JP3993317B2 - Laminated film - Google Patents
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- JP3993317B2 JP3993317B2 JP24885698A JP24885698A JP3993317B2 JP 3993317 B2 JP3993317 B2 JP 3993317B2 JP 24885698 A JP24885698 A JP 24885698A JP 24885698 A JP24885698 A JP 24885698A JP 3993317 B2 JP3993317 B2 JP 3993317B2
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- film
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は耐候性、耐汚染性、透明性、及び柔軟性に優れ、かつ、プラスチック、ゴム、その他の基材との接着性の改良されたフッ素樹脂系積層フィルムに関す
【0002】
る。
【従来の技術】
近年、屋内外装用部材の表面保護フィルムとしてポリメタクリル酸エステル系フィルム、フッ素樹脂系フィルム等が各種塗料とともに使用されている。
【0003】
とりわけフッ素樹脂系フィルムは、その優れた耐候性等を生かして、壁紙やエレベーター、車両等の内装材のほか屋根材、壁材、雨どい、ガレージの屋根、サンルーム、農業用資材、テント用布、看板、標識、ラベル、窓ガラス用等、多岐にわたる用途に使用されている。
【0004】
また、このフッ素樹脂系フィルムの貼り合わせの対象基材は、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリメタクリル酸メチル、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体、FRP等のプラスチック基材のほかEPDM、CSMその他のゴム基材、アルミニウム箔、鋼板等の金属のほか合板、ガラス等と幅広い。
【0005】
そして、従来のフッ素樹脂系フィルムとしては、貼り合わせ用として、例えばポリフッ化ビニリデンとメタクリル酸メチルとの複合フィルムまたはそれらの混合比を異にする2種類のフィルムの複合フィルムが開発されてきた。(特開平5−50566号)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記従来のフッ素樹脂系フィルムは、貼り合わせ基材によっては接着性に未だ不十分な場合があり、また軟質の貼り合わせの対象基材に用いた場合の柔軟性に劣るとともに、貼り合わせの対象基材の表面外観に悪影響を与えるという欠点を有していた。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は熱可塑性のフッ素樹脂を使用するとともに、接着剤層を工夫することにより、接着性、柔軟性を改良し、また透明性を確保すれば対象基材の表面外観に悪影響を与えにくい点に着目し、表面保護に適したフッ素樹脂系フィルムを提供せんとするものである。
【0008】
すなわち、表面層と接着剤層を有する積層フィルムにおいて、前記表面層が熱可塑性のフッ素樹脂を主成分とする樹脂組成物からなり、前記接着剤層がポリメチルメタクリレートの一部を少なくともアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレートで置換したアクリル酸エステル共重合体を主成分とする樹脂組成物からなり、積層フィルムの0〜30℃における引張り弾性率が1.0×109 〜8.0×107 (Pa)であり、かつ光線透過率が80%以上であることを特徴とする積層フィルム、および、前記表面層がフッ化ビニリデン成分と他のフッ素樹脂成分との共重合体またはフッ素樹脂からなるブレンド体を主成分とし、該主成分中のフッ化ビニリデン成分が10〜50重量%以下である樹脂組成物からなることを特徴とする請求項1の積層フィルム、および、表面層の接着剤層と反対の面に剥離性の基材を積層したことを特徴とする請求項1の積層フィルム、および、剥離性の基材が延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム、高密度ポリエチレンフィルムのうちから選ばれたことを特徴とする請求項1の積層フィルムに関する。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明を詳述する。
【0010】
本発明で使用する表面層は、熱可塑性のフッ素樹脂を主成分とする樹脂組成物からなるものであればよく、要するに、シート状に成形できるもの、すなわち、熱溶融成形可能なものであればよく、テトラフルオロエチレンの単独重合体以外のフッ素樹脂であれば特に制限なく使用することができる。
【0011】
また、前記表面層がフッ化ビニリデン成分と他のフッ素樹脂成分との共重合体またはフッ素樹脂からなるブレンド体を主成分とし、該主成分中のフッ化ビニリデン成分が10〜50重量%以下である樹脂組成物からなるものであれば、主成分中のフッ化ビニリデン成分が接着層とのなじみをよくするという利点があり、主成分中の量は好ましくは10〜50重量%とすることができる。この場合主成分中のフッ化ビニリデン成分が50重量%を越える場合には、接着性、透明性、柔軟性のバランスを確保するのが困難になり、一方、10重量%未満では接着性を改善する効果が顕著でない。
【0012】
本発明における、熱可塑性のフッ素樹脂としては、共重合体としてはモノマー成分としてフッ化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニル、トリフルオロエチレン、テトラフルオロエチレン、ペンタフルオロプロピレン、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン等の含フッ素系モノマー成分を含む共重合体、あるいは前記成分にエチレン、アルキルビニルエーテル等のビニルモノマーなどが共重合体全体の10モル%以下、併用された共重合体などがある。
【0013】
また、熱可塑性のフッ素樹脂からなるブレンド体としては、上記共重合体、あるいは上記成分の単独重合体を、2種類以上ブレンドしたものが使用できる。
【0014】
