JP3998322B2 - Method and apparatus for maintaining freshness of food - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for maintaining freshness of food Download PDF

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JP3998322B2
JP3998322B2 JP09856098A JP9856098A JP3998322B2 JP 3998322 B2 JP3998322 B2 JP 3998322B2 JP 09856098 A JP09856098 A JP 09856098A JP 9856098 A JP9856098 A JP 9856098A JP 3998322 B2 JP3998322 B2 JP 3998322B2
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food
powder
conductive layer
electrostatic induction
electrode
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JPH11276134A (en
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秀一 飛田
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株式会社 アイシス
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、食品の鮮度維持に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
食品の鮮度を長期間維持する技術は、輸送距離の長距離化や貯蔵期間の長期化に伴い需要が高くなっているが、これには大型の冷蔵庫や冷蔵装置つきの輸送車を必要とし、効率的かつ経済的とは言えないのが現状である。
また、食料品の小売店においても鮮度管理は大きな課題であり、小売店における鮮度維持期間の延長は、無用の廃棄処分を可及的に減らすことができ、在庫管理を容易にするものとして期待されてる。
更に、いわゆるコールドチェーン方式においては、一部で冷蔵輸送のリンクが切れると食品の品質保証ができない。この点から、特に小売店に配達された後冷蔵ケースに陳列されるまでの時間が問題となっており、ある程度常温下におかれても品質に影響しない鮮度保持技術が望まれている。
【0003】
従来電場を利用した食品の鮮度保持装置としては高電圧高周波数装置の端子を電極マットの極板に接続し、電極マット上に食品を載せるようにしたものが提案されている(特公昭57−56854号)。また、冷蔵庫内に高電圧電源を設置して収容容器に電界を与えるようにしたものも提案されている(特開昭63−113282号)。
更に、高電圧により微生物を殺菌する技術(特許第26551740号)、高電圧により食品を乾燥させる技術(特公平4−40628号)などが提案されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の電場を利用した装置は、いずれも高電圧を印加した電極を電場の発生源として用いている。これらの装置は電極を絶縁体で被覆して感電を防止しているが、被覆の破損による感電事故の防止は、過電流による遮断回路に依存している。
特に、生鮮食料品の取扱場所は水気の多いことが多く、感電の事故に対しては万全の対応が必要であり、大きな問題となっている。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1の発明は、絶縁された電極と、導電層を絶縁して構成したシート状、箱状又は棒状の静電誘導部とを密着させ、前記導電層に発生する静電誘導電場に食品を配置るようにしたものである。そして、前記導電層を構成する導電体としては、活性炭粉末又はシリカ粉末若しくは活性炭粉末又はシリカ粉末とアルミニウム粉末の組合せなどが好適である(請求項2)。この発明において「活性炭」には「炭」を含むものである。なお、この装置においては直流、交流いずれでも効果を得ることができる。また、この発明でいう「食品」には「水」も含まれる。
【0006】
【作用】
この発明において、絶縁された電極に適宜の電圧を印加すると、絶縁された静電誘導部に静電誘導による静電場が発生する。この静電場に食品を配置すると、食品の鮮度が維持される。
静電場により食品の鮮度が維持される原因は、食品を静電場に置くことにより食品に含まれる水分が活性化されることにあると考えられる。したがって、導電層を構成する導電体には、活性炭やシリカ粉末など、それ自体活性化作用を持つ物質を含ませることが好ましい。
【0007】
この発明においては、絶縁された電極と絶縁された静電誘導部とを組み合わせ、静電誘導された静電場を利用して食品の鮮度維持を図るものであるから、感電のおそれが少なく、また100V程度の商用電圧でも鮮度維持効果を得ることができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
図において、変圧器1の出力側に電極2が接続してある。この電極2は全面に亘り合成樹脂で被覆されて、完全に絶縁されている。
前記電極2は静電誘導部3に密着させてある。この静電誘導部3は、合成樹脂製の表裏の絶縁層4、4の間に導電層5を形成して構成され、導電層5は絶縁層4によって完全に絶縁されている。
すなわち、前記電極2と静電誘導部3とは電気的な接触はなく互いに完全に絶縁されている。
【0009】
前記静電誘導部3の具体的な構成としては、導電体としてアルミニウム粉末又は銅粉末などの導電性金属粉末を用いて導電層5を形成し、これを絶縁層4で被覆する構成、導電体として粉末を用い、導電体粉末を絶縁層4の内面に塗布又は印刷などの手段で担持させて導電層5を形成する構成などがある。そして、前記導電層は必ずしも連続している必要はなく、不連続に点在しても静電場効果を得ることができる。
