JP3969512B2 - Dietary fiber reinforced noodles - Google Patents

Dietary fiber reinforced noodles Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3969512B2
JP3969512B2 JP13581499A JP13581499A JP3969512B2 JP 3969512 B2 JP3969512 B2 JP 3969512B2 JP 13581499 A JP13581499 A JP 13581499A JP 13581499 A JP13581499 A JP 13581499A JP 3969512 B2 JP3969512 B2 JP 3969512B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
noodles
dietary fiber
water
fine cellulose
weight
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JP13581499A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000316507A (en
Inventor
祥三 管野
公一 横山
義仁 柳沼
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Matsutani Chemical Industries Co Ltd
Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
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Matsutani Chemical Industries Co Ltd
Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
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Priority to JP13581499A priority Critical patent/JP3969512B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【従来の技術】
近年、食物繊維はコレステロールの低下、インシュリンの分泌抑制、血糖値の上昇抑制、整腸作用、大腸ガン、心臓病や脳卒中の予防、有害物の排泄など種々の生理作用を有することが明かにされつつあり、生活習慣病の予防、整腸作用、大腸癌等の予防などの点から食物繊維の摂取の必要性が再認識されている。
【0002】
しかるに、通常の食事から摂取される食物繊維の量は、食生活の洋風化や加工食品の普及などによって減少し、食物繊維を強化した食品、それも日常食する食品での食物繊維の強化が望まれている。
【0003】
麺類は好まれる常食の一つであり、既にこれらに食物繊維を添加しようとする試みが色々なされている。
【0004】
例えば、穀粉の中では食物繊維の含有量が大きいとされる大麦の場合には、予め熱処理した大麦粉(大麦を水分20%以下、60〜80℃で20〜40分間加熱)を小麦粉に配合してから製麺する手段(特開昭58−63355号)、食味等が良好な精白歩留り60%以下でNDF(リグニン、ヘミセルロース、セルロースの総量)の含有量が4%以上の大麦粉(対小麦粉5〜50%の割合で使用)の一部または全部を捏水に分散させてから小麦粉を添加して製麺する手段(特開昭59−28445号)等が提案され、熱処理で大麦中の澱粉質の糊化温度を下げることで茹で時間を変更しなくてよい、或は添加方法を考慮することでNDF含量が多い、即ち水溶性の粘質物の多い大麦粉でも製麺できることとしているが、麺類に食物繊維を供給する食品や食物繊維を強化する食品などの栄養表示ができる程度まで添加すると、麺の食感が異質のものになってしまう。
【0005】
周知のように、食物繊維には水溶性の食物繊維(低粘性と高粘性)と水に不溶の食物繊維があり、これらの食物繊維を麺類に添加して食物繊維を強化しようとする試みが数多く提案されている。
【0006】
低粘性の水溶性食物繊維を麺類に使用したものとして、コーンファイバーからアルカリ抽出されたヘミセルロースを主成分とする食物繊維を麺類などを含む各種飲食品に添加する健康食品(特開昭57−36947号)、小麦粉または蕎麦粉に小麦粉を混合した主材料に水溶性食物繊維(ガム類から抽出のガラクトマンナンを酵素処理し,精製,乾燥させたもの等)2〜5重量%と蛋白1〜3重量%とを混合して製造する麺類(特開平02−211837号)、小麦粉或は小麦粉と蕎麦粉を基材とし、基材に対して水溶性食物繊維(ポリデキストロース或はファイバロン)を1〜5重量%添加する麺(特開平04−45762号)、パン類、菓子類、麺類等の食品に冷水可溶性食物繊維(例:難消化性デキストリン、或は難消化性デキストリンと他の水溶性食物繊維の混合物)を含有させる特定保険用食品(特開平04−335872号)等が開示されている。
【0007】
高粘性の水溶性食物繊維を麺類に使用したものとして、蒟蒻芋抽出のグルコマンナンの粉末に微量のグルタミン酸塩、クエン酸塩、及び全量の約1/6相当量の寒天末を加えたグルコマンナンを主成分とする主食添加用食品を、米、パン、麺など主食の原料に添加する手段(特開昭59−198948号)、寒天粉(日本食品食物繊維成分表で食物繊維含量が最大:食品100中80g含有)を穀粉(小麦粉・ライ麦粉・米粉・もち米粉等)に混合する繊維粉を主食のパン類、麺類や菓子類に使用する手段(特開平07−107928号)等が開示されている。
【0008】
