JP4003078B2 - wheelchair - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wheelchair having a caster that can be rotated at the front part, a main wheel at the center part, and a caster that can be rotated at the rear part, and can be placed on a bed or a chair.

  The conventional 6-wheel type wheelchair is for the occupant to move the weight to the rear of the wheelchair, tilt the wheelchair to the rear and lift the front caster, and rotate and move even in a narrow space . Therefore, the rear caster has a major purpose of preventing the wheelchair from falling over to prevent the wheelchair from falling backward when the weight is transferred behind the wheelchair.

  For example, the object of the invention of Patent Document 1 is described in paragraph ([0009]) on the second page, “The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and the direction of the wheelchair is smoothly changed. The purpose is to provide a versatile fall prevention mechanism. " The structure of the first aspect of the present invention is as follows: “Caster, a fixed rod that extends in a substantially vertical direction and is rotatably fixed to the lower end of the caster, and one end pivotally attached to the fixed rod. And a support arm whose other end is pivotally attached to the rear pipe of the wheelchair, and one end is pivotally attached to the fixed rod and the other end is pivotally attached to the upper member of the wheelchair. A wheelchair overturn prevention mechanism provided with a telescopic member to be operated. " The effect of the present invention is described in the paragraph ([0011]) on page 3 as follows: “In this fall prevention mechanism, the support arm is fixed to the back pipe, so the support arm becomes short. Therefore, when the load is applied, The caster (rear wheel) tilts less and the wheelchair changes smoothly, and the support arm is attached to the rear pipe, so it can be easily mounted on various wheelchairs. ” Is described.

  The structure of the multi-function wheelchair of Patent Document 2 is as follows. Claim 1 on page 2 “A pair of universal wheels that can freely turn is provided at the front portion of the chassis, and a pair of main wheels that are rotatable only in the front-rear direction is provided. By providing a back frame and a seat plate frame on the chassis such that they can be tilted in a vertical plane, and a pair of auxiliary wheels that can be freely turned are detachably attached to the rear part of the chassis. A multi-function wheelchair characterized in that the main wheel can be slightly lifted. " The effect is that, from the fifth line of the second page paragraph ([0006]), “the main wheel is slightly lifted by detachably attaching a pair of auxiliary wheels with freely turning directions to the rear part of the chassis. “This makes it easy to move the wheelchair in a narrow space.”

  As described above, the conventional 6-wheel wheelchair can be rotated on the rear pipe of the wheelchair for the purpose of providing a versatile fall prevention mechanism and enabling the wheelchair to be moved even in a narrow place. The problem is solved by installing a rear wheel on a support arm that is attached to the shaft or by detachably attaching it to the rear part of the chassis. However, there is still no wheelchair equipped with a mechanism that enables the fall prevention and the lateral movement of the wheelchair at the same time.

Further, in a reclining wheelchair having a tilt mechanism in which the seat surface and the backrest are tilted together, it is said that it is good for preventing wounds because the weight distribution of the seat surface changes. However, if a tilt mechanism is used in a reclining wheelchair, there is a risk that the center of gravity moves backward when the reclining is performed, and the position of the main wheel must be moved backward. It was. Furthermore, in a reclining wheelchair for care, when the caregiver moves the occupant to the bed or chair, the caregiver needs great physical strength because the caregiver cannot lie down on the bed or chair. Therefore, the advent of a reclining nursing wheelchair with a tilting mechanism that can be easily laid on a bed or a chair has been desired.
JP 2001-314450 A (see page 2) JP 2002-306543 A (see page 2)

  The present invention provides a fall-preventing mechanism that can be easily placed on a bed or chair and a wheelchair on which the caregiver is attached so that the caregiver can move the occupant to the bed or chair.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described facts, and a caster that can be rotated is attached to the front and rear of the main wheel of the wheelchair, and the main wheel is lifted to enable lateral movement. As a result, it was easy to access the bed and chair.

Means for solving the problems of the present invention is a wheelchair fall prevention mechanism comprising a foot pedal and a rotatable rear caster, and a rotatable rear caster is attached to one end of the rear caster support frame, A push-up member is attached to the other end, and a lower end portion of a bending member having a foot pedal attached to the upper portion is attached to the middle of the rear caster support frame, and is extended and contracted to a protruding portion of the bending portion of the bending member. A member is attached, a bent portion of the bending member is rotatably attached to the inner frame of the wheelchair, and the foot caster is stepped on, whereby the rear caster support frame is pushed forward, and the push-up member is A vehicle characterized in that the wheel can be moved not only in the front-rear direction but also in the lateral direction by pushing up the inner frame and causing the main wheel to float, and by using a rotatable front caster and a rotatable rear caster. It is the anti-tip mechanism of child. It is attached to the rear part of the main wheel of the wheelchair to prevent the wheelchair from falling backward and to move laterally.

