JP4016988B2 - Air heat source heat pump air conditioner for agricultural industry - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner for agricultural industries such as cultivation rooms, warehouses and factories.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-147791 discloses an integrated heat pump air conditioner of an air heat source that can be switched to various patterns of operation such as return air circulation air conditioning, air conditioning while ventilating, outside air cooling or outside air heating only by ventilation. In this air conditioner, the outside air and return air sent to the air supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger are controlled by a damper to switch the operation to various patterns. In this operation, the return air and the outside air always pass through the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger.

JP 2002-147791 A

  When the air conditioner with such a structure is used for forced cultivation that performs air conditioning for 24 hours, it is necessary to artificially change the temperature and humidity in the cultivation room several times a day regardless of the daily climate change. Therefore, the number and time of performing outdoor air cooling or outdoor air heating only by ventilation without moving the heat pump inevitably increases. However, since return air always passes through the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger having a large air resistance that does not need to pass even during ventilation, there is a problem that a load is applied to the blower and the power cost is increased. In addition, since this air conditioner connects the casing and the air-conditioned space with a duct to supply and exhaust air, etc., there is a problem that the equipment cost increases due to the construction of the duct. Furthermore, since the casing is horizontally long, a large installation area is required, which increases the cost. Therefore, an air conditioner that can be easily installed without a duct, is compact, does not incur equipment costs, has no temperature unevenness, is easy to maintain and controls the air flow, can recover heat, and is low in noise is provided.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention forms a casing in a flat shape in the front and back directions, and forms an air inlet at the front upper end of the casing and an exhaust outlet at the upper upper end of the casing. Forming a return air intake at the lower end of the front side of the casing, forming a first outside air intake at the lower end of one side of the casing, and forming a second outside air intake at the lower end of the other side, A heat source side communicating with the air supply side, the return air intake port, and the first outside air intake port, respectively, and an exhaust port, the return air intake port, and the second outside air intake port. And an air supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger provided in the air supply side air passage, and a heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger and a heat source side air blower are connected to the heat source. Provided in the side air passage, on the windward side of the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger, the second outside A second return air damper disposed between the intake port and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger to control the amount of return air from the return air intake port to the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger; The heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger is disposed on the lee side between the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger and the heat source side blower to bypass the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger and return the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger. The most important feature is that a third return air damper for controlling the amount of return air flow from the intake port to the exhaust port is provided.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, various patterns of operation such as circulation air conditioning, ventilation circulation air conditioning, and ventilation (outside air cooling, outside air heating) can be performed on the air-conditioned space for the agricultural industry. Ventilation operation without moving the heat pump allows exhaust without passing through the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger, reducing the load on the heat source side blower and reducing power costs, especially in the agricultural industry where ventilation operation increases. Can be obtained. Moreover, in the ventilation and circulation operation in which the outside air and the return air are mixed and air-conditioned, heat can be recovered with the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger, which saves energy, and the air volume mixing ratio adjustment of the outside air and the return air can be adjusted only by the second return air damper. This makes it very easy to control. The air-conditioned space can be air-conditioned simply by fitting the air supply and return air inlets to the vertical wall vents in the cultivation room, warehouse, factory, etc., eliminating the need for ducts and reducing equipment costs it can. Since the casing is vertical and thin in the front and back directions, the installation area is small, and it does not protrude out of the wall and does not get in the way. Since air is sucked in from the bottom and blown out from the top, the air flow distribution is improved and temperature control unevenness can be prevented. Since outside air is taken in from both sides of the casing, maintenance can be easily performed from the back side.
According to the invention of claim 2, since the upper end portion of the air supply side air passage is bent and expanded in diameter so as to cover the inclined upper end partition surface of the heat source side air passage, the sound reduction effect due to reflection attenuation is improved, and The portions of the air supply port and the exhaust port can be made compact without being bulky, and the blowout range can be widened. The air can be smoothly exhausted along the inclined upper partition surface of the heat source side air passage so that the pressure loss can be reduced.
According to the invention of claim 3, since the pressure loss of the supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger is reduced and the heat exchange efficiency is improved, a small blower can be used and the noise is reduced. Reduction can be achieved. The supply-side refrigerant-air heat exchanger and the heat source-side refrigerant-air heat exchanger can also be miniaturized, and the air conditioner can be made compact.