不溶性食物繊維を麺類に使用したものとして、玉蜀黍、小麦ふすまや豆類等の外皮から得られる食物繊維を経口投与以外に麺類、スープ、畜肉製品等に添加する腎疾患改善用食品(特開平02−101016号)、小麦粉に対して、全脂脱脂大豆粉を原料とする全粒豆腐を1〜60重量%添加する麺の製造法(特開平05−91847号)、白粕(小麦澱粉を分離回収した後の乳濁液中の水不溶性繊維質)を添加する麺類とその製造法(特開平05−91847号)等が開示されている。
【0009】
しかし、麺類の場合、一般的には熱湯中で茹でて可食状態にするので、低粘性の水溶性食物繊維を麺生地に添加すると、茹での工程で熱湯中に溶出して歩留りが悪くなって食物繊維を強化する効果が弱くなり、この歩留低下を加味して添加量を多くするとグルテンの形成を阻害して製麺性の悪化や腰の弱い麺になる問題がみられた。また、即席麺のように茹でる工程はなくても、蒸した後熱風又はフライして乾燥されると低粘性水溶性食物繊維が水分と共に表面に移動し、表面に”ぬめり”を生じてまずい食感になる問題もあった。
【0010】
これに対して、茹で時の溶出を少なくするなどの目的で高粘性の水溶性食物繊維を麺類に添加すると、高粘性であるがために添加量が多くなると極端に製麺性が悪くなり、製麺上に問題がない程度に添加量を抑えると食物繊維を強化した麺といえるものでなくなるという問題が見られた。
【0011】
一方、不溶性食物繊維を麺類に添加すると、製麺時に生地の伸展が悪くなって麺線が切れや易くなり、得られた麺類が弾力に欠けてボソボソした硬い食感のものになるなどの問題が見られた。
【0012】
一方、特開平10−243777号では、低粘性の水溶性食物繊維(例:難消化性デキストリン等)7〜50重量部とヒドロキシプロピル基の平均置換度が0.02〜0.2の澱粉類50〜93重量%からなる食物繊維強化組成物及びそれを用いる食物繊維を強化しためん類、ベーカリー食品、スナツクなどの強化食品が提案されていて、特定の澱粉類を併用することで麺類に水溶性食物繊維のみを添加した時の弊害をかなり緩和することを可能にしたが、必ずしも十分なものでなかった。
【0013】
上記のもの以外に、穀物粉(例:強力小麦粉や蕎麦粉等)と活性小麦たん白との混合物に対して水溶性食物繊維(例:ポリデキストロース)及び不溶性食物繊維(例:αセルロース)を10〜70%混合して得られる穀粒混合物にビタミン類やミネラルなどの栄養成分を添加する麺類の製造法(特開平01−196272号)が提案され、食物繊維の添加(不溶性と水溶性の比率についての記載なし)で通常の麺より50〜4%のカロリー低下やビタミンやミネラルなどの栄養成分の摂取を可能にし、活性たん白の添加で製麺性も有る程度改善される旨記載されているが、不溶性食物繊維添加による弾力がなく、ぼそぼそした食感や水溶性食物繊維添加による腰のない食感や”ぬめり”等が相殺されるのでなく、程度の差はみられるものの両方の欠点が混在するものであった。
【0014】
このように、上記のような方法を用いて、食物繊維を強化した麺類を得ようとしても製麺性や得られた麺類の食感上に問題がみられ、その改善が強く望まれている。
【0015】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、必要な食物繊維を強化し、製麺上の問題が何らなく、食物繊維を強化しない通常の麺類と食感的に勝るとも劣らない麺類の提供にある。
【0016】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は上記の問題を解決すべく鋭意努力の結果、麺類の製造に際し、微細セルロースと難消化性デキストリンとを含有する複合体を主原料の1つとして用い、主原料を予め粉体混合した後、加水して生地を形成し、製麺することにより、食物繊維強化麺類が得られることを見いだし本発明を完成した。
【0017】
本発明でいう麺類とは、穀粉類及び/又は澱粉類を主原料として製造され、形態や種類を問わず一般的に麺類と称される食品を総称する。具体的には種類としてはうどん、そば、中華そば、冷麦、素麺、中華麺、焼きそば、マカロニ、スパゲッテイ、韓国冷麺、くずきり、春雨、ビーフン、餃子の皮、焼売の皮、ワンタン等であり、形態としては生麺、乾麺、茹麺、蒸麺、冷凍麺、ロングライフ麺、即席麺等が例示される。
【0018】
本発明でいう食物繊維強化麺類とは、上記の麺類に微細セルロース含有複合体を主体とする食物繊維を含有させて食物繊維を強化した麺類である。栄養標準基準によると麺類100g中、食物繊維を3g以上含有する場合には麺類に源、供給源、食物繊維を6g以上含有する場合には、多、豊富、強化、増などの表示ができる。本発明の食物繊維強化麺類は、これらの表示が可能なものである。
【0019】
本発明に用いる主原料とは、一般に麺類の製造に使用されている穀粉類及び/または澱粉類等の原材料と微細セルロース含有複合体や他の食物繊維の総和を意味する。穀粉類としては小麦粉、米粉、蕎麦粉などの穀粉、澱粉類としては馬鈴薯澱粉、甘藷澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、コーンスターチ、ワキシーコーンスターチ、米澱粉、緑豆澱粉等の未処理澱粉及び未処理澱粉をエーテル化、エステル化、酸化、漂白、架橋、アルファー化等の処理を単独またはそれらを組み合わせて製造される加工澱粉が例示される。
【0020】
