JP4014892B2 - Dyeing method of composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber - Google Patents
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Description
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明はポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材の分散染料による染色方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材は、通常、分散染料を用いて染色される。ポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材を分散染料で染色すると、分散染料はポリウレタン繊維に吸脱着されやすいために、ポリウレタン繊維側に過度に染着してポリエステル繊維への染着が低下してしまい、所望の濃度の染色布帛が得られないという問題があった。
【０００３】
また、ポリウレタン繊維に過度に染着した分散染料によって染色布帛の染色堅牢度が著しく悪くなり、染色布帛を衣料等に用いた場合、雨や汗で濡れた時や洗濯をした時にポリウレタン繊維に染着した分散染料がしみだしたりして改善が求められていた。
このような問題を解決するために、分散染料のポリウレタン繊維への染着を抑え、ポリエステル繊維への染着を高めるような染色方法が開発されている。
【０００４】
特開平１１−１７２５８４号公報には、ポリエステルとポリウレタンの複合素材を合成タンニンの存在下に分散染料で染色する染色方法が開示されている。しかし、この染色方法を用いてもポリウレタンに分散染料が染着してしまい期待される効果はなかった。
【０００５】
特許第３２３６００５号公報には、分散染料可染型繊維とポリウレタン繊維の混用品を染色に先立って予め多価金属化合物とタンニン酸が共存する浴で処理するか、あるいは分散染料染色浴に多価金属化合物とタンニン酸を添加して染色する染色方法が開示されている。
しかし、この染色方法では、分散染料のポリウレタン繊維への染着を抑えることは出来るが、使用する分散染料によってはタンニン酸によって分散染料が還元分解されてしまい使用できる分散染料が限定されてしまう。特にアゾ系分散染料において染料の還元分解は顕著であり、染色方法に改善が必要である。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、前述した従来技術の問題点を解決するポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材の染色方法、即ち、ポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材を分散染料で染色する場合において、分散染料の還元分解を起こさないで、分散染料のポリウレタン繊維への染着を抑え、ポリエステル繊維への染着を高める染色方法を提供することを目的とする。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、ポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材を分散染料を用いて染色するに際して、染色の前に複合素材を平均分子量１５，０００〜５０，０００のポリフェノール化合物を含む処理液により処理することを特徴とするポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材の染色方法を提供する。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いる分散染料は、ベンゼンアゾ系染料、複素環アゾ系染料、アントラキノン系分散染料、縮合系分散染料等、公知のものが挙げられるが、なかでも、染料が還元分解されやすいアゾ系分散染料を用いた場合において本発明の染色方法は顕著な効果を示す。
【０００９】
アゾ系分散染料としては、Ｃ．Ｉ．ディスパース イエロー １６３、２２４、２４２、７、１０４、Ｃ．Ｉ．ディスパース オレンジ ３７、３０、７３、Ｃ．Ｉ．ディスパース レッド ３５９、１５３、１４３、１５２、１５４、Ｃ．Ｉ．ディスパース バイオレット ９３−１、Ｃ．Ｉ．ディスパース ブルー１６５、１６５−１、１８３、２５７、３６６、等が例示できる。
【００１０】
ポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材は、ポリエステル繊維及びポリウレタン繊維を含有する複合繊維材料であり、布帛の形態としては、織物、編物、不織布、等何れでも良い。
【００１１】
ポリエステル繊維とはポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維のことであり、ポリウレタン繊維とは公知のポリウレタン繊維であり、エーテル系ポリウレタンとエステル系ポリウレタンに大別されるが特に限定されない。具体的には、東洋紡績製の「エスパ」（商標）、東レ・デュポン製の「ライクラ」（商標）、旭化成製の「ロイカ」（商標）、等が挙げられる。
