JP4016697B2 - Speaker device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a speaker device having various electroacoustic transducers.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional speaker device will be described with reference to a cross-sectional view of FIG.
[0003]
According to the figure, reference numeral 101 denotes a piezoelectric ceramic formed in a substantially spherical shape, and an internal electrode 102 is formed inside the piezoelectric ceramic 101 and an external electrode 103 is formed outside. In this speaker device, when a voltage is applied through the lead wires 104 and 105 connected to the internal electrode 102 and the external electrode 103, the piezoelectric ceramic 101 respires due to the piezoelectric effect, and the sound waves are radiated radially. The directivity is reproduced uniformly in all directions.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above speaker device, the piezoelectric ceramic itself is very hard in terms of material, and since the shape is substantially spherical, the structure is also hard, so the lowest resonance frequency, which is the reproduction limit of the low sound range, is set to a low frequency. This has the problem of being difficult.
[0005]
The present invention solves the above-described problems, and can provide a speaker device having a wide directivity that can lower the minimum resonance frequency and widen the reproduction band.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the speaker device according to claim 1 of the present invention has a substantially spherical shape arranged so as to cover the solid with a gap between the substantially spherical solid and the substantially spherical solid. And an electroacoustic transducer coupled to the diaphragm via a space coupling member , and the sound emission of the electroacoustic transducer is emitted from the substantially spherical solid and the substantially spherical A non-directional speaker is realized by radiating sound from the substantially spherical diaphragm through a space between the diaphragms having a shape .
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a speaker is provided between the substantially spherical solid according to the first aspect of the present invention and the diaphragm, thereby realizing a stable gap in an acoustic space. Is.
[0008]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a loudspeaker according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the distance between the substantially spherical solid according to the first aspect and the diaphragm is increased toward a portion closer to the electroacoustic transducer. The sound can be transmitted more efficiently in the space between the solid body and the diaphragm.
[0009]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a loudspeaker according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the distance between spacers disposed between the substantially spherical solid according to the first aspect and the diaphragm is increased as the distance from the electroacoustic transducer increases. The sound can be more efficiently propagated in the space between the substantially spherical solid and the diaphragm.
[0010]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided at least one speaker in the direction connecting the center of the substantially spherical solid and the electroacoustic transducer on the surface of the substantially spherical solid according to the first aspect. By providing this groove, it is possible to make the acoustic radiation from the diaphragm more uniform.
[0011]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the use of the polymer film for the substantially spherical diaphragm according to the first aspect realizes a wider sound pressure frequency characteristic. It is.
[0012]
The speaker invention according to claim 7 of the present invention makes it possible to further reduce the lowest resonance frequency by using the polymer film according to claim 6 as an elastomer.
[0013]
In the speaker according to claim 8 of the present invention, the electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 is connected to the space between the substantially spherical solid and the diaphragm and accommodated in the cabinet. This eliminates the interference of sound radiated from the back surface of the electroacoustic transducer and enables stable sound reproduction.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a speaker device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0015]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and mainly describes claim 1.
[0016]
According to the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a substantially spherical solid, and a substantially spherical diaphragm 2 is disposed so as to cover the solid 1, and the diaphragm 2 passes through a space connecting member 4 and the electroacoustic transducer 3. Is bound to. The substantially spherical solid 1 is held by a support member 6. The electroacoustic transducer 3 is attached to the baffle plate 5 so that the sound on the back side does not interfere with the sound on the front side.
[0017]
As the electroacoustic transducer 3, an electrodynamic speaker is generally used, but other electroacoustic conversions such as an electromagnetic type are possible in principle.
[0018]
In the above configuration, when a signal is applied to the electroacoustic transducer 3, the diaphragm of the electroacoustic transducer 3 vibrates. This vibration causes the air in the space between the substantially spherical solid 1 and the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 to vibrate, thereby causing the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 to vibrate, and sound waves being emitted from the diaphragm 2. become. Since the vibration plate 2 has a substantially spherical shape, the sound wave is radiated in all directions. Thereby, an omnidirectional speaker can be realized.
[0019]
Regarding the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure to be reproduced in this case, the lowest resonance frequency which is the lower limit of the low sound range is a mechanical resonance determined by the lowest resonance frequency of the substantially electroacoustic transducer 3 or the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 and its supporting method. It is determined by the lower of the frequencies. The minimum resonance frequency of the electroacoustic transducer 3 can be freely selected because there are various transducers from several tens of Hz to several kHz. Therefore, in practice, the low frequency range limit is determined by the mechanical resonance frequency determined by the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 and its supporting method.
[0020]
Therefore, by reducing the thickness of the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 and making it soft, the mechanical resonance frequency, which is the limit of the low sound range, can be lowered.
[0021]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the speaker device of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0022]
According to the figure, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that a substantially spherical diaphragm 2 is supported on a substantially spherical solid 1 by a spacer 7. As a result, the gap between the substantially spherical solid 1 and the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 can be kept stable.
[0023]
Therefore, when the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 emits sound, it can be suppressed that abnormal sound is generated by contacting the substantially spherical solid 1 by vibration. In addition, the space that is the gap is also an element that acoustically determines the frequency characteristics. Therefore, the acoustic characteristics can be stabilized by keeping the gap stable.
[0024]
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the speaker device of the present invention, and mainly describes claim 3. In addition, the same part as Embodiment 1 is provided with the same number, and it abbreviate | omits description and demonstrates.
[0025]
According to the figure, the difference from the first embodiment is that the gap between the substantially spherical solid 1 and the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 is enlarged on the side close to the electroacoustic transducer 3.
