JP3989866B2 - Method for separating and purifying hyaluronic acid and / or chitin - Google Patents

Method for separating and purifying hyaluronic acid and / or chitin Download PDF

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JP3989866B2
JP3989866B2 JP2003079764A JP2003079764A JP3989866B2 JP 3989866 B2 JP3989866 B2 JP 3989866B2 JP 2003079764 A JP2003079764 A JP 2003079764A JP 2003079764 A JP2003079764 A JP 2003079764A JP 3989866 B2 JP3989866 B2 JP 3989866B2
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chitin
cells
hyaluronic acid
chlorella
hyaluronic
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JP2004283096A (en
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隆 山田
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ヒアルロン酸又は/及びキチンの分離・精製方法に関する。
より詳しくは、クロロウィルスを宿主クロレラ細胞に感染させることによりクロレラ細胞上に生産されたヒアルロン酸又は/及びキチンの、分離・精製方法に関する。ヒアルロン酸もキチンも共に医療用材料、化粧品等の分野において、種々の用途に用いられおり、更なる用途開発も行われている。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ヒアルロン酸は、その多糖類特性のため、人工皮膚、関節潤滑液、眼科治療剤、化粧品、再生医療などの用途で市場は伸びており(国内:約5T/年)、更なる用途開発も行われている。
ヒアルロン酸の製造方法としては、ニワトリ鶏冠などから抽出して生産する方法、微生物培養によって生産する方法などが知られている。しかし、前者は原料確保の不安定性、生産工程の複雑さ、コストなどの問題がある。また、近年は微生物(乳酸菌等)培養による生産が多くなっていると言われているが、生産コストなどで問題が残っているのも事実である。
更に、クロレラがヒアルロン酸を生産すると言う報告も見られるが、実用化には至っていない(例えば、非特許文献1、非特許文献2参照。)。
キチンは、人工皮膚、手術縫合糸、生分解性プラスチック原料、繊維、機能性食品、キチン分解物としてグルコサミンの調味剤、化粧品素材、変形性関節炎剤等の用途が知られているが、エビ・カニの甲殻を化学的に処理し抽出して生産される(国内:約2000t/年:キチン・キトサン含む)。しかし、原料確保の不安定性、生産工程の複雑さ、コストなどに問題点がある。
また本発明者らはクロロウイルスであるCVK2がキチンシンセターゼ遺伝子(chs)を有していることを先に見出し、更に、生成されたキチンを回収しその物性を解析した(非特許文献3参照。)。
現在行われているいずれの多糖類の製造方法も、原料を天然資源の廃棄物に求める限りは、原料確保の不安定性などによる数量並びに品質のバラツキに問題が残る。特に、化粧品、医療用材料として使用される場合には品質上の問題が大きい。また、微生物(乳酸菌等)培養によるヒアルロン酸製造方法の研究開発も盛んに行われているが、更なる技術開発が望まれている。
これら多糖類の製造方法においては、何れの場合も水溶媒からの分離/回収が必要であり、pHを変化させるとか、有機溶媒を加えるとか、加水分解処理をするなど面倒な操作が必要な場合が多い。
【0003】
【非特許文献1】
DeAngelis P.:Science 278,1899−1993(1997)
【非特許文献2】
Graves M.et al:Virology 257,15−23(1999)
【非特許文献3】
田中允ら:平成13年度日本工学会大会講演要旨集236(200 1)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記した如き現状に鑑みなされたもので、ヒアルロン酸又は/及びキチンを効果的に分離・精製する方法、就中、クロロウィルスを宿主クロレラ細胞に感染させることによりクロレラ細胞上に生産されたヒアルロン酸又は/及びキチンを、容易に且つ効果的に分離・精製する方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、クロロウィルスを宿主クロレラ細胞に感染させることによりクロレラ細胞上に生産されたヒアルロン酸又は/及びキチンを、分離・精製する方法であって、ヒアルロン酸繊維又は/及びキチン繊維を細胞表面に蓄積したクロレラ細胞に、機械的な振動を加えることによりヒアルロン酸繊維又は/及びキチン繊維を細胞から遊離させ、回収することを特徴とする、該ヒアルロン酸又は/及びキチンの分離・精製方法に関する。
【0006】
即ち、本発明は、培養したクロレラ細胞に自然界より単離したクロロウイルス(ヒアルロン酸生成型、キチン生産型、両多糖質生産型)を感染させ、短時間(2〜3時間)にこれら多糖質を細胞表面に生成蓄積させた後、機械的な振動により細胞から遊離させて迅速に回収する方法を提供するものである。
