JP3978833B2

JP3978833B2 - Water tower

Info

Publication number: JP3978833B2
Application number: JP31191197A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 攻後藤; 健一郎南
Original assignee: IHI Corp
Current assignee: IHI Corp
Priority date: 1997-11-13
Filing date: 1997-11-13
Publication date: 2007-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 2017-11-13
Also published as: JPH11142070A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、冷水塔に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図７は従来の冷水塔の一例を示すもので、この冷水塔は、ケーシング１の頂部に設けられた送風機２を有する排気口３と、ケーシング１の外周に形成された外気取入口４と、ケーシング１内の上部における排気口３周囲に設けられた温水槽５と、該温水槽５の下側に配置され且つ温水槽５下面の散水口６から流下させた温水７を送風機２により外気取入口４から取り込んだ外気８と熱交換させて冷却する熱交換部９とを備えており、該熱交換部９は、温水槽５の直下に設けたフィン付きチューブ１０からなる乾式空気加熱部１１と、該乾式空気加熱部１１の下側に配置され且つ例えばシート状の合成樹脂材の表面に凹凸を有した熱交換面材を多数並列に起立させて備えることにより外気８の流通空間を確保した充填材１２とにより構成されている。
【０００３】
尚、図中１３は冷却後の水を回収する底部水槽である。
【０００４】
斯かる冷水塔においては、温水槽５の温水７を散水口６から乾式空気加熱部１１のフィン付きチューブ１０内を通して流下させた後に、その下部の充填材１２に沿わせて流下させ、同時に送風機２により外気取入口４から外気８を吸引して乾式空気加熱部１１及び充填材１２を横方向に流通させることにより前記温水７の冷却を行うようにしている。
【０００５】
このとき、前記充填材１２に沿って流下する温水７は、外気８と直接熱交換されることにより効果的に冷却されるが、一方、充填材１２において温水７と熱交換を行った外気８は、昇温されると共に湿度が略１００％の湿り空気１４となるので、この湿り空気１４をそのまま冷水塔外部に排出すると、外気温度が低い場合に白煙を生じることがある。
【０００６】
このような白煙の発生は、外気を汚染しているかの如き誤解を近隣居住者等に与える結果となり、また、白煙が地上に降りて周囲に霧のように立ちこめることにより視界不良を招く等の不具合があるので、白煙を極力発生させないようにする要求が高まっている。
【０００７】
この為、図示する例においては、温水７を乾式空気加熱部１１のフィン付きチューブ１０内を通して流下させる際に、フィン付きチューブ１０の外周に沿って流通する外気８を乾式で加熱することにより湿度が極めて低い乾き空気１５とし、この乾き空気１５を送風機２によって前記湿り空気１４に混合して排気口３から排出される空気の湿度を低減し、白煙の発生を防止するようにしているのである。
【０００８】
しかしながら、前述した如き従来の冷水塔においては、白煙の発生を防止する為の乾き空気１５を作る為に、フィン付きチューブ１０による専用の乾式空気加熱部１１を設けるようにしている為、構造が複雑化して建築コストが高騰すると共に、フィン付きチューブ１０による間接的な熱交換である為に熱交換効率を高めることができず、従って大きな容量が必要となって乾式空気加熱部１１の構造が大型化し、冷水塔の高さ寸法が増大して冷水塔全体の大型化を招くという問題があった。
【０００９】
そこで、本発明者らは、建築コストの高騰や全体構造の大型化を招くことなく、白煙の発生を防止し得るようにした冷水塔を創案し、これを特願平９−３９０８３号として出願するに至った。
【００１０】
この冷水塔の概要は、図８及び図９に示す通りであり、フィン付きチューブによる専用の乾式空気加熱部を不要とし、温水槽５の下側に配置される熱交換部を、シート状の合成樹脂材の表面に凹凸を付した熱交換面材を多数並列に起立させて上下方向に延びる外気８の流通空間１６を確保した充填材１２により構成しており、互いに外気８の流通空間１６を隔絶した常時湿式領域１７と湿式・乾式切替領域１８とに夫々区分されて交互に配置されている。
【００１１】
一方、前記温水槽５内は、その直下に配置される充填材１２の湿式・乾式切替領域１８を常時湿式領域１７とは別に散水し得るよう湿式・乾式切替領域１８に連通する全ての散水口６を温水槽５内で紆余曲折する仕切板２３により櫛歯状に区画して共通の区画領域２４に開口させるようにしてあり、該区画領域２４と温水槽５内における区画領域２４以外の貯水領域２５とは、前記仕切板２３により互い違いに深く入り込んだ袋小路状に形成される複数列の分配通路２６と、該各分配通路２６に連通して各分配通路２６の並び方向に延びる供給通路２７とを有して形成されている。
【００１２】
また、前記区画領域２４と貯水領域２５とにおける各供給通路２７の夫々の上側には、該各供給通路２７に沿って延び且つその下面に多数の散水孔２８を長手方向に開口した給水ヘッダ２９が夫々配設されており、貯水領域２５側の給水ヘッダ２９の一端には、温水７を供給する温水供給管３０が接続されていると共に、区画領域２４側の給水ヘッダ２９の一端には、前記温水供給管３０から分岐した枝管３１が温水７の分配を適宜に遮断し得るようバルブ３２を介して接続されている。
【００１３】
而して、白煙が発生する虞れが無い時（外気温度が高い時）に、温水供給管３０から貯水領域２５側の給水ヘッダ２９に温水７を供給すると共に、温水供給管３０から枝管３１を介し区画領域２４側の給水ヘッダ２９にも温水７を分配すると、貯水領域２５及び区画領域２４における各供給通路２７に各給水ヘッダ２９の散水孔２８から温水７が給水されるので、前記各供給通路２７の夫々に連通している複数列の分配通路２６に対しても温水７が分配され、充填材１２における常時湿式領域１７と湿式・乾式切替領域１８の両方に散水が行われて充填材１２の全領域で外気８による温水７の直接冷却が行われる。
【００１４】
一方、冬期等の白煙が発生する虞れがある時（外気温度が低い時）に、温水供給管３０から区画領域２４への温水７の分配をバルブ３２を閉じて遮断すると、温水７が散水されている常時湿式領域１７での外気８による温水７の直接冷却と、温水７が散水されていない湿式・乾式切替領域１８を流通する外気８の乾式加熱とが同時に行われ、前記直接冷却によって生じる湿り空気に、乾式加熱によって生じる乾き空気が混合されて白煙の発生が防止される。
