JP4011473B2 - Steam dryness measuring device - Google Patents

Steam dryness measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4011473B2
JP4011473B2 JP2002361934A JP2002361934A JP4011473B2 JP 4011473 B2 JP4011473 B2 JP 4011473B2 JP 2002361934 A JP2002361934 A JP 2002361934A JP 2002361934 A JP2002361934 A JP 2002361934A JP 4011473 B2 JP4011473 B2 JP 4011473B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
steam
dryness
flow meter
specific volume
value
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002361934A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004191290A (en
Inventor
米村  政雄
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Tlv Co Ltd
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Tlv Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、蒸気中の水分の含有量、すなわち、蒸気の単位体積当たりの全質量に対する乾き飽和蒸気の占める質量の割合を示す、所謂乾き度:Xを測定する装置に関する。このように乾き度がXの場合、湿り度は(1−X)として求めることができる。各種ボイラや蒸気動力を利用する機器、乾燥設備などでは、熱管理のために蒸気の乾き度を測定する必要がある。これは蒸気中の水分の含有量によって例えば乾燥状態が変化してしまうためである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
特開平8−313425号公報
これには、蒸気の流下する蒸気配管に第1の流量計及び第1の圧力センサと、絞り機構と、第2の流量計及び第2の圧力センサとを取り付けて、流下する蒸気の乾き度を測定する蒸気乾き度測定装置が開示されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の蒸気乾き度測定装置では、蒸気配管に取り付けた複数の流量計の他に、絞り機構と第2の圧力センサが必要であり、部材の数が増して装置が複雑に且つ高価になってしまう問題があった。
【0004】
従って、本発明の課題は、絞り機構等の部材を省略することができ、構造が簡単で安価な蒸気の乾き度測定装置を提供することである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するために講じた本発明の手段は、蒸気の流下する蒸気配管に複数の流量計を配置すると共に、蒸気の圧力又は温度を検出する圧力センサ又は温度センサを取り付けて、流下する蒸気の乾き度又は湿り度を測定するものにおいて、流下する蒸気の容積流量を検出する容積流量計と、流下する蒸気の質量流量を検出する質量流量計とを直列に配置して、当該それぞれの流量計からの検出値と、蒸気の圧力値又は温度値から、容積流量計での蒸気の容積流量値:Aと、質量流量計での蒸気の質量流量値:MからA/M=V式よりV、すなわち、蒸気と水滴状の復水との混合流体の比体積を求め、更に、飽和水の比体積をV1とし、飽和蒸気の比体積をV2とし、蒸気の乾き度をXとして、V=V1+X(V2−V1)なる関係式を基にして、流下する蒸気の乾き度又は湿り度を算出する演算制御部を具備したものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
容積流量計で蒸気の容積流量値:Aを検出し、一方、質量流量計で蒸気の質量流量値:Mを検出して、A/M=V式よりV、すなわち、蒸気と水滴状の復水との混合流体の比体積が求まる。更に、飽和水の比体積をV1とし、飽和蒸気の比体積をV2とし、蒸気の乾き度をXとすると、V=V1+X(V2−V1)なる関係式が成り立ち、V1とV2を蒸気表から読み取って入力することによって、あるいは、演算制御部に予め記憶しておいた蒸気表から読み取ることによって、蒸気の乾き度:Xを求めることができる。
【0007】
【実施例】
図1において、蒸気の流下する蒸気配管1と、この蒸気配管1に直列に取り付けた容積流量計2及び質量流量計3と、両方の流量計2,3の間の蒸気配管1に取り付けた圧力センサ4及び温度センサ5と、演算制御部6とで蒸気の乾き度測定装置を構成する。
【0008】
容積流量計2としては、カルマン渦を利用する渦式流量計や超音波式流量計や絞り流量計あるいは面積式流量計等の従来周知のものを用いることができる。同様に、質量流量計3としてはコリオリ式流量計等を用いることができる。
【0009】
流量計2,3の間の蒸気配管1に、配管内の蒸気の圧力を検出する圧力センサ4と、温度を検出する温度センサ5を取り付ける。蒸気表から飽和水の比体積と飽和蒸気の比体積を読み取る場合に、蒸気圧力を基準にして読み取る場合は圧力センサ4からの検出値を利用し、一方、蒸気温度を基準にして読み取る場合は温度センサ5からの検出値を利用する。従って、飽和水と飽和蒸気の比体積を読み取るためには、圧力か温度のいずれか一方が判れば良い。
【0010】
各流量計2,3とセンサ4,5は演算制御部6と電気接続する。演算制御部6には図示しない記憶部を内蔵して、蒸気表の各圧力と温度ごとの比体積を少なくとも予め記憶しておく。なお、記憶部には蒸気表全体を予め記憶しておくこともできる。
【0011】
蒸気配管1内を流下する蒸気の乾き度:X又は湿り度:(1−X)を測定するには、まず、容積流量計2で蒸気の容積流量値:Aを検出し、一方、質量流量計3で蒸気の質量流量値:Mを検出して、A/M=V式よりV、すなわち、蒸気と復水の混合流体の比体積を演算制御部6で求め、次に、演算制御部6に記憶しておいて読み取った飽和水の比体積:V1と飽和蒸気の比体積:V2から、同様に記憶しておいた関係式V=V1+X(V2−V1)を用いて蒸気の乾き度:Xを求めることができる。
【0012】
本実施例においては、容積流量計2と質量流量計3及び圧力センサ4と温度センサ5を、それぞれ別個に蒸気配管1に取り付けた例を示したが、これらをセンシング・ユニットとして一体化することにより、既設の蒸気配管の一部を変更することによって、この蒸気乾き度測定装置ユニットを簡単に取り付けたり、あるいは、取り外したりすることができる。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
上記のように本発明によれば、容積流量計と質量流量計を直列に配置することによって、絞り機構等の部材を省略することができ、構造が簡単で安価な蒸気の乾き度測定装置を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による蒸気の乾き度測定装置の構成図。
【符号の説明】
1 蒸気配管
2 容積流量計
3 質量流量計
4 圧力センサ
5 温度センサ
6 演算制御部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring so-called dryness: X, which indicates the moisture content in steam, that is, the ratio of the mass of dry saturated steam to the total mass per unit volume of steam. Thus, when the dryness is X, the wetness can be obtained as (1-X). In various boilers, equipment using steam power, drying equipment, etc., it is necessary to measure the dryness of steam for heat management. This is because, for example, the dry state changes depending on the moisture content in the steam.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In this, the first flow meter and the first pressure sensor, the throttle mechanism, the second flow meter and the second pressure sensor are attached to the steam pipe through which the steam flows down. A vapor dryness measuring apparatus for measuring the dryness of flowing steam is disclosed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above conventional steam dryness measuring device, in addition to a plurality of flow meters attached to the steam pipe, a throttle mechanism and a second pressure sensor are necessary, and the number of members increases and the device becomes complicated and expensive. There was a problem.
