となる可能性があり、玄米餅の食感、風味が低下することがある。また、4時間を超える場合では玄米が水分を吸水し過ぎて、製餅して得られる玄米餅の水分が50%より高くなる可能性があり、表面が溶け、滑りが出てくることがある。また、吸水処理時の温度は通常、15〜30℃で実施するが、吸水速度をさらに促進させるため、35〜40℃にまで加温することでも出来る。15℃未満では吸水速度が緩慢になり、吸水処理に時間を要する。一方、40℃を超えると吸水速度が大きく、吸水の制御が難しいだけではなく、玄米餅の食感、風味が低下する可能性がある。
【0015】
次に、吸水処理を行った玄米の水切りを、通常2〜30分間、好ましくは3〜10分間、さらに好ましくは4〜7分間行う。2分間未満では水切りが不充分となり餅の食感、風味が低下する可能性があり、30分間を超えると水切りを行っている間に吸水性の高い糯玄米が付着水を吸収してしまい、最終製品である餅の食感、風味が低下する可能性がある。水切り工程終了後は、直ちに蒸煮工程へ移行する。
【0016】
前記工程で得られた玄米を蒸煮装置にて高温蒸気で一定時間、蒸煮するが、本発明では開放状態で蒸煮する。そのため、蒸煮装置は開放型の蒸煮装置を用いる。蒸煮装置は、ふかし機、蒸煮機、蒸煮器、蒸し器、蒸篭等のことで、通常、製餅工程上では、ふかし機内部の空間が閉鎖されている縦型ふかし機が使用される。ふかし機内部の空間が閉鎖された閉鎖型蒸煮装置に対し、開放型蒸煮装置は、蒸気を開放された空間にある対象物に吐出し、蒸煮する構造になっている。例えば、蒸気がネットコンベアの下部等からから吹き出し、開放されている上部に吐出する構造である。通常、横型ふかし機といわれる。吸水性の高い催芽処理済の乾燥玄米を蒸煮する際には、通常の閉鎖型の蒸煮装置を使用した場合、餅生地が杵などの製造装置に付着し、製造効率を落す上に、製餅後の餅の含水量が所望の40〜50%よりも高くなり、餅自体が軟らかすぎて、食感、成形性が悪いという欠点がある。
【0017】
蒸煮処理の具体的な条件としては、例えば、吹き出す蒸気の圧力が0.05〜1.0kgf/cm2、好ましくは0.2〜0.8kgf/cm2で、98〜120℃、好ましくは100〜115℃の蒸気をネットコンベア下部から吹き出し、10〜40分間、好ましくは25〜35分間、蒸煮処理を行う。蒸煮処理時に吹き出す蒸気の圧力が0.05kgf/cm2、温度98℃未満又は蒸煮時間10分間未満では、製餅後の餅の含水量が所望の40〜50%よりも低くなり、餅の食感が低下する。また、蒸煮処理時に吹き出す蒸気の圧力が1.0kgf/cm2、温度120℃を超える場合、又は蒸煮時間40分間を超える場合も、製餅後の餅の含水量が所望の40〜50%よりも高くなり、最終製品である餅の食感が低下する。
【0018】
製餅は通常の方法と同様に、例えば、蒸煮処理を行った餅生地を、臼と杵のような餅つき装置、ねりだし機、ミキサーなどで製餅することができる。製餅する際に、粳米、ひえ、きび、粟、麦、くるみ、榧の実、栃、ごま、黒豆、蓬、紫蘇、海苔、干し柿、梅干、黒砂糖、縮緬雑魚、ピ−ナッツ等を入れることもできる。その後、低温で冷却して固め、適当な形、例えば丸形、角形などに断裁する。得られた断裁済みの餅は個包装し、通常は更にこれを脱酸素材あるいは不活性ガスとともに集積包装する。必要に応じて、包装前又は包装後に加熱処理を施して殺菌をしてもよい。この場合の加熱条件は通常110〜130℃で10〜40分である。
【0019】
以上のように、本発明の玄米餅は、餅の原料として催芽処理を施し、水分量が10〜20%にした玄米を使用し、製餅工程において短時間の吸水処理後、開放状態で蒸煮することにより、もちの水分を容易に制御することが可能である。
また、原料に供する催芽処理玄米の製造過程において、催芽処理時に蓚酸が流出し、玄米の香ばしさ、風味を損なわずにえぐ味を低減することが可能である。
【0020】
【実施例】
以下に本発明を実施例で詳細に説明する。
実施例1
原料糯玄米(ヒヨクモチ)を洗米機にて洗浄し、30℃の恒温水中で24時間浸漬し、催芽処理した。その後、蒸煮し、引き続き100℃の流動槽乾燥を行い、水分量が15%の催芽処理玄米を得た。
催芽処理玄米(水分量15%)90kgを水研ぎし、十分量の水に2時間吸水処理後、米をざるにあげ、5分間水を切った。水を切った米を開放型蒸煮器のネットコンベア上に供給し、吹出蒸気圧力0.5kgf/cm2、温度115℃の蒸気をコンベア下部より吹き出し、30分間蒸した後、自動餅つき機にて30回搗きあげた。搗きあがった餅は、平らにし、5℃の冷蔵庫で冷却して固めた後、切り分けたものを評価した。
【0021】
実施例2
