JP3982309B2 - Fuel supply equipment for gas turbine power generation facilities - Google Patents

Fuel supply equipment for gas turbine power generation facilities Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3982309B2
JP3982309B2 JP2002114070A JP2002114070A JP3982309B2 JP 3982309 B2 JP3982309 B2 JP 3982309B2 JP 2002114070 A JP2002114070 A JP 2002114070A JP 2002114070 A JP2002114070 A JP 2002114070A JP 3982309 B2 JP3982309 B2 JP 3982309B2
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Prior art keywords
fuel
gas turbine
power generation
turbine power
tank
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JP2003314304A (en
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政道 倉元
和彦 高田
義彦 浅野
康之 溝渕
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Meidensha Corp
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Meidensha Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、廃有機溶剤を燃料とするガスタービン発電機の燃料供給装置に係わり、特に廃有機溶剤の供給不安定な場所における燃料供給装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
常用、非常用の発電設備には、ディーゼル、ガスエンジン、ガスタービン等が原動機として使用されているが、その中でガスタービンは排気ガス中に含まれるNOx排出量が少量のため広く普及されるようになってきた。
このガスタービンに使用される燃料としては、LNG、LPGのガス系のものと、このガス系燃料よりは比較的安価な軽油または灯油の液系のものが使用さる。
【0003】
また、この他廃棄物利用の一環として、一般ゴミを燃焼して蒸気を発生させ、この蒸気を用いてタービンおよび発電機を駆動する方法や、この一般ゴミ発電方法では低い燃焼温度のために燃焼効率が悪いので、廃プラスチック材、廃油等を燃焼させる方法も特開平7−279622号公報等によって公知となっている。
この技術は、廃プラスチック、廃油を燃焼させるとき、燃焼火災に水を含んだ二次空気を供給して爆発的圧力を発生させ、効率よくタービンを駆動するようにしたものである。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、分散型電源への促進が図られ、その一つとして特にマイクロガスタービンが注目されている。このマイクロガスタービンは、比較的小容量のためにその燃料供給方法として、上記した廃プラスチックや廃油を気化させて燃焼ガスを発生させる方法ではその装置が大形となるために不適当なものとなっている。
【0005】
一方、印刷、塗料、コーティング関係の工場では、多量の有機溶剤を使用しているが、使用後の有機溶剤は産業廃棄物として処理されている。この処理は、余分な処理作業となるばかりでなく、環境的にも問題となっている。
【0006】
本発明が目的とするところは、廃有機溶剤を燃料とするガスタービン発電機の燃料方法と装置を提供すると共に、廃有機溶剤による単独運転が不可能な場合における他燃料との併供給を可能とした燃料供給装置を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の第1は、ガスタービン発電設備への燃料を供給するものにおいて、
前記ガスタービンの燃料となる廃有機溶剤を主成分とする燃料を貯留するためのタンクと、灯油タンクとを併設し、各タンクの出力側にそれぞれ燃料切換のための電磁弁を設け、各電磁弁の出力側共通流路にポンプを介してリザーバータンクを設け、このリザーバータンクより前記ガスタービン発電設備に燃料を供給する
と共に、リザーバータンクの燃料供給側流路に圧力調節手段を設け、リザーバータンクから供給される燃料の圧力が所定値以上となったときに、前記燃料の一部を前記ポンプ側にバイパスして、前記ガスタービン発電設備への燃料供給圧力を一定に保つよう構成し、且つ前記廃有機溶剤を主成分とした燃料から灯油への燃料切換時に、前記リザーバータンク内の濃度を徐々に変化させながら発電設備を発熱量にしたがって制御するよう構成したものである。
【0008】
本発明の第2は、 前記リザーバータンクとガスタービン発電設備との流路間に電磁弁を設けたことを特徴としたものである。
【0009】
削除
【0010】
削除
【0011】
削除
【0012】
削除
【0013】
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【0014】
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【0015】
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【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、本発明の実施形態を示すもので、1は廃有機溶剤を貯留するための廃有機溶剤タンクで、廃有機溶剤としては、ベンゼン、ヘキサン、トルエン、酢酸エチル等が使用されるが、その使用態様としては、それぞれ個々にか、又は適宜混合され、あるいは他の廃油中に混入されたものが使用される。以下、これらを廃有機溶剤を主成分とする燃料と称する。2はリミットスイッチで、廃有機溶剤タンク1の燃料が一定値以下に低下したことを検出する。3はバルブ、4はストレーナ、5は逆止弁、6は燃料切換手段としての電磁弁で、これら3〜6は廃有機溶剤タンク1よりの流路であるパイプに設けられている。
【0017】