そして、具体的にはビニリデンフルオライド−テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、ビニリデンフルオライド−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン−エチレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、あるいはこれらのブレンド体、さらには上記とポリビニリデンフルオライド、ポリビニルフルオライドなどとのブレンド体が挙げられる。
【0015】
主成分を構成する特に好ましい樹脂としては、フッ化ビニリデンを10〜50重量%含むビニリデンフルオライド−テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体が挙げられる。この共重合体のフィルムは結晶性が低く透明性が良好で、柔軟性に優れ、しかも接着性にも優れるので最も好適である。
【0016】
樹脂組成物として、これら主成分を構成する樹脂のほかに顔料、充填剤、衝撃改良剤、紫外線吸収・遮蔽剤、加工助剤、架橋剤などの各種添加剤を積層フィルムの特性、特に透明性、柔軟性、接着層との接着性、ブレンド体の相溶性を損なわず、溶解度を超えてブリードアウト・プレートアウトを起こさない範囲で添加することができる。
【0017】
本発明において、接着剤層としては、ポリメチルメタクリレートの一部を少なくともアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレートで置換したアクリル酸エステル共重合体を主成分とする樹脂組成物を使用する。
【0018】
この樹脂組成物は、ポリメチルメタクリレート成分自体が透明性を阻害しないとともに耐候性に優れており、アミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレートで置換したことにより接着性が向上し、長期間屋外に放置しても、接着性が低下したり着色したり、水分により接着性が低下したりしにくいものである。
【0019】
アミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレートとしては、(メタ)アクリル酸β−アミノエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸アミノメチル、(メタ)アクリル酸γ−アミノプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸N−(β−アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸N,N−ジメチルアミノエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸N,N−ジエチルアミノエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸t−ブチルアミノエチル、(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアヌレート、(メタ)アクリロイルモルホリン、N−(メタ)アクリロイルピロリドン、N−(メタ)アクリロイルカプロラクタム、(メタ)アクリル酸ポリ(アミノエチル)などが代表的に使用できる。
【0020】
アミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレートの含有量は主成分の0.1重量%〜30重量%以下が望ましい。0.1重量%未満であれば極性効果が損なわれるためか接着性が不十分となり、30重量%を越えると軟化温度が低くなるためか接着性が低下し粘着しやすくなってハンドリング性が悪化し、さらには着色(黄変)が生じたり、耐候性や耐水性が低下しやすい。
【0021】
その他適宜要求される性能に応じて、各種モノマーを共重合することも可能である。例えば、耐熱性が必要であれば(メタ)アクリル酸やヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等を共重合し、さらに、ポリイソシアネートやメラミン等架橋剤を別に加えて硬化させたり、可塑性が必要であればアクリル酸エチルやアクリル酸ブチル等を共重合することも可能である。
【0022】
接着剤中には酸化防止剤、顔料、紫外線吸収剤等を接着性、透明性を損なわない範囲で添加することが可能である。
【0023】
本発明の表面層と接着剤層を有する積層フィルムは、積層フィルムの0〜30℃における引張り弾性率が1.0×109 〜8.0×107 (Pa)であり、光線透過率が80%以上であることが必要とされる。
【0024】
積層フィルムの引張り弾性率が1.0×109 (Pa)を越えると柔軟性が損なわれ、8.0×107 (Pa )未満では、柔らかすぎてハンドリング性が損なわれ好ましくない。また、光線透過率が80%未満では透明性が損なわれ、貼り合わせの対象基材の外観を損なうので好ましくない。これら引張り弾性率、光線透過率はいずれも表面層のモノマー組成、結晶性によりコントロールすることが可能である。
【0025】
さらにこの積層フィルムは、表面層の厚さが50μm以下で、接着剤層の厚さが5μm以下であることがより好ましい。表面層が50μmを超えると表面保護フィルムとして透明性が損なわれるほか、耐汚染性、耐候性などにおいて過剰品位となり経済性の点で問題となる。接着剤層の厚さが5μmを超えると同様に透明性、耐候性が損なわれるほか、接着性などにおいて過剰品位となり経済性の点で問題となる。
【0026】
また、表面層の厚さが50μm以下で、接着剤層の厚さが5μm以下の本発明の積層フィルムと、織布や不織布あるいはこれらに樹脂を含浸させたテント地とを、積層フィルムの接着剤層が接触する向きで貼り合わせてなるものは、極めて耐候性に優れ、柔軟性が損なわれない優れた複合テント地である。
【0027】
この場合の貼り合わせの対象であるテント地としては、ポリエステル不織布に塩ビを含浸させたテント地が、本発明の積層フィルムとの接着性に優れるので特に好ましい。
【0028】
なお、本発明の積層フィルムは屋内外装用部材の表面に加工されるが、その方法として、屋内外装用部材がシート・フィルム形態の場合には当業界でよく知られている加熱ロールラミネート法、熱プレス法などが適用でき、板形態の場合には熱プレス法などが適用できる。特に加熱ロールラミネート法の場合、積層フィルム側が柔軟であるため、しわ入りを防止する意味で予熱は屋内外装用部材側のみ行う等の工夫が有効である。
