JP3977343B2 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a seismic isolation device for isolating and supporting a building, an exhibition case, various devices, a floor, and the like.

Various types of seismic isolation devices and vibration control devices have been developed that absorb the vibration energy and suppress the transmission of vibrations to the upper part when an earthquake occurs. For example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-6490, a device using a seismic isolation mechanism composed of roller bearings has been developed. As shown in FIG. 11, this apparatus constitutes a seismic isolation mechanism A by interposing a roller 61 having a circular cross section between concave arcuate surfaces 51, 52 formed on the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower clamping members 41, 42, A plurality of the seismic isolation mechanisms A are arranged on the same plane so that the rolling directions of the rollers 61 are directed in the same direction, and the rolling direction of the rollers 61 is arranged on the seismic isolation mechanisms A. The base 61 has a structure in which the seismic isolation mechanism A having the same structure is disposed integrally with the roller 61.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-6490

  According to the seismic isolation device configured in this way, a single seismic isolation mechanism A in which a roller 61 having a circular cross section is interposed between concave arcuate surfaces 51 and 52 formed on opposing surfaces of the upper and lower clamping members 41 and 42. The seismic isolation mechanism A is installed in four directions at regular intervals, for example, front and rear, left and right, and a single intermediate plate B is disposed on the four-way seismic isolation mechanism A. Since it has to be assembled by disposing the seismic isolation mechanism A with the roller 61 facing the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the roller 61 of each lower seismic isolation mechanism A on the intermediate plate B, Construction work requires a great deal of labor and time, and all seismic isolation mechanisms A arranged in all directions must be set so that the rollers 61 roll in the same direction. Will be required. In addition, the overall thickness (height) of the apparatus is increased, and not only the appearance is impaired, but there are cases where the usage conditions are restricted, and in addition, the impression that the load C is placed in an unstable state is given. There is a problem.

  Further, the concave arcuate surfaces 51 and 52 are provided entirely on the opposing surfaces of the pressing members 41 and 42, while the roller 61 is in contact with the arcuate surfaces 51 and 52 in the width direction over substantially the entire length thereof. Due to the structure, if the roller 61 has a slight diameter change in the length direction or if there are fine irregularities on the peripheral surface, the roller 61 may rattle and shift in the axial direction. For this reason, there is a problem in that it is necessary to provide a separate guide groove for rolling the roller 61 in the correct direction, which complicates the entire apparatus.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems. The object of the present invention is to have a simple structure and can be easily and accurately constructed. In addition, the height of the entire apparatus can be made as low as possible. To provide seismic isolation equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a roller guide surface is provided on the opposing surface of the upper and lower pressing members, and a roller having a circular cross section can be freely rolled in the same horizontal direction between the upper and lower roller guide surfaces. By interposing it, a base isolation mechanism is formed, and this base isolation mechanism is combined vertically so that the roller rolling direction of the upper base isolation mechanism and the roller rolling direction of the lower base isolation mechanism intersect. In the seismic isolation device, the upper and lower clamping members are each provided with a horizontal girder arranged side by side at a fixed interval, and at both end edges on the long side of both horizontal girder materials of one of the clamping members. A side wall portion having a constant vertical width is provided, and a rail portion interposed between the side wall portions of the one pressing member is formed at the center of both horizontal girders of the other pressing member. The upper and lower roller guide surfaces are placed on both side walls and rails. Both end portions in the longitudinal direction is characterized in that it respectively formed so that the state of overlap when viewed from the side.

  Since the seismic isolation mechanism has a structure in which a roller guide surface is provided on the opposing surface of the upper and lower clamping members and a roller is interposed between these upper and lower roller guide surfaces, a roller is provided between the opposing roller guide surfaces of the upper and lower clamping members. By disposing, the seismic isolation mechanism can be assembled easily and accurately, and all the rollers can be smoothly brought into contact with the upper and lower roller guide surfaces when an earthquake occurs.

Further, the horizontal girder of one pinching member is provided with side walls having a certain vertical width at both end edges on the long side of the elongated rectangular horizontal plate portion, while the horizontal girder of the other pinching member is Rail portions are formed between the side wall portions of the one horizontal plate portion at the central portion of the elongated rectangular horizontal plate portion. Since the roller guide surfaces are formed so that both ends in the length direction overlap each other when viewed from the side, the other horizontal girder is placed in the space between both side walls of one horizontal girder. The seismic isolation device in which the provided rail portion is fitted and the overall height is further reduced and the stability is improved can be configured.