Another means for solving the problems of the present invention is a fall-preventing mechanism for a wheelchair having a foot pedal and a rotatable rear caster, wherein the rear caster is attached to one end and a spring member is attached to the other end. A lower end portion of a bending member having a foot pedal is attached in the middle of the rear caster support frame on which the pushed-up member is attached, and the bending portion of the bending member is rotatably attached to the inner frame of the wheelchair. By stepping on the foot pedal, the rear caster support frame is pushed forward, and the push-up member pushes up the inner frame to lift the main wheel, and the rotatable front caster and the rotatable rear caster The wheelchair can be moved not only in the front-rear direction but also in the lateral direction.

  The other means for solving the problems of the present invention is the wheelchair toppling prevention mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a gas damper is used for the elastic member. By using a gas damper for the telescopic member, even a weak helper can easily lift the main wheel, and the wheelchair can be moved sideways to easily transfer the occupant to the bed or chair. .

  Another means for solving the problems of the present invention is a wheelchair having a pair of front casters and a pair of main wheels which are rotatable at the front part, and a pedal, a push-up member and a rotatable caster at the rear part of the main wheels. It is a wheelchair characterized in that a fall prevention mechanism equipped with the above can be installed and the pedal can be stepped to lift the main wheel of the wheelchair and move the wheelchair laterally. By installing a fall-prevention mechanism with a pivotable rear caster, the stability of the wheelchair is improved, and even a powerless assistant can step on a stepping foot pedal connected to the fall-prevention mechanism. The main wheel can be lifted easily. The wheelchair with the main wheel lifted can move in the horizontal direction, and the wheelchair can be placed on the bed or chair, and the armrest can be lowered to allow the occupant to easily transfer to the bed or chair from the side of the wheelchair. .

  The wheelchair according to the present invention can be used in a stable state with no fear of falling even if it falls back, by installing the rear caster. In addition, even by a weak assistant, the main wheel can be lifted easily by simply stepping on a foot pedal that can be stepped on the rear caster. The wheelchair whose main wheel has floated can move the occupant to the bed or chair from the side of the wheelchair by bringing the wheelchair close to the bed or chair.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but are not limited to the following examples within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

  The reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having a tilt mechanism according to the present invention includes a backrest having elasticity on a backrest frame 11 having a gripping portion 26 and elasticity from a seat frame 12 to a footrest support frame 13 as shown in FIG. It is a reclining type nursing care wheelchair which can install the seat which has this. The reclining nursing wheelchair 100 of the present invention has a tilt mechanism. When the backrest frame 11 is tilted, the tilt mechanism frame 24 pushes up the seat frame 12 and the footrest support frame 13 in conjunction with the backrest frame 11, As the backrest frame 11 falls, the footrest support frame 13 rises. A tilt mechanism that pushes up the seat and a mechanism that pushes up the footrest support frame 13 can be achieved by pulling the left and right levers 27a and 27b of the operation portion 27 of the backrest frame 11, respectively. The footrest support frame 13 includes an inner pipe 13a and an outer pipe 13b, and the footrest support frame 13 can be adjusted to an appropriate position by adjusting the length of the footrest support frame 13 according to the height of the care recipient and the state of the disease. . When the length of the footrest support frame 13 is adjusted, the footrest when the reclining is performed by changing the fixing portion 13c of the footrest support frame 13 installed in the adjustment hole 43a provided in the extrusion frame 43 to an appropriate position. 14 can be made flat.

  The rear caster 17 provided behind the main wheel 16 has an effect of preventing the fall due to the movement of the center of gravity of the wheelchair when the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism of the present invention is set to recline. The rear caster 17 having a fall-preventing action does not always need to be grounded in the same manner as the main wheel 16, and is several centimeters above the ground contact surface of the main wheel 16, that is, the rear caster 17 is 2-3 cm above the floor surface. Even if it has a fall prevention effect.

  A conventional reclining wheelchair has a height of about 560 mm from the floor surface to the upper part of the seat. If the height from the floor to the upper part of the seat is too high, movement from the wheelchair to the bed, or movement from the bed to the wheelchair will require a great deal of physical strength. The height from the floor surface to the upper part of the seat is preferably about 400 to 500 mm, and the height of the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism of the present invention is 460 mm from the floor to the upper part of the seat. Set.