【0029】
表面層に接着剤層を形成して本発明の積層フィルムを製造するためには、上述の接着剤を有機溶剤中に溶解させ、表面層の表面に均等に塗布して、その後基材の軟化点、あるいは表面層中の架橋剤の硬化温度以下で加熱して乾燥させ、直接接着剤層を形成する方法や、接着剤溶液を剥離性の基材上に均一に塗布し乾燥させ、その後表面層との熱融着により転写して形成する方法等が可能である。
【0030】
表面層に接着剤層を形成するにあたっては、表面層と接着剤層との接着性を向上させるため、表面層の接着剤層側の表面をあらかじめコロナ放電処理、プラズマ放電処理、ナトリウム−アンモニア処理などの方法によりエッチングあるいは酸化することもできる。
【0031】
表面層に接着剤層を形成する際に、表面層が薄くてしわのはいるおそれがある場合には、剥離性の基材をあらかじめ表面層の背面に積層して腰を持たせ、接着剤層を形成した後、剥離性の基材を剥離させる方法もあり、表面層の形成の際に剥離性の基材を使用してコーティングすれば、それがそのまま剥離性の基材をあらかじめ表面層の背面に積層したものとして使用できる。
【0032】
さらには、剥離性の基材を積層フィルムを形成した後も剥がさずに残しておき、表面層の接着剤層と反対の面に剥離性の基材を積層したことを特徴とする本発明の積層フィルムが得られ、後に行う屋内外装用部材との貼り合わせの際にしわのはいるおそれがある場合に、前述同様に剥離性の基材で腰を持たせた効果により、外観よく保護フィルムとして貼り合わせが可能となる。
【0033】
この目的にかなう剥離性の基材としては貼り合わせの際の屋内外装用部材や積層フィルムの予熱に耐えうる耐熱性、機能上最終的には廃棄されることを考慮した経済性などから、剥離性の基材が延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム、高密度ポリエチレンフィルムのうちから選ばれたことを特徴とする本発明の積層フィルムが得られ、さらにこれらの剥離性の基材に適宜充填剤を練り込んだり、シリコーン系離型剤等をコートしたりして離型性をコントロールすることが可能である。
【0034】
剥離性の基材の厚みとしては、9〜50μm程度が、腰を持たせる効果があり、しかも硬すぎないので貼り合わせ加工性に優れ、最も好適である。
【0035】
以下実施例により具体的に説明する。
【0036】
【実施例】
本発明における実施例においては、各評価項目について以下の評価方法に従った。なお、評価は、剥離性の基材を積層してある場合はそれを剥がして、表面層と接着層のみの積層フィルムとして測定した。
【0037】
▲1▼引張り弾性率
JIS K7127に準じて測定した。
【0038】
▲2▼光線透過率
JIS K7105に準じて全光線透過率を測定した。
【0039】
▲3▼接着性
ポリエステル不織布に塩ビを含浸させた塩ビ製のテント地と、接着剤層が接触する向きで積層フィルムと熱プレス法により130℃、0.5kg/cm2、30秒の条件で貼り合わせを行った。積層フィルムのみに18mm幅で2本のノッチを入れ、23℃において表面層をノッチ方向に平行に速度5mm/min で180度剥離を行い、その時の接着強度(g/18mm)に対し次の判定を行った。
【0040】
200未満 ×
200以上1000未満 △
1000以上あるいは表面層破壊 ○
▲4▼透明性
目視による積層フィルムをカラーパンフレットに載せフィルムを通して見た字、写真の画像の状態により次の判定を行った。
【0041】
不鮮明なところがあり、全体が白色がかっている ×
わずかにぼやけがあるが十分確認できる △
鮮明で変色していない ○
▲5▼柔軟性
触感により次の判定を行った。
【0042】
ポリフッ化ビニリデンフィルム以上に堅い ×
ポリフッ化ビニリデンフィルムより僅かに柔らかい △
ポリフッ化ビニリデンフィルムよりかなり柔らかい ○
▲6▼耐候性
ポリエステル不織布に塩ビを含浸させた塩ビ製のテント地と接着剤層が接触する向きで積層フィルムと熱プレス法により貼り合わせたものをサンシャインウェザーメーターにより3000時間暴露させ、暴露前後における黄変度をJIS K7103に準じて測定し、次の判定を行った。
【0043】
10以上 ×
3以上10未満 △
3未満 ○
▲7▼貼り合わせ加工性
ポリエステル不織布に塩ビを含浸させた塩ビ製のテント地と積層フィルムとを接着剤層が接触する向きで重ね合わせ、対向して接触回転している加熱金属ロール−非加熱ゴムロールのうち、金属ロール側にテント地を、ゴムロール側に積層フィルムを沿わせて、加熱ロールラミネート法により150℃、1.0m /min の速度、0.5kg/cmの線圧で貼り合わせ、反対面よりでてきた貼り合わせ品の積層フィルムの外観を目視により評価し、次の判定を行った。
【0044】
大きいしわが全面に見られる ×
しわが局所的に見られる △
しわはなくきれい ○
(実験例1)
フッ化ビニリデン30重量%、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン20重量%、テトラフルオロエチレン50重量%からなる共重合フッ素樹脂を押出機により押し出しして厚さ30μmの表面層となるフィルムを得た。
【0045】
そして接着剤としてN,N−ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート5重量%、メチルメタアクリレート95重量%からなるアクリル酸エステル共重合体を有機溶剤(トルエン:MEK=2:1)に溶解させ、上記フィルム上にコーターで塗布した。ついで100℃の加熱炉で30秒間加熱して溶剤を乾燥・除去し、表面層となるフィルム片面に厚さ2μmの接着層が加工された積層フィルムを得た。
【0046】
この積層フィルムを用いて、前記評価項目につき評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0047】
(実験例2)
接着剤としてメタアクリル酸ポリ(アミノエチル)2重量%、メチルメタアクリレート80重量%ブチルアクリレート18重量%からなるアクリル酸エステル共重合体を用いた以外は、実験例1と同様にして積層フィルムを作製し、かつ、評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0048】
(実験例3)