  A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 to 3, A1 is an upper seismic isolation mechanism, which is provided on four opposing surfaces of the upper and lower pressing members 1 and 2 combined in a planar rectangular frame shape. A roller 5 having a circular cross section is interposed between the upper and lower guide surfaces 3 and 4 so as to roll in the same direction. A2 is a lower seismic isolation mechanism, and like the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1, between the upper and lower guide surfaces 3 and 4 provided on the four opposing surfaces of the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 combined in a planar rectangular frame shape. Further, a roller 5 having a circular cross section is interposed so as to be able to roll in a direction orthogonal to the roller rolling direction of the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1. The vertical seismic isolation mechanisms A1 and A2 are overlapped so as to be orthogonal to each other, and the specific structure is the same. Detailed description of the mechanism A2 is omitted.

  In the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 of the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1, the upper clamping member 1 has a long rectangular horizontal girder 1a, 1a made of grooved steel having a certain length and width at a certain interval in front and back. The horizontal girder 1a, 1a is formed in a rectangular frame shape by fixing the horizontal girder members 1a, 1a in the lengthwise direction together by connecting frame members 1b, 1b having a fixed length and width. Side wall portions 1c, 1c made of grooved steel flange portions having a certain vertical width are projected downward at right angles on both side edges on the long side of the girders 1a, 1a and both side wall portions 1c 1c, concave roller guide surfaces 3 and 3 are formed on both side portions in the length direction as shown in FIG.

  The lower pressing member 2 is formed in a shape obtained by inverting the upper pressing member 1 that does not use the connecting frames 1b and 1b. In other words, the lower clamping member 2 is formed by inserting the elongated rectangular horizontal girders 2a and 2a made of channel steel having the same length and width as the horizontal girder 1a of the upper clamping member 1 in the front-rear direction. The horizontal girder members 1a and 1a of the pressure member 1 are arranged side by side at the same interval, and the longitudinal edges of the front and rear horizontal girder members 2a and 2a are made of grooved steel flanges. Side wall portions 2c, 2c having a certain vertical width are provided so as to project upward at a right angle and on both sides in the length direction of both side wall portions 2c, 2c, as shown in FIG. It has a structure in which concave roller guide surfaces 4, 4 are formed facing upwards at the same interval as the front and rear roller guide surfaces 3, 3 of the upper clamping member 1. Of course, in the same manner as the upper pressing member 1, the lower pressing member 2 is also connected to both ends in the length direction of the front and rear horizontal girders 2 a, 2 a by a connecting frame material and is the same size as the upper pressing member 1. Alternatively, they may be formed in the same rectangular frame shape. Note that the side wall portions 1c, 1c and 2c, 2c of the horizontal beam members 1a, 1a and 2a, 2a of the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 extend over the entire length on both side edges on the long side as in the above-mentioned grooved steel. In addition, the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 may be provided only in the length portion.

  A pair of roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 which are vertically opposed to each other by overlapping the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 are arranged in the same direction (left and right direction in the figure). As shown in FIG. 4, the roller 5 interposed between the upper and lower guide surfaces 3 and 4 is provided between the both side walls of the horizontal girder at both ends in the axial direction. By cutting the circumferential grooves 5d and 5d at the same interval, the small-diameter ends 5a and 5a having the same diameter and the same diameter are formed on the same axis, and the upper and lower sides are formed in the circumferential grooves 5d and 5d. The both side walls 1c and 2c of the roller guide surface portions provided on the horizontal beams 1a and 2a of the clamping members 1 and 2 are fitted from above and below, respectively, so that the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 are connected to the small-diameter end portions 5a and 5a. The roller 5 can be rolled in contact with the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 respectively. Forms.

  The roller 5 is formed with the small-diameter end portions 5a and 5a so that the central roller portion 5b and the end portions 5c between the small-diameter end portions 5a and 5a are formed with a large diameter, but the central roller portion 5b is formed with a small diameter. The both ends of the small-diameter end portions 5a and 5a may be formed as large-diameter flange portions. In short, the large-diameter portion is in contact with the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower horizontal girder members 1a and 2a in the upper and lower clamping members 3 and 4. The depth of the circumferential groove 5d is set so as not to occur.

  The shape of the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 is formed in a lateral S-shape in the case shown in FIG. That is, the upper roller guide surface 3 is formed in a concave arc-shaped curved surface 3a that is curved in an arc shape in the center in the length direction, and the extended portions from both ends of the concave arc-shaped curved surface 3a are downward. The concave arc-shaped curved surface 3a and the convex arc-shaped curved surface 3b are smoothly connected by gradually changing the radius of curvature thereof. The lower roller guide surface 4 is formed in a symmetrical shape obtained by inverting the upper roller guide surface 4. That is, the central portion in the length direction is formed in a concave arcuate curved surface 4a curved in an arc shape downward, and the extended portions from both ends of the concave arcuate curved surface 4a are curved in an arc shape upward. A convex arc-shaped curved surface 4b is formed.