7は廃有機溶剤を主成分とする燃料とは異なる燃料として灯油が注入される灯油タンクで、その流路にはストレーナ8、逆止弁9及び燃料切換手段としての電磁弁10が配設されている。11はポンプで、廃有機溶剤タンク1と灯油タンク7との共通流路中に設けられ、各燃料をリザーバータンク12に送出する。
ガスタービン設備では、異なる燃料を使用する場合には燃料のカロリー数に合わせて運転する方法と、実際に温度管理をしながら燃料供給量をコントロールする方法がある。ガスタービン運転中に廃有機溶剤を主成分とした燃料がなくなり、他の燃料に切り換える必要が生じた場合には、自動的に瞬時に供給量をコントロールすることは不可能であり、また、急激な発熱量変化が生じた場合に発熱量から供給量をフィードバック制御することも非常に困難である。
【0018】
本発明では、このためにリザーバータンク12を設置し、廃有機溶剤を主成分とした燃料と灯油との濃度変化を待って徐々に切り換えるようにしたもので、そのため、リザーバータンク12の容量は、図示省略されているガスタービン設備側の制御に必要な時間に合わせて決められる。
13はリザーバータンク12とガスタービン設備との間に挿入された電磁弁、14は圧力計、15は圧力調節手段としてのリリーフ弁で、ガスタービン設備に供給される燃料が一定値以上となったときに動作してリザーバータンク12の入力側に燃料を返送する。
【0019】
次にその動作を説明する。
タンク1に有機溶剤を主成分とする燃料が十分に充填されているときには、灯油タンク7の流路に挿入された電磁弁10は閉じた状態とし、電磁弁6を開路状態に制御する。この状態でバルブ3が開いていることを条件にポンプ11を駆動すると、タンク1の廃有機溶剤を主成分とする燃料は、ストレーナ4、逆止弁5、電磁弁6を通ってポンプ11に供給される。このとき、燃料に混入している比較的大きな異物はストレーナ4によって阻止され、このストレーナ4を濾過したものがポンプ11に送られる。
【0020】
ポンプ11のモータ駆動による所定量の燃料がリザーバータンク12に供給されて所定量となり、ガスタービン発電設備側への燃料供給が可能となったときに電磁弁13を開路制御し、この電磁弁13を介してガスタービン設備の燃焼室に燃料を供給し、図示省略の発電機より電力を出力する。
燃料供給過程において、電磁弁13を通過する燃料の量よりも、ポンプ11による燃料吐出量が多くなることにより徐々にリザーバータンク12の流路側圧力が上昇する。
リリーフ弁15は、リザーバータンク12の圧力が所定値以上に上昇し、ガスタービン設備への燃料の安定供給以上となったときに開路して燃料をバイパスし、ポンプ11の入流側に返送する。すなわち、ガスタービン発電設備への燃料の安定供給が可能となったときリリーフ弁15が動作して余分な燃料をポンプ11の吸入側に戻される。このため、ガスタービン設備には、常に一定圧力での燃料供給が可能となっている。
【0021】
タンク1内の廃有機溶剤を主成分とした燃料が一定値以下に低下すると、リミットスイッチ2がこれを検出して電磁弁6を閉じると共に、電磁弁10を開路する。
この切換制御は、同時か若しくはリザーバータンク12内の廃有機溶剤を主成分とした燃料の量を勘案しての切換制御の何れかでもよいが、リザーバータンク12内の燃料は徐々に切り換わる。したがって、ガスタービン発電設備に供給される燃料も廃有機溶剤を主成分とした燃料から灯油に徐々に切り換わることにより、発電設備側での制御を、発熱量によって制御することが可能となる。
すなわち、連続した運転状態で燃料の切換えが行われるので、安定した発電が可能となる。
【0022】
なお、廃有機溶剤を主成分とした燃料として、ガスタービンの運転試験を実施したところ、ベンゼン、ヘキサン、トルエン、酢酸エチル及びこれらを混合した燃料については問題なく発電電力を得ることが出来た。
また、上記有機溶剤が他の廃油中に混合した場合でも、溶剤が分離せずに溶解していれば30%程度混合していた場合でも運転は可能であった。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
以上のとおり、本発明によれば、従来は産業廃棄物として処理されていた廃有機溶剤をガスタービンの燃料として使用し、発電電力を得ることが出来るので、資源の再利用が図られ、経済的効果のみならず、環境対策としてもその利点は大となる。
また、リザーバータンクを用いたことにより、ガスタービン発電設備への燃料を徐々に切換えることができるので、廃有機溶剤の安定供給ができない設置場所や事業所でも、発電機側での発熱量による制御が可能となって安定した発電が可能となる等の利点を有するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の実施形態を示す構成図。
【符号の説明】
1…廃有機溶剤貯留用のタンク
2…リミットスイッチ
3…バルブ
4,8…ストレーナ
5,9…逆止弁
6,10,13…電磁弁
7…灯油タンク
11…ポンプ
12…リザーバータンク
14…圧力計
15…リリーフ弁
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fuel supply device for a gas turbine generator for the waste organic solvent and fuel, to a fuel supply system, particularly in the supply unstable location of the waste organic solvent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Diesel, gas engines, gas turbines, etc. are used as prime movers for regular and emergency power generation facilities. Among them, gas turbines are widely used due to the small amount of NOx contained in the exhaust gas. It has become like this.
As the fuel used in the gas turbine, a gas system of LNG or LPG and a liquid system of light oil or kerosene which is relatively cheaper than the gas fuel are used.
[0003]
In addition, as part of the use of other waste, general garbage is burned to generate steam, and this steam is used to drive turbines and generators. Since the efficiency is low, a method of burning waste plastic material, waste oil and the like is also known from JP-A-7-279622.
In this technology, when waste plastic and waste oil are burned, secondary air containing water is supplied to the combustion fire to generate explosive pressure, thereby efficiently driving the turbine.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, promotion to distributed power sources has been promoted, and micro gas turbines have attracted particular attention as one of them. Since this micro gas turbine has a relatively small capacity, the above-described method for generating combustion gas by vaporizing the waste plastic and waste oil is not suitable because the apparatus becomes large. It has become.
[0005]
On the other hand, a large amount of organic solvent is used in factories related to printing, paints and coatings, but the used organic solvent is treated as industrial waste. This process is not only an extra processing task but also an environmental problem.
[0006]
The object of the present invention is to provide a fuel method and apparatus for a gas turbine generator using waste organic solvent as a fuel, and to enable simultaneous supply with other fuels when independent operation with the waste organic solvent is impossible. It is in providing the fuel supply apparatus which was made.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the first aspect of the present invention, fuel is supplied to a gas turbine power generation facility.
A tank for storing a fuel mainly composed of a waste organic solvent, which serves as a fuel for the gas turbine, and a kerosene tank are provided, and an electromagnetic valve for switching the fuel is provided on the output side of each tank. A reservoir tank is provided via a pump in a common flow path on the output side of the valve, and fuel is supplied from the reservoir tank to the gas turbine power generation facility.
A pressure adjusting means is provided in the fuel supply side flow path of the reservoir tank, and when the pressure of the fuel supplied from the reservoir tank exceeds a predetermined value, a part of the fuel is bypassed to the pump side, It is configured to keep the fuel supply pressure to the gas turbine power generation facility constant, and at the time of fuel switching from fuel mainly composed of the waste organic solvent to kerosene, power generation is performed while gradually changing the concentration in the reservoir tank. The equipment is configured to be controlled according to the amount of heat generated.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, an electromagnetic valve is provided between the flow path between the reservoir tank and the gas turbine power generation facility.
[0009]
Delete [0010]
Delete [0011]
Delete [0012]
Delete [0013]
Delete [0014]
Delete [0015]
Delete [0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a waste organic solvent tank for storing a waste organic solvent. As the waste organic solvent, benzene, hexane, toluene, ethyl acetate or the like is used. As the mode of use, those individually or appropriately mixed or mixed in other waste oil are used. Hereinafter, these are referred to as fuels mainly composed of waste organic solvents. A limit switch 2 detects that the fuel in the waste organic solvent tank 1 has dropped below a certain value. 3 is a valve, 4 is a strainer, 5 is a check valve, 6 is an electromagnetic valve as fuel switching means, and 3 to 6 are provided in a pipe which is a flow path from the waste organic solvent tank 1.
[0017]
7 is a kerosene tank into which kerosene is injected as a fuel different from the fuel mainly composed of a waste organic solvent. A strainer 8, a check valve 9 and an electromagnetic valve 10 as a fuel switching means are disposed in the flow path. ing. A pump 11 is provided in a common flow path between the waste organic solvent tank 1 and the kerosene tank 7, and sends each fuel to the reservoir tank 12.
In the gas turbine facility, when using different fuels, there are a method of operating according to the number of calories of the fuel and a method of controlling the fuel supply amount while actually managing the temperature. If the fuel containing waste organic solvent as a main component disappears during gas turbine operation and it is necessary to switch to another fuel, it is impossible to control the supply amount automatically and instantaneously. It is also very difficult to feedback-control the supply amount from the heat generation amount when a significant change in the heat generation amount occurs.
[0018]
In the present invention, for this purpose, the reservoir tank 12 is installed, and the concentration of the fuel and kerosene, which are mainly composed of waste organic solvent, is changed over gradually. Therefore, the capacity of the reservoir tank 12 is The time is determined in accordance with the time required for control on the gas turbine equipment side (not shown).
13 is an electromagnetic valve inserted between the reservoir tank 12 and the gas turbine equipment, 14 is a pressure gauge, 15 is a relief valve as a pressure adjusting means, and the fuel supplied to the gas turbine equipment becomes a certain value or more. Sometimes it operates to return the fuel to the input side of the reservoir tank 12.
[0019]
Next, the operation will be described.
When the tank 1 is sufficiently filled with fuel containing an organic solvent as a main component, the electromagnetic valve 10 inserted into the flow path of the kerosene tank 7 is closed and the electromagnetic valve 6 is controlled to be in an open state. When the pump 11 is driven under the condition that the valve 3 is open in this state, the fuel mainly composed of the waste organic solvent in the tank 1 passes through the strainer 4, the check valve 5, and the electromagnetic valve 6 to the pump 11. Supplied. At this time, relatively large foreign matter mixed in the fuel is blocked by the strainer 4, and the filtered strainer 4 is sent to the pump 11.
[0020]
When a predetermined amount of fuel driven by the motor of the pump 11 is supplied to the reservoir tank 12 to become a predetermined amount and fuel supply to the gas turbine power generation facility side becomes possible, the opening of the electromagnetic valve 13 is controlled. Then, the fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine facility, and electric power is output from a generator (not shown).
In the fuel supply process, the flow rate side pressure of the reservoir tank 12 gradually increases as the amount of fuel discharged by the pump 11 becomes larger than the amount of fuel passing through the electromagnetic valve 13.
The relief valve 15 opens when the pressure in the reservoir tank 12 rises above a predetermined value and exceeds the stable supply of fuel to the gas turbine equipment, bypasses the fuel, and returns to the inflow side of the pump 11. That is, when the stable supply of fuel to the gas turbine power generation facility becomes possible, the relief valve 15 operates to return excess fuel to the suction side of the pump 11. For this reason, fuel supply at a constant pressure is always possible for gas turbine equipment.
[0021]
When the fuel composed mainly of the waste organic solvent in the tank 1 falls below a certain value, the limit switch 2 detects this and closes the electromagnetic valve 6 and opens the electromagnetic valve 10.
This switching control may be either simultaneous or switching control considering the amount of fuel mainly composed of the waste organic solvent in the reservoir tank 12, but the fuel in the reservoir tank 12 is gradually switched. Therefore, the fuel supplied to the gas turbine power generation facility is also gradually switched from the fuel mainly composed of the waste organic solvent to kerosene, so that the control on the power generation facility side can be controlled by the heat generation amount.
That is, since the fuel is switched in a continuous operation state, stable power generation is possible.
[0022]
In addition, when the operation test of the gas turbine was implemented as a fuel which has a waste organic solvent as a main component, the electric power generation was able to be obtained without a problem about the fuel which mixed benzene, hexane, toluene, ethyl acetate, and these.
Further, even when the organic solvent was mixed in other waste oil, even when the solvent was dissolved without separation, operation was possible even when it was mixed about 30%.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, waste organic solvent, which has been conventionally treated as industrial waste, can be used as fuel for gas turbines to obtain generated power. The benefits are great not only for environmental effects but also for environmental measures.
In addition, because the reservoir tank can be used to gradually switch the fuel to the gas turbine power generation facility, control can be performed by the amount of heat generated on the generator side even at installation sites and offices where stable supply of waste organic solvents is not possible. This makes it possible to achieve stable power generation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste organic solvent storage tank 2 ... Limit switch 3 ... Valve 4, 8 ... Strainer 5, 9 ... Check valve 6, 10, 13 ... Solenoid valve 7 ... Kerosene tank 11 ... Pump 12 ... Reservoir tank 14 ... Pressure Total 15 ... relief valve

Claims (2)

ガスタービン発電設備への燃料を供給するものにおいて、For supplying fuel to gas turbine power generation facilities,
前記ガスタービンの燃料となる廃有機溶剤を主成分とする燃料を貯留するためのタンクと、灯油タンクとを併設し、各タンクの出力側にそれぞれ燃料切換のための電磁弁を設け、各電磁弁の出力側共通流路にポンプを介してリザーバータンクを設け、このリザーバータンクより前記ガスタービン発電設備に燃料を供給するA tank for storing fuel mainly composed of a waste organic solvent that serves as fuel for the gas turbine and a kerosene tank are provided, and an electromagnetic valve for switching the fuel is provided on the output side of each tank, A reservoir tank is provided via a pump in a common flow path on the output side of the valve, and fuel is supplied from the reservoir tank to the gas turbine power generation facility.
と共に、リザーバータンクの燃料供給側流路に圧力調節手段を設け、リザーバータンクから供給される燃料の圧力が所定値以上となったときに、前記燃料の一部を前記ポンプ側にバイパスして、前記ガスタービン発電設備への燃料供給圧力を一定に保つよう構成し、且つ前記廃有機溶剤を主成分とした燃料から灯油への燃料切換時に、前記リザーバータンク内の濃度を徐々に変化させながら発電設備を発熱量にしたがって制御するよう構成したことを特徴としたガスタービン発電設備の燃料供給装置。A pressure adjusting means is provided in the fuel supply side flow path of the reservoir tank, and when the pressure of the fuel supplied from the reservoir tank exceeds a predetermined value, a part of the fuel is bypassed to the pump side, It is configured to keep the fuel supply pressure to the gas turbine power generation facility constant, and at the time of fuel switching from fuel mainly composed of the waste organic solvent to kerosene, power generation is performed while gradually changing the concentration in the reservoir tank. A fuel supply apparatus for a gas turbine power generation facility, characterized in that the facility is controlled in accordance with a calorific value.
前記リザーバータンクとガスタービン発電設備との流路間に電磁弁を設けたことを特徴とした請求項1記載のガスタービン発電設備の燃料供給装置。2. The fuel supply apparatus for a gas turbine power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein an electromagnetic valve is provided between flow paths between the reservoir tank and the gas turbine power generation facility.
JP2002114070A 2002-04-17 2002-04-17 Fuel supply equipment for gas turbine power generation facilities Expired - Fee Related JP3982309B2 (en)

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