  A rear caster 17 provided behind the main wheel 16 is configured such that when the foot pedal 19 connected to the left and right rear casters 17 is stepped on, the main wheel 16 is lifted as shown in FIG. When the main wheel 16 is lifted, the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism of the present invention is supported by the front caster 15 and the rear caster 17. As a result, the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism of the present invention can be moved not only forward but also laterally by the rotatable front caster 15 and rear caster 17. By lifting the main wheel 16, the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 can be brought close to the bed or chair, and the armrest can be lowered to allow the occupant to easily transfer to the bed or chair from the side of the wheelchair.

  FIG. 3 shows the front side of the seat of the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 of the present invention. When the footrest frame 13 of the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism according to the present invention is pushed up, the footrest telescopic member operation wire 41 is connected to the lever 27a of the operation portion 27 at the rear portion of the backrest frame 11. When the lever 27a is pulled, the footrest telescopic member 44 is unlocked and the push-up frame 43 connected to the footrest telescopic member 44 pushes up the footrest frame 13. When the lever 27a of the operation unit 27 is released at an arbitrary position, the footrest telescopic member 44 is locked, and the footrest 14 is fixed at an arbitrary position.

  FIG. 4 shows the rear side of the seat portion of the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism of the present invention. A seat elastic member 45 is attached to the lower rear of the wheelchair. When the seat stretchable member 45 is pulled, the seat stretchable member 45 is unlocked when the seat stretchable member operating wire 42 connected to the lever 27b (not shown) of the operation portion 27 at the rear of the back frame 11 is pulled. Then, the back frame 11 is tilted backward to make it recline. Further, the seat elastic member 45 pushes up the seat frame from below to give the seat a tilt angle. By providing the tilting mechanism in the reclining nursing wheelchair 100, it is useful for preventing wounds by not getting tired even when sitting for a long time and changing the weight distribution of the seating surface. In general, when tilting, there is a risk that the center of gravity of the wheelchair shifts backward and falls backward, but the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 according to the present invention attaches the rear caster 17 so that the wheelchair can be tilted. A stable state can be maintained.

  FIG. 5 shows the side of the seat from which the main wheel of the reclining nursing wheelchair having the tilt mechanism of the present invention is removed. The rear caster 17 of the fall prevention mechanism 200 is attached to the rear caster support frame 30, and the rear caster support frame 30 is supported by the push-up member 31 and the bending member 19 a under the inner frame 32. The armrest 18 is supported by an armrest support frame 18a, and the armrest support frame 18a is fitted into the armrest support 18b and fixed by a pin 18c biased by a spring. When adjusting the height of the armrest 18, the pin 18c biased by the spring is pushed and the armrest support 18b is slid up and down to adjust. The fixing method of the armrest support frame 18a is not limited to the pin 18c biased by the spring, and may be a method of tightening with a screw.

  FIG. 6 shows an attachment method of the fall prevention mechanism 200 on the left side of the rear portion of the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism of the present invention. A brake pedal 28 for the main wheel and a brake 29 operated by the brake pedal 28 are mounted on the side frame 21 at the rear of the main wheel 16. A rear caster support frame 30 to which the rear caster 17 is attached adjacent to the brake pedal 28 of the main wheel 16 is supported by the push-up member 31 and the bending member 19 a of the foot pedal 19. When the foot pedal 19 is depressed, the rear caster support frame 30 is pushed forward by the bending member 19a and moved forward, the internal frame 32 is pushed up by the push-up member 31 biased by the spring member, and the main wheel 16 is lifted. The reclining-type nursing wheelchair 100 of the present invention is supported by a rotatable front caster 15 and rear caster 17, and can move in the front-rear direction and the lateral direction.

  FIG. 7 shows a fall prevention mechanism 200 portion on the right side of the rear portion of the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism of the present invention. The rear caster support frame 30 for supporting the rear caster 17 of the fall prevention mechanism 200 portion is shown by the bending member 19a of the foot pedal 19 and the push-up member 31. It is supported. When the foot pedal 19 is stepped on, the rear caster support frame 30 is pushed forward by the bending member 19a, and the push-up member 31 biased by the spring is bent to push up the inner frame 32, so that the main wheel 16 can be lifted. .

  In general, the pedals attached to the fall prevention mechanism provided in the folding chair are not linked to the left and right pedals. However, in the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having the tilt mechanism of the present invention, the rear caster 17 has the fall prevention mechanism 200. The left and right rear casters 17 are interlocked by a foot pedal 19, and when the foot pedal 19 is stepped on, the rotatable rear casters 17 as the left and right fall-preventing mechanisms 200 lift the main wheel 16 to be rotatable. The front caster 15 and the rear caster 17 allow the wheelchair to be easily placed on a bed or chair.