厚さ20μmに接着層を加工した以外は、実験例2と同様にして積層フィルムを作製し、かつ、評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0049】
(実験例4)
接着剤としてアクリル酸2重量%、メチルメタアクリレート80重量%ブチルアクリレート18重量%からなるアクリル酸エステル共重合体を用いた以外は、実験例1と同様にして積層フィルムを作製し、かつ、評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0050】
(実験例5)
フッ化ビニリデン20重量%、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン20重量%、テトラフルオロエチレン60重量%からなる共重合フッ素樹脂を押出機により押し出しして厚さ30μmの表面層となるフィルムを得た。以下、実験例2と同様にして積層フィルムを作製し、かつ、評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0051】
(実験例6)
フッ化ビニリデン30重量%、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン20重量%、テトラフルオロエチレン50重量%からなる共重合フッ素樹脂を押出機により押し出しして厚さ10μmの表面層となるフィルムを得た。以下、実験例2と同様にして積層フィルムを作製し、かつ、評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0052】
(実験例7)
フッ化ビニリデン30重量%、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン20重量%、テトラフルオロエチレン50重量%からなる共重合フッ素樹脂を押出機により押し出し、吐出直後に延伸ポリエステルフィルムにコーティングして、厚さ10μmの表面層に厚さ38μmの剥離性の基材が貼り合わされたフィルムを得た。表面層の、剥離性の基材と反対の面に、以下、実験例2と同様に接着層の加工を行い、積層フィルムを作製し、かつ、評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0053】
(実験例8)
テトラフルオロエチレン−エチレン共重合体を押出機により押し出しして厚さ30μmの表面層となるフィルムを得た。以下、実験例2と同様にして積層フィルムを作製し、かつ、評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0054】
(実験例9)
フッ化ビニリデン40重量%、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン20重量%、テトラフルオロエチレン40重量%からなる共重合フッ素樹脂を押出機により押し出しして厚さ30μmの表面層となるフィルムを得た。以下、実験例2と同様にして積層フィルムを作製し、かつ、評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0055】
(実験例10)
ポリフッ化ビニリデンとアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレートで置換していないメタクリル酸メチルとの混合比を異にする2種類のフィルムを積層した市販のフィルムであって、表面層のポリフッ化ビニリデンが80重量%であり、接着層のポリフッ化ビニリデンが20重量%(すなわちメタクリル酸メチルが80重量%)のものを積層フィルムとして評価を行った。その結果を表に示す。
【0056】
【表1】
表において、実験例4および実験例10に示すように接着剤層が、ポリメチルメタクリレートの一部を少なくともアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレートで置換していないものは、接着性が悪化する。
【0057】
また実験例10に示すように、0℃と30℃における引張り弾性率が、それぞれ2.2×109 および1.5×109 と、本発明の1.0×109 〜8.0×107 (Pa)よりも大きく、光線透過率が79%と低いものは、硬くて柔軟性が悪化するとともに透明性が悪く、貼り合わせの対象物の外観を損ねるものであった。
【0058】
さらに実験例9に示すように、0℃と30℃における引張り弾性率が、それぞれ7.0×108 および7.0×107 と、本発明の1.0×109 〜8.0×107 (Pa)よりも小さいものは、柔らかすぎて貼り合わせ加工性に劣るものであった。
【0059】
これに対し、実験例1〜3,5〜8の本発明のものは、いずれも実用的に優れるものである。
【0060】
ただ、実験例3に示すように、接着剤層が20μmと厚くなると透明性、柔軟性が幾分低下し、また接着剤層中の着色成分による黄変が目立つようになり耐候性も幾分悪化した。
【0061】
また、実験例6に示す、表面層が10μmと薄いものは腰が弱くて貼り合わせ加工性が幾分悪かったが、この表面層の接着剤層と反対の面に剥離性の基材を積層した実験例7のものは貼り合わせ加工性にも優れていた。
【0062】
そして、表面層の主成分中のフッ化ビニリデン成分が、実験例5に示すように20重量%あるいは実験例8に示すように0重量%と少ないものは幾分接着性に劣るものであったが、主成分中のフッ化ビニリデン成分が30重量%の実験例1、2のものは接着性についても特に優れていた。
【0063】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、フッ素系樹脂の特徴である耐候性、耐汚染性、透明性に優れる点は生かしながら、しかも柔軟性、接着性の改良された積層フィルムが得られ、近年広い分野で求められている屋内外装用部材の表面保護フィルムとして提供できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fluororesin-based laminated film having excellent weather resistance, stain resistance, transparency and flexibility, and improved adhesion to plastics, rubber and other substrates.