  The upper seismic isolation mechanism A1 is configured as described above, and the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2 has the same structure as the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1. Omitted. In FIG. 1, the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2 is fixed to the installation surface with the horizontal girders 1a, 1a and 2a, 2a of the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 arranged on the left and right, respectively. At the same time, the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1 is placed on the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2 and the horizontal beams 1a and 1a of the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 are arranged on both sides, that is, perpendicular to the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2. The seismic isolation device is configured by superimposing it in the state where it has been placed, and a load such as a building, an exhibition case, or various equipment, flooring material, etc. is placed on the upper clamping member 1 of the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1 of this seismic isolation device C is installed to suppress transmission of vibration to the load C when an earthquake occurs.

  In the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 that constitute the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2, the horizontal girder members 1a and 1a that are arranged side by side with a certain interval on the left and right sides of the upper clamping member 1 are connected by a connecting frame material. Although they may be connected, the connecting frame material is not used in the figure. On the other hand, both ends of the horizontal girder members 2a and 2a arranged side by side at the same interval as the horizontal girder members 1a and 1a on the left and right sides of the lower pressing member 2 are connected by connecting frame members 2b and 2b. ing. And the horizontal girder members 2a, 2a of the lower clamping member 2 of the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1 and the horizontal beams 1a, 1a of the upper clamping member 1 of the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2 are crossed back to back. The upper clamping member 1 of the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2 is formed on the lower clamping member 2 formed in a rectangular frame shape of the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2 by being joined together by welding or the like. Are overlapped with the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 facing each other in the vertical direction, and the upper pinch formed in a rectangular frame shape on the lower pinch member 2 of the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1. The seismic isolation device is configured by overlapping the pressure member 1 with the roller 5 interposed between the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 facing each other in the vertical direction.

  The seismic isolation function of this seismic isolation device is described as follows: when the earthquake occurs, the left and right swings and the front and rear swings are isolated by the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1 and the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2, respectively. Since the sway in the direction and the sway in the front-rear direction are isolated with the same action, the action of the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1 will be described below.

  If an earthquake occurs, the rectangular frame-shaped lower pressing member 2 of the seismic isolation mechanism A1 swings left and right, and the lower roller guide surfaces 4 provided on the four sides of the lower pressing member 2 move in the same direction. Then, the roller 5 that has been stationary on the lowest central portion of the concave arcuate curved surface 4a of the roller guide surface 4 rolls on the upward inclined curved surface of the concave arcuate curved surface 4a, and the upper clamping pressure is caused by the rolling. The member 1 is moved relative to the lower pressing member 2 in the opposite direction by the rolling distance of the roller 5. That is, when the roller 5 rolls from the center of the concave arcuate curved surface 4a on the roller guide surface 4 of the lower clamping member 2 to the right convex arcuate curved surface 4b in FIG. The roller C shifts from the center of the concave arcuate curved surface 3a to the left convex arcuate curved surface 3b of the roller guide surface 3 at the stationary position, and the load C protrudes from the center of the concave arcuate curved surfaces 3a and 4a of the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 It is lifted by a height corresponding to the sum of the projecting heights of the arcuate curved surfaces 3b and 4b.

The length of the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 in the roller rolling direction may be set in consideration of the assumed maximum horizontal amplitude (for example, 30 cm) at the time of the earthquake. Further, stoppers 3c and 4c for preventing the separation of the roller 5 are formed at both ends in the length direction of the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 as shown in FIGS. Has been. As the shape of the roller guide surfaces 3, 4 composed of the concave arcuate curved surfaces 3a, 4a and the convex arcuate curved surfaces 3b, 4b, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 62-32300, the applicant of this application What is necessary is just to apply the trajectory of the building mass point which moves by an earthquake, when the seismic isolation device which interposed the eccentric roller which consists of two rollers with the axis | shaft eccentric each other is provided between the ground and the building. In the case of the eccentric roller, the roller rolling distance is limited by the roller diameter and the rotation angle (0 to 180 degrees). However, in the present invention, the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 are curved so as to have a restoring force. There is an advantage that the roller rolling distance can be set to an arbitrary length.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the curved surface shape of the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 has the lowest point of the concave arcuate curved surface, that is, the point O where the roller 5 is in contact when the seismic isolation mechanism is stationary. If the Y axis is taken from the point O in the horizontal direction and the Z axis is taken from the vertical direction, the horizontal length of the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 from the lowest point O is Ym, and the height in the vertical direction is Zm. Is expressed by a cosine curve of the following formula.