培養したクロレラ細胞にクロロウイルスを感染させると、ウイルスDNAにコードされたヒアルロン酸合成酵素、キチン合成酵素が感染後短時間のうちに宿主クロレラ細胞内で発現し、細胞表面で多糖質の合成反応を行う結果、ヒアルロン酸やキチンが繊維構造を成して細胞外部に析出してくる。この繊維構造は長さが0.5〜1.0ミクロンにもなる重合度が極めて高いものである。本発明者は、この状態の細胞に機械的な振動を加えることによって繊維構造体を細胞から遊離させることが出来る事を見出し、本発明を完成するに到った。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、宿主クロレラ細胞に感染させるクロロウィルス(クロレラウィルス)は、分類学上はPhycodnaviridae科 Phycodnavirus属に属するウィルスである。
クロロウィルスは自然界に広く分布し、日本においても各地の自然淡水中から検出されている(Yamada et al.,Appl Environ Microbiol,1991,57,3433−3437;Yamada et al.,Biosci Biotech Biochem,1993,57,733−739等)。
これまでに明らかにされたクロロウィルスの特徴は、以下のように要約される。
(1)藻類クロレラを宿主とする。
(2)直径140〜190の巨大な正二十面体粒子であり(ショ糖密度勾配沈降係数2300s)、主としてタンパク質(64%)、DNA(25%)、及び脂質(10%)から成る。
(3)ウィルス粒子は50種以上の構成タンパク質から成り、その内主要タンパク質Vp54(Vp52)が約40%を占める。
(4)ウィルスゲノムは巨大な(300〜380kbp)線状dsDNAであり、特殊なヘアピン末端構造を有する。
(5)ウィルスゲノムには700個以上の遺伝子読み取り枠(ORF)があり、その多くが感染サイクル中に発現している。
(6)感染様式はバクテリオファージと類似し、プラークを形成する。
(7)ウイルス粒子は宿主細胞質で増殖する。
【0008】
本発明において、宿主クロレラ細胞に感染させるクロロウィルスの具体例としては、例えば、ヒアルロン酸生産ウィルスである、CVHI1、CVKA1、CVBR4、CVA1、CVNI1、CVNA1、CVTS1、CVSE1、CVO1、キチン生産ウィルスである、CVK2、CVNA2、CVKU2、ヒアルロン酸及びキチンの両者を産生する、CVIK1、CVHA1等が挙げられる。
【0009】
ウイルスの調製法は、例えば下記のようにして行えばよい。
即ち、クロレラ株(Chlorella sp.NC64AやC.prototechoides 211−6等)を宿主とした寒天平板培地プラークアッセイ法により単離したウイルス各種をクロレラ培養細胞(10〜10cells/ml)に接種する。数時間後の溶菌液を遠心分離(15,000G)し、沈殿したウイルス粒子を適当量のMBBM培地に懸濁し、0.45μm孔径のメンブランフィルターで濾過する。ウイルス粒子はクロレラ培養液1L(10〜10cells/ml)当り2×1013PFU程度得られる。
【0010】
クロロウィルスを感染させるクロレラ細胞としては、例えば、Chlorella sp.NC64AやC.prototechoides 211−6等のクロレラ株が用いられる。
クロレラの培養に用いられる培地としては、例えば、MBBM培地(硝酸ナトリウム0.025%、塩化カルシウム0.0025%、硫酸マグネシウム0.0075%、リン酸1カリウム0.0175%、リン酸2カリウム0.0075%、食塩0.0025%、ペプトン0.1%、pH6.5)やMAM培地(硝酸アンモニウム0.025%、硝酸カリウム0.01%、塩化カルシウム0.0025%、硫酸マグネシウム0.0075%、塩化ナトリウム0.0025%、β−グリセロリン酸ナトリウム0.1%、バクトペプトン0.1%、酵母エキス0.05%、カザミノ酸0.1%、マルトエキス0.05%)等が用いられる。
クロレラの培養は、通常、光照射下(白色光3000〜5000ルックス)、25℃で対数増殖期後期(10〜10cells/ml)まで培養する。増殖速度(倍加時間)は約6時間程度である。
【0011】
クロレラ細胞上にヒアルロン酸又は/及びキチンを生産させる方法は、上記何れかのクロロウィルス(例えば、CVK2、CVIK1、CVHA1等)を宿主クロレラ細胞に感染させることにより達成されるが、クロレラウィルスの使用量としては、通常、1Lのクロレラ培養液(10〜10cells/ml)にクロロウィルス(CVIK1又はCVHA1)をmoi1〜10程度(細胞あたりのウイルス数)で感染させる。
そして、通常、感染後2〜4時間で細胞を遠心分離により回収する。この菌体から多糖類を分離精製すれば、目的とする繊維状のヒアルロン酸又は/及び繊維状のキチンが得られる。
【0012】
本発明の分離・精製方法は、上記遠心分離により得られた菌体に機械的な振動を与えることによりヒアルロン酸又は/及びキチンを細胞から遊離させてこれを迅速に回収すると言うものである。
【0013】
遊離したヒアルロン酸やキチンはそれぞれ物性が異なるため、本発明の方法によればヒアルロン酸及びキチンを同時生産した場合も一連の簡単な操作によって同時回収が出来る。
キチン回収のためには、ウイルス感染細胞(感染後2時間)に機械的な振動を与えることによってキチンを遊離させ、該細胞を、例えば低速遠心分離(例えば1,000×G)等により沈殿させれば、キチンを浮遊物として回収することが出来る。更に、遠心分離(例えば、3,000×G〜10,000×G)によって細胞並びに不溶性物質を沈殿除去した後、可溶性画分に、例えば、酢酸ナトリウム0.5%及びエチルアルコール3倍量(V/V)を添加してヒアルロン酸を析出させ、沈殿として回収することが出来る。