【００１５】
従って、このような冷水塔によれば、充填材１２の一部を湿式・乾式切替領域１８として利用することによって、フィン付きチューブによる専用の乾式空気加熱部を不要とすることができ、しかも、温水槽５内を仕切板２３で区画するだけで温水槽５を従来と同じ高さ寸法のまま格別な構造の複雑化を招くことなく実施できるので、白煙の発生を防止し得る冷水塔の建築コストの削減と小型化を図ることができる。
【００１６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前述した既出願の冷水塔においては、温水槽５内が仕切板２３により相互に入り組んだ状態で区画されてしまうので、貯水領域２５及び区画領域２４における各分配通路２６に対し極力均等に温水７が行き亘るように、各分配通路２６に連通して各分配通路２６の並び方向に延びる供給通路２７を形成し、該供給通路２７に沿って延び且つその下面に多数の散水孔２８を長手方向に開口した給水ヘッダ２９により給水を行うように工夫しているわけであるが、給水ヘッダ２９への温水７の導入流量が高い場合には、閉塞されている給水ヘッダ２９の先端側に対し基端側の方が相対的に動圧が大きく作用して静圧が低下し、給水ヘッダ２９の基端側の散水孔２８からの給水量が少なくなり、給水ヘッダ２９の先端側に向かうにつれて徐々に散水孔２８からの給水量が多くなる傾向となるので、供給通路２７の長手方向に給水量の偏りが生じ易くなり、各分配通路２６に対し温水７を良好に等配分することが難しくなるという不具合があった。
【００１７】
この対策としては、給水ヘッダ２９の長手方向における散水孔２８の配置間隔を給水ヘッダ２９の基端側で細かくし且つ先端側で粗くして給水量の均等化を図るよう設計することが考えられるが、このように散水孔２８の配置間隔を変更して給水量の均等化を図り得るようにする設計は非常に手間がかかり、しかも、給水ヘッダ２９への導入流量が変動した場合に全く対応できないという不具合もあった。
【００１８】
本発明は上述の実情に鑑みてなしたもので、温水槽内を仕切板により区画して充填材の一部を湿式・乾式切替領域として利用し得るようにした冷水塔に関し、給水ヘッダによる給水が供給通路の長手方向に不均等に成されても、温水を各分配通路の並び方向に等配分し得るようにすることを目的としている。
【００１９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、温水槽の下面に開口した複数の散水口から温水槽直下の充填材に温水を散水し、該充填材の表面を流下する温水に外気を直接接触させて温水を冷却する冷水塔であって、充填材を互いに外気の流通空間を隔絶した常時湿式領域と湿式・乾式切替領域とに区分して交互に配置し、該湿式・乾式切替領域を常時湿式領域とは別に散水し得るよう前記湿式・乾式切替領域に連通する全ての散水口を、温水槽内で紆余曲折する仕切板により櫛歯状に区画して互い違いに深く入り込んだ袋小路状の分配通路を有する区画領域と貯水領域のそれぞれに開口させ、前記仕切板により区画された区画領域と貯水領域の複数列の分配通路に連通するよう該各分配通路の並び方向に延びる供給通路上に、該供給通路に沿って延び且つその下面に多数の散水孔を開口した給水ヘッダを配設し、前記各供給通路内における給水ヘッダの温水供給位置と前記各分配通路との間に、前記給水ヘッダから供給される温水を堰き止めて前記各分配通路の並び方向に等配分し得るよう溢流させる堰板を配設したことを特徴とするものである。
【００２０】
而して、白煙が発生する虞れが無い時（外気温度が高い時）に、給水ヘッダから供給通路に温水を供給して各分配通路を介し貯水領域を温水で満たし、且つ区画領域にも温水を別途供給すると、温水槽下面の散水口から充填材の常時湿式領域と湿式・乾式切替領域の両方に散水が行われて充填材の全領域で外気による温水の直接冷却が効果的に行われる。
【００２１】
一方、白煙が発生する虞れがある時（外気温度が低い時）に、区画領域への温水の供給を遮断すると、温水が散水されている常時湿式領域での外気による温水の直接冷却と、温水が散水されていない湿式・乾式切替領域を流通する外気の乾式加熱とが同時に行われ、前記直接冷却によって生じる湿り空気に、乾式加熱によって生じる乾き空気が混合されて白煙の発生が防止される。
【００２２】
更に、本発明においては、湿式・乾式切替領域に連通する全ての散水口を温水槽内で紆余曲折する仕切板により櫛歯状に区画して共通の区画領域と貯水領域に開口させ、且つ前記仕切板により区画領域及び貯水領域の双方に互い違いに深く入り込んだ袋小路状に分配通路を形成し、区画領域側の分配通路と貯水領域の分配通路に連通するよう該各分配通路の並び方向に延びる給水ヘッダ及び堰板を配設しているので、区画領域及び貯水領域へ温水を供給するにあたり、給水ヘッダの各散水孔からの給水が供給通路の長手方向に不均等に成されたとしても、給水された温水が堰板により堰き止められて溜まり、該堰板の上端から溢流して区画領域と貯水領域の各分配通路の並び方向に等配分されるので、前記供給通路に連通している複数列の分配通路に対し温水が等配分されて各分配通路の奥まで良好に行き亘り、充填材における常時湿式領域、湿式・乾式切替領域に均一性の高い良好な散水を行うことができる。
【００２３】
【００２４】
また、供給通路内に配設される堰板の具体例としては、例えば堰板の上端を略水平に形成したものを採用することが可能であり、このようにすれば、堰板により堰き止められて供給通路の長手方向に水位差を均された温水が、略水平に形成された堰板の上端を全幅に亘り均等に溢流することになるので、溢流した温水は各分配通路の並び方向に等配分される。
【００２５】
この際に、堰板を各分配通路の長手方向に適宜な間隔を隔てて複数枚配設するようにして各堰板の上端を繰り返し溢流させれば、一層確実に温水を等配分することが可能となる。
【００２６】
更に、このようにした場合において、少くとも最も上流側に配置された堰板の給水ヘッダ側に、該給水ヘッダの長手方向に対し略直角な向きに適宜な枚数の副堰板を設けるようにすれば、給水ヘッダによる不均等な給水を要因とした供給通路の長手方向に向かう温水の流れが形成され難くなるので、該温水の流れの影響を受けることなく、堰板の全幅に亘り一様な溢流が安定して成され、より一層確実に温水を等配分することが可能となる。
【００２７】
また、給水ヘッダの各散水孔からの給水が供給通路の長手方向に著しく不均等である場合には、堰板の上端を給水ヘッダ内を流れる温水の流れ方向に向け上り勾配を成すよう傾斜させて形成するようにしても良い。