The
[Prior art]
In recent years, polymethacrylate-based films, fluororesin-based films and the like have been used together with various paints as surface protective films for indoor and exterior members.
[0003]
In particular, fluororesin-based films take advantage of their excellent weather resistance, etc., as well as interior materials such as wallpaper, elevators, and vehicles, as well as roofing materials, wall materials, gutters, garage roofs, solariums, agricultural materials, and tents. It is used for a wide variety of applications such as cloth, signboards, signs, labels, and window glass.
[0004]
In addition, the base material to which this fluororesin film is bonded is a plastic base material such as polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, FRP, EPDM, CSM and other rubbers. Wide range of materials such as base material, aluminum foil, steel plate, plywood and glass.
[0005]
As a conventional fluororesin film, for example, a composite film of polyvinylidene fluoride and methyl methacrylate or a composite film of two kinds of films having different mixing ratios has been developed for bonding. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-50566)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned conventional fluororesin-based film may still be insufficient in adhesive properties depending on the bonded base material, and is inferior in flexibility when used as a target base material for soft bonding, This has the disadvantage of adversely affecting the surface appearance of the target substrate.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention uses a thermoplastic fluororesin and improves the adhesion and flexibility by devising the adhesive layer, and it is difficult to adversely affect the surface appearance of the target substrate if transparency is ensured. In particular, we will provide a fluororesin film suitable for surface protection.
[0008]
That is, in a laminated film having a surface layer and an adhesive layer, the surface layer is made of a resin composition containing a thermoplastic fluororesin as a main component, and the adhesive layer contains at least a part of polymethyl methacrylate with an aminoalkyl ( It consists of the resin composition which has as a main component the acrylic ester copolymer substituted by the (meth) acrylate, and the tensile elasticity modulus in 0-30 degreeC of a laminated | multilayer film is 1.0 * 10 < 9 > -8.0 * 10 < 7 > (Pa And a light transmittance of 80% or more, and a blend of the surface layer made of a copolymer of a vinylidene fluoride component and another fluororesin component or a fluororesin The laminate film according to claim 1, comprising a resin composition having a main component of 10% by weight or less and a vinylidene fluoride component in the main component of 10 to 50% by weight or less. And a peelable base material laminated on a surface of the surface layer opposite to the adhesive layer, and the peelable base material is a stretched polyethylene terephthalate film or a stretched polypropylene film. 2. The laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the laminated film is selected from high-density polyethylene films.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
[0010]
The surface layer used in the present invention only needs to be made of a resin composition containing a thermoplastic fluororesin as a main component. In short, it can be molded into a sheet shape, that is, can be hot-melt molded. Any fluororesin other than a tetrafluoroethylene homopolymer can be used without particular limitation.
[0011]
Further, the surface layer is mainly composed of a copolymer of a vinylidene fluoride component and another fluororesin component or a blend made of a fluororesin, and the vinylidene fluoride component in the main component is 10 to 50% by weight or less. If it consists of a certain resin composition, there is an advantage that the vinylidene fluoride component in the main component improves the compatibility with the adhesive layer, and the amount in the main component is preferably 10 to 50% by weight. it can. In this case, if the vinylidene fluoride component in the main component exceeds 50% by weight, it becomes difficult to ensure a balance between adhesiveness, transparency and flexibility, whereas if it is less than 10% by weight, the adhesiveness is improved. The effect to do is not remarkable.
[0012]
As the thermoplastic fluororesin in the present invention, as a copolymer, the monomer component is a fluorine-containing monomer component such as vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, pentafluoropropylene or hexafluoropropylene. Or a copolymer in which vinyl monomers such as ethylene and alkyl vinyl ether are used in combination with 10 mol% or less of the entire copolymer.
[0013]
Moreover, as a blend made of a thermoplastic fluororesin, a blend of two or more of the above copolymers or homopolymers of the above components can be used.
[0014]
Specifically, vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer. Examples thereof include polymers, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers, blends thereof, and blends of the above with polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, and the like.
[0015]
A particularly preferable resin constituting the main component is a vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer containing 10 to 50% by weight of vinylidene fluoride. This copolymer film is most preferred because it has low crystallinity, good transparency, excellent flexibility, and excellent adhesion.