実施例1と同様にして、水分量が15%の催芽処理玄米(ヒヨクモチ)を搗きあげ、平らにし、5℃の冷蔵庫で冷却して固めた後、切り分けた。切り分けたものは個包装し、開口部を熱シールした後、110℃で20分間加熱殺菌した。以下、実施例1と同様にして評価した。
【0022】
比較例1
催芽処理玄米90kgの代わりに原料として、未処理の糯玄米(ヒヨクモチ)90kgを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして餅を製造し、実施例1と同様にして評価した。
比較例2
実施例1の催芽処理玄米90kgの代わりに原料として糯玄米(ヒヨクモチ)90kgを用い、吸水処理時間を24時間とした以外は実施例1と同様にして餅を製造し、実施例1と同様にして評価した。
比較例3
水分量が15%の催芽処理玄米(ヒヨクモチ)90kgを原料として用い、閉鎖型蒸煮器にて蒸煮した以外は、実施例1と同様にして餅を製造し、実施例1と同様にして評価した。
比較例4
原料糯玄米(ヒヨクモチ)を洗米機にて洗浄し、30℃の恒温水中で24時間浸漬し、催芽処理した。その後、蒸煮処理し、室温になるまで放置し、チャック付ポリ袋で包装し、水分量32%の催芽処理玄米を得た。得られた催芽処理玄米(水分量32%)90kgを原料として用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして餅を製造し、実施例1と同様にして評価した。
【0023】
評価は以下のようにして行った。
玄米の蓚酸量については、高速液体クロマトグラフ法を用いて定量した。
玄米の硬度については、Texture Analyser TA-XT2i(Stable Micro Systems社製)を用いて前記のように測定した。
蒸煮後の含水量は、常圧加熱乾燥法(135℃、3時間)にて測定した。
餅の評価は次のようにして行った。餅をそれぞれオーブントースターで数分間焼き、食味を調べた。餅の仕上がりについて観察し、パネラー9名(20代〜30代)を対象に官能試験を行った。
【0024】
食感については、以下のように評価した。
○:良好と答えたパネラーが6名以上
△:良好と答えたパネラーが3〜5名
×:良好と答えたパネラーが0〜2名
【0025】
食味については、以下のように評価した。
○:美味しいと答えたパネラーが6名以上
△:美味しいと答えたパネラー3〜5名
×:美味しいと答えたパネラーが0〜2名
【0026】
香りについては、以下のように評価した。
○:香ばしいと答えたパネラーが6名以上
△:香ばしいと答えたパネラー3〜5名
×:香ばしいと答えたパネラーが0〜2名
結果は表1に示した。
【0027】
【表1】

Figure 0004017479
【0028】
【発明の効果】
表1に示すように、比較例1の糯玄米を用いた餅は粒のままで餅状にならず、食感、食味が劣り、香ばしさに欠ける。また、比較例2では、比較例1より食感、食味の面で改善されるが、糯米を長時間浸水させるため、異臭がする。催芽処理後、乾燥した糯玄米を原料としているが、閉鎖型蒸煮装置を用いた後製餅した比較例3では、食味の面では改善されるが、餅の水分量が高く、食感がだれる感じとなる。玄米を催芽処理しているものの、未乾燥の玄米を原料とする比較例4では、異臭がする。
これに対して、催芽処理し、水分量が10〜20質量%、固さが18〜38kg、蓚酸量が15mg/100g未満である玄米を短時間の吸水処理後、開放型蒸煮装置にて蒸煮し、搗き、製餅することにより得られた実施例1〜2は、食感、食味、香りともに問題ない。
本発明により、製造において水分を容易に制御し、且つ玄米餅の香ばしさ、食味を損なわずにえぐ味を低減した玄米餅の製造方法を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a brown rice bran excellent in taste and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The brown rice bran layer contains functional ingredients such as dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, while it contains a lot of succinic acid, so it has a strong astringent taste and gummy taste (or ak). It has not yet penetrated as a healthy food for regular consumption.