【００１２】
本発明の染色方法においては、上記ポリウレタン繊維の表面を、平均分子量１５，０００〜５０，０００のポリフェノール化合物で処理する。
【００１３】
ポリフェノール化合物としては、例えばナフチルアミン、フェノール、ナフトール等のスルホン化物がホルムアルデヒドで結合されたオリゴマータイプの化合物で、フェノール系化合物、チオフェノール系化合物、ジヒドロキシフェニールスルホン系化合物、カルボジイミド系化合物等が挙げられ、中にはさらにカルボンアミド、スルホンアミド、スルホン、ウレイド等の極性基をもつものがある。
【００１４】
本発明において使用される平均分子量１５，０００〜５０，０００のポリフェノール化合物は、その分子構造中の全てのベンゼン環において、ベンゼン環１個に対して結合する水酸基が２個以下のものが好ましい。ピロガロールのように水酸基を３個以上持っていると分散染料を分解してしまい好ましくない。その為、ピロガロールをその分子構造中に含む天然タンニン酸は、本発明において使用されるポリフェノール化合物としては適切でない。
【００１５】
また、本発明において使用されるポリフェノール化合物の平均分子量は、１５，０００〜５０，０００である。更に好ましくは２５，０００〜４０，０００である。１５，０００以下では、ポリフェノール化合物がポリウレタン繊維中に浸透してしまうため、表面に形成する被膜が少なく、充分なポリウレタン繊維の染着防止効果が得られない。５０,０００以上では、ポリフェノール化合物がポリウレタン繊維に吸着しにくく、充分なポリウレタン繊維の染着防止効果が得られず好ましくない。
【００１６】
上記ポリフェノール化合物による処理は、ポリウレタン繊維の表面に予めポリフェノール化合物の被膜を形成させる為に、染色前に行うことが好ましい。染色と同浴で行うと、浴中に分散染料とポリフェノール化合物が混在しており、そのためウレタン繊維の表面にポリフェノール化合物の被膜が形成される前に分散染料がウレタン繊維に染着してしまうおそれがある。
【００１７】
染色前の処理法は、処理液中にポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材を液流染色機等を用いて処理する方法が好ましい。処理温度としては１００〜１３０℃が好ましく、処理時間は５〜６０分が好ましい。ポリフェノール化合物の添加量は複合素材に対し、１〜２０％ｏｗｆになる量で処理することが出来る。また、処理液のｐＨを３〜５に酢酸やリンゴ酸等のｐＨ調整剤を用いて調整しておくことが必要である。
【００１８】
さらに、ポリフェノール化合物を塩析効果により有効にポリウレタン繊維に吸着させるために塩を併用することが好ましい。塩とは、塩化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム等の塩である。
【００１９】
前処理された複合素材は、ポリエステル繊維に通常適用される分散染料による染色条件が適用される。具体的には、分散染料の他に分散均染剤、ｐＨ調整剤、酸などの染色助剤を含んだ染色液を用いて、染色温度１００〜１３５℃で２０〜６０分間染色を行う。
【００２０】
染色された複合素材は、洗浄剤、還元剤及びアルカリ剤を含有する還元洗浄浴中で、温度８０〜９５℃にて５〜３０分間洗浄処理をおこなうとよい。洗浄剤としては、アニオン系界面活性剤、カチオン系界面活性剤、非イオン系界面活性剤等が挙げられ、還元剤としては、ハイドロサルファイト、二酸化チオ尿素等が例示できる。また、アルカリ剤としては、水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸カリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム等が挙げられる。
【００２１】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例により限定されるものではない。なお、実施例及び比較例における特性値及び評価値は、下記の測定方法、評価方法によるものである。
【００２２】
染色布帛の表面濃度
染色布帛の表面の色濃度は分光光度計（グレタグマクベス社製、ＣＥ−３０００）を使用して測定した。
なお、表面濃度比は比較例１のＫ／Ｓ値を基準値（１００％）とし、他の実施例、比較例のＫ／Ｓ値と比較している。
洗濯堅牢度
ＪＩＳ L−０８４４ Ａ−２法に準じて評価した。
【００２３】
実施例１
ポリウレタン繊維（ロイカ、旭化成製）をポリエステル繊維で被覆した糸条の平織物（ポリウレタン繊維の混用率１５％）を９０℃で精練リラックスした後、１８０℃でプレセットを行い、下記の条件により液流染色機を用いて染色前処理を行った。
【００２４】
実施例２
実施例１の染色前処理において、硫酸アンモニウム ３．０ｇ／ｌを加えた以外は、実施例１と同様の処理を行い、ポリエステル染着濃度、洗濯堅牢度を測定した。結果を表１に示す。
【００２６】
比較例１
ポリウレタン繊維（ロイカ、旭化成製）をポリエステル繊維で被覆した糸条の平織物（ポリウレタン繊維の混用率１５％）を９０℃で精練リラックスした後、１８０℃でプレセットを行い、下記の条件により液流染色機を用いて染色を行った。
【００２７】
比較例２