得られたヒアルロン酸の沈殿は、必要に応じてエチルアルコール等により1乃至数回再沈殿させることによりより高純度のヒアルロン酸とすることが出来る。
1L培養液から総計4時間の工程で約100mgのキチン純産物或いは約100mgのヒアルロン酸純産物が得られる。両者生産ウイルスを使用した場合には、キチンとヒアルロン酸がそれぞれ等量ずつ得られる。
従って、例えば、クロロウィルスとしてCVIK1又はCVHA1を用い、上記スケールで一日6サイクル生産すれば600mg/日/Lのヒアルロン酸とキチンを生産することが出来る。
【0014】
本発明における機械的な振動としては、例えば、ボルテックス処理や超音波処理等による振動等が挙げられる。
ボルテックス処理の場合は、ボルテックスミキサー(例えば、トミー精工 MT−360等)により適当な速度(例えば、mixing speed 10)で室温で数分〜10分間程度(通常4〜6分間程度)処理する。
また、超音波処理の場合は、例えば、トミー精工 UD 201 Ultrasonic等の超音波発生器を用いて、適当な設定条件、例えばout put3、duty50%等で数十秒〜数分間程度(通常30秒〜40秒間程度)処理すればよい。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、参考例及び実施例により本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら参考例、実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。
【0016】
参考例1 クロレラの培養
クロレラ株(Chlorella sp.NC64A)をMBBM培地(硝酸ナトリウム0.025%、塩化カルシウム0.0025%、硫酸マグネシウム0.0075%、リン酸1カリウム0.0175%、リン酸2カリウム0.0075%、食塩0.0025%、ペプトン0.1%、pH6.5)で光照射下(白色光3000〜5000ルックス)、25℃で対数増殖期後期(10〜10cells/ml)まで培養した。増殖速度(倍加時間)は約6時間であった。
【0017】
実施例1 キチン繊維の生産及び分離/回収
1Lのクロレラ培養液(10〜10cells/ml)にクロロウイルス(CVIK1)をmoi1〜10程度(細胞あたりのウイルス数)で感染させた。感染後2〜3時間で細胞を遠心分離により回収し、トミー精工 MT−360ボルテックスミキサー(mixing speed 10)で室温で5分間処理した。 機械的振動処理した細胞を低速遠心分離(1,000×G)により沈殿させると、上清表面に白い浮遊物としてキチンが回収出来た。得られたキチンは各種キチナーゼ(例えばキチナーゼRS:生化学工業(株))によって分解され、また酸加水分解によってGlcNAcに完全分解した。回収量は100mg/Lであった。全工程はウイルス感染開始から3時間以内で終了した。
【0018】
実施例2 ヒアルロン酸繊維の生産及び分離/回収
1Lのクロレラ培養液(10〜10cells/ml)にクロロウイルス(CVHA1)をmoi1〜10程度(細胞あたりのウイルス数)で感染させた。感染後3〜4時間で細胞を遠心分離により回収し、トミー精工 UD 201 Ultrasonicを用いて、out put3、duty50%で30秒間超音波処理を行った。次いで、上記実施例1に従ってキチンを回収後、試料液を高速遠心分離した(10,000×G)。沈殿物を除去後、上清に酢酸ナトリウム0.5%及びエチルアルコール3倍量(V/V)を添加してヒアルロン酸を析出させ、遠心分離(10,000×G)により沈殿として回収した。エチルアルコールによる析出を2回繰り返すことによって高純度のヒアルロン酸を得ることが出来た(100mg/L)。全工程はキチン回収を含めて4時間以内に終了した。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば、極めて短時間(ウイルス感染から4時間以内)にクロレラ細胞から高純度のヒアルロン酸及びキチンを同時生産・回収できる。
例えば、クロロウィルスとしてCVIK1又はCVHA1を用い、1L培養液×1で、一日に6回感染・回収操作をすれば、ヒアルロン酸及びキチンをそれぞれ600mg/L、同時生産、回収することが出来る。また、クロレラ自身も利用できる可能性が高い。
クロレラ培養には長い歴史があり特に日本においては、健康・安全のイメージが強い。当プロセスで得られるヒアルロン酸やキチンはクロレラの生産物として一般に受け入れられ易い。多くの研究がなされているクロレラ培養系を用いた大気温暖化ガス吸収プロセス等とカップリングさせれば、さらに高付加価値物質生産系として効果が大きい。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for separating and purifying hyaluronic acid and / or chitin.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for separating and purifying hyaluronic acid and / or chitin produced on chlorella cells by infecting host chlorella cells with chlorovirus. Both hyaluronic acid and chitin are used for various applications in the fields of medical materials and cosmetics, and further application development is being conducted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Hyaluronic acid, due to its polysaccharide properties, is growing in the market for artificial skin, joint lubricants, ophthalmic treatments, cosmetics, regenerative medicine, etc. (domestic: about 5T / year), and further application development It has been broken.