【００２８】
即ち、一般的に、給水ヘッダへの温水の導入流量が高い場合には、閉塞されている給水ヘッダの先端側に対し基端側の方が相対的に動圧が大きく作用して静圧が低下し、給水ヘッダの基端側の散水孔からの給水量が少なくなり、給水ヘッダの先端側に向かうにつれて徐々に散水孔からの給水量が多くなる傾向となるので、前述したように、堰板の上端を給水ヘッダ内を流れる温水の流れ方向に向け上り勾配を成すよう傾斜させて形成しておけば、給水量の少ない給水ヘッダの基端側で溢流し易くし、給水量の多い給水ヘッダの先端側に向かうにつれて溢流し難くなるよう調整することが可能となり、結果として、堰板の上端から溢流した温水が各分配通路の並び方向に等配分されることになる。
【００２９】
また、必要に応じて、堰板の適宜位置に温水を流出する流出孔を開口するようにしても良く、このようにすれば、補助的に流出孔から温水の一部を流出させることにより、より細かく温水の配分を調整することが可能となる。
【００３０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照しつつ説明する。
【００３１】
図１及び図２は本発明を実施する形態の一例を示すもので、図７乃至図９と同一の符号を付した部分は同一物を表わしている。
【００３２】
本形態例における冷水塔は、先に図８及び図９で説明した既出願の冷水塔と略同様に構成されているが、供給通路２７内における給水ヘッダ２９の温水供給位置と前記各分配通路２６との間に、前記給水ヘッダ２９から供給される温水７を堰き止めて前記各分配通路２６の並び方向に等配分し得るよう溢流させる堰板３３を配設した点を特徴としている。
【００３３】
ここで、図示する例では、上端を略水平に形成した堰板３３が採用されており、この堰板３３により堰き止められて供給通路２７の長手方向に水位差を均された温水７が、前記堰板３３の上端を全幅に亘り均等に溢流して各分配通路２６の並び方向に等配分されるようにしてある。
【００３４】
而して、白煙が発生する虞れが無い時（外気温度が高い時）に、温水供給管３０から貯水領域２５側の給水ヘッダ２９に温水７を供給すると共に、温水供給管３０から枝管３１を介し区画領域２４側の給水ヘッダ２９にも温水７を分配すると、貯水領域２５及び区画領域２４における各供給通路２７に各給水ヘッダ２９の各散水孔２８から温水７が給水され、堰板３３により堰き止められて溜まり、これによって、供給通路２７の長手方向に水位差を均された温水７が、前記堰板３３の略水平な上端から溢流して各分配通路の並び方向に等配分されるので、前記各供給通路２７の夫々に連通している複数列の分配通路２６に対し温水７が等配分されて前記各分配通路２６の奥まで良好に行き亘り、充填材１２における常時湿式領域１７と湿式・乾式切替領域１８の両方に均一性の高い良好な散水が行われて充填材１２の全領域で外気８による温水７の直接冷却が効果的に行われる。
【００３５】
一方、冬期等の白煙が発生する虞れがある時（外気温度が低い時）に、温水供給管３０から区画領域２４への温水７の分配をバルブ３２を閉じて遮断すると、温水７が散水されている常時湿式領域１７での外気８による温水７の直接冷却と、温水７が散水されていない湿式・乾式切替領域１８を流通する外気８の乾式加熱とが同時に行われ、前記直接冷却によって生じる湿り空気に、乾式加熱によって生じる乾き空気が混合されて白煙の発生が防止される。
【００３６】
従って、前述した本形態例の冷水塔によれば、給水ヘッダ２９の各散水孔２８からの給水が供給通路２７の長手方向に不均等に成されても、給水された温水７を堰板３３により堰き止めて溜め、供給通路２７の長手方向に水位差を均して堰板３３の上端から溢流させることにより各分配通路２６の並び方向に等配分することができるので、前記供給通路２７に連通している複数列の分配通路２６に対しても温水７を等配分して各分配通路２６の奥まで良好に行き亘らせることができ、これによって、充填材１２における常時湿式領域１７と湿式・乾式切替領域１８の両方で均一性の高い良好な散水を行わしめて外気８による温水７の直接冷却を効果的に実現することができ、しかも、給水ヘッダ２９の散水孔２８の配置間隔を変更して給水量の均等化を図り得るようにするといった手間のかかる設計を不要とし且つ給水ヘッダ２９への導入流量が変動した場合にも常に各分配通路２６への温水７の等配分を実現することができる。
【００３７】
【００３８】
また、供給通路２７内に配設される堰板３３の変形例としては、例えば、図３に模式的に示す如く、上端を略水平に形成した堰板３３を各分配通路２６の長手方向に適宜な間隔を隔てて複数枚配設するようにして各堰板３３の上端を繰り返し溢流させるようにしても良く、このようにすれば、一層確実に温水７を等配分することが可能となる。
【００３９】
更に、このようにした場合において、図４に模式的に示す如く、少くとも最も上流側に配置された堰板３３の給水ヘッダ２９側に、該給水ヘッダ２９の長手方向に対し略直角な向きに適宜な枚数の副堰板３４を設けるようにしても良く、このようにすれば、給水ヘッダ２９による不均等な給水を要因とした供給通路２７の長手方向に向かう温水７の流れが形成され難くなるので、該温水７の流れの影響を受けることなく、堰板３３の全幅に亘り一様な溢流が安定して成され、より一層確実に温水７を等配分することが可能となる。
【００４０】
また、図５に模式的に示す如く、給水ヘッダ２９の各散水孔２８からの給水が供給通路２７の長手方向に著しく不均等である場合には、堰板３３の上端を給水ヘッダ２９内を流れる温水７の流れ方向に向け上り勾配を成すよう傾斜させて形成するようにしても良い。
【００４１】
即ち、一般的に、給水ヘッダ２９への温水７の導入流量が高い場合には、閉塞されている給水ヘッダ２９の先端側に対し基端側の方が相対的に動圧が大きく作用して静圧が低下し、給水ヘッダ２９の基端側の散水孔２８からの給水量が少なくなり、給水ヘッダ２９の先端側に向かうにつれて徐々に散水孔２８からの給水量が多くなる傾向となるので、前述したように、堰板３３の上端を給水ヘッダ２９内を流れる温水７の流れ方向に向け上り勾配を成すよう傾斜させて形成しておけば、給水量の少ない給水ヘッダ２９の基端側で溢流し易くし、給水量の多い給水ヘッダ２９の先端側に向かうにつれて溢流し難くなるよう調整することが可能となり、結果として、堰板３３の上端から溢流した温水７を各分配通路２６の並び方向に等配分させることが可能となる。
【００４２】
また、図６に模式的に示す如く、必要に応じて、堰板３３の適宜位置に温水７を流出する流出孔３５を開口するようにしても良く、このようにすれば、補助的に流出孔３５から温水７の一部を流出させることにより、より細かく温水７の配分を調整することが可能となる。
【００４３】