In order to reduce the savory taste, a method has been proposed (Patent Document 1) in which brown rice is dipped in water to swell and then steamed and then sprinkled. However, although this method can reduce the savory taste, there is a problem that the original flavor of brown rice is lost along with the savory taste. Moreover, the method (patent document 2) which mixes brown rice with water and preserve | saves it for 3 days or more in the state of pH 2.5-6.5 is proposed. However, although this method can reduce the savory taste, there is a problem in that the flavor is lost because the time required for the treatment is immersed in acidic water for a long time of 3 days or longer.
[0003]
Brown rice that has undergone sprouting treatment can reduce the savory taste because oxalic acid, which is a component of the savory taste, flows out during the sprouting process. Therefore, the taste of koji can be improved by using brown rice subjected to sprouting treatment for koji production. However, brown rice that has undergone sprouting treatment usually has a water content of about 30 to 35%, and since it has a high water content, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of microorganism control to be used as a raw material. Recently, in order to prevent contamination of microorganisms, dried brown rice is known after sprouting treatment. However, brown rice that has been subjected to sprouting treatment and dried has extremely high water absorption, and there is a problem that it is difficult to control the water content of the obtained koji to a desired value.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-104045 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-166855
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a brown rice bran that can easily control the water content of the obtained rice bran to a desired value and has a reduced flavor without sacrificing the flavor and taste of the brown rice bran. is there.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of the study, the inventors have come to the conclusion that it is difficult to control the water content of the obtained koji when using a closed-type steamer generally used for koji making. Therefore, further investigation was made, and it was found that these problems can be solved by steaming in an open state, and the present invention has been achieved.
That is, the present invention is as follows.
1. Sprouted brown rice with a moisture content of 10 to 20% by mass, water absorption of the germinated brown rice with a hardness of 18 to 38 kg and a succinic acid content of less than 15 mg / 100 g, and 100 to 115 ° C., 25 A method for producing brown rice bran, characterized in that it is cooked in an open steaming apparatus for 35 minutes .
2. 1. A brown rice bran characterized by having a water content of 40 to 50% by mass obtained by the production method.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The brown rice bran of the present invention is preferably produced by using dried rice after sprouting treatment, but if necessary, the dried brown rice can also be mixed and used. . The sticky rice can be mixed preferably with 400 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the sticky rice.
[0008]
The germination treatment of brown rice can be performed, for example, by the following method. The brown rice is usually washed 2 to 4 times, drained, and then immersed in a germination tank (a germination treatment tank). Any water can be used as long as it can be used for food such as tap water, distilled water, well water, acidic water, electrolytic saline, water in which ozone is dissolved, and deep sea water. .
[0009]
The soaking condition of the sprouting tank is usually immersed in warm water of 15 to 50 ° C. until it germinates or, for example, immersed for 3 to 7 hours, then dehydrated, intermittently watered, and predetermined time There is a method of germination treatment under high humidity conditions. As the warm water to be used, water as exemplified in the above-mentioned rice washing process can be used, and any water can be used as long as it can be used for food. Moreover, when implementing a germination process process in a liquid phase from immersion, it is immersed in warm water of 15 to 50 degreeC normally for 3 to 48 hours, and is germinated.
[0010]
The degree of germination by the sprouting treatment is generally in a state where bulges of about 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm from the embryo part, or a state where protrusions and buds can be confirmed. After the sprouting treatment, heat treatment is performed to stop germination. As the method, steaming may be performed, or temperature treatment or drying may be performed by an appropriate method such as hot air, microwave, or cooling.