[0004]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a vapor dryness measuring apparatus that can omit members such as a throttle mechanism, has a simple structure, and is inexpensive.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The means of the present invention devised to solve the above problem is that a plurality of flow meters are arranged in a steam pipe through which steam flows and a pressure sensor or temperature sensor for detecting the pressure or temperature of the steam is attached, For measuring the dryness or wetness of steam, a volumetric flow meter that detects the volumetric flow rate of the flowing steam and a mass flowmeter that detects the mass flow rate of the flowing steam are arranged in series, respectively. From the detected value from the flow meter and the pressure value or temperature value of the steam, the volume flow value of the steam in the positive flow meter: A and the mass flow value of the steam in the mass flow meter: M to A / M = V From the equation, V, that is, the specific volume of the mixed fluid of steam and water droplet condensate is obtained, the specific volume of saturated water is V1, the specific volume of saturated steam is V2, and the dryness of steam is X. , V = V1 + X (V2-V1) Based, are those provided with the arithmetic control unit for calculating the dryness fraction or wetness of the steam flow.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The volumetric flow rate value A of the steam is detected by the volumetric flow meter, while the mass flow rate value M of the steam is detected by the mass flow meter, and V is obtained from the A / M = V formula, that is, the steam and water droplets are restored. The specific volume of the mixed fluid with water is obtained. Further, if the specific volume of saturated water is V1, the specific volume of saturated steam is V2, and the dryness of steam is X, the relational expression V = V1 + X (V2−V1) holds, and V1 and V2 are obtained from the steam table. The dryness of steam: X can be obtained by reading and inputting, or by reading from a steam table stored in advance in the arithmetic control unit.
[0007]
【Example】
In FIG. 1, a steam pipe 1 through which steam flows, a volumetric flow meter 2 and a mass flow meter 3 attached in series to the steam pipe 1, and a pressure attached to the steam pipe 1 between both flow meters 2 and 3. The sensor 4, the temperature sensor 5, and the calculation control unit 6 constitute a vapor dryness measuring device.
[0008]
As the volumetric flow meter 2, a conventionally known one such as a vortex flow meter using an Karman vortex, an ultrasonic flow meter, a throttle flow meter, or an area flow meter can be used. Similarly, a Coriolis flow meter or the like can be used as the mass flow meter 3.
[0009]
A pressure sensor 4 for detecting the pressure of steam in the pipe and a temperature sensor 5 for detecting temperature are attached to the steam pipe 1 between the flow meters 2 and 3. When reading the specific volume of saturated water and the specific volume of saturated steam from the steam table, when reading based on the steam pressure, use the detected value from the pressure sensor 4, while when reading based on the steam temperature A detection value from the temperature sensor 5 is used. Therefore, in order to read the specific volume of saturated water and saturated steam, it is only necessary to know either pressure or temperature.
[0010]
The flow meters 2 and 3 and the sensors 4 and 5 are electrically connected to the calculation control unit 6. The arithmetic control unit 6 incorporates a storage unit (not shown) and stores in advance at least the specific volume for each pressure and temperature in the steam table. The entire steam table can be stored in advance in the storage unit.
[0011]
In order to measure the dryness: X or the wetness: (1-X) of the steam flowing down in the steam pipe 1, first, the volumetric flow rate value: A of the steam is detected by the volumetric flow meter 2, while the mass flow rate is detected. The mass flow rate value M of the steam is detected by a total of 3 and V is calculated from the A / M = V equation, that is, the specific volume of the mixed fluid of steam and condensate is obtained by the arithmetic control unit 6, and then the arithmetic control unit From the specific volume of saturated water: V1 and the specific volume of saturated steam: V2 which are stored and read in FIG. 6, the dryness of the steam using the relational expression V = V1 + X (V2−V1) stored in the same way : X can be obtained.
[0012]
In the present embodiment, the example in which the volumetric flow meter 2, the mass flow meter 3, the pressure sensor 4 and the temperature sensor 5 are separately attached to the steam pipe 1 is shown, but these are integrated as a sensing unit. Thus, by changing a part of the existing steam pipe, the steam dryness measuring device unit can be easily attached or detached.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by disposing the volumetric flow meter and the mass flow meter in series, members such as a throttle mechanism can be omitted, and a vapor dryness measuring device that has a simple structure and is inexpensive. Obtainable.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vapor dryness measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steam piping 2 Volumetric flow meter 3 Mass flow meter 4 Pressure sensor 5 Temperature sensor 6 Calculation control part