尚、本発明の冷水塔は、上述の形態例にのみ限定されるものではなく、例えば、堰板を上下方向に高さを位置を調節して取り付けられるようにしておき、必要に応じて堰板の下端との供給通路の底面との間に隙間を形成することにより上側からの温水の溢流と下側からの流出とを併用するようにしても良いこと、その他、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。
【００４４】
【発明の効果】
上記した本発明の冷水塔によれば、下記の如き種々の優れた効果を奏し得る。
【００４５】
（Ｉ）本発明の請求項１に記載の発明によれば、区画領域及び貯水領域へ温水を供給するにあたり、給水ヘッダの各散水孔からの給水が供給通路の長手方向に不均等に成されたとしても、給水された温水を堰板により堰き止めて溜め、該堰板の上端から溢流させることにより各分配通路の並び方向に等配分することができるので、前記供給通路に連通している区画領域及び貯水領域の複数列の分配通路に対して温水を等配分して各分配通路の奥まで良好に行き亘らせることができ、これによって、充填材における常時湿式領域、湿式・乾式切替領域に均一性の高い良好な散水を行わしめて外気による温水の直接冷却を効果的に実現することができ、しかも、給水ヘッダの散水孔の配置間隔を変更して給水量の均等化を図り得るようにするといった手間のかかる設計を不要とし且つ給水ヘッダへの導入流量が変動した場合にも常に各分配通路への温水の等配分を実現することができる。
【００４６】
【００４７】
（ＩＩ）本発明の請求項２に記載の発明によれば、堰板により堰き止められて供給通路の長手方向に水位差を均された温水を、略水平に形成された堰板の上端を全幅に亘り均等に溢流させて各分配通路の並び方向に等配分することができる。
【００４８】
（ＩＩＩ）本発明の請求項３に記載の発明によれば、各堰板の上端を繰り返し溢流させることにより、一層確実な温水の等配分を実現することができる。
【００４９】
（ＩＶ）本発明の請求項４に記載の発明によれば、給水ヘッダによる不均等な給水を要因とした供給通路の長手方向に向かう温水の流れを形成し難くすることができ、該温水の流れの影響を受けることなく、堰板の全幅に亘り一様な溢流が安定して成されるようにして、より一層確実な温水の等配分を実現することができる。
【００５０】
（Ｖ）本発明の請求項５に記載の発明によれば、給水ヘッダの各散水孔からの給水が供給通路の長手方向に著しく不均等である場合に、給水量の少ない給水ヘッダの基端側で溢流し易くし、給水量の多い給水ヘッダの先端側に向かうにつれて溢流し難くなるよう調整することができるので、堰板の上端から溢流した温水を各分配通路の並び方向に等配分することができる。
【００５１】
（ＶＩ）本発明の請求項６に記載の発明によれば、補助的に流出孔から温水の一部を流出させることにより、より細かく温水の配分を調整することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明を実施する形態の一例を示す斜視図である。
【図２】図１の温水槽の平面図である。
【図３】本発明における堰板の第一変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図４】本発明における堰板の第二変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図５】本発明における堰板の第三変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図６】本発明における堰板の第四変形例を示す斜視図である。
【図７】従来の冷水塔の一例を示す概略図である。
【図８】従来の冷水塔の別の例を示す斜視図である。
【図９】図８の温水槽の平面図である。
【符号の説明】
５温水槽
６散水口
７温水
８外気
１２充填材
１６流通空間
１７常時湿式領域
１８湿式・乾式切替領域
２３仕切板
２４区画領域
２５貯水領域
２６分配通路
２７供給通路
２８散水孔
２９給水ヘッダ
３３堰板
３４副堰板
３５流出孔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cold water tower.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 7 shows an example of a conventional cold water tower. The cold water tower includes an exhaust port 3 having a blower 2 provided at the top of the casing 1, an outside air intake port 4 formed on the outer periphery of the casing 1, and The hot water tank 5 provided around the exhaust port 3 in the upper part of the casing 1 and the hot water 7 disposed below the hot water tank 5 and allowed to flow down from the water spray port 6 on the lower surface of the hot water tank 5 are taken out by the blower 2. A heat exchanging section 9 is provided for heat exchange with the outside air 8 taken in from the inlet 4 and cooled, and the heat exchanging section 9 is a dry air heating section 11 comprising a finned tube 10 provided immediately below the hot water tank 5. And a space for the outside air 8 to be secured by arranging in parallel a number of heat exchange face materials disposed on the lower side of the dry air heating unit 11 and having irregularities on the surface of a sheet-like synthetic resin material, for example. The filler 12 is made up of That.