【0010】
前記導電体として用いる粉末としては、アルミニウム、銅などの金属粉末の他、備長炭、竹炭などの炭その他の活性炭の粉末あるいはシリカ粉末を単独で、又は金属粉末と組み合わせて使用することができる。
なお、前記導電体として金属粉末に代えて金属箔を使用することもできる。
【0011】
また、静電誘導部の形状は、図に示すシート状の他、箱状として箱内全体が静電場となるようにしたり、棒状として周囲に静電場が形成されるようにする態様も考えられる。
【0012】
【実施例1】
内容量が70リットルの冷蔵庫の底部に、7cm×15cmの電極を密着させた静電誘導部を敷設した。静電誘導部は、2枚のポリエステルフィルムの間に導電体としてアルミニウム粉末2gを分散固定して導電層としたものを使用した。冷蔵庫の庫内温度を3度Cとし、イチゴのショートケーキを前記静電誘導部上に置き、所定の電圧を電極に印加して保存したところ、表1に示すデータが得られた。
【0013】
【表1】

Figure 0003998322
【0014】
上記において、電圧0Vの例は、実質的にこの装置を使用しない冷蔵のみによる保存の場合と同じと考えられる。そして、これとの比較において、100Vという低電圧の商用電圧を印加した場合においても、保存性が顕著に向上していることが認められる。
【0015】
【実施例2】
実施例1と同じ条件で、導電体をアルミニウム粉末に替えて備長炭粉末及び備長炭粉末とアルミニウム粉末の組み合わせとし、印加電圧を750Vとして同様の保存テストを行ったところ、表2に示すデータが得られた。
【0016】
【表2】
Figure 0003998322
【0017】
上記においては表1における750V印加時の結果と明らかな差異は表れていないが、静電誘導電場により食品の鮮度維持効果が得られる理由は、食品に含まれる水分の活性化にあると思われるので、導電体として備長炭を使用することにより一層長期に亘り鮮度が維持されるものと推測される。そして、導電率を勘案すると、備長炭単体での使用よりも、アルミニウムなど金属との組み合わせが好ましいものと推測される。
【0018】
【実施例3】
実施例1と同じ条件で、庫内温度を変え、保存食品をカステラに変えて、印加電圧を750Vとして同様の保存テストを行ったところ、表3に示すデータが得られた。
【0019】
【表3】
Figure 0003998322
【0020】
この結果から、この発明によれば庫内温度が比較的高くとも、鮮度維持期間が伸びることが分かる。
【0021】
【実施例4】
実施例1におけるイチゴショートケーキを鶏肉に替えて同様の保存テストを行ない、外観の状態を観察したところ、表4に示すデータが得られた。
【0022】
【表4】
Figure 0003998322
【0023】
【発明の効果】
この発明によれば以下の効果が得られる。
静電誘導によって得られる静電場を利用するので、感電の危険性が殆どなく、アースとの絶縁も最小限で足りる。このことは、感電の危険性の大きさ、そしてアースとの強固な絶縁が不可欠であるという、高電圧の電流を直接利用する従来方式(直接方式)の本質的な問題点を完全に解消するものである。
ちなみに、この発明の採用する誘電方式においては、電極とアースとの間のインピーダンスを高く設定することができ、感電の危険性を可及的に小さくすることが可能であるが、従来の直接方式では両者間のインピーダンスが低く、感電の危険性を解消できない。
【0024】
感電の危険性が極めて小さいので、広範な場で使用することができる。例えば、従来方式では感電のおそれが高いために電場発生源と食品(特に水気の多い魚介類など)との接触は厳禁であったが、この発明によれば、静電誘導部に直接魚介類などを載せることも可能であり、寿司店の冷ケースや小売店の冷ケースにこの発明の静電誘導部を敷設し、その上に直接食品を載せることも可能である。
【0025】
更に、この発明の静電誘導部は任意の形状に形成することができる。したがって、この発明の静電誘導部を箱形として段ボール箱やプラスチックコンテナ内に装着することも可能であり、これを輸送時に使用すればコールドチェーンにおける冷蔵搬送の断絶による品質の劣化を防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 この発明の実施の形態の概略を示す図である。
【図2】 同じく静電誘導部の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 変圧器
2 電極
3 静電誘導部
4 絶縁層
5 導電層[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to maintaining the freshness of food.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The technology to maintain the freshness of food for a long period of time is in high demand due to the longer transportation distance and the longer storage period, but this requires a large refrigerator and a transport vehicle with a refrigeration system. The current situation is not ideal and economical.
Freshness management is also a major issue in grocery retailers, and extending the freshness maintenance period in retail stores is expected to reduce unnecessary waste disposal as much as possible and facilitate inventory management. It has been done.