本発明に於て、微細セルロース含有複合体とは本質的に微細セルロースと難消化性デキストリンからなる複合体で、水の存在下で弱く攪拌した場合には微細セルロースと難消化性デキストリンの複合体の構造を維持するが、強く水中で攪拌すると個々の微細セルロースの状態に分散する特性を有し、該複合体を水中で1%濃度で攪拌して分散させた時の微細セルロースの平均粒径は30μm以下である。尚、その際の1%水溶液は試料3gと蒸留水で全量を300gとし、エースホモジナイザー(日本精機製AM−T)にて15000rpmで15分間分散して調製され、平均粒径は堀場製作所製レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(LA−910)を用いて測定されるものである。また弱い攪拌とは、上記の分散条件が5000rpm、5分間であることを意味する。
【0021】
かかる複合体は、微細セルロース20〜99重量%と難消化性デキストリン1〜80重量%を水分のある状態、つまり、スラリー状、ペースト状、ゲル状、ケーキ状で混合して得られる。乾燥前の混合物の水分含量は、混合物重量の約30重量%以上、好ましくは約35重量%以上とする。微細セルロースが99重量を超えると水に不溶の食物繊維を麺類に使用した場合と同様の前述の欠点が見られるし、難消化性デキストリンが80重量%を超えると同様に水溶性食物繊維を使用した場合の問題点を生じる。
【0022】
本発明に於ける微細セルロース含有複合体としては、微細セルロース、難消化性デキストリン以外に他の食品材料、例えばオリゴ糖類、糖アルコール、澱粉分解物、加工澱粉を含む澱粉類、油脂類、蛋白質類、食塩、各種リン酸塩等の塩類、乳化剤、増粘安定剤、色素等を所望に応じて配合することができる。これらの食品材料は複合体製造時に添加することもできるし、複合体製造後に添加することもできる。
【0023】
本発明で使用する微細セルロース含有複合体としては、このような複合体の中でも微細セルロース40〜70重量%、難消化性デキストリン30〜60重量%、増粘安定剤0〜3重量%からなる複合体がより効果的でより好ましい。増粘安定剤は必ずしも必要としないが、3重量%以下程度の量を混在させることにより、例えばロングライフうどんでは長期保存中における腰の低下を防止できるなど食感の保持効果があって好ましい。増粘安定剤としては、アルギン酸、カプロビーンガム、グアーガム、タマリンドシードガム、キサンタンガム、カラギーナン、ジェランガム、カルボキシメチルセルロース・ナトリウム等通常食品に利用される増粘安定剤を用いることができる。
【0024】
微細セルロース含有複合体の製造に用いられる難消化性デキストリンは、澱粉を加熱、酵素処理して得られるもので、食物繊維の平均分子量が500から3000程度、グルコース残基がα−1,4、α−1,6、β−1,2、β−1,3、β−1,6−グルコシド結合し、還元末端の一部はレボグルコサン(1,6−アンヒドログルコース)である、分岐構造の発達したデキストリンである。市販品としては「パインファイバー」や「ファイバーソル2」(商品名:松谷化学工業(株))などが使用できる。
【0025】
本発明で使用する微細セルロース含有複合体をより明確にする為にその製法について下記に記載する。
【0026】
木材パルプ、精製リンター、再生セルロース、穀物又は果実由来の植物繊維等のセルロース系素材を酸加水分解、アルカリ酸化分解、酵素分解、スチームエクスプロージョン分解、亜臨界水あるいは超臨界水による加水分解等、あるいはそれらの組み合わせにより解重合処理して平均重合度30〜375とし、次いで、機械的なシア(剪断力)をかけて磨砕後、難消化性デキストリンを添加して混合後、乾燥することによって得ることができる。解重合処理したセルロースに難消化性デキストリンを添加後、機械的なシアをかけて磨砕と混合を同時に行った後、乾燥してもかまわない。また、複合体は、セルロース系素材に化学的処理を施さずに、あるいは弱い化学的な処理を施した後、機械的なシアをかけ湿式磨砕、あるいは粉砕することによって得ることができる木材パルプやバクテリアセルロース等を原料とした微小繊維状セルロース、あるいは粉末セルロースを難消化性デキストリンと共に水分の存在下で混合および/もしくは磨砕した後、乾燥して得られるものであっても良い。尚、増粘安定剤は必要に応じて添加し、通常、難消化性デキストリンと一緒に添加する。
【0027】
湿式磨砕機械は、系に存在する水分量、セルロースの微細化の程度により自由に選択される。例えば、平均粒径が8μm以下の微細セルロースを得るような充分な機械的シアをかける場合は、媒体撹拌ミル類、例えば、湿式振動ミル、湿式遊星振動ミル、湿式ボールミル、湿式ロールミル、湿式コボールミル、湿式ビーズミル、湿式ペイントシェーカー等の他、高圧ホモジナイザー等の機器が使用される。高圧ホモジナイザーとしては、約500kg/cm2以上の高圧で、スラリーを微細オリフィスに導き高流速で対面衝突させるタイプが効果的である。これらのミルを使用した場合の最適磨砕濃度は機種により異なるが、概ね3〜25重量%程度の固形分濃度が適している。
【0028】
また、平均粒径が5〜30μmの微細セルロースを得るような機械的シアをかける場合においては、おおむね固形分濃度が3〜30重量%程度であるスラリー様の系ではコロイドミル、連続式ボールミル、ホモジナイザー、ホモミキサー、プロペラ攪拌機などの磨砕機や混合機が使用できる。それより固形分濃度が高い、おおむね20〜60重量%程度であるケーク状のものを磨砕するには、ニーダー、ライカイ機、押出機などが使用できる。また、微小繊維状セルロースは、セルロース系素材懸濁液を高圧ホモジナイザーで50kg/cm2以上の圧力で数回パスして、繊維径を約0.01〜1μmにまで離解することで得られる。あるいは、セルロース系素材懸濁液を媒体撹拌ミル類で数回処理することにより得られる。本発明の目的のためにはこれらの機種を単独で用いることもできるが、二種以上の機種を組み合わせて用いることも出来る。
【0029】