[0003]
In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes a bottom water tank for collecting the cooled water.
[0004]
In such a cold water tower, the hot water 7 in the hot water tank 5 is caused to flow down from the sprinkling port 6 through the finned tube 10 of the dry air heating unit 11 and then down along the filler 12 at the lower portion thereof, and at the same time, the blower The hot water 7 is cooled by sucking the outside air 8 from the outside air inlet 4 and circulating the dry air heating unit 11 and the filler 12 in the lateral direction.
[0005]
At this time, the hot water 7 flowing down along the filler 12 is effectively cooled by directly exchanging heat with the outside air 8. On the other hand, the outside air 8 having exchanged heat with the warm water 7 in the filler 12. As the temperature rises and the humidity becomes the humid air 14 with approximately 100%, if the humid air 14 is discharged to the outside of the cold water tower as it is, white smoke may be generated when the outside air temperature is low.
[0006]
The generation of such white smoke results in misunderstandings such as whether it is polluting the outside air to neighboring residents, etc., and white smoke falls on the ground and stands like mist around it, causing poor visibility Therefore, there is an increasing demand to minimize the generation of white smoke.
[0007]
For this reason, in the illustrated example, when the hot water 7 flows down through the finned tube 10 of the dry air heating unit 11, the outside air 8 flowing along the outer periphery of the finned tube 10 is heated in a dry manner to reduce the humidity. However, the dry air 15 is mixed with the humid air 14 by the blower 2 to reduce the humidity of the air discharged from the exhaust port 3 and prevent the generation of white smoke. is there.
[0008]
However, in the conventional cold water tower as described above, in order to produce dry air 15 for preventing the generation of white smoke, a dedicated dry air heating unit 11 by the finned tube 10 is provided. However, the heat exchange efficiency cannot be increased due to the indirect heat exchange by the finned tube 10, and thus a large capacity is required and the structure of the dry air heating unit 11 is increased. There is a problem that the size of the chilled water tower increases and the height of the chilled water tower increases, leading to an increase in the size of the entire cold water tower.
[0009]
Therefore, the present inventors have devised a cold water tower capable of preventing the generation of white smoke without causing a rise in construction cost and an increase in the overall structure, and this is referred to as Japanese Patent Application No. 9-39083. I came to apply.
[0010]
The outline of this cold water tower is as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , which eliminates the need for a dedicated dry air heating unit using a finned tube, and replaces the heat exchange unit disposed below the hot water tank 5 with a sheet-like shape. A large number of heat exchange facets with irregularities on the surface of the synthetic resin material are arranged in parallel to form a filler 12 that secures a circulation space 16 of the outside air 8 extending in the vertical direction. Are separated into a regular wet region 17 and a wet / dry switching region 18 that are isolated from each other.
[0011]
On the other hand, in the hot water tank 5, all the water spouts communicating with the wet / dry switching region 18 so that the wet / dry switching region 18 of the filler 12 arranged immediately below the water can be constantly sprayed separately from the wet region 17. 6 is partitioned into a comb-like shape by a partition plate 23 that is bent more or less in the hot water tank 5 so as to be opened in a common partition area 24, and the stored water other than the partition area 24 in the partition area 24 and the hot water tank 5. The region 25 includes a plurality of rows of distribution passages 26 that are formed in the shape of bag paths that are alternately inserted deeply by the partition plate 23, and a supply passage 27 that communicates with the distribution passages 26 and extends in the direction in which the distribution passages 26 are arranged. Are formed.
[0012]
Further, a water supply header 29 that extends along the supply passages 27 and has a number of water spray holes 28 in the longitudinal direction on the lower surface thereof is provided above the supply passages 27 in the partition region 24 and the water storage region 25. The hot water supply pipe 30 for supplying the hot water 7 is connected to one end of the water supply header 29 on the water storage area 25 side, and one end of the water supply header 29 on the partition area 24 side is connected to one end of the water supply header 29 on the water storage area 25 side. A branch pipe 31 branched from the hot water supply pipe 30 is connected via a valve 32 so as to appropriately block the distribution of the hot water 7.
[0013]
Thus, when there is no possibility that white smoke is generated (when the outside air temperature is high), the hot water 7 is supplied from the hot water supply pipe 30 to the water supply header 29 on the side of the water storage region 25 and branches from the hot water supply pipe 30. When the hot water 7 is distributed also to the water supply header 29 on the partition area 24 side via the pipe 31, the hot water 7 is supplied from the water spray holes 28 of the water supply headers 29 to the supply passages 27 in the water storage area 25 and the partition area 24. The hot water 7 is also distributed to a plurality of rows of distribution passages 26 communicating with each of the supply passages 27, and water is constantly sprayed to both the wet region 17 and the wet / dry switching region 18 in the filler 12. The hot water 7 is directly cooled by the outside air 8 in the entire region of the filler 12.
[0014]
On the other hand, when there is a possibility that white smoke may be generated in winter or the like (when the outside air temperature is low), if the distribution of the hot water 7 from the hot water supply pipe 30 to the partition region 24 is closed by closing the valve 32, the hot water 7 The direct cooling of the hot water 7 by the outside air 8 in the constantly wet area 17 where water is sprayed and the dry heating of the outside air 8 flowing through the wet / dry switching area 18 where the hot water 7 is not sprayed are simultaneously performed. The dry air generated by the dry heating is mixed with the humid air generated by the above, thereby preventing the generation of white smoke.
[0015]
Therefore, according to such a chilled water tower, by using a part of the filler 12 as the wet / dry switching region 18, a dedicated dry air heating unit using a finned tube can be made unnecessary, Since the hot water tank 5 can be implemented without dividing the warm water tank 5 with the same height as the conventional one without complicating the structure by simply partitioning the inside of the hot water tank 5 with the partition plate 23, a cold water tower that can prevent the generation of white smoke. The construction cost can be reduced and the size can be reduced.