The brown rice is discharged from the sprouting tank, and after the heat treatment such as steaming, the process proceeds to the next drying step in order to make the moisture content 10 to 20%.
[0011]
Drying can be performed by any method such as a convection (hot air) drying method, a radiation drying method, a conductive drying method, a uniform heat generation method using electromagnetic waves, a vacuum drying method, a freeze drying method, or the like. Further, by performing tempering during the process until the desired moisture value is reached, the finish is beautiful and the generation of broken rice can be further reduced.
Drying is performed so that the moisture content of the brown rice is 10 to 20%, preferably 12 to 18%. When the water content is less than 10%, the cracked rice grains and broken rice are likely to occur in the grain of brown rice, resulting in variations in water absorption and a problem that the texture of the koji is lowered when used as a koji raw material. On the other hand, when the amount of water exceeds 20%, mold, bacteria, etc. are likely to be generated, which causes problems in processability and storage stability.
[0012]
The amount of oxalic acid is a value measured by high performance liquid chromatography. While the amount of succinic acid in untreated brown rice is 20 to 25 mg / 100 g, the amount of succinic acid in brown rice is reduced to less than 15 mg / 100 g by sprouting. If the amount of oxalic acid in the brown rice is 15 mg / 100 g or more, the gummy taste is not reduced, and a brown rice bran having a preferable taste cannot be obtained. It has been suggested that excessive intake of oxalic acid can also induce renal stones, and as a highly healthy brown rice bran, when consuming regular meals, the amount of oxalic acid is preferably lower, for example, oxalic acid up to 5 to 13 mg / 100 g. By sprouting until the amount is reduced, sprouting-treated brown rice having excellent nutritional value and good taste can be obtained.
[0013]
Further, the hardness is a value measured using Texture Analyzer TA-XT2i (manufactured by Stable Micro Systems), and is a stainless steel cylindrical shape (diameter 5 mm, height 60 mm) using one grain of brown rice as a sample at room temperature. A fracture test is performed with a probe (5 mm Diameter Stainless Cylinder Probe, manufactured by Stable Micro Systems), and the sample is compressed to a height of 2 mm (compression speed 0.5 mm / s), and the maximum indicated value of the load until the rice grain breaks is obtained. The measurement is repeated using 20 grains of brown rice, and the average value of 20 times is taken as the hardness. The hardness of brown rice obtained by drying after the germination treatment is usually in the range of 18 to 38 kg. When the hardness is less than 18 kg, it takes time for the water absorption treatment, and with a short time of water absorption, the moisture after the iron making becomes less than 40%, and a preferable texture cannot be obtained.
[0014]
After the sprouting treatment, the dried brown rice is kneaded by the following method, for example. Specifically, the dried brown rice that has undergone sprouting is water-polished, and water or water adjusted to acidity is used for a short time, usually 1 to 4 hours, and more preferably 1 to 3 hours. To process. By doing so, the water | moisture content of the brown rice bran obtained by koji making becomes desired 40-50%. If the water absorption treatment time is less than 1 hour, the water absorption is insufficient, the moisture of the koji obtained by koji making may be less than 40%, and the texture and flavor of the brown rice koji may be lowered. In addition, when the time exceeds 4 hours, the brown rice absorbs too much moisture, and the moisture of the brown rice bran obtained by koji making may be higher than 50%, the surface may melt and slipping may occur. . Moreover, although the temperature at the time of a water absorption process is normally implemented at 15-30 degreeC, in order to further accelerate a water absorption speed | velocity | rate, it can also be heated to 35-40 degreeC. If it is less than 15 degreeC, a water absorption speed will become slow and will require time for a water absorption process. On the other hand, when it exceeds 40 ° C., the water absorption rate is large, and it is not only difficult to control the water absorption, but also the texture and flavor of the brown rice bran may be lowered.
[0015]
Next, the brown rice subjected to the water absorption treatment is drained usually for 2 to 30 minutes, preferably 3 to 10 minutes, and more preferably 4 to 7 minutes. If it is less than 2 minutes, draining will be insufficient and the texture and flavor of the koji may be reduced, and if it exceeds 30 minutes, the water-absorbing brown rice will absorb adhering water while draining. There is a possibility that the texture and flavor of the final product, candy, may be reduced. Immediately after completion of the draining process, the process proceeds to the steaming process.