微細セルロースと難消化性デキストリン、及び必要に応じ添加される増粘安定剤の混合物の乾燥は公知の方法を使用すればよいが、実際的には、乾燥される対象物の水分量、状態によって最適な方法を選ぶべきである。例えばスラリー状であれば、噴霧乾燥法、ドラム乾燥法、アルコール沈澱法等が使用できる。また、泥状物、餅様物には、棚段式乾燥法、ベルト乾燥法、流動床乾燥法、凍結乾燥法、マイクロウエーブ乾燥等が挙げられる。乾燥コスト低減の点からは、アルコール沈澱法、プレス法、固形分含量の高い状態で乾燥できる棚段乾燥法、流動床乾燥法が好ましい。乾燥後の水分量の上限は、取り扱い性、経時安定性を考慮すれば、15重量%以下が好ましい。特に好ましくは10重量%以下である。さらに好ましくは6重量%以下である。
【0030】
なお、ドラム乾燥法、棚段式乾燥法、ベルト乾燥法などにより得られた乾燥物は、薄片状、塊状で得られるので、衝撃式粉砕機、ジェットミル粉砕機など適切な方法で粉砕し、目開き425μmの篩をほぼ全通する程度に粉末化することが好ましい。
【0031】
本発明は製造時の作業性に何ら支障を来さず、得られた麺類が品質上、従来の麺類に劣らない食物繊維を強化した麺類を提供することであり、これは上述の微細セルロース含有複合体を主原料の一部として、主原料を予め粉体で混合した後、加水して生地を作り、製麺することにより達せられる。その際、主原料中に占める微細セルロース含有複合体の割合は、好ましくは30重量%以下、より好ましくは3〜30重量%とする。
【0032】
微細セルロース含有複合体が主原料の30重量%を超えると、麺帯が切れ易くなり、麺としての食感も硬さがでて弾力がなくなってくる傾向にある。一方、下限値に関しては、麺類の品質上からでは何ら限定する必要がなく、希望する食物繊維の割合で決められるが、食物繊維の表示が強調できるという点から3重量%以上とするのが望ましい。
【0033】
本発明では主原料中に含有させる食物繊維が微細セルロース含有複合体であることを本発明の基本とするが、要すれば微細セルロース含有複合体以外に他の食物繊維を使用してもよい。その際、他の食物繊維の使用量は、製麺時に使用する場所、麺類の種類や麺類に含有させたいトータルの食物繊維の量、他の食物繊維が水溶性食物繊維、或は不溶性食物繊維であるかなど因子が多すぎて一様に論じることは困難であるが、要は麺類の品質に悪影響を及ぼさない程度にとどめるべきである。
【0034】
微細セルロース含有複合体は、水の存在下で弱く攪拌した場合は再分散せず、一方水中で強く攪拌した場合は個々の微細セルロースに分散することを特徴としているが、本発明に於いてはその様な状態にして用いた場合、例えば加水する水に予め分散させて主原料に添加すると、複合体たるところの特徴が失われることによると思われるが、微細セルロースと難消化性デキストリンを個別に用いた場合と同様の問題点を生じる。本発明に於いては小麦粉、蕎麦粉、澱粉類等、従来からの麺類の主原料と一緒に該複合体を予め粉体で均一になるように混合した後、加水し、混練して生地を形成せしめることが重要であり、そうすることによって従来の問題点を解消することができ、品質的にも従来品に勝るとも劣らないものが得られる。
【0035】
本発明の麺類は、上述の点を除けば麺類の種類、形態に従ってそれぞれ従来の製造法に従って製造することができる。また、麺類の種類により使用する主原料も、例えば、うどん、中華麺、餃子の皮等に小麦粉、和そばに蕎麦粉、小麦粉、ビーフンに米粉、春雨に澱粉というように使い分けられるが、本発明に於いても同様にその種類により使い分ける。麺の種類、形態によっては、これらの他に加工澱粉を含む澱粉類が食感改良、食感の劣化抑制、調理性の改善等の目的で使用されていて、本発明でも同様に使用できるし、使用する際には主原料として扱う。
【0036】
麺類の製造に際しては、副原料として食塩やかんすいが必須的に使用されるが、これらの他にリン酸塩、アルギン酸、カプロビーンガム、グアーガム、タマリンドシードガム、ベクチン、キサンタンガム、カラギーナン、カードラン等の増粘安定剤、乳化剤、油脂、卵白、乳蛋白、小麦蛋白等や他の生理活性を有する成分、例えばビタミン剤、カルシウムや鉄等をを所望に応じて用いることもできる。
【0037】
以下に本発明の麺類をより具体的に説明するために麺類としてうどんを取り上げて、その製造法の一端を示す。
【0038】
小麦粉70〜97重量部、微細セルロース含有複合体30〜3重量部からなる主原料に、食塩1〜3部を溶解した練り水32〜45重量部を添加し、混練して麺生地とし、製麺ロールで延ばし、切刃を用いて生うどんを製造する。生うどんはそのまま熱湯で加熱して食することができる。その際、小麦粉の一部を馬鈴薯澱粉やタピオカ澱粉等の原料澱粉や加工澱粉等の澱粉類と置き換えると可食状態にするまでの時間が短縮できる。
【0039】
茹でうどんの場合には、生うどんを水分60〜70重量%程度まで茹であげ、水切りし、チルドや冷凍で保存する。茹でうどんの一つであるロングライフうどんの場合には茹であげ、水切り後のうどんを浸漬用pH調製剤に浸漬してpHを4程度にし、水を切り植物油等をまぶし、合成樹脂フィルムなどで包装後殺菌し、常温で保存する。冷凍麺やロングライフのように長期保存を目的とする場合には小麦粉の一部を加工澱粉で置き換えることがより好ましい。
【0040】
うどん以外の麺類には、使用する穀粉の種類や練り水等などの条件を変えることによって容易に製造することができる。例えば小麦粉の代わりに小麦粉:蕎麦粉=70〜30:20〜80程度の重量比の穀粉を使用すると和そばになり、食塩以外にかん水を添加した練り水を使用すると中華麺になる。
【0041】
このように本発明を利用することによって、食物繊維を添加しない麺類と同じように容易に製麺できる食物繊維を強化した麺類の製造を可能にし、得られた麺類は食物繊維を添加しない麺類に勝るとも劣らぬ食感のものとなる。
【0042】
【実施例】
次に参考例、実施例を挙げ本発明を更に詳細に説明する。尚、参考例及び実施例で部及び%とあるのは、重量部及び重量%を表す。