  FIG. 8 shows a leaf spring 38, which is attached to the bottom of the bending member 19a of the foot pedal 19 in place of the push-up member 31 to which the spring is biased. When this leaf spring 38 is attached under the bending member 19a of the foot pedal 19 as shown in FIG. 9, there is no need to bias the spring against the push-up member 31, so that the push-up member 31 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, this can be pushed up by a single plate and has the effect of returning the foot pedal 19 to its original position. Furthermore, an elastic member can be used instead of a spring, a leaf spring, rubber or the like.

  FIG. 10 shows an example in which a telescopic member 39 for a rear caster is used in addition to a spring member such as a winding spring or a leaf spring. A gas spring (gas damper) was used as the expansion member 39 for the rear caster. By using the elastic member 39, the foot pedal 19 is lightly depressed. In FIG. 10, the rear caster 17 is slightly lifted from the floor surface, but by slightly lifting the rear caster 17 from the floor surface in this way, the undercarriage at the rear of the caregiver can be widened during normal use. It is possible to reduce resistance when the caregiver pushes the wheelchair. Moreover, if the rear caster 17 is lifted by about 2 to 3 cm from the floor surface, the shock absorption when it falls backward is slightly deteriorated, but it works sufficiently as a fall prevention mechanism.

  FIG. 11 shows a state where the foot caster 19 is depressed and the rear caster 17 is lowered. In FIG. 11, the foot caster 19 is depressed and the rear caster 17 is lowered from the floor surface. However, the main wheel 16 is lifted by the amount of the rear caster 17 being lowered from the floor surface. . As described above, the method for raising and lowering the rear caster 17 can use an elastic member such as a gas damper and a rotary damper in addition to a winding spring, a leaf spring, rubber, and the like, and in particular, for raising and lowering the rear caster 17. The method is not limited to the above embodiment.

  FIG. 12 shows an attachment 34 for moving the axle of the main wheel 16. The attachment shown in FIG. 12 is fixed with screws at the attachment position 33 shown in FIG. 11 together with the screw holes 34a, 34b, 34c of the attachment 34 and the screw holes provided at the attachment attachment position 33, and the axle of the main wheel is attached to 34d. Insert and fix. By using this attachment 34, the main wheel 16 can be moved about 180 mm forward of the wheelchair. When a caregiver with a large body uses, the position of the main wheel can be moved to the front of the wheelchair and used in a stable state.

  FIG. 13 shows an armrest 35 with a cover. The example which mounted | wore the reclining type nursing wheelchair 100 which has a tilt mechanism of this invention with the armrest 35 with a cover is shown. The armrest 18 is covered with a cover and finished beautifully. Narrow attachment plates 35a and 35b were attached to both sides of the lower portion of the armrest 18 so as to sandwich the armrest support frame 20, and a beautiful nonwoven fabric was attached thereon. In order to make it easy for the passenger to operate the armrest 18 up and down, a lever 35c is attached just below the armrest 18, and the wire 35d is connected to a pin on which the spring of the fixing portion 18c of the armrest is biased. A cut 35e was made in the nonwoven fabric between the narrow attachment plates 35a and 35b with the armrest support frame 20 in between, so that the armrest support frame 20 could be moved up and down.

  FIG. 14 shows a slide plate 36 mounted in front of the seat part in order to adjust the length of the seat part back and forth. The slide plate 36 slides in a rectangular screw hole 36a provided in the center by loosening the screw 36b of the slide plate 36 when the seat portion is moved forward or lowered depending on the physique of the passenger. The length of the seat portion can be adjusted back and forth by tightening the screw 36b at a desired position.

  FIG. 15 shows a state where a cushion 37 having a seat portion and a backrest portion is attached to a reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having a tilt mechanism of the present invention. By mounting the cushion 37 in a state where the footrest 14 and the backrest portion are connected to the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having a tilt mechanism, the seat portion and the backrest are not separated even in the reclining state, and the occupant is stable. You can sit in this state.

  FIG. 16 shows a state where the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having a tilt mechanism is reclining. By pulling a lever 27b (not shown) of the operation unit 27 for operating the reclining attached to the backrest frame 11, the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having a tilt mechanism can be brought into a reclining state. Further, the footrest 14 can be raised by pulling the lever 27 a of the operation unit 27. Further, when the rear foot pedal 19 is stepped on, the main wheel 16 is lifted by the push-up member 31 attached to the front of the rear caster 17. In a state in which the main wheel 16 is lifted, the reclining nursing wheelchair 100 having a tilt mechanism by the front caster 15 and the rear caster 17 can be moved left and right, and when the occupant is moved to the bed, or from the bed When putting on the reclining type care wheelchair 100 which has a tilt mechanism, a big force is not required and it can be transferred without giving pain to a care recipient.