上記曲線は、原点ＯにおいてはＹ軸に対する勾配が零で、原点Ｏから離れるに従って勾配が徐々に増加し、凹弧状曲面から凸弧状曲面に連なる点で勾配が最大となった後に徐々に減少して凸弧状曲面の終点Ｐ（Ym,Zm)で勾配が零となる特性を有している。

The above curve has zero gradient at the origin O with respect to the Y axis, gradually increases as it moves away from the origin O, and gradually decreases after the gradient reaches its maximum at the point connecting the concave arc surface to the convex arc surface. Thus, the slope is zero at the end point P (Ym, Zm) of the convex arcuate curved surface.

  As described above, when the roller 5 rolls from the center of the concave arcuate curved surface 4a on the roller guide surface 4 of the lower clamping member 2 to the convex arcuate curved surface 4b on the right side, the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 are As shown in the figure, the central part is formed into the concave arcuate curved surfaces 3a and 4a, and the extended portions of the concave arcuate curved surfaces 3a and 4a are formed into the convex arcuate curved surfaces 3b and 4b from both ends of the concave arcuate curved surfaces 3a and 4a. Therefore, when the roller 5 rolls for X distances from the stationary position, the restoring force F of the load C during that time becomes a non-linear curved line as shown by the dotted line in FIG. The spring constant (restoration characteristics) changes according to the rolling of the roller 5, and the natural vibration number of the seismic isolation mechanism A1 changes according to the change, so that it hardly resonates even with various vibration waves. It has a seismic effect. The shape of the roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 is not limited to the track.

  FIG. 6 shows that in all the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 in the vertical seismic isolation mechanisms A1 and A2, one roller guide surface 3 is formed as a horizontal straight surface 3 ′ and the other roller guide surface 4 is the same as described above. Further, the central portion thereof is formed as a concave arcuate curved surface 4a, and the extended portions of the concave arcuate curved surfaces 3a, 4a are formed on the convex arcuate curved surface 4b from both ends of the concave arcuate curved surface 4a. Even when the roller 5 is rolled by X distance from the stationary position, the restoring force F of the load C during that time is a non-linear, gently curved line as shown by the dotted line in FIG. A constant natural frequency does not occur, and a seismic isolation structure that does not resonate with seismic waves can be constructed.

  In order to prevent the possibility of resonating with the seismic wave in this way, in addition to the above-described upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4, other than a straight surface or a curved surface whose curvature radius continuously changes in the length direction. It may be a roller guide surface composed of a curved surface with a constant radius of curvature, or one roller guide surface is formed as a concave arc-shaped roller guide surface having a constant radius of curvature, and the other roller guide surface is linear or What is necessary is just to form in the concave-arc-shaped roller guide surface which has a curvature radius different from one roller guide surface. Even in such a configuration, when the roller 5 rolls by X distance from the stationary position, the restoring force of the load C during that time becomes non-linear as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG.

  As described above, the rollers 5 in contact with the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 have the same diameter with a circular cross section and the smaller diameter both ends 5a of the same central axis by cutting the circumferential grooves 5d and 5d at both ends in the axial direction as described above. 5a, and both side walls 1c and 2c of the roller guide surface portions provided on the horizontal beams 1a and 2a of the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 in the circumferential grooves 5d and 5d are respectively viewed from above and below. Since the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 are fitted to the upper and lower circumferential end surfaces of the small-diameter end portions 5a and 5a, the roller 5 is supported at both ends by the both side wall portions 1c and 2c of the upper and lower horizontal beams 1a and 2a. It is smoothly held in the correct direction along the both side walls 1c and 2c of the upper and lower horizontal beams 1a and 2a without being wobbled or displaced in the axial direction and without receiving bending stress. In addition, the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 are preliminarily combined in a rectangular frame shape and the parallel horizontal beams Since the roller guide surfaces are formed in the same direction when viewed from both ends, that is, when viewed from a plane, all the roller guide surfaces move simultaneously in the same direction, and the seismic isolation device has high accuracy. Can be configured.

  7 to 9 show the shape of the horizontal girder members 1a and 1a on both sides of the one clamping member 1 in the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 constituting the seismic isolation mechanism, as described above, and are constant at both ends of the long side. The side wall portions 1c and 1c having a vertical width are formed, and the side wall portions 1c and 1c are formed with a roller guide surface 3 at regular intervals in the length direction. The horizontal girders 2a, 2a are not made of the above-described channel steel, but the horizontal girders 1a of one of the pinching members 1 have the same horizontal shape as the horizontal girders 1a. A rail portion 2c ′ interposed between both side wall portions 1c and 1c projecting from the beam member 1a is integrally provided, and the roller guide surfaces 3, 3 formed on one horizontal beam member 1a on the rail portion 2c ′. The roller guide surfaces 4 and 4 that face each other are formed, and a roller 5 'is interposed between the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4.