【0043】
【参考例1】
市販DPパルプを裁断後、7%塩酸中で105℃で20分間加水分解して得られた酸不溶性残渣を、ろ過、洗浄し、加水分解セルロースのウェットケーク(固形分含量41%)を得た。そして、この加水分解セルロースのウェットケーク、「ファイバーソル2」(松谷化学工業(株)の難消化性デキストリン)及び「ケルコゲルLT−100」(商品名:三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ(株)のジェランガム)を固形分重量比で表1の配合組成となるようにし、必要に応じて加水し、ニーダーを用いて3時間混練した。次に60℃の熱風乾燥機で乾燥した後、粉砕して、試料Aの微細セルロース粒子と試料B〜試料Hの微細セルロース含有複合体を得た。尚、1%水溶液で測定した時の平均粒径は、試料Aで41.7μm、試料Bで11.2μm、それら以外の試料は6〜8μmの範囲にあった。
【0044】
【表1】

Figure 0003969512
【0045】
【参考例2】
参考例1で得られた試料Aの微細セルロース粒子と「ファイバーソル2」を固形分重量比率が55:45の割合になるように粉末で混合して得られた試料を試料Iとする。
【0046】
【実施例1】
中力粉と「松谷さくら」(商品名:松谷化学工業(株)の食品用加工澱粉)を主原料ととする場合を対照例とし、中力粉、「松谷さくら」及び食物繊維補強品を主原料とする場合を比較例、及び実施例として冷凍うどんを製造した。食物繊維補強品としては、参考例1の試料Aの微細セルロース粒子と試料B〜試料Gの食物繊維含有複合体、参考例2の試料Iの微細セルロース粒子と難消化性デキストリンの混合品を使用した。
【0047】
表2の割合からなる主原料100部と食塩1.5部を表2の割合で溶解した練り水を添加して混合し、製麺ロールで延ばし、角型の回転切刃(No.10)を用いて生うどんを製造した。生うどんの製造時に於ける製麺適正については表2に記載した。
【0048】
熱湯に上記のうどんを投入し、茹で上がり水分が約65%になるように茹で上げ、直ちに水洗いし、水切り後、型容器に入れ、150gずつ計量し、−50℃の雰囲気中で急速凍結して冷凍うどんとした。凍結後の冷凍うどんを合成樹脂フィルムで包装し−20℃で1月間保存した後、熱湯で2分間調理して可食状態に戻し、食感を腰と滑らかさで評価し、その結果を表2に記載した。
【0049】
尚、製麺適性や食感の評価は次の基準で行った。
<製麺適性>
◎:極めて良好、○:良好、△:やや悪い、×:製麺が困難
<腰>
◎:歯ごたえや弾力に優れ、それらのバランスが非常に良好
○:歯ごたえや弾力があって、それらのバランスが良好
△:歯ごたえ及び/又は弾力がやや不足
×:歯ごたえ及び/又は弾力が不足
<滑らかさ>
◎:非常に滑らかで喉ごしが極めて良好
○:滑らかで喉ごしが良好
△:やや滑らかさに欠け、喉ごしがやや悪い
×:滑らかさに欠け、喉ごしが悪い
【0050】
【表2】
Figure 0003969512
【0051】
【実施例2】
中力粉65部、「松谷さくら」25部に微細セルロース含有複合体として試料Dと試料Hがそれぞれ10部からなる主原料を用いて実施例1に準じて生うどんを製造した。対照例には中力粉75部と「松谷さくら」25部を主原料として同じように生うどんを製造した。
【0052】
茹でかま用pH調製剤(奥野製薬製、商品名:メイキングG)を0.1%添加した熱湯に上記の生うどんを投入し、茹で上がり水分が約60%前後になるように茹で上げ、直ちに水洗いし、水切り後、浸漬用pH調製剤(奥野製薬製、商品名:プロトン309)を0.4%添加した液に浸漬してpHを4とした。その後水を切り植物油をまぶした後、200gずつ合成樹脂フィルムで包装した。この包装した茹で麺をさらに90〜100℃40分間加熱殺菌後冷却してロングライフうどんとし、常温で3月間保存した。
【0053】
これらのロングライフうどんを熱湯で可食状態にもどし、実施例1に準じて評価した食感を表3に示す。
【0054】
【表3】
Figure 0003969512
【0055】
【実施例3】
中力粉、タピオカ澱粉、試料Dの微細セルロース含有複合体を夫々75部、15部、10部、或は夫々65部、15部、20部よりなる2種類の主原料を使用し、実施例1に準じて生うどんを製造した。対照例には中力粉85部とタピオカ澱粉15部を主原料として同じようにして生うどんを製造した。
【0056】
得られた生うどんを茹で上がり水分が約65%になるように茹で上げ、直ちに水洗いし、水切りし、冷蔵庫に入れてチルドうどんとして保存した。
【0057】
冷蔵2日後に熱湯で可食状態に戻して食したところ、何れも良好な食感を有していた。また、微細セルロース含有複合体を添加したチルドうどん中の食物繊維含量をみたところ、主原料中100部中微細セルロース含有複合体を10部、及び20部添加したチルドうどんでは、それぞれ3.5%、6.3%であった。
【0058】
尚、食物繊維の定量法は、栄養表示基準(平成8年5月24日より施行)の栄養成分等の分析法の食物繊維の定量法の内で、プロスキー法による総食物繊維の定量では分析困難とされる低分子水溶性食物に適用できる高速液体クロマトグラフ法に準じて定量した。
【0059】
【実施例4】
強力粉60部、蕎麦粉30部、試料Dの微細セルロース含有複合体10gの主原料に対して、水32部に食塩1.5部、カンスイ1.0gを溶解した練り水を添加し、製麺ロールで延ばし、角型の回転切刃(No.20)を用いて生蕎麦を製造した。対照例では強力粉60部、蕎麦粉70部を主原料として同じようにして生蕎麦を製造した。
【0060】
得られた生蕎麦を熱湯で可食状態にもどして、食感をみたところ何れも良好な食感を示し、殆ど差はみられなかった。
【0061】
【実施例5】