[0016]
As a resin composition, in addition to the resins constituting these main components, various additives such as pigments, fillers, impact modifiers, UV absorbers / screening agents, processing aids, crosslinking agents, etc., characteristics of laminated films, especially transparency , Flexibility, adhesion to the adhesive layer, and compatibility of the blend, and can be added within a range that does not cause bleed out and plate out beyond the solubility.
[0017]
In the present invention, as the adhesive layer, a resin composition containing, as a main component, an acrylic ester copolymer in which a part of polymethyl methacrylate is substituted with at least aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate is used.
[0018]
In this resin composition, the polymethyl methacrylate component itself does not impair transparency and is excellent in weather resistance. Adhesion is improved by substitution with aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate, and it can be left outdoors for a long time. , The adhesiveness is not easily lowered or colored, or the adhesiveness is not easily lowered by moisture.
[0019]
Examples of aminoalkyl (meth) acrylates include β-aminoethyl (meth) acrylate, aminomethyl (meth) acrylate, γ-aminopropyl (meth) acrylate, and N- (β-aminoethyl) (meth) acrylate. -Γ-aminopropyl, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, t-butylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanurate , (Meth) acryloylmorpholine, N- (meth) acryloylpyrrolidone, N- (meth) acryloylcaprolactam, poly (aminoethyl) acrylate (meth) and the like can be typically used.
[0020]
The content of aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate is desirably 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight of the main component. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, the polarity effect is impaired, or the adhesiveness is insufficient, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the softening temperature is lowered, or the adhesiveness is lowered and it becomes easy to stick and handling properties deteriorate. In addition, coloration (yellowing) is likely to occur, and weather resistance and water resistance are likely to decrease.
[0021]
It is also possible to copolymerize various monomers according to other required performance. For example, if heat resistance is required, copolymerize (meth) acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, etc., and further add a crosslinking agent such as polyisocyanate or melamine to cure, or if plasticity is required It is also possible to copolymerize ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate.
[0022]
Antioxidants, pigments, ultraviolet absorbers and the like can be added to the adhesive as long as the adhesion and transparency are not impaired.
[0023]
The laminated film having the surface layer and the adhesive layer of the present invention has a tensile elastic modulus at 0 to 30 ° C. of 1.0 × 10 9 to 8.0 × 10 7 (Pa) and a light transmittance. It is required to be 80% or more.
[0024]
When the tensile elastic modulus of the laminated film exceeds 1.0 × 10 9 (Pa), the flexibility is impaired, and when it is less than 8.0 × 10 7 (Pa), the handling property is impaired because of being too soft. Further, if the light transmittance is less than 80%, the transparency is impaired, and the appearance of the target substrates to be bonded is impaired. These tensile modulus and light transmittance can both be controlled by the monomer composition and crystallinity of the surface layer.
[0025]
Further, the laminated film preferably has a surface layer thickness of 50 μm or less and an adhesive layer thickness of 5 μm or less. When the surface layer exceeds 50 μm, transparency as a surface protective film is impaired, and in addition, it becomes excessive in terms of contamination resistance, weather resistance, etc., which is a problem in terms of economy. When the thickness of the adhesive layer exceeds 5 μm, transparency and weather resistance are similarly impaired, and the adhesiveness is excessive, resulting in a problem in terms of economy.
[0026]
In addition, the laminated film of the present invention having a surface layer thickness of 50 μm or less and an adhesive layer thickness of 5 μm or less and a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a tent ground impregnated with a resin are bonded to the laminated film. What is bonded in the direction in which the agent layer is in contact is an excellent composite tent that is extremely excellent in weather resistance and does not lose flexibility.
[0027]
As a tent place which is the object of bonding in this case, a tent place obtained by impregnating a polyester non-woven fabric with vinyl chloride is particularly preferable because of excellent adhesiveness with the laminated film of the present invention.
[0028]
The laminated film of the present invention is processed on the surface of the indoor / outdoor member. As the method, when the indoor / outdoor member is in the form of a sheet / film, a heating roll laminating method well known in the art, A hot press method or the like can be applied, and in the case of a plate form, a hot press method or the like can be applied. Particularly in the case of the heating roll laminating method, since the laminated film side is flexible, it is effective to perform preheating only on the indoor / outdoor member side in order to prevent wrinkling.
[0029]
In order to produce the laminated film of the present invention by forming an adhesive layer on the surface layer, the above-mentioned adhesive is dissolved in an organic solvent, applied evenly to the surface of the surface layer, and then the substrate is softened Or a method of directly forming an adhesive layer by heating at a temperature equal to or lower than the curing temperature of the crosslinking agent in the surface layer, or a method in which the adhesive solution is uniformly applied on a peelable substrate and dried, and then the surface A method of transferring and forming by heat fusion with a layer is possible.
[0030]
In forming the adhesive layer on the surface layer, in order to improve the adhesion between the surface layer and the adhesive layer, the surface of the surface layer on the side of the adhesive layer is previously subjected to corona discharge treatment, plasma discharge treatment, sodium-ammonia treatment. Etching or oxidation can also be performed by such a method.