ポリウレタン繊維（ロイカ、旭化成製）をポリエステル繊維で被覆した糸条の平織物（ポリウレタン繊維の混用率１５％）を９０℃で精練リラックスした後、１８０℃でプレセットを行い、下記の条件により液流染色機を用いて染色前処理を行った。
【００２８】
比較例３
ポリウレタン繊維（ロイカ、旭化成製）をポリエステル繊維で被覆した糸条の平織物（ポリウレタン繊維の混用率１５％）を９０℃で精練リラックスした後、１８０℃でプレセットを行い、下記の条件により液流染色機を用いて染色と同時に処理を行った。
【００２９】
比較例４
ポリウレタン繊維（ロイカ、旭化成製）をポリエステル繊維で被覆した糸条の平織物（ポリウレタン繊維の混用率１５％）を９０℃で精練リラックスした後、１８０℃でプレセットを行い、下記の条件により液流染色機を用いて染色と同時に処理を行った。
【００３０】
【表１】
【発明の効果】
ポリエステル繊維とポリウレタン繊維との複合素材を分散染料で染色する場合において、本発明の染色法を用いることにより、分散染料の還元分解を起こさないで、分散染料のポリウレタン繊維への染着を抑え、ポリエステル繊維への染着を高めることができる。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for dyeing a composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber with a disperse dye.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber is usually dyed using a disperse dye. When a composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber is dyed with a disperse dye, the disperse dye is easily adsorbed and desorbed on the polyurethane fiber, so that it is excessively dyed on the polyurethane fiber side and the dyeing on the polyester fiber is reduced. There is a problem that a dyed fabric having a desired concentration cannot be obtained.
[0003]
In addition, disperse dyes that are excessively dyed on polyurethane fibers significantly deteriorate the dyeing fastness of the dyed fabric, and when the dyed fabric is used in clothing, the polyurethane fiber is dyed when wet with rain or sweat or washed. The disperse dye that has been worn out oozes out, and improvement has been demanded.
In order to solve such a problem, a dyeing method has been developed that suppresses dyeing of disperse dyes to polyurethane fibers and enhances dyeing of polyester fibers.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-172484 discloses a dyeing method in which a composite material of polyester and polyurethane is dyed with a disperse dye in the presence of synthetic tannin. However, even if this dyeing method is used, disperse dyes are dyed on polyurethane and there is no expected effect.
[0005]
In Japanese Patent No. 3326005, a mixture of disperse dye-dyeable fiber and polyurethane fiber is treated in advance in a bath in which a polyvalent metal compound and tannic acid coexist before dyeing, or a disperse dye dye bath has a polyvalent content. A dyeing method in which a metal compound and tannic acid are added for dyeing is disclosed.