準強力粉85部、馬鈴薯澱粉10部、試料Dの微細セルロース含有複合体5部の主原料に対して、水32部に食塩1.5g.かんすい0.2gの割合で溶解した練り水を添加して混合し、製麺ロールで延ばし、角型の回転切刃(No.20)を用いて生ラーメンを製造した。得られた生ラーメンを蒸煮しフライしてインスタントラーメンとした。対照例では、準強力粉90部、馬鈴薯澱粉10部を主原料と、同じようにしてインスタントラーメンを製造した。
【0062】
得られたインスタントラーメンを熱湯で可食状態にもどして、食感をみたところ、良好で何れもに殆ど差はみられなかった。
【0063】
【実施例6】
強力小麦粉80部、タピオカ澱粉10部、試料Dの微細セルロース含有複合体10部を主原料として用い、食塩水1部を水33部に溶解した液を添加して混練し、製麺ロールを用いて厚さ0.90mmとし、打ち抜いて餃子(皮)とし、キャベツ、豚肉などからなる中身20gを詰めて生餃子を製造した。得られた生餃子をトンネル式蒸煮装置で2分蒸して蒸し餃子とし、冷却後冷凍した。冷凍1月後にフライパンに入れ、焼き色をつけ、湯を入れ蒸し焼きにした焼き餃子を食したところ、食感も良好で美味しかった。[0001]
[Prior art]
In recent years, it has been revealed that dietary fiber has various physiological functions such as cholesterol reduction, insulin secretion suppression, blood sugar level increase suppression, bowel regulation, colon cancer, prevention of heart disease and stroke, and elimination of harmful substances. However, the necessity of intake of dietary fiber has been recognized again in terms of prevention of lifestyle-related diseases, intestinal regulation, prevention of colorectal cancer and the like.
[0002]
However, the amount of dietary fiber ingested from a normal diet decreases due to the westernization of eating habits and the spread of processed foods. It is desired.
[0003]
Noodles are one of the preferred regular foods, and various attempts have already been made to add dietary fiber to them.
[0004]
For example, in the case of barley, which has a high dietary fiber content in flour, blended with wheat flour that has been heat-treated in advance (barley is water 20% or less, heated at 60-80 ° C. for 20-40 minutes) Means for making noodles (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-63355), barley flour having a fine whitening yield of 60% or less with a good taste and a NDF content (total amount of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose) of 4% or more (vs. A method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-28445), in which part or all of wheat flour is used in a ratio of 5 to 50% and dispersed in brine and then added with flour, is proposed. By reducing the gelatinization temperature of the starchy material, it is not necessary to change the cooking time, or considering the addition method, it is supposed that noodles can be made even with barley flour with a high NDF content, that is, with a lot of water-soluble mucilage Provides noodles with dietary fiber When the nutrition labeling of food to enhance food and dietary fiber which is added to the extent possible, the texture of the noodles becomes a thing of the heterogeneous.