[0031]
When forming the adhesive layer on the surface layer, if the surface layer is thin and may wrinkle, a peelable base material is laminated on the back of the surface layer in advance to give it a waist. After forming the layer, there is also a method of peeling the peelable substrate. When the surface layer is formed by coating using the peelable substrate, the peelable substrate is directly applied to the surface layer. It can be used as a laminate on the back side.
[0032]
Furthermore, the peelable substrate is left without being peeled after the laminated film is formed, and the peelable substrate is laminated on the surface of the surface layer opposite to the adhesive layer. When a laminated film is obtained and there is a possibility that wrinkles will occur at the time of pasting with an interior / exterior member to be performed later, the protective film has a good appearance due to the effect of having a waist with a peelable substrate as described above. Can be pasted together.
[0033]
Peelable base material for this purpose is peelable due to the heat resistance that can withstand the preheating of indoor and exterior members and laminated films during bonding, and economical efficiency that ultimately results in disposal. The laminated film of the present invention is characterized in that the releasable substrate is selected from a stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, a stretched polypropylene film, and a high-density polyethylene film, and further a filler is suitably added to these releasable substrates. It is possible to control the releasability by kneading or coating a silicone release agent or the like.
[0034]
As the thickness of the peelable substrate, about 9 to 50 μm has the effect of giving a waist, and is not too hard, so it is excellent in bonding workability and is most preferable.
[0035]
Examples will be described in detail below.
[0036]
【Example】
In the Example in this invention, the following evaluation methods were followed about each evaluation item. In the evaluation, when a peelable substrate was laminated, it was peeled off and measured as a laminated film having only a surface layer and an adhesive layer.
[0037]
(1) Tensile elastic modulus Measured according to JIS K7127.
[0038]
(2) Light transmittance The total light transmittance was measured according to JIS K7105.
[0039]
(3) Adhesive polyester nonwoven fabric impregnated with vinyl chloride tent, and the adhesive layer is in contact with the laminated film and laminated with a hot press method at 130 ° C, 0.5 kg / cm2, for 30 seconds. Combined. Two notches with a width of 18 mm are made only in the laminated film, and the surface layer is peeled 180 ° at a speed of 5 mm / min in parallel with the notch direction at 23 ° C., and the following judgment is made on the adhesive strength (g / 18 mm) Went.
[0040]
Less than 200 ×
200 or more and less than 1000
1000 or more or surface layer destruction ○
{Circle around (4)} Transparency The laminated film visually observed was placed on a color pamphlet, and the following judgment was made according to the state of the characters and pictures taken through the film.
[0041]
There are blurry areas and the whole is white. ×
There is a slight blur but it can be confirmed enough △
Clear and uncolored ○
(5) The following determination was made based on the feel of flexibility.
[0042]
Harder than polyvinylidene fluoride film ×
Slightly softer than polyvinylidene fluoride film △
Much softer than polyvinylidene fluoride film ○
(6) A weather proof polyester nonwoven fabric impregnated with vinyl chloride, and a laminate film and a hot press method bonded together so that the adhesive layer and the adhesive layer are in contact with each other are exposed for 3000 hours with a sunshine weather meter. The yellowing degree was measured according to JIS K7103, and the following determination was made.
[0043]
10 or more ×
3 to less than 10
Less than 3 ○
(7) Laminating process Polyester nonwoven fabric impregnated with polyvinyl chloride and a laminated film are laminated with the adhesive film in the direction in which the adhesive layer comes in contact, and the heated metal roll rotating in contact with each other-non-heated Of the rubber rolls, the tent ground is placed on the metal roll side and the laminated film is placed on the rubber roll side, and bonded by a heated roll laminating method at 150 ° C., a speed of 1.0 m / min, and a linear pressure of 0.5 kg / cm, The appearance of the laminated film of the bonded product that came out from the opposite surface was visually evaluated and the following determination was made.
[0044]
Large wrinkles can be seen on the entire surface ×
Wrinkles are seen locally △
No wrinkles and beautiful ○
(Experimental example 1)
A copolymer fluororesin composed of 30% by weight of vinylidene fluoride, 20% by weight of hexafluoropropylene, and 50% by weight of tetrafluoroethylene was extruded by an extruder to obtain a film having a surface layer with a thickness of 30 μm.
[0045]
Then, an acrylic acid ester copolymer composed of 5% by weight of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and 95% by weight of methyl methacrylate is dissolved in an organic solvent (toluene: MEK = 2: 1) as an adhesive, It was applied with a coater. Subsequently, the solvent was dried and removed by heating in a heating furnace at 100 ° C. for 30 seconds to obtain a laminated film in which an adhesive layer having a thickness of 2 μm was processed on one surface of the film to be a surface layer.
[0046]
Using the laminated film, the evaluation items were evaluated. The results are shown in the table.
[0047]
(Experimental example 2)
A laminated film was prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that an acrylic acid ester copolymer consisting of 2% by weight of poly (aminoethyl) methacrylate and 80% by weight of methyl methacrylate and 18% by weight of butyl acrylate was used as an adhesive. It produced and evaluated. The results are shown in the table.