However, although this dyeing method can suppress the dyeing of the disperse dye to the polyurethane fiber, depending on the disperse dye used, the disperse dye is reduced and decomposed by tannic acid, and the disperse dyes that can be used are limited. In particular, reductive decomposition of dyes is remarkable in azo-based disperse dyes, and the dyeing method needs to be improved.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is a method for dyeing a composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber that solves the problems of the prior art described above, that is, in the case of dyeing a composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber with a disperse dye. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dyeing method that suppresses the dyeing of disperse dyes to polyurethane fibers without causing reductive decomposition and enhances the dyeing of polyester fibers.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a polyphenol compound having an average molecular weight of 15,000 to 50,000 before dyeing when dyeing a composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber with a disperse dye. Provided is a method for dyeing a composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber, characterized by being treated with a treatment liquid containing the same.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the disperse dye used in the present invention include benzene azo dyes, heterocyclic azo dyes, anthraquinone disperse dyes, condensation disperse dyes, and the like. Among them, azo disperse dyes in which the dye is easily reductively decomposed. In the case of using the dye, the staining method of the present invention shows a remarkable effect.
[0009]
As the azo disperse dye, C.I. I. Disperse Yellow 163, 224, 242, 7, 104, C.I. I. Disperse Orange 37, 30, 73, C.I. I. Disperse Red 359, 153, 143, 152, 154, C.I. I. Disperse Violet 93-1, C.I. I. Disperse Blue 165, 165-1, 183, 257, 366, etc. can be exemplified.
[0010]
The composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber is a composite fiber material containing polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber, and the form of the fabric may be any of woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, and the like.
[0011]
The polyester fiber is a polyethylene terephthalate fiber, and the polyurethane fiber is a known polyurethane fiber, and is broadly divided into an ether polyurethane and an ester polyurethane, but is not particularly limited. Specific examples include “Espa” (trademark) manufactured by Toyobo, “Lycra” (trademark) manufactured by Toray DuPont, “Roika” (trademark) manufactured by Asahi Kasei, and the like.
[0012]
In the dyeing method of the present invention, the surface of the polyurethane fiber is treated with a polyphenol compound having an average molecular weight of 15,000 to 50,000.
[0013]
Examples of polyphenol compounds include oligomer-type compounds in which sulfonated products such as naphthylamine, phenol, and naphthol are bonded with formaldehyde, such as phenol compounds, thiophenol compounds, dihydroxyphenyl sulfone compounds, and carbodiimide compounds. Some of them further have polar groups such as carbonamide, sulfonamido, sulfone and ureido.
[0014]
The polyphenol compound having an average molecular weight of 15,000 to 50,000 used in the present invention preferably has 2 or less hydroxyl groups bonded to one benzene ring in all benzene rings in the molecular structure. Having three or more hydroxyl groups like pyrogallol is not preferable because the disperse dye is decomposed. Therefore, natural tannic acid containing pyrogallol in its molecular structure is not suitable as the polyphenol compound used in the present invention.
[0015]
Moreover, the average molecular weight of the polyphenol compound used in the present invention is 15,000 to 50,000. More preferably, it is 25,000-40,000. If it is 15,000 or less, the polyphenol compound penetrates into the polyurethane fiber, so that the coating film formed on the surface is small, and a sufficient anti-dyeing effect of the polyurethane fiber cannot be obtained. If it is 50,000 or more, the polyphenol compound is not easily adsorbed to the polyurethane fiber, and a sufficient anti-dyeing effect of the polyurethane fiber cannot be obtained.
[0016]
The treatment with the polyphenol compound is preferably performed before dyeing in order to form a polyphenol compound film on the surface of the polyurethane fiber in advance. When performed in the same bath as dyeing, the disperse dye and polyphenol compound are mixed in the bath, so the disperse dye may be dyed onto the urethane fiber before the polyphenol compound film is formed on the surface of the urethane fiber. There is.