The side view of a reclining type nursing care wheelchair. The side view of the reclining type care wheelchair in the state where the main wheel was lifted. The top view of the front side which shows the mechanism which raises a footrest. The top view of the back side which shows a tilt mechanism. The fragmentary perspective view which shows the positional relationship of a rear part caster. The partial perspective view which shows the structure of the left side part of a rear caster. The fragmentary perspective view which shows the structure of the right side part of a rear caster. The perspective view of a leaf | plate spring. The side view of the foot pedal part which attached the leaf | plate spring. The partial side view of the state which attached the expansion-contraction member and raised the foot pedal. The partial side view of the state which attached the expansion-contraction member and lowered the foot pedal. The perspective view of the attachment of a main wheel. The perspective view of an armrest with a cover. The top view of the slide board of a seat part. The perspective view of a reclining type nursing care wheelchair. The perspective view which made the reclining-type nursing wheelchair reclining.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100: Reclining type nursing wheelchair 200: Fall prevention mechanism 11: Backrest frame 12: Seat frame 13: Footrest support frame 14: Footrest 15: Front caster 16: Main wheel 17: Rear caster 18: Armrest 19: Foot pedal 20 : Front frame 21: Side frame 22: Rear frame 23: Lower frame 24: Tilt mechanism frame 25: Telescopic member 26: Holding part 27: Operation part 28: Brake pedal 29: Brake 30: Rear caster support frame 31: Push-up member 32: Internal frame 33: Attachment mounting position 34: Attachment 35: Armrest with cover 36: Slide plate 37: Cushion 38: Leaf spring 39: Retractable member for rear caster 41: Retractable member for footrest Operation wire 42: For seat Contraction member operating wire 43: Extrusion Frame 44: footrest elastic member 45: for the seat and elastic members

Claims (3)

A wheelchair toppling prevention mechanism 100 having a foot pedal 19 and a rotatable rear caster 17 , wherein the rotatable rear caster 17 is attached to one end of the rear caster support frame 30 and the push-up member is attached to the other end. 31 is installed, and a lower end portion of a bending member 19a having a foot pedal 19 attached to the upper portion is attached to the middle of the rear caster support frame 30 , and is extended and contracted to a protruding portion of the bending portion of the bending member 19a. A member 39 is attached, and a bent portion of the bending member 19a is rotatably attached to the inner frame 32 of the wheelchair. The rear caster 17 of the fall prevention mechanism attached to the wheelchair floats from the ground contact surface of the main wheel 16. a state, by踏動the foot pedal 19 which is clamped by the upper part of the bent member 19a, a rear caster support frame 30 is pushed forward, the push-up member 3 And wherein but that can push up the inner frame 32 is floated to the main wheel 16, also moves laterally as well wheelchairs longitudinal direction only rotatable front caster 15 and rotatable rear casters 17 Wheelchair fall prevention mechanism. A wheelchair toppling prevention mechanism including a foot pedal 19 and a rotatable rear caster 17 , the rear caster 17 being installed at one end, and a push-up member 31 having a spring member biased at the other end A lower end portion of a bending member 19a having a foot pedal 19 is attached to the middle of the rear caster support frame 30 , and the bending portion of the bending member 19a is rotatably attached to an inner frame 32 of the wheelchair. The rear caster 17 mounted on the fall prevention mechanism is in a state of floating from the ground contact surface of the main wheel 16 , and the rear caster is supported by stepping on the foot pedal 19 mounted on the upper part of the bending member 19a. frame 30 is pushed forward, the push-up member 31 is caused to float the main wheels 16 pushes up the inner frame 32, the rotatable front caster 15 and pivotable rear key Wheelchair overturn preventing mechanism, characterized in that it can also move laterally as well as wheelchairs longitudinal direction only in a star 17. In a wheelchair having a pair of front casters 15 and a pair of main wheels 16 which are rotatable at the front, a foot pedal 19 , a push-up member 31 and a rotatable rear caster 17 are provided at the rear of the main wheels 16. The fall prevention mechanism according to claim 1 or claim 2 is installed, and by stepping on the foot pedal 19 , the main wheel 16 of the wheelchair is lifted, and the front caster 15 and the rear caster 17 are moved in the front-rear direction. A wheelchair characterized by being able to move not only horizontally.

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