[0005]
As is well known, dietary fiber includes water-soluble dietary fiber (low viscosity and high viscosity) and water-insoluble dietary fiber, and attempts to strengthen dietary fiber by adding these dietary fiber to noodles Many proposals have been made.
[0006]
Health food in which low-viscosity water-soluble dietary fiber is used for noodles, and dietary fiber mainly composed of hemicellulose extracted from corn fiber is added to various foods and drinks including noodles (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-36947) No.), the main ingredient of wheat flour or buckwheat flour mixed with water-soluble dietary fiber (enzyme-treated galactomannan extracted from gums, purified, dried, etc.) 2-5 wt% and proteins 1-3 Noodles manufactured by mixing with wt% (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-211837), based on wheat flour or wheat flour and buckwheat flour, water-soluble dietary fiber (polydextrose or fiberlon) 1 Cold water soluble dietary fiber (eg, indigestible dextrin or indigestible dextris) in foods such as noodles (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-45762), breads, confectionery, noodles, etc. to be added by 5% by weight Other water-soluble dietary fiber specific policy food which contains a mixture) of (Hei No. 04-335872) and the like have been disclosed as.
[0007]
Glucomannan, which uses a high-viscosity water-soluble dietary fiber for noodles, adds a trace amount of glutamate, citrate, and agar powder equivalent to about 1/6 of the total amount to powder of glucomannan extracted from persimmon Means for adding a staple food containing a main ingredient as a main ingredient to rice, bread, noodles and other staple food ingredients (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-198948), agar powder (maximum dietary fiber content in Japanese dietary fiber component table: Disclosed is a means of using fiber powder (containing 80 g of food 100) in flour (wheat flour, rye flour, rice flour, glutinous rice flour, etc.) for bread, noodles and confectionery as a staple food (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-107928). Has been.
[0008]
As an insoluble dietary fiber used for noodles, dietary fiber obtained from the outer skin of onion, wheat bran and beans is added to noodles, soup, meat products, etc. in addition to oral administration (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02- No. 101016), a method for producing noodles containing 1 to 60% by weight of whole-grain tofu made from full-fat defatted soybean flour as a raw material (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-91847), white rice (separated wheat starch) Noodles to which water-insoluble fiber in the emulsion after the addition is added, and a method for producing the same (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-91847) are disclosed.
[0009]
However, in the case of noodles, it is generally boiled in hot water to make it edible, so if low-viscosity water-soluble dietary fiber is added to the noodle dough, it will elute in hot water during the boiling process and the yield will deteriorate. As a result, the effect of strengthening dietary fiber was weakened, and when the added amount was increased in consideration of this decrease in yield, there was a problem that the formation of gluten was hindered, resulting in a deterioration in noodle-making property and a weak noodle. Even if there is no boiled process like instant noodles, when steamed and dried with hot air or fried, the low-viscosity water-soluble dietary fiber moves to the surface together with moisture, causing "slimming" on the surface and causing poor eating There was also a problem that felt.
[0010]
On the other hand, when adding high-viscosity water-soluble dietary fiber to noodles for the purpose of reducing elution during boiling, the noodle-making property becomes extremely worse when the amount of addition increases because it is highly viscous, There was a problem that if the amount of addition was reduced to such an extent that there was no problem on the noodle making, it could not be said to be a noodle reinforced with dietary fiber.
[0011]
On the other hand, when insoluble dietary fiber is added to noodles, the extension of the dough becomes worse when making noodles, the noodle strings are easily cut, and the resulting noodles have a hard texture that lacks elasticity and is soft It was observed.
[0012]
On the other hand, in JP-A-10-243777, starches having an average substitution degree of 0.02 to 0.2 and 7 to 50 parts by weight of low-viscosity water-soluble dietary fiber (eg, indigestible dextrin) A dietary fiber reinforced composition comprising 50 to 93% by weight and a reinforced food such as tempered foods, bakery foods, and snacks that have been reinforced with dietary fiber using the same have been proposed, and water-soluble in noodles by using specific starches in combination Although it was possible to considerably alleviate the harmful effects of adding only dietary fiber, it was not always sufficient.
[0013]
In addition to the above, water-soluble dietary fiber (eg, polydextrose) and insoluble dietary fiber (eg, α-cellulose) are added to a mixture of cereal flour (eg, strong wheat flour or oat flour) and active wheat protein. A method for producing noodles (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-196272) in which nutrient components such as vitamins and minerals are added to a grain mixture obtained by mixing 10 to 70% is proposed, and addition of dietary fiber (insoluble and water-soluble) No description about the ratio), it is possible to reduce the calorie by 50 to 4% compared to normal noodles and to ingest nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, and the addition of active protein improves the level of noodle-making. However, there is no resilience due to the addition of insoluble dietary fiber, and the uneven texture and the slimy texture due to the addition of water-soluble dietary fiber are not offset. Were those disadvantages of a mix.