[0016]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the cold water tower of the above-mentioned application, the inside of the hot water tank 5 is partitioned in a state where it is interleaved by the partition plate 23, so that it is as uniform as possible with respect to each distribution passage 26 in the water storage region 25 and the partition region 24. A supply passage 27 that communicates with each distribution passage 26 and extends in the direction in which the distribution passages 26 are arranged is formed so that the hot water 7 spreads, and a plurality of water spray holes 28 extend along the supply passage 27 and on the lower surface thereof. Although it is devised to supply water by the water supply header 29 opened in the longitudinal direction, when the introduction flow rate of the hot water 7 to the water supply header 29 is high, the water supply header 29 is closed at the front end side. On the other hand, a relatively large dynamic pressure acts on the base end side to reduce the static pressure, the amount of water supplied from the sprinkling holes 28 on the base end side of the water supply header 29 decreases, and the water supply header 29 heads toward the front end side. Nitsu Accordingly, the amount of water supplied from the sprinkling holes 28 tends to increase gradually, so that the amount of water supplied tends to be biased in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage 27, and the hot water 7 can be distributed equally to each distribution passage 26. There was a problem that it became difficult.
[0017]
As a countermeasure, it can be considered that the arrangement interval of the water spray holes 28 in the longitudinal direction of the water supply header 29 is made finer at the base end side of the water supply header 29 and roughened at the front end side so as to equalize the water supply amount. However, the design that can change the arrangement interval of the water spray holes 28 to equalize the amount of water supply takes a lot of time, and is completely compatible with the case where the introduction flow rate to the water supply header 29 fluctuates. There was also a problem that it was not possible.
[0018]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and relates to a cold water tower in which the inside of a hot water tank is partitioned by a partition plate so that a part of the filler can be used as a wet / dry switching region. It is an object of the present invention to allow hot water to be equally distributed in the direction in which the distribution passages are arranged even if they are unevenly formed in the longitudinal direction of the supply passages.
[0019]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a chilled water tower that cools warm water by spraying warm water from a plurality of sprinkling openings opened on the lower surface of the warm water tank to the filler just below the warm water tank, and bringing the outside air into direct contact with the warm water flowing down the surface of the filler In addition, the filler can be alternately divided into a normal wet region and a wet / dry switching region in which the circulation space of the outside air is isolated from each other, and the wet / dry switching region can be sprayed separately from the normal wet region. All the water spouts communicating with the wet / dry switching area are partitioned in a comb-like manner by a partition plate that is twisted and folded in the hot water tank, and a partition area and a water storage area having a bag path-like distribution passage that alternately enters deeply. And extending along the supply passages on the supply passages extending in the alignment direction of the distribution passages so as to communicate with the plurality of distribution passages of the partition regions and the water storage regions partitioned by the partition plates. A lot of dust on the bottom Arranged to feed water header having an open hole, the between each distribution passage and hot water supply positions of the feed water header in the supply passage, the respective distribution passages dammed hot water supplied from the water supply header A dam plate is provided for overflowing so as to be equally distributed in the arrangement direction.
[0020]
Thus, when there is no risk of white smoke generation (when the outside air temperature is high), hot water is supplied from the water supply header to the supply passage to fill the storage area with hot water through each distribution passage, and to the compartment area. If hot water is supplied separately, water is sprayed from the sprinkling port on the lower surface of the hot water tank to both the regular wet area and the wet / dry switching area, and direct cooling of the hot water by the outside air is effective in the entire area of the filler. Done.
[0021]
On the other hand, when there is a possibility of white smoke (when the outside air temperature is low), if the supply of hot water to the compartment area is cut off, direct cooling of the hot water by the outside air in the always wet area where hot water is sprayed In addition, dry heating of the outside air flowing through the wet / dry switching area where hot water is not sprinkled is performed at the same time, and the dry air generated by the dry heating is mixed with the humid air generated by the direct cooling to prevent generation of white smoke Is done.
[0022]
Furthermore, in the present invention, all the water spouts communicating with the wet / dry switching region are partitioned in a comb-like shape by a partition plate that is twisted and folded in the hot water tank so as to open to the common partition region and the water storage region, and The partition plate forms a distribution passage in the form of a bag path that penetrates deeply into both the partition area and the water storage area by the partition plate, and extends in the arrangement direction of the distribution passages so as to communicate with the distribution path on the partition area side and the distribution passage of the water storage area. Since the water supply header and the dam plate are arranged, even when the water supply from each water spray hole of the water supply header is unevenly formed in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage in supplying the hot water to the partition area and the water storage area, The supplied hot water is blocked by the dam plate and collected, overflows from the upper end of the dam plate, and is equally distributed in the direction in which the distribution passages of the partition region and the water storage region are arranged, and thus communicates with the supply passage. Multi-column minutes Over go well deep into the respective distribution passages are equally distributed hot water to the passage, it is possible to perform a high uniformity better watering constantly wet areas, wet-dry changeover region in the filling material.
[0023]
[0024]
In addition, as a specific example of the dam plate disposed in the supply passage, for example, it is possible to adopt a dam plate in which the upper end of the dam plate is formed substantially horizontally. Therefore, the hot water leveled in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage overflows uniformly over the entire width of the upper end of the substantially horizontally formed weir plate. Equally distributed in the line direction.
[0025]
At this time, if the upper end of each dam plate is repeatedly overflowed by arranging a plurality of dam plates at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of each distribution passage, the hot water is more evenly distributed. Is possible.
[0026]
Further, in such a case, an appropriate number of auxiliary dam plates are provided on the feed header side of the dam plate arranged at the most upstream side in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the feed header at least. Then, since it becomes difficult to form a flow of hot water in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage due to uneven water supply by the water supply header, it is uniform over the entire width of the dam plate without being affected by the flow of the hot water. Therefore, it becomes possible to distribute hot water evenly and more reliably.