  FIGS. 1-5 has shown one Example of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner for agricultural industries of this invention, and the solid line and the dotted white arrow show the ventilation direction. This air conditioner includes a casing 1 and a heat pump C. The casing 1 is formed in a flat shape in the front and rear directions, and the air supply port 2 is formed at the front upper end of the casing 1 and the rear upper end. The exhaust port 3 is formed in each part, the return air intake 4 is formed in the lower end on the front side of the casing 1, the first outside air intake 5 is formed in the lower end on one side of the casing 1, and the lower end on the other side The second outside air intakes 6 are respectively formed in The air supply port 2 is returned from the air-conditioned space so that the air can be blown into the air-conditioned space at the upper and lower vents formed in the vertical wall of the air-conditioned space such as a cultivation room, a warehouse, or a factory. The return air intakes 4 are respectively arranged so as to be freely entrapped, and the casing 1 is installed on the outer surface of the vertical wall with its front face facing (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The air supply side air passage A, which communicates with the air supply port 2, the return air intake 4, and the first outside air intake 5, and the exhaust port 3, the return air intake 4, and the second outside air intake 6, respectively. And the heat source side air passage B to be erected in parallel in the casing 1. In the air supply side air passage A, an air supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 through which the outside air from the first outside air intake 5 and the return air from the return air intake 4 are selectively ventilated, and a humidifier are provided. 16 and an air supply side blower 9 capable of controlling the air volume, and the heat source side air passage B is selectively ventilated with outside air from the second outside air intake 6 and return air from the return air inlet 4. A heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 and a suction type heat source side blower 10 capable of controlling the air volume are provided.

  The casing 1 is arranged on the windward side of the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 and between the second outside air intake 6 and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8, and from the return air intake 4 to the heat source. A second return air damper 15 that controls the amount of return air flow to the side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8, and the lee side of the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 that is the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 and heat source. A third return air damper 17 disposed between the side air blower 10 and bypassing the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 and controlling the amount of return air from the return air intake 4 to the exhaust port 3; An outside air damper 13 that controls the amount of outside air from the outside air intake 5 to the supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 and a amount of return air that flows from the return air intake 4 to the supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 are controlled. The first return air damper 14 is provided, and air volume control is performed by various operation control devices and the like. Each of the dampers 13, 14, 15, and 17 may have any structure in which only the full-close / full-open switching is performed or the arbitrary air volume can be varied. The dampers 14, 17, and 15 are arranged side by side at the lower end on the front side of the casing 1, and a single return air intake 4 is provided across these, the air supply side air passage A and the heat source side air passage B, and the structure is simplified. However, the return air intake 4 is provided separately for each of the dampers 14, 17, and 15, or separately for the air supply side air passage A and the heat source side air passage B. Also good. The heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 is arranged so that its air inlet / outlet surface is substantially parallel to the air flow direction from the third return air damper 17 to the heat source side blower 10, and the second return air damper 15 is closed and When the third return air damper 17 is closed, the outside air flows through the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 (see FIG. 6A), and when the second return air damper 15 is open and the third return air damper 17 is closed, The outside air flows through the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 (see FIG. 6B), and the return air is the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger when the second return air damper 15 is closed and the third return air damper 17 is open. 8 is bypassed so that the outside air does not flow to the heat-source-side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 (see FIG. 6C), and the ventilation switching and the air volume adjustment of the outside air and the return air are performed.

  The upper end partitioning surface 12 of the heat source side air passage B is inclined downward from the back side toward the front side, and the space formed by the upper end partitioning surface 12 and the inner surface of the casing 1 is used as the air supply side air passage A. The exhaust port 3 is formed in the shape of a bowl that blows obliquely downward or downward, eliminating the need for snow cover. The back surface of the casing 1 is formed of a maintenance exterior plate that can be attached or detached and opened and closed, so that the inside can be easily maintained from the back side without any obstacles. The exhaust port 3 and the air supply port 2 can be freely changed to shapes other than those shown in the figure. For example, the air supply port 3 may be locally blown out as a pan culver.