Claims (1)

蒸気の流下する蒸気配管に複数の流量計を配置すると共に、蒸気の圧力又は温度を検出する圧力センサ又は温度センサを取り付けて、流下する蒸気の乾き度又は湿り度を測定するものにおいて、流下する蒸気の容積流量を検出する容積流量計と、流下する蒸気の質量流量を検出する質量流量計とを直列に配置して、当該それぞれの流量計からの検出値と、蒸気の圧力値又は温度値から、容積流量計での蒸気の容積流量値:Aと、質量流量計での蒸気の質量流量値:MからA/M=V式よりV、すなわち、蒸気と水滴状の復水との混合流体の比体積を求め、更に、飽和水の比体積をV1とし、飽和蒸気の比体積をV2とし、蒸気の乾き度をXとして、V=V1+X(V2−V1)なる関係式を基にして、流下する蒸気の乾き度又は湿り度を算出する演算制御部を具備したことを特徴とする蒸気の乾き度測定装置。In a system that measures the dryness or wetness of the flowing steam by installing a plurality of flow meters in the steam piping where the steam flows and attaching a pressure sensor or temperature sensor that detects the pressure or temperature of the steam. A volumetric flow meter that detects the volumetric flow rate of the steam and a mass flowmeter that detects the mass flow rate of the flowing-down steam are arranged in series, and the detected value from each flowmeter and the pressure value or temperature value of the steam From the volumetric flow rate value of the steam in the volumetric flow meter: A and the mass flow rate value of the steam in the mass flow meter: M to A / M = V from the formula V, that is, mixing of steam and water-drop condensate The specific volume of the fluid is obtained, and further, the specific volume of saturated water is V1, the specific volume of saturated steam is V2, and the dryness of steam is X, based on the relational expression V = V1 + X (V2−V1). , calculated dryness fraction or wetness of the steam flowing down Dryness measuring device of the steam, characterized by comprising a that arithmetic control unit.
JP2002361934A 2002-12-13 2002-12-13 Steam dryness measuring device Expired - Fee Related JP4011473B2 (en)

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JP4011473B2 true JP4011473B2 (en) 2007-11-21

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101839738B (en) * 2010-04-30 2012-11-14 西北工业大学 Wet steam flow instrument and measuring method
JP5924809B2 (en) * 2012-03-07 2016-05-25 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 Wetness measuring method and wetness measuring device

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