As a method for producing hyaluronic acid, a method of producing by extracting from a chicken hen's crown, a method of producing by microbial culture, and the like are known. However, the former has problems such as instability of securing raw materials, complexity of the production process, and cost. In recent years, it is said that production by culture of microorganisms (lactic acid bacteria, etc.) is increasing, but it is also true that problems remain in production costs.
Furthermore, although it has been reported that chlorella produces hyaluronic acid, it has not been put into practical use (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).
Chitin is known for its use as artificial skin, surgical sutures, biodegradable plastic raw materials, fibers, functional foods, glucosamine seasonings, cosmetic materials, osteoarthritis agents, etc. It is produced by chemically treating and extracting crab shells (domestic: about 2000 t / year: including chitin and chitosan). However, there are problems with the instability of securing raw materials, the complexity of the production process, and the cost.
Further, the present inventors previously found that CVK2, which is a chlorovirus, has a chitin synthetase gene (chs), and further recovered the produced chitin and analyzed its physical properties (see Non-Patent Document 3). .)
As long as any of the methods for producing polysaccharides currently used demands the waste of natural resources as a raw material, there remains a problem in variation in quantity and quality due to instability of securing the raw material. In particular, when used as a cosmetic or a medical material, the quality problem is great. In addition, research and development of hyaluronic acid production methods by culturing microorganisms (lactic acid bacteria, etc.) has been actively conducted, but further technical development is desired.
In any of these methods for producing polysaccharides, separation / recovery from an aqueous solvent is necessary, and complicated operations such as changing pH, adding an organic solvent, or performing hydrolysis treatment are required. There are many.