[0026]
Sound radiated from the front surface of the electroacoustic transducer 3 is transmitted to the space in the substantially spherical diaphragm by the connecting member 4.
[0027]
Therefore, by adopting the configuration as in the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve more acoustic impedance matching at the coupling portion from the connecting member 4 to the space in the substantially spherical diaphragm, and as a result, the efficiency is high. Acoustic conversion is possible.
[0028]
(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the speaker device of the present invention, and mainly describes claim 4. Note that the same parts as those of the second embodiment are given the same numbers, and description thereof is omitted.
[0029]
According to the figure, the difference from the second embodiment is that the closer the spacer 7 is to the electroacoustic transducer 3, the more spaced it is.
[0030]
With this configuration, a wider range of the spacer interval can be reproduced in a lower sound range. Originally, the directivity is wide at a very low frequency and it is difficult to increase the sound pressure. Therefore, the above configuration enables both reproduction of a lower sound range and expansion of directivity.
[0031]
(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the shape of a substantially spherical solid surface, which is the main part of another embodiment of the speaker device of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the horizontal direction, mainly claims. 5 will be described. In addition, the same part as Embodiment 1 is provided with the same number, and it abbreviate | omits description and demonstrates.
[0032]
According to the figure, the difference from the first embodiment is that at least one groove 8 is formed on the surface of the substantially spherical solid 1 and in the direction connecting the center of the substantially spherical solid 1 and the electroacoustic transducer 3. The above is provided.
[0033]
The space between the substantially spherical solid 1 and the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 is one parameter that determines the high sound range limit of the frequency characteristic of sound pressure. By reducing this volume, the high sound range limit can be set to a high frequency. In order to reduce this volume, the gap between the substantially spherical solid 1 and the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 must be reduced. However, as this gap is reduced, it becomes difficult to transmit the acoustic vibration radiated from the electroacoustic transducer 3 to the entire substantially spherical diaphragm 2 due to the viscous resistance of air.
[0034]
In the present embodiment, by providing at least one groove in the direction connecting the center of the substantially spherical solid 1 and the electroacoustic transducer 3, the electroacoustic transducer 3 does not increase the volume of the gap. It is possible to transmit the acoustic vibration radiated from substantially to the front surface of the substantially spherical diaphragm 2, and to make it possible to achieve both high non-directionality and a high sound range limit of sound pressure frequency characteristics. is there.
[0035]
(Embodiment 6)
Another embodiment of the speaker device of the present invention uses a polymer film as the material of the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, and mainly describes claim 6. is there. In the first embodiment, it has been described that the critical frequency characteristics of the low sound range are determined by the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 and its supporting method. However, since a polymer film is generally a thin, light and soft material, By using it for the material of the substantially spherical diaphragm 2, the limit frequency in the low frequency range can be further reduced.
[0036]
(Embodiment 7)
In another embodiment of the speaker device of the present invention, the polymer film of the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 of the sixth embodiment is made of an elastomer, and claim 7 will be mainly described.
[0037]
Since the elastomer is generally a soft and stretchable material, the critical frequency in the low frequency range can be easily lowered.
[0038]
(Embodiment 8)
Another embodiment of the speaker device of the present invention will be described with reference to the sectional view of FIG. The present embodiment will mainly describe claim 8. The same parts as those in the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0039]
According to the figure, the difference from the first embodiment is that the enclosure 9 is provided on the back side of the electroacoustic transducer 3.
[0040]
With this configuration, interference with the radiated sound radiated from the substantially spherical diaphragm 2 can be realized with a more compact size by the radiated sound from the back surface of the electroacoustic transducer 3. Note that various types of enclosures such as a sealed type and a phase inversion type that are generally used for speaker devices can be adopted as this enclosure.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the speaker device according to the present invention includes the substantially spherical solid, the substantially spherical solid, and the substantially spherical diaphragm disposed so as to cover the solid, the space in the interval, and the sound. By combining the electroacoustic transducers, the acoustically coupled space and the substantially spherical diaphragm are acoustically driven, and sound waves are radiated from the substantially spherical diaphragm. Therefore, wide directivity reproduction is realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the speaker device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the other embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the other embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the shape of a solid surface, which is a main part of another embodiment. FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker device of the present invention. Cross-sectional view of another embodiment [FIG. 8] Cross-sectional view of a conventional speaker device [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spherical solid 2 Spherical diaphragm 3 Electroacoustic transducer 4 Connection member 5 Baffle plate 6 Support member 7 Spacer 8 Groove 9 Enclosure

Claims (8)

A substantially spherical solid, a substantially spherical diaphragm arranged so as to cover the solid with a space between the substantially spherical solid, and an electroacoustic conversion coupled to the diaphragm via a space connecting member The air in the space between the substantially spherical solid and the substantially spherical diaphragm is vibrated by the vibration of the diaphragm of the electroacoustic transducer, and the substantially spherical diaphragm is A speaker device that oscillates to emit sound waves .   The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein a spacer is disposed between the substantially spherical solid and the diaphragm.   The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein an interval between the substantially spherical solid and the diaphragm is increased as the distance from the electroacoustic transducer increases.   The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the spacing between the spacers disposed between the substantially spherical solid and the diaphragm is increased as the distance from the electroacoustic transducer increases.   The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein at least one groove is provided on a surface of the substantially spherical solid in a direction connecting the center of the substantially spherical solid and the electroacoustic transducer.   The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein a polymer film is used for the substantially spherical diaphragm.   The speaker device according to claim 6, wherein the polymer film is an elastomer.   The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the electroacoustic transducer is housed in an enclosure connected to the space between the substantially spherical solid and the diaphragm and coupled to the diaphragm.

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