Furthermore, in the so-called cold chain method, quality assurance of food cannot be performed if the refrigerated transport link is partially broken. From this point of view, the time until it is displayed in a refrigerated case after being delivered to a retail store is a problem, and a freshness maintaining technique that does not affect the quality even at a certain room temperature is desired.
[0003]
Conventionally, as a food freshness maintaining device using an electric field, a device in which a terminal of a high voltage high frequency device is connected to an electrode plate of an electrode mat and food is placed on the electrode mat has been proposed (Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 57- 56854). There has also been proposed a high-voltage power supply installed in the refrigerator to apply an electric field to the container (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-113282).
Furthermore, a technique for sterilizing microorganisms with a high voltage (Japanese Patent No. 2551740), a technique for drying food with a high voltage (Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-40628), and the like have been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
All of the conventional devices using an electric field use an electrode to which a high voltage is applied as an electric field generating source. In these devices, the electrode is covered with an insulator to prevent electric shock, but prevention of an electric shock accident due to breakage of the coating depends on an overcurrent interruption circuit.
In particular, fresh food products are often handled with a lot of moisture, and electric shock accidents must be dealt with thoroughly, which is a major problem.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, an insulated electrode and a sheet-like, box-like, or rod-like electrostatic induction portion constituted by insulating a conductive layer are brought into close contact with each other, and food is applied to the electrostatic induction electric field generated in the conductive layer. it is those you so that you placed. And as a conductor which comprises the said conductive layer, activated carbon powder, silica powder, activated carbon powder, or the combination of silica powder and aluminum powder is suitable (Claim 2) . In the present invention, “activated carbon” includes “charcoal”. In this apparatus, the effect can be obtained by either direct current or alternating current. In addition, “food” in the present invention includes “water”.
[0006]
[Action]
In the present invention, when an appropriate voltage is applied to the insulated electrode, an electrostatic field due to electrostatic induction is generated in the insulated electrostatic induction part. When food is placed in this electrostatic field, the freshness of the food is maintained.
The reason why the freshness of the food is maintained by the electrostatic field is considered to be that the moisture contained in the food is activated by placing the food in the electrostatic field. Therefore, it is preferable that the conductor constituting the conductive layer contains a substance having an activating action such as activated carbon or silica powder.
[0007]
In the present invention, since the insulated electrode and the insulated electrostatic induction unit are combined and the freshness of the food is maintained by utilizing the electrostatically induced electrostatic field, there is less risk of electric shock, A freshness maintaining effect can be obtained even with a commercial voltage of about 100V.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the figure, an electrode 2 is connected to the output side of the transformer 1. The electrode 2 is covered with a synthetic resin over the entire surface and is completely insulated.
The electrode 2 is in close contact with the electrostatic induction section 3. The electrostatic induction portion 3 is configured by forming a conductive layer 5 between front and back insulating layers 4 and 4 made of synthetic resin, and the conductive layer 5 is completely insulated by the insulating layer 4.
That is, the electrode 2 and the electrostatic induction part 3 are not electrically contacted and are completely insulated from each other.
[0009]
As a specific configuration of the electrostatic induction unit 3, a conductive layer 5 is formed using a conductive metal powder such as aluminum powder or copper powder as a conductor, and this is covered with an insulating layer 4, a conductor The conductive layer 5 may be formed by using a powder and supporting the conductive powder on the inner surface of the insulating layer 4 by means such as coating or printing. The conductive layer is not necessarily continuous, and an electrostatic field effect can be obtained even if the conductive layer is scattered discontinuously.
[0010]
As the powder used as the conductor, in addition to metal powder such as aluminum and copper, charcoal and other activated carbon powder such as Bincho charcoal and bamboo charcoal, or silica powder can be used alone or in combination with metal powder.
In addition, it can replace with metal powder as said conductor, and can also use metal foil.
[0011]
In addition to the sheet shape shown in the figure, the shape of the electrostatic induction portion may be a box shape so that the entire inside of the box becomes an electrostatic field, or an electrostatic field is formed around it as a rod shape. .
[0012]
[Example 1]
An electrostatic induction part having a 7 cm × 15 cm electrode adhered thereto was laid on the bottom of a refrigerator having an internal capacity of 70 liters. The electrostatic induction portion used was a conductive layer in which 2 g of aluminum powder was dispersed and fixed as a conductor between two polyester films. When the refrigerator internal temperature was set to 3 ° C., a strawberry shortcake was placed on the electrostatic induction part, and a predetermined voltage was applied to the electrode for storage, the data shown in Table 1 was obtained.