[0048]
(Experimental example 3)
A laminated film was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2 except that the adhesive layer was processed to a thickness of 20 μm. The results are shown in the table.
[0049]
(Experimental example 4)
A laminated film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that an acrylic acid ester copolymer consisting of 2% by weight acrylic acid and 80% by weight methyl methacrylate and 18% by weight butyl acrylate was used as an adhesive. Went. The results are shown in the table.
[0050]
(Experimental example 5)
A copolymer fluororesin composed of 20% by weight of vinylidene fluoride, 20% by weight of hexafluoropropylene, and 60% by weight of tetrafluoroethylene was extruded by an extruder to obtain a film that became a surface layer having a thickness of 30 μm. Thereafter, a laminated film was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2. The results are shown in the table.
[0051]
(Experimental example 6)
A copolymer fluororesin composed of 30% by weight of vinylidene fluoride, 20% by weight of hexafluoropropylene, and 50% by weight of tetrafluoroethylene was extruded by an extruder to obtain a film that became a surface layer having a thickness of 10 μm. Thereafter, a laminated film was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2. The results are shown in the table.
[0052]
(Experimental example 7)
A copolymer fluororesin composed of 30% by weight of vinylidene fluoride, 20% by weight of hexafluoropropylene, and 50% by weight of tetrafluoroethylene is extruded by an extruder and coated on a stretched polyester film immediately after discharge to form a surface layer having a thickness of 10 μm. A film on which a 38 μm thick peelable substrate was bonded was obtained. On the surface of the surface layer opposite to the peelable substrate, the adhesive layer was processed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2 to produce a laminated film and evaluated. The results are shown in the table.
[0053]
(Experimental example 8)
The tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer was extruded by an extruder to obtain a film that became a surface layer having a thickness of 30 μm. Thereafter, a laminated film was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2. The results are shown in the table.
[0054]
(Experimental example 9)
A copolymer fluororesin composed of 40% by weight of vinylidene fluoride, 20% by weight of hexafluoropropylene, and 40% by weight of tetrafluoroethylene was extruded by an extruder to obtain a film having a surface layer with a thickness of 30 μm. Thereafter, a laminated film was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2. The results are shown in the table.
[0055]
(Experimental example 10)
A commercial film in which two types of films having different mixing ratios of polyvinylidene fluoride and methyl methacrylate not substituted with aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate are laminated, and the surface layer of polyvinylidene fluoride is 80% by weight. Evaluation was made as a laminated film having an adhesive layer of 20% by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (that is, 80% by weight of methyl methacrylate). The results are shown in the table.
[0056]
[Table 1]
In the table, as shown in Experimental Example 4 and Experimental Example 10, when the adhesive layer does not substitute at least a part of polymethyl methacrylate with aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate, the adhesiveness deteriorates.
[0057]
Moreover, as shown in Experimental Example 10, the tensile elastic moduli at 0 ° C. and 30 ° C. were 2.2 × 10 9 and 1.5 × 10 9 , respectively, and 1.0 × 10 9 to 8.0 × of the present invention. Those having a light transmittance greater than 10 7 (Pa) and a low light transmittance of 79% were hard and deteriorated in flexibility and poor in transparency, and the appearance of the objects to be bonded was impaired.
[0058]
Furthermore, as shown in Experimental Example 9, the tensile elastic moduli at 0 ° C. and 30 ° C. were 7.0 × 10 8 and 7.0 × 10 7 , respectively, and 1.0 × 10 9 to 8.0 × of the present invention. Those smaller than 10 7 (Pa) were too soft and inferior to the bonding processability.
[0059]
On the other hand, the examples of the present invention of Experimental Examples 1 to 3 and 5 to 8 are practically excellent.
[0060]
However, as shown in Experimental Example 3, when the adhesive layer is as thick as 20 μm, the transparency and flexibility are somewhat lowered, and yellowing due to the coloring component in the adhesive layer becomes conspicuous, and the weather resistance is also somewhat It got worse.
[0061]
In addition, the thin surface layer of 10 μm shown in Experimental Example 6 was weak and the bonding processability was somewhat poor, but a peelable base material was laminated on the surface layer opposite to the adhesive layer. The thing of the experimental example 7 which was done was also excellent in the bonding workability.
[0062]
When the vinylidene fluoride component in the main component of the surface layer is as low as 20% by weight as shown in Experimental Example 5 or 0% by weight as shown in Experimental Example 8, the adhesiveness is somewhat inferior. However, those of Experimental Examples 1 and 2 in which the vinylidene fluoride component in the main component was 30% by weight were particularly excellent in adhesion.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a laminated film with improved flexibility and adhesiveness can be obtained while taking advantage of the excellent weather resistance, stain resistance, and transparency, which are the characteristics of fluororesins, and has recently been demanded in a wide range of fields. It can provide as a surface protection film of the member for indoor and exterior used.
Claims (3)
とする請求項2に記載の積層フィルム。The laminated film according to claim 2, wherein the peelable substrate is selected from a stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, a stretched polypropylene film, and a high-density polyethylene film.
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