  If comprised in this way, it will be in the state which the both ends of the length direction of the up-and-down roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 overlapped seeing from the side surface, and thickness (high) of the seismic isolation mechanisms A1 and A2 formed by the up-and-down pressing members 1 and 2 )) Can be further reduced, and the load C can be supported more stably. The rail portion 2c 'is formed in two parallel rail portions, and the roller is formed as a pair of left and right rollers having large-diameter flange portions at both ends integrated by a connecting central shaft. A small-diameter end portion may be interposed between the upper and lower roller guide surfaces 3 and 4 on both sides. In the seismic isolation device shown in FIG. 10, the rollers 5 and 5 facing each other in the axial extension direction are integrally connected by a shaft 5e. If comprised in this way, it can block | interpret each other via the axis | shaft 5e that the roller 5 tries to float up at the time of an earthquake.

  In any of the above seismic isolation devices, when the earthquake stops, the vibration damping means D is provided for the roller to quickly stop at the original stationary position and return the upper and lower pressing members 1 and 2 to the current state. Has been. As shown in FIG. 3, the vibration damping means D is composed of a viscous oil 6 and a resistance member 7, and the viscous oil 6 is arranged in the frame of the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 in the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2. The outer peripheral wall portion is filled in a circular dish-shaped oil container 8 that is integrally fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the frame of the lower pressing member 2, while the resistance member 7 is positioned on the upper side of the upper seismic isolation mechanism A 1. In the center of the frame of the upper and lower clamping members 1 and 2 of the seismic isolation mechanism A1, which is integrally fixed to the center of the lower surface of the support beam member 9 connected between the center portions of both horizontal beams 1a and 1a in the pressure member 1. The lower half is immersed in the viscous oil 6 filled in the oil container 8 through the portion.

  Thus, the oil container 8 is fixed in the frame of the lower clamping member 2 of the lower seismic isolation mechanism A2, and the resistance member 7 is suspended in the center of the upper clamping member 1 of the upper seismic isolation mechanism A1. Therefore, not only can the space in the rectangular frame-shaped pinching members 1 and 2 be used effectively for the arrangement of the vibration damping means D, but the resistance member 7 can be moved back and forth in the oil container 8 in the event of an earthquake. It can be moved horizontally to absorb and attenuate the vibration energy.

The top view of the whole seismic isolation apparatus. The vertical side view in the YY line. The longitudinal front view in the XX line. The enlarged vertical front view of the principal part. Explanatory drawing for calculating | requiring the curve of a roller guide surface with numerical formula. The enlarged vertical front view of the principal part formed in the roller guide surface of another shape. The longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the seismic isolation apparatus which has overlapped the upper and lower clamping members. The enlarged vertical side view of the principal part. The enlarged vertical front view of the principal part. The longitudinal side view of the seismic isolation apparatus which connected between the rollers which oppose an axial center extension direction. The simplified front view of a prior art example. Characteristic diagram.

Explanation of symbols

A1 Upper seismic isolation mechanism
A2 Lower seismic isolation mechanism 1 Upper clamping member 2 Lower clamping member
1a, 2a Horizontal girders
1c, 2c Side wall 3 Upper roller guide surface 4 Lower roller guide surface
3a, 4a Concave arc surface
3b, 4b Convex arc-shaped curved surface 5 Roller
5a Small diameter end

Claims (1)

  By providing a roller guide surface on the opposing surface of the upper and lower clamping members and interposing a roller having a circular cross section between these upper and lower roller guide surfaces so as to be able to roll in the same horizontal direction, this seismic isolation mechanism is formed. In the seismic isolation device in which the roller rolling direction of the upper seismic isolation mechanism and the roller rolling direction of the lower seismic isolation mechanism cross each other vertically, the upper and lower clamping members are respectively constant. A horizontal girder arranged side by side with a gap is provided, and a side wall portion having a constant vertical width is provided at both end edges on the long side of both horizontal girder members of one clamping member, and the other clamping member Rail portions interposed between the side wall portions of the one pressing member are formed at the center of both horizontal girders, and the upper and lower roller guide surfaces are provided on both side walls and rail portions of the upper and lower pressing members. Overlapping both ends in the length direction as seen from the side Seismic isolation apparatus characterized by being respectively formed so as to.

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