[0003]
[Non-Patent Document 1]
DeAngelis P.M. : Science 278 , 1899-1993 (1997)
[Non-Patent Document 2]
Graves M.M. et al: Virology 257 , 15-23 (1999).
[Non-Patent Document 3]
Tanaka et al .: Abstracts of Annual Meeting of the Japan Society of Engineers, 2001 236 (2001)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the current situation as described above, and is a method for effectively separating and purifying hyaluronic acid and / or chitin, and in particular, produced on chlorella cells by infecting chlorvirus cells with host chlorella cells. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for easily and effectively separating and purifying the produced hyaluronic acid and / or chitin.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a method for separating and purifying hyaluronic acid or / and chitin produced on a chlorella cell by infecting a host chlorella cell with a chlorovirus, the hyaluronic acid fiber or / and chitin fiber on the cell surface The present invention relates to a method for separating and purifying hyaluronic acid or / and chitin, characterized in that hyaluronic acid fibers and / or chitin fibers are released from cells by applying mechanical vibration to chlorella cells accumulated in the cells and recovered. .
[0006]
That is, the present invention infects cultured chlorella cells with chloroviruses (hyaluronic acid-producing type, chitin-producing type, both polysaccharide-producing types) isolated from nature, and these polysaccharides in a short time (2 to 3 hours). Is produced and accumulated on the cell surface, and then released from the cells by mechanical vibration and rapidly recovered.
When cultured chlorella cells are infected with chlorovirus, hyaluronic acid synthase and chitin synthase encoded by viral DNA are expressed in host chlorella cells within a short period of time after infection, and polysaccharides are synthesized on the cell surface. As a result, hyaluronic acid and chitin form a fiber structure and precipitate outside the cells. This fiber structure has a very high degree of polymerization with a length of 0.5 to 1.0 microns. The present inventor has found that the fibrous structure can be released from the cells by applying mechanical vibration to the cells in this state, and has completed the present invention.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a chlorovirus (chlorella virus) that infects a host chlorella cell is a virus belonging to the genus Phycodnavirus in the family Phydonaviridae.
Chlorovirus is widely distributed in nature and has been detected in natural fresh waters in various places in Japan (Yamada et al., Appl Environ Microbiol, 1991, 57 , 3433-3437; Yamada et al., Biosci Biotech Biochem, 1993). 57 , 733-739, etc.).
The characteristics of chlorovirus that have been clarified so far can be summarized as follows.
(1) Algae chlorella is used as a host.
(2) Giant icosahedral particles with a diameter of 140 to 190 (sucrose density gradient sedimentation coefficient 2300 s), mainly consisting of protein (64%), DNA (25%), and lipid (10%).
(3) Virus particles are composed of 50 or more constituent proteins, of which the main protein Vp54 (Vp52) accounts for about 40%.
(4) The viral genome is a large (300 to 380 kbp) linear dsDNA and has a special hairpin end structure.
(5) The viral genome has more than 700 gene reading frames (ORFs), many of which are expressed during the infection cycle.
(6) The infection pattern is similar to bacteriophage and forms plaques.
(7) Viral particles grow in the host cytoplasm.
[0008]
In the present invention, specific examples of chloroviruses that infect host chlorella cells are, for example, hyaluronic acid producing viruses such as CVHI1, CVKA1, CVBR4, CVA1, CVNI1, CVNA1, CVTS1, CVSE1, CVO1, and chitin producing viruses. CVK1, CVNA2, CVKU2, CVIK1, CVHA1, etc. that produce both hyaluronic acid and chitin.
[0009]
For example, the virus may be prepared as follows.
That is, chlorella cultured cells (10 7 to 10 8 cells / ml) were inoculated with various viruses isolated by agar plate culture plaque assay using chlorella strains (Chlorella sp. NC64A, C. prototechoids 211-6, etc.) as hosts. To do. The lysate after several hours is centrifuged (15,000 G), and the precipitated virus particles are suspended in an appropriate amount of MBBM medium and filtered through a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.45 μm. Viral particles are obtained in an amount of about 2 × 10 13 PFU per liter of chlorella culture solution (10 7 to 10 8 cells / ml).
[0010]
Examples of chlorella cells that are infected with chlorovirus include Chlorella sp. NC64A and C.I. Chlorella strains such as prototechoides 211-6 are used.