[0017]
The treatment method before dyeing is preferably a method of treating a composite material of polyester fibers and polyurethane fibers in a treatment liquid using a liquid dyeing machine or the like. The treatment temperature is preferably 100 to 130 ° C., and the treatment time is preferably 5 to 60 minutes. The addition amount of the polyphenol compound can be processed with an amount of 1 to 20% owf with respect to the composite material. Moreover, it is necessary to adjust pH of a process liquid to 3-5 using pH adjusters, such as an acetic acid and malic acid.
[0018]
Furthermore, it is preferable to use a salt together in order to effectively adsorb the polyphenol compound to the polyurethane fiber due to the salting out effect. The salt is a salt such as sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, or sodium sulfate.
[0019]
The pretreated composite material is subjected to dyeing conditions with disperse dyes that are usually applied to polyester fibers. Specifically, dyeing is performed at a dyeing temperature of 100 to 135 ° C. for 20 to 60 minutes using a dyeing solution containing a dyeing assistant such as a dispersion leveling agent, a pH adjuster, and an acid in addition to the disperse dye.
[0020]
The dyed composite material may be washed at a temperature of 80 to 95 ° C. for 5 to 30 minutes in a reducing cleaning bath containing a cleaning agent, a reducing agent and an alkaline agent. Examples of the cleaning agent include an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, and the like, and examples of the reducing agent include hydrosulfite and thiourea dioxide. Examples of the alkali agent include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and the like.
[0021]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, the characteristic value and evaluation value in an Example and a comparative example are based on the following measuring method and evaluation method.
[0022]
Surface density of dyed fabric The color density of the surface of the dyed fabric was measured using a spectrophotometer (CE-3000 manufactured by Gretag Macbeth Co.).
The surface concentration ratio was compared with the K / S values of other examples and comparative examples, with the K / S value of Comparative Example 1 being the reference value (100%).
Washing fastness It evaluated according to JIS L-0844 A-2 method.
[0023]
Example 1
After scouring and relaxing a plain woven fabric (polyurethane fiber mixture ratio 15%) of polyurethane fiber (Roika, manufactured by Asahi Kasei) with polyester fiber at 90 ° C, pre-set at 180 ° C, Pre-dyeing was performed using a flow dyeing machine.
[0024]
Example 2
In the pre-dyeing treatment of Example 1, the same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 3.0 g / l of ammonium sulfate was added, and the polyester dyeing concentration and the fastness to washing were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0026]
Comparative Example 1
After scouring and relaxing a plain woven fabric (polyurethane fiber mixture ratio 15%) of polyurethane fiber (Roika, manufactured by Asahi Kasei) with polyester fiber at 90 ° C, pre-set at 180 ° C, Dyeing was done using a flow dyeing machine.
[0027]
Comparative Example 2
After scouring and relaxing a plain woven fabric (polyurethane fiber mixture ratio 15%) of polyurethane fiber (Roika, manufactured by Asahi Kasei) with polyester fiber at 90 ° C, pre-set at 180 ° C, Pre-dyeing was performed using a flow dyeing machine.
[0028]
Comparative Example 3
After scouring and relaxing a plain woven fabric (polyurethane fiber mixture ratio 15%) of polyurethane fiber (Roika, manufactured by Asahi Kasei) with polyester fiber at 90 ° C, pre-set at 180 ° C, Processing was performed simultaneously with dyeing using a flow dyeing machine.
[0029]
Comparative Example 4
After scouring and relaxing a plain woven fabric (polyurethane fiber mixture ratio 15%) of polyurethane fiber (Roika, manufactured by Asahi Kasei) with polyester fiber at 90 ° C, pre-set at 180 ° C, Processing was performed simultaneously with dyeing using a flow dyeing machine.
[0030]
[Table 1]
【The invention's effect】
In the case of dyeing a composite material of polyester fiber and polyurethane fiber with a disperse dye, by using the dyeing method of the present invention, without causing reductive decomposition of the disperse dye, the dyeing of the disperse dye to the polyurethane fiber is suppressed, Dyeing to polyester fibers can be enhanced.
Claims (4)
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