[0027]
In addition, if the water supply from each sprinkling hole of the water supply header is extremely uneven in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage, the upper end of the weir plate is inclined so as to form an upward gradient in the flow direction of the hot water flowing in the water supply header. You may make it form.
[0028]
That is, in general, when the flow rate of hot water introduced into the feed header is high, the dynamic pressure is relatively greater on the base end side than the front end side of the blocked feed header, and the static pressure is increased. The amount of water supplied from the sprinkling holes on the base end side of the water supply header decreases, and the amount of water supplied from the water sprinkling holes tends to increase gradually toward the front end side of the water supply header. If the upper end of the plate is inclined so as to form an upward gradient in the direction of the hot water flowing through the water supply header, it will be easy to overflow at the base end side of the water supply header with a small amount of water supply, and water supply with a large amount of water supply It becomes possible to adjust so that it becomes difficult to overflow as it goes to the front end side of the header. As a result, the hot water overflowing from the upper end of the weir plate is equally distributed in the arrangement direction of the distribution passages.
[0029]
In addition, if necessary, an outflow hole through which the warm water flows out may be opened at an appropriate position of the dam plate.In this way, by partially letting out a part of the warm water from the outflow hole, It becomes possible to adjust the distribution of warm water more finely.
[0030]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0031]
1 and 2 show an example of an embodiment for carrying out the present invention, and portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 7 to 9 represent the same items.
[0032]
The chilled water tower in this embodiment is configured in substantially the same manner as the chilled water tower already described in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , but the hot water supply position of the water supply header 29 in the supply passage 27 and the distribution passages. 26, a dam plate 33 is provided that dams the hot water 7 supplied from the water supply header 29 and overflows it so that it can be equally distributed in the direction in which the distribution passages 26 are arranged.
[0033]
Here, in the illustrated example, a dam plate 33 having an upper end formed substantially horizontally is adopted, and the hot water 7 that is blocked by the dam plate 33 and leveled in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage 27 is, The upper end of the weir plate 33 overflows evenly over the entire width and is equally distributed in the direction in which the distribution passages 26 are arranged.
[0034]
Thus, when there is no possibility that white smoke is generated (when the outside air temperature is high), the hot water 7 is supplied from the hot water supply pipe 30 to the water supply header 29 on the side of the water storage region 25 and branches from the hot water supply pipe 30. When the hot water 7 is distributed also to the water supply header 29 on the partition area 24 side via the pipe 31, the hot water 7 is supplied to each supply passage 27 in the water storage area 25 and the partition area 24 from each water spray hole 28 of each water supply header 29. The hot water 7 leveled up in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage 27 overflows from the substantially horizontal upper end of the weir plate 33, and so on in the arrangement direction of the distribution passages. Therefore, the hot water 7 is equally distributed to the plurality of rows of distribution passages 26 communicating with the respective supply passages 27 and spreads to the back of the distribution passages 26, so that the filling material 12 always has the distribution. Wet area 17 and wet Direct cooling of the hot water 7 by the ambient air 8 in the entire area of the dry switch region 18 both to a high uniformity better watering performed by the filler 12 is effectively performed.
[0035]
On the other hand, when there is a possibility that white smoke may be generated in winter or the like (when the outside air temperature is low), if the distribution of the hot water 7 from the hot water supply pipe 30 to the partition region 24 is closed by closing the valve 32, the hot water 7 The direct cooling of the hot water 7 by the outside air 8 in the constantly wet area 17 where water is sprayed and the dry heating of the outside air 8 flowing through the wet / dry switching area 18 where the hot water 7 is not sprayed are simultaneously performed. The dry air generated by the dry heating is mixed with the humid air generated by the above, thereby preventing the generation of white smoke.
[0036]
Therefore, according to the chilled water tower of the present embodiment described above, even if the water supply from the water sprinkling holes 28 of the water supply header 29 is unevenly formed in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage 27, the supplied hot water 7 is supplied to the weir plate 33. Since the water level difference is leveled in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage 27 and overflowed from the upper end of the weir plate 33, the distribution passages 26 can be equally distributed in the arrangement direction. The hot water 7 can be equally distributed to the plurality of distribution passages 26 communicated with each other, and can be distributed well to the back of each distribution passage 26, whereby the always wet region 17 in the filler 12. And the wet / dry switching region 18 can perform good water spraying with high uniformity and effectively realize direct cooling of the hot water 7 by the outside air 8, and the arrangement interval of the water spray holes 28 of the water supply header 29. Change the water supply amount It is possible to realize an equal distribution of hot water 7 to always each distribution passage 26 even when the introduction flow to and the water supply header 29 to eliminate the need for such a design troublesome varies such so as to obtain achieving equalization.
[0037]
[0038]
Further, as a modification of the weir plate 33 disposed in the supply passage 27, for example, as schematically shown in FIG. 3 , a weir plate 33 whose upper end is formed substantially horizontally is arranged in the longitudinal direction of each distribution passage 26. A plurality of sheets may be arranged at an appropriate interval so that the upper end of each weir plate 33 overflows repeatedly. In this way, the hot water 7 can be more evenly distributed. Become.
[0039]
Further, in this case, as schematically shown in FIG. 4 , at least on the water supply header 29 side of the weir plate 33 arranged on the most upstream side, the direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the water supply header 29 is provided. An appropriate number of sub-weir plates 34 may be provided in this way, and in this way, a flow of hot water 7 is formed in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage 27 due to uneven water supply by the water supply header 29. Since it becomes difficult, a uniform overflow is stably formed over the entire width of the dam plate 33 without being affected by the flow of the hot water 7, and the hot water 7 can be more evenly distributed. .
[0040]
Further, as schematically shown in FIG. 5, when the water supply from each of the water spray holes 28 of the water supply header 29 is extremely uneven in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage 27, the upper end of the weir plate 33 is placed inside the water supply header 29. It may be formed so as to be inclined so as to form an upward gradient in the flowing direction of the flowing hot water 7.