As a medium used for culturing chlorella, for example, MBBM medium (sodium nitrate 0.025%, calcium chloride 0.0025%, magnesium sulfate 0.0075%, monopotassium phosphate 0.0175%, dipotassium phosphate 0 .0075%, salt 0.0025%, peptone 0.1%, pH 6.5) and MAM medium (ammonium nitrate 0.025%, potassium nitrate 0.01%, calcium chloride 0.0025%, magnesium sulfate 0.0075%, Sodium chloride 0.0025%, β-glycerophosphate sodium 0.1%, bactopeptone 0.1%, yeast extract 0.05%, casamino acid 0.1%, malto extract 0.05%) and the like.
Chlorella is usually cultured under light irradiation (white light 3000 to 5000 lux) at 25 ° C. until the late logarithmic growth phase (10 7 to 10 8 cells / ml). The growth rate (doubling time) is about 6 hours.
[0011]
The method for producing hyaluronic acid and / or chitin on chlorella cells can be achieved by infecting host chlorella cells with any of the above chloroviruses (eg, CVK2, CVIK1, CVHA1, etc.). As for the amount, usually, 1 L of chlorella culture solution (10 7 to 10 8 cells / ml) is infected with chlorovirus (CVIK1 or CVHA1) at about moi 1 to 10 (the number of viruses per cell).
Usually, cells are collected by centrifugation 2 to 4 hours after infection. If the polysaccharide is separated and purified from the cells, the desired fibrous hyaluronic acid and / or fibrous chitin can be obtained.
[0012]
In the separation / purification method of the present invention, hyaluronic acid or / and chitin are released from cells by applying mechanical vibrations to the cells obtained by the above-mentioned centrifugation, and this is rapidly recovered.
[0013]
Since the released hyaluronic acid and chitin have different physical properties, according to the method of the present invention, even when hyaluronic acid and chitin are simultaneously produced, they can be simultaneously recovered by a series of simple operations.
For the recovery of chitin, chitin is released by applying mechanical vibration to virus-infected cells (2 hours after infection), and the cells are precipitated by, for example, low-speed centrifugation (eg, 1,000 × G). If so, chitin can be recovered as suspended matter. Further, the cells and insoluble materials are precipitated and removed by centrifugation (for example, 3,000 × G to 10,000 × G), and then the soluble fraction is subjected to, for example, 0.5% sodium acetate and three times the amount of ethyl alcohol ( V / V) can be added to precipitate hyaluronic acid, which can be recovered as a precipitate.
Precipitation of the obtained hyaluronic acid can be made high-purity hyaluronic acid by reprecipitation once or several times with ethyl alcohol or the like as necessary.
About 100 mg of chitin pure product or about 100 mg of hyaluronic acid pure product can be obtained from 1 L culture solution in a total of 4 hours. When both production viruses are used, chitin and hyaluronic acid can be obtained in equal amounts.
Therefore, for example, if CVIK1 or CVHA1 is used as the chlorovirus and 6 cycles per day are produced at the above scale, 600 mg / day / L hyaluronic acid and chitin can be produced.
[0014]
Examples of the mechanical vibration in the present invention include vibration by vortex treatment, ultrasonic treatment, and the like.
In the case of vortexing, it is processed at a suitable speed (for example, mixing speed 10) with a vortex mixer (for example, Tommy Seiko MT-360) at room temperature for several minutes to 10 minutes (usually about 4 to 6 minutes).
In the case of ultrasonic treatment, for example, using an ultrasonic generator such as Tommy Seiko UD 201 Ultrasonic, for example, about several tens of seconds to several minutes under normal setting conditions such as out put3, duty 50%, etc. (usually 30 seconds) For about 40 seconds).
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference examples and examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these reference examples and examples.
[0016]
Reference Example 1 Chlorella strain Chlorella sp. NC64A was cultured in MBBM medium (sodium nitrate 0.025%, calcium chloride 0.0025%, magnesium sulfate 0.0075%, potassium phosphate 0.0175%, phosphoric acid. Logarithmic growth phase (10 7 to 10 8 cells) at 25 ° C. under light irradiation (white light: 3000 to 5000 lux) under dilute 0.0075%, salt 0.0025%, peptone 0.1%, pH 6.5) / Ml). The growth rate (doubling time) was about 6 hours.