  The heat pump C repeats the process sequence of evaporation, compression, condensation, and expansion for the circulating refrigerant, and performs heat absorption in the refrigerant condensation process for the heat exchanged with the circulating refrigerant in the refrigerant condensation process. A supply-side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 and a heat-source-side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 that perform the steps of evaporating and condensing the circulating refrigerant that are different from each other, a compressor 11 that compresses the circulating refrigerant, and the circulating refrigerant A decompression mechanism 18 such as an expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant, and a switching mechanism 19 such as a valve for switching between an evaporation process and a condensation process of the supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8. These are connected by piping so that the refrigerant circulates. The supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 cools or heats the supply air with the circulating refrigerant, and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 condenses or evaporates the circulating refrigerant with the heat source air. The fin tubes of the supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 are preferably elliptical tubes with little pressure loss, but may be circular tubes. The air conditioner controls the capacity of each of the heat pump C, the blowers 9 and 10 and the humidifier 16 and also the refrigerant of the supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 according to the supply side air passage inlet air temperature and humidity. Control means (not shown) for switching between evaporation and refrigerant condensation is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in this air conditioner, various patterns of operation such as circulation air conditioning, ventilation circulation air conditioning, and ventilation (outside air cooling, outside air heating) can be performed. In the circulating air-conditioning operation shown in FIG. 6A, the outside air damper 13, the second return air damper 15, and the third return air damper 17 are closed, the first return air damper 14 is opened, and the first return air damper 14 is taken in. The return air in the air-conditioned space is heat-exchanged with the circulating refrigerant in the air-supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 and, if necessary, the humidifier 16 is operated to adjust the temperature and humidity so that the air-conditioned space is supplied from the air supply port 2. Then, the outside air taken in from the second outside air intake 6 exchanges heat with the circulating refrigerant in the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 to absorb or dissipate the heat and exhaust it from the exhaust port 3 to the outside. In the ventilation / circulation air-conditioning operation shown in FIG. 6B, the outside air damper 13, the second return air damper 15, and the first return air damper 14 are opened, the third return air damper 17 is closed, and the first return air damper 14 is opened. The introduced return air and the outside air taken in from the outside air damper 13 are mixed at a predetermined ratio, heat exchange is performed by the supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7, and the humidifier 16 is operated as necessary to adjust the temperature and humidity. The heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger is configured by supplying air to the air-conditioned space from the air supply port 2 and mixing the outside air taken in from the second outside air intake 6 and the return air taken in from the second return air damper 15 at a predetermined ratio. While the heat of the circulating refrigerant 8 is recovered, the heat is exchanged and recovered and exhausted from the exhaust port 3 to the outside. In the ventilation (outside air cooling, outside air heating) operation shown in FIG. 6C, the heat pump C is stopped, the first return air damper 14 and the second return air damper 15 are closed, and the outside air damper 13 and the third return air damper 17 are closed. Is opened, the outside air is taken in from the outside air damper 13, the humidifier 16 is operated as necessary to adjust the humidity to supply air to the air-conditioned space, and the return air taken in from the third return air damper 17 is discharged to the exhaust port. Exhaust from 3 to the outdoors.

The front view which shows the Example of this invention. The side view of FIG. The top view of FIG. The upper part perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows. The simplified explanatory drawing of a heat pump. The simplified explanatory drawing of an operation pattern.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 2 Air supply port 3 Exhaust port 4 Return air intake 5 1st external air intake 6 2nd external air intake 7 Supply air side refrigerant | coolant-air heat exchanger 8 Heat source side refrigerant | coolant-air heat exchanger 10 Heat source side air blower 12 Upper end partition surface 13 Outside air damper 14 First return air damper 15 Second return air damper 17 Third return air damper A Supply side air passage B Heat source side air passage

Claims (3)

  The casing 1 is formed in a flat shape in the front / rear direction, an air supply port 2 is formed at the front upper end portion of the casing 1, and an exhaust port 3 is formed at the upper end portion of the rear side. The return air intake 4 is formed at the lower end, the first outside air intake 5 is formed at the lower end of one side of the casing 1, and the second outside air intake 6 is formed at the lower end of the other side. An air supply side air passage A communicating with the inlet 2, the return air inlet 4, and the first outside air inlet 5, the exhaust port 3, the return air inlet 4, and the second outside air inlet 6. Heat source side air passages B communicating with each other are arranged in parallel in the casing 1, and an air supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 is provided in the air supply side air passage A, so that the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchange is provided. The heat source side air blower 10 is provided in the heat source side air passage B, and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 is on the windward side. Thus, the amount of return air flow from the return air intake 4 to the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 is arranged between the second outside air intake 6 and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8. The second return air damper 15 to be controlled and the leeward side of the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 and disposed between the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 and the heat source side blower 10 and Agricultural industry characterized by including a third return air damper 17 that bypasses the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 and controls the amount of return air from the return air inlet 4 to the exhaust port 3. Air heat source heat pump air conditioner.   The upper end partition surface 12 of the heat source side air passage B is inclined downward from the back side toward the front side, and the space formed by the upper end partition surface 12 and the inner surface of the casing 1 is used as the air supply side air passage A. The air heat source heat pump type air conditioner for agricultural industry according to 1.   The air heat source heat pump type air conditioner for agricultural industry according to claim 1 or 2, wherein fin tubes of the supply side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 7 and the heat source side refrigerant-air heat exchanger 8 are elliptical tubes.

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