[0016]
Although the brown rice obtained at the said process is cooked with high temperature steam for a fixed time with a steaming apparatus, in this invention, it is steamed in an open state. Therefore, an open-type steaming device is used as the steaming device. The steaming apparatus is a blower, a steamer, a steamer, a steamer, a steamer, or the like, and a vertical warper in which the space inside the whisker is closed is usually used in the koji making process. In contrast to the closed-type steaming device in which the space inside the blower is closed, the open-type steaming device has a structure in which steam is discharged to an object in the open space and steamed. For example, steam is blown from the lower part of the net conveyor and discharged to the open upper part. It is usually called a horizontal blower. When steaming dried germinated rice with high water absorption, when using a normal closed-type steaming device, the koji dough will adhere to the manufacturing equipment such as koji and reduce the production efficiency. The water content of the later koji is higher than the desired 40 to 50%, and the koji itself is too soft, resulting in poor texture and moldability.
[0017]
Specific conditions for steaming, for example, 0.05~1.0kgf / cm 2 pressure of the steam is blown out, preferably 0.2~0.8kgf / cm 2, 98~120 ℃, preferably 100 Steam at ˜115 ° C. is blown out from the lower part of the net conveyor, and steaming is performed for 10 to 40 minutes, preferably 25 to 35 minutes. If the pressure of the steam blown out during the cooking process is 0.05 kgf / cm 2 , the temperature is less than 98 ° C. or the cooking time is less than 10 minutes, the moisture content of the koji after the koji making becomes lower than the desired 40-50%, The feeling decreases. Moreover, when the pressure of the steam blown out during the steaming process exceeds 1.0 kgf / cm 2 and the temperature exceeds 120 ° C., or when the steaming time exceeds 40 minutes, the water content of the koji after koji making is more than the desired 40-50%. And the texture of the final product, koji, decreases.
[0018]
In the same manner as in the ordinary method, for example, the koji dough that has been steamed can be kneaded using a kneading device such as a mortar and a koji, a kneader, a mixer, or the like. When making the koji, add rice, millet, acne, rice cake, wheat, walnut, rice cake, tochi, sesame, black bean, rice cake, shiso, seaweed, dried rice cake, plum dried fish, brown sugar, shredded fish, peanuts, etc. You can also. Thereafter, it is cooled and hardened at a low temperature, and cut into a suitable shape such as a round shape or a square shape. The obtained cut bags are individually packaged, and usually are further packaged together with a deoxidizing material or an inert gas. As needed, you may sterilize by heat-processing before packaging or after packaging. The heating conditions in this case are usually 110 to 130 ° C. and 10 to 40 minutes.
[0019]
As described above, the brown rice bran of the present invention is subjected to sprouting treatment as a raw material of the bran and uses brown rice having a moisture content of 10 to 20%. After a short water absorption treatment in the koji making process, the brown rice bran is cooked in an open state. By doing so, it is possible to easily control the moisture of the rice cake.
In addition, in the process of producing the sprouting-treated brown rice used as a raw material, succinic acid flows out during the sprouting process, and it is possible to reduce the savory taste without impairing the flavor and flavor of the brown rice.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Raw raw brown rice was washed with a rice washer and immersed in constant temperature water at 30 ° C. for 24 hours for germination treatment. Then, it was steamed and subsequently dried in a fluidized tank at 100 ° C. to obtain a germinated brown rice having a moisture content of 15%.
The sprouting-treated brown rice (water content 15%) 90 kg was water-polished, water-absorbed in a sufficient amount of water for 2 hours. Drained rice is supplied onto the net conveyor of the open-type steamer, and steam with a blowing steam pressure of 0.5 kgf / cm 2 and a temperature of 115 ° C is blown out from the bottom of the conveyor and steamed for 30 minutes. I threw it 30 times. The fired rice cake was flattened, cooled and hardened in a refrigerator at 5 ° C., and then cut and evaluated.