[0017]
Example 1 Production and separation / recovery of chitin fiber 1 L of chlorella culture solution (10 7 to 10 8 cells / ml) was infected with chlorovirus (CVIK1) at about moi 1 to 10 (number of viruses per cell). Cells were collected by centrifugation 2-3 hours after infection and treated with a Tommy Seiko MT-360 vortex mixer (mixing speed 10) for 5 minutes at room temperature. When the cells subjected to mechanical vibration treatment were precipitated by low-speed centrifugation (1,000 × G), chitin could be recovered as a white suspension on the supernatant surface. The obtained chitin was decomposed by various chitinases (for example, chitinase RS: Seikagaku Corporation) and completely decomposed into GlcNAc by acid hydrolysis. The recovered amount was 100 mg / L. All steps were completed within 3 hours from the start of virus infection.
[0018]
Example 2 Production and Separation / Recovery of Hyaluronic Acid Fiber A 1 L chlorella culture solution (10 7 to 10 8 cells / ml) was infected with chlorovirus (CVHA1) at about moi 1 to 10 (number of viruses per cell). Cells were collected by centrifugation 3-4 hours after infection, and sonicated for 30 seconds with out put3, duty 50% using Tommy Seiko UD 201 Ultrasonic. Next, after collecting chitin according to Example 1 above, the sample solution was centrifuged at high speed (10,000 × G). After removing the precipitate, 0.5% sodium acetate and 3 times the amount of ethyl alcohol (V / V) were added to the supernatant to precipitate hyaluronic acid, which was collected as a precipitate by centrifugation (10,000 × G). . High purity hyaluronic acid could be obtained by repeating the precipitation with ethyl alcohol twice (100 mg / L). The entire process was completed within 4 hours including the recovery of chitin.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, high-purity hyaluronic acid and chitin can be simultaneously produced and recovered from chlorella cells in a very short time (within 4 hours from viral infection).
For example, if CVIK1 or CVHA1 is used as the chlorovirus and the infection / collection operation is performed 6 times a day with 1 L culture solution × 1, hyaluronic acid and chitin can be simultaneously produced and recovered at 600 mg / L, respectively. Chlorella itself is also likely to be available.
Chlorella culture has a long history, especially in Japan, with a strong image of health and safety. Hyaluronic acid and chitin obtained by this process are generally accepted as chlorella products. If coupled with an atmospheric warming gas absorption process using a chlorella culture system, which has been studied a lot, it will be even more effective as a high-value-added substance production system.

Claims (4)

ヒアルロン酸とキチンの両者を生産するクロロウィルスを宿主クロレラ細胞に感染させることによりクロレラ細胞上に生産されたヒアルロン酸及びキチンを、それぞれ分離・精製する方法であって、ヒアルロン酸及びキチンを細胞表面に蓄積したクロレラ細胞に、機械的な振動を加えることにより、まずキチンを細胞から遊離させ回収し、次いで細胞及び不溶性物質を除去後、エチルアルコール処理により析出させてヒアルロン酸を回収することを特徴とする、該ヒアルロン酸及びキチンを同時に分離・精製する方法。By infecting chloro virus to produce both hyaluronic acid and chitin in the host Chlorella cells, hyaluronic San及 beauty chitin produced on Chlorella cells, a respective method for separating and purifying hyaluronic San及 Beauty Eat the emissions Chlorella cells accumulated at the cell surface, by the application of mechanical vibrations, is first chitin was collected by isolated cells or Ra遊, then after removal of the cells and insoluble material precipitated by ethyl alcohol treatment hyaluronic and recovering the acid, a method of simultaneously separating and purifying the hyaluronic San及 beauty chitin. ボルテックス処理により機械的な振動を加える、請求項1に記載の方法。The method of claim 1, wherein mechanical vibration is applied by vortexing. 超音波処理により機械的な振動を加える、請求項1に記載の方法。The method of claim 1, wherein mechanical vibration is applied by sonication. ヒアルロン酸とキチンの両者を生産するクロロウィルスが、CVIK1又はCVHA1である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the chlorovirus producing both hyaluronic acid and chitin is CVIK1 or CVHA1.
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