[0014]
Thus, even when trying to obtain noodles reinforced with dietary fiber using the method as described above, there are problems in the noodle-making properties and the texture of the obtained noodles, and the improvement is strongly desired .
[0015]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide noodles that strengthen the necessary dietary fiber, have no problems in noodle making, and are not inferior in texture to ordinary noodles that do not strengthen dietary fiber.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent efforts to solve the above problems, the present inventors have made fine cellulose and With indigestible dextrin It was found that dietary fiber reinforced noodles can be obtained by using the complex containing as one of the main ingredients, mixing the main ingredients in advance with powder, adding water to form a dough, and making noodles. completed.
[0017]
The noodles referred to in the present invention is a generic term for foods that are produced using cereal flours and / or starches as main raw materials and generally called noodles regardless of form or type. Specifically, the types are udon, buckwheat, Chinese noodles, cold wheat, raw noodles, Chinese noodles, fried noodles, macaroni, spaghetti, Korean cold noodles, kuzukiri, vermicelli, rice noodles, gyoza skin, grilled skin, wonton, etc. Examples of the form include raw noodles, dry noodles, salmon noodles, steamed noodles, frozen noodles, long life noodles, and instant noodles.
[0018]
The dietary fiber reinforced noodles referred to in the present invention are noodles obtained by strengthening dietary fibers by adding dietary fibers mainly composed of a fine cellulose-containing composite to the noodles described above. According to the nutritional standard, when 3 g or more of dietary fiber is contained in 100 g of noodles, the source, source, and 6 g or more of dietary fiber can be displayed as many, abundant, fortified and increased. These indications are possible for the dietary fiber reinforced noodles of the present invention.
[0019]
The main raw material used for this invention means the sum total of raw materials, such as flours and / or starches generally used for manufacture of noodles, a fine cellulose containing complex, and other dietary fiber. As flour, wheat flour, rice flour, buckwheat flour and other starches, potato starch, sweet potato starch, tapioca starch, corn starch, waxy corn starch, rice starch, mung bean starch and other untreated starch and untreated starch are etherified, Examples thereof include modified starches produced by esterification, oxidation, bleaching, crosslinking, pregelatinization and the like alone or in combination.
[0020]
In the present invention, the fine cellulose-containing complex is essentially a complex composed of fine cellulose and indigestible dextrin, and is a complex of fine cellulose and indigestible dextrin when stirred weakly in the presence of water. The average particle size of the fine cellulose when the composite is stirred and dispersed in water at a concentration of 1% when it is vigorously stirred in water. Is 30 μm or less. The 1% aqueous solution at that time was prepared by dispersing 3 g of the sample and 300 g of distilled water to a total amount of 300 g and dispersing it at 15000 rpm for 15 minutes with an ace homogenizer (AM-T, manufactured by Nippon Seiki Co., Ltd.). It is measured using a diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (LA-910). Moreover, weak stirring means that said dispersion conditions are 5000 rpm and 5 minutes.
[0021]
Such a composite is obtained by mixing 20 to 99% by weight of fine cellulose and 1 to 80% by weight of indigestible dextrin in a watery state, that is, in the form of a slurry, paste, gel or cake. The water content of the mixture before drying is about 30% by weight or more, preferably about 35% by weight or more of the weight of the mixture. When fine cellulose exceeds 99%, the above-mentioned drawbacks similar to the case where dietary fibers insoluble in water are used for noodles are seen, and when the indigestible dextrin exceeds 80% by weight, water-soluble dietary fibers are used as well. This will cause problems.
[0022]
The fine cellulose-containing complex in the present invention includes, in addition to fine cellulose and indigestible dextrin, other food materials such as oligosaccharides, sugar alcohols, starch degradation products, starches containing processed starch, fats and oils, and proteins. Salts such as sodium chloride and various phosphates, emulsifiers, thickening stabilizers, pigments and the like can be blended as desired. These food materials can be added at the time of producing the composite, or can be added after the production of the composite.
[0023]
The fine cellulose-containing composite used in the present invention is a composite comprising 40 to 70% by weight of fine cellulose, 30 to 60% by weight of indigestible dextrin, and 0 to 3% by weight of a thickening stabilizer among such composites. The body is more effective and more preferred. A thickening stabilizer is not always necessary, but mixing about 3% by weight or less is preferable because, for example, long-life udon has a texture-holding effect such as prevention of lowering of waist during long-term storage. As the thickening stabilizer, a thickening stabilizer usually used in foods such as alginic acid, capro bean gum, guar gum, tamarind seed gum, xanthan gum, carrageenan, gellan gum, carboxymethylcellulose / sodium can be used.
[0024]
The indigestible dextrin used in the production of the fine cellulose-containing complex is obtained by heating and enzymatic treatment of starch. The average molecular weight of dietary fiber is about 500 to 3000, the glucose residue is α-1,4, α-1,6, β-1,2, β-1,3, β-1,6-glucoside bond, and part of the reducing end is levoglucosan (1,6-anhydroglucose) It is a developed dextrin. Commercially available products such as “Pine Fiber” and “Fiber Sol 2” (trade name: Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) can be used.
[0025]
In order