[0013]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003998322
[0014]
In the above, the example of the voltage 0V is considered to be substantially the same as the case of storage only by refrigeration without using this device. And in comparison with this, even when a commercial voltage as low as 100 V is applied, it is recognized that the storage stability is remarkably improved.
[0015]
[Example 2]
Under the same conditions as in Example 1, the conductor was changed to aluminum powder, and Bincho charcoal powder, a combination of Bincho charcoal powder and aluminum powder, and the same storage test was performed at an applied voltage of 750 V. The data shown in Table 2 was obtained. Obtained.
[0016]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003998322
[0017]
In the above, there is no obvious difference from the result when 750 V is applied in Table 1, but the reason why the freshness maintaining effect of the food can be obtained by the electrostatic induction electric field seems to be the activation of moisture contained in the food. Therefore, it is estimated that the freshness is maintained for a longer period by using Bincho charcoal as the conductor. And considering the conductivity, it is presumed that a combination with a metal such as aluminum is preferable to the use of Bincho charcoal alone.
[0018]
[Example 3]
Under the same conditions as in Example 1, the storage temperature was changed, the stored food was changed to Castella, and the same storage test was performed at an applied voltage of 750 V. The data shown in Table 3 was obtained.
[0019]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003998322
[0020]
From this result, it can be seen that according to the present invention, the freshness maintenance period is extended even if the internal temperature is relatively high.
[0021]
[Example 4]
When the same preservation test was performed by replacing the strawberry shortcake in Example 1 with chicken, and the appearance was observed, the data shown in Table 4 were obtained.
[0022]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003998322
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
Since an electrostatic field obtained by electrostatic induction is used, there is almost no risk of electric shock and insulation from the ground is minimal. This completely eliminates the essential problems of the conventional method (direct method) that directly uses the high-voltage current, which is the danger of electric shock and that it is essential to have strong insulation from the ground. Is.
Incidentally, in the dielectric method adopted by the present invention, the impedance between the electrode and the ground can be set high, and the risk of electric shock can be reduced as much as possible. Then, the impedance between the two is low, and the risk of electric shock cannot be resolved.
[0024]
Since the risk of electric shock is extremely small, it can be used in a wide range of places. For example, in the conventional method, since there is a high risk of electric shock, contact between the electric field generation source and food (especially seafood with a lot of moisture) is strictly prohibited. It is also possible to lay the electrostatic induction part of the present invention in a cold case of a sushi restaurant or a cold case of a retail store, and directly place food on it.
[0025]
Furthermore, the electrostatic induction part of this invention can be formed in arbitrary shapes. Therefore, it is possible to mount the electrostatic induction part of the present invention in a box shape in a cardboard box or a plastic container, and if this is used during transportation, quality deterioration due to interruption of refrigerated transportation in the cold chain can be prevented. Can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electrostatic induction part.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transformer 2 Electrode 3 Static induction part 4 Insulating layer 5 Conductive layer

Claims (2)

絶縁された電極と、導電層を絶縁して構成したシート状、箱状又は棒状の静電誘導部とを密着させ、前記導電層に発生する静電誘導電場に食品を配置するようにした、食品の鮮度維持装置The insulated electrode and the sheet-like, box-like or rod-like electrostatic induction part constituted by insulating the conductive layer are brought into close contact, and food is arranged in the electrostatic induction electric field generated in the conductive layer. Food freshness maintenance device 導電層を構成する導電体は、活性炭粉末又はシリカ粉末若しくは活性炭粉末又はシリカ粉末と金属粉末の組合せとした、請求項2記載の食品の鮮度維持装置 The food freshness maintenance device according to claim 2, wherein the conductor constituting the conductive layer is activated carbon powder, silica powder, activated carbon powder, or a combination of silica powder and metal powder.
JP09856098A 1998-03-26 1998-03-26 Method and apparatus for maintaining freshness of food Expired - Fee Related JP3998322B2 (en)

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WO2004031082A1 (en) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-15 J.E.S Co., Ltd. Method for preserving perishable foods and water using planar conductive carbon sheet and its preserving apparatus
JP2008273622A (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-11-13 Mitsui O S K Lines Ltd Electrostatic field generation sheet and electrostatic field generation container
EP2176125A1 (en) * 2007-08-08 2010-04-21 Picy Gestion S.A.S. Reducing the boundary layer of aerodynamic effects
JP5839287B2 (en) * 2012-07-27 2016-01-06 規嘉 ▲高▼島 Method for forming functional space and method for manufacturing or processing food or food using the same
JP2019097498A (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-24 渡邊 貴美恵 Electric field forming device, cold storage vessel, and construction method of electric field forming device

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