[0021]
Example 2
In the same manner as in Example 1, sprouted brown rice having a moisture content of 15% was sown, flattened, cooled and hardened in a refrigerator at 5 ° C., and then cut. The cut pieces were individually packaged, the openings were heat sealed, and then heat sterilized at 110 ° C. for 20 minutes. The evaluation was made in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0022]
Comparative Example 1
Rice bran was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 90 kg of untreated brown rice (hyokumochi) was used as a raw material instead of 90 kg of germinated brown rice, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
Comparative Example 2
Instead of 90 kg of germinated brown rice in Example 1, 90 kg of brown brown rice was used as a raw material and the water absorption time was 24 hours. And evaluated.
Comparative Example 3
A rice bran was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 90 kg of budding treated brown rice (chicken rice) having a moisture content of 15% was used as a raw material and steamed in a closed-type steamer, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. .
Comparative Example 4
Raw raw brown rice was washed with a rice washer and immersed in constant temperature water at 30 ° C. for 24 hours for germination treatment. Then, it was steamed, allowed to stand until it reached room temperature, and packed in a plastic bag with a chuck to obtain a germinated brown rice having a moisture content of 32%. Rice bran was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 90 kg of the budding-treated brown rice (water content 32%) obtained was used as a raw material, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0023]
Evaluation was performed as follows.
The amount of oxalic acid in brown rice was quantified using a high performance liquid chromatographic method.
About the hardness of the brown rice, it measured as mentioned above using Texture Analyzer TA-XT2i (made by Stable Micro Systems).
The water content after cooking was measured by a normal pressure heating drying method (135 ° C., 3 hours).
Evaluation of cocoon was performed as follows. Each bowl was baked for several minutes in an oven toaster and examined for taste. The finish of the candy was observed, and a sensory test was conducted on nine panelists (20's to 30's).
[0024]
The texture was evaluated as follows.
○: 6 or more panelists who answered good Δ: 3 to 5 panelists who answered good ×: 0 to 2 panelists who answered good
The taste was evaluated as follows.
○: 6 or more panelists answered that it was delicious △: 3 to 5 panelists answered that it was delicious ×: 0 to 2 panelists answered that it was delicious [0026]
The fragrance was evaluated as follows.
○: 6 or more panelists who answered that it was fragrant Δ: 3 to 5 panelists who responded that it was fragrant ×: 0 to 2 panelists who responded that it was fragrant The results are shown in Table 1.
[0027]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004017479
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As shown in Table 1, the rice bran using the rice bran of Comparative Example 1 does not become a cocoon in the form of grains, is inferior in texture and taste, and lacks aroma. Moreover, in Comparative Example 2, the texture and taste are improved compared to Comparative Example 1, but the glutinous rice is submerged for a long time, so it has a strange odor. After the sprouting treatment, dried rice bran is used as a raw material, but in Comparative Example 3 that was koji made using a closed-type steaming device, the taste was improved, but the moisture content of koji was high and the texture was good. It feels like Although brown rice is sprouting, in Comparative Example 4 using undried brown rice as a raw material, there is a strange odor.
On the other hand, germination treatment was performed, and brown rice having a moisture content of 10 to 20% by mass, a hardness of 18 to 38 kg, and an oxalic acid amount of less than 15 mg / 100 g was steamed in an open-type steaming device after a short water absorption treatment. However, Examples 1 and 2 obtained by sowing and making steel have no problems with texture, taste and aroma.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing brown rice bran in which moisture is easily controlled in production, and the flavor and taste of brown rice bran are reduced without sacrificing taste.

Claims (2)

催芽処理した水分量が10〜20質量%の糯米玄米であって、硬度が18〜38kg、蓚酸量が15mg/100g未満である催芽処理した糯米玄米を吸水処理後、100〜115℃で、25〜35分間開放型蒸煮装置で蒸煮した後、搗くことを特徴とする玄米餅の製造法。 Sprouted brown rice with a moisture content of 10 to 20% by mass, water absorption of the germinated brown rice with a hardness of 18 to 38 kg and a succinic acid content of less than 15 mg / 100 g, and 100 to 115 ° C., 25 A method for producing brown rice bran, characterized in that it is cooked in an open steaming apparatus for 35 minutes . 請求項1記載の製造法によって得られる、水分量が40〜50質量%であることを特徴とする玄米餅。A brown rice bran obtained by the production method according to claim 1 , wherein the water content is 40 to 50% by mass.
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