[0041]
That is, generally, when the flow rate of the hot water 7 introduced into the feed water header 29 is high, the dynamic pressure is relatively greater on the proximal end side than on the distal end side of the closed feed water header 29. Since the static pressure decreases, the amount of water supplied from the water sprinkling holes 28 on the proximal end side of the water supply header 29 decreases, and the amount of water supplied from the water sprinkling holes 28 tends to increase gradually toward the distal end side of the water supply header 29. As described above, if the upper end of the weir plate 33 is inclined so as to form an upward gradient in the flow direction of the hot water 7 flowing in the water supply header 29, the proximal end side of the water supply header 29 with a small amount of water supply As a result, it is possible to adjust so that it is difficult to overflow as it goes toward the front end side of the water supply header 29 having a large amount of water supply. As a result, the hot water 7 overflowing from the upper end of the weir plate 33 is allowed to flow. Evenly distribute in the direction Theft is possible.
[0042]
Further, as schematically shown in FIG. 6 , if necessary, an outflow hole 35 through which the hot water 7 flows out may be opened at an appropriate position of the dam plate 33. By causing a part of the hot water 7 to flow out from the holes 35, the distribution of the hot water 7 can be adjusted more finely.
[0043]
Note that the chilled water tower of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the dam plate can be attached by adjusting the height in the vertical direction, and the dam is adjusted as necessary. By forming a gap between the lower end of the plate and the bottom surface of the supply passage, overflow of hot water from the upper side and outflow from the lower side may be used together. Of course, various changes can be made without departing from the scope.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the above-described cold water tower of the present invention, the following various excellent effects can be obtained.
[0045]
(I) According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention, when hot water is supplied to the partition region and the water storage region, the water supply from each water spray hole of the water supply header is unevenly formed in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage. Even if the hot water is supplied and stopped by the dam plate, it can be equally distributed in the direction in which the distribution passages are arranged by overflowing from the upper end of the dam plate. and the plurality rows distribution passages of the divided areas and the reservoir area there can be Watarura go good deep into the respective distribution passages by equally distributing the hot water, thereby constantly wet region in the filling material, a wet-dry It is possible to effectively achieve direct cooling of warm water by the outside air by performing good water spraying with high uniformity in the switching area , and to change the arrangement interval of the water spraying holes in the water supply header to equalize the water supply amount. I want to get Introduction flow rate of the time-consuming design to unnecessary and then and water supply header can be realized equally distributed hot water to constantly each distribution passage even when the variation.
[0046]
[0047]
( II ) According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present invention, the hot water that has been blocked by the dam plate and leveled in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage is provided with the upper end of the dam plate formed substantially horizontally. It is possible to evenly distribute in the direction in which the distribution passages are arranged by overflowing the entire width.
[0048]
( III ) According to the invention described in claim 3 of the present invention, it is possible to realize a more reliable distribution of warm water by repeatedly overflowing the upper end of each weir plate.
[0049]
( IV ) According to the invention described in claim 4 of the present invention, it is possible to make it difficult to form a flow of hot water toward the longitudinal direction of the supply passage due to uneven water supply by the water supply header. Without being influenced by the flow, a uniform overflow can be stably formed over the entire width of the weir plate, so that a more reliable distribution of hot water can be realized.
[0050]
( V ) According to the invention described in claim 5 of the present invention, when the water supply from each water spray hole of the water supply header is extremely uneven in the longitudinal direction of the supply passage, the base end of the water supply header with a small amount of water supply The hot water that overflows from the top of the weir plate is equally distributed in the direction of the distribution passages. can do.
[0051]
( VI ) According to the invention described in claim 6 of the present invention, the distribution of the hot water can be adjusted more finely by letting part of the hot water flow out from the outflow hole.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an embodiment for carrying out the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the hot water tank of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a first modification of the weir plate in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a second modification of the weir plate in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a third modification of the weir plate in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a fourth modification of the weir plate according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional cold water tower.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another example of a conventional cold water tower.
9 is a plan view of the hot water tank of FIG . 8. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Warm water tank 6 Sprinkling port 7 Warm water 8 Outside air 12 Filler 16 Distribution space 17 Constant wet area 18 Wet / dry switching area 23 Partition plate 24 Partition area 25 Water storage area 26 Distribution path 27 Supply path 28 Water spray hole 29 Water supply header 33 Weir board 34 Secondary dam plate 35 Outflow hole

Claims

A chilled water tower that cools hot water by spraying warm water from a plurality of sprinkling openings opened on the lower surface of the hot water tank to the filler just below the hot water tank, and bringing the outside air into direct contact with the warm water flowing down the surface of the filler, The filling material is divided into a normal wet region and a wet / dry switching region that are separated from each other by an external air circulation space, and alternately disposed, and the wet / dry switching region is sprayed separately from the normal wet region. All the water spouts communicating with the dry switching area are divided into comb teeth by a partition plate that is bent in the warm water tank and opened in each of the compartment area and the water storage area having a bag path-like distribution passage that penetrates deeply alternately. is allowed, the on supply passage extending to the arrangement direction of the respective distribution passages so as to communicate with the distribution passages a plurality of rows of water storage area and compartmentalized divided area by a partition plate, large number and a lower surface extending along said feed path Open the watering hole Feedwater header disposed, said between said each distribution passage and hot water supply positions of the feed water header in the supply passage, the arrangement direction of the respective distribution passages dammed hot water supplied from the water supply header A chilled water tower provided with a weir plate that overflows so that it can be evenly distributed.

The chilled water tower according to claim 1 , wherein an upper end of the weir plate is formed substantially horizontally.

The chilled water tower according to claim 2 , wherein a plurality of weir plates are arranged at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of each distribution passage.

The water supply header side of at the at weir plate disposed on the most upstream side, claim 3, characterized in that the sub-barrier plate of appropriate number of sheets substantially perpendicular orientation with respect to the longitudinal direction of the water supply header is provided A cold water tower according to 1.

The chilled water tower according to claim 1 , wherein an upper end of the dam plate is formed to be inclined so as to form an upward gradient in a flow direction of the hot water flowing in the water supply header.

The cold water tower according to claim 1 , wherein an outflow hole through which hot water flows out is opened at an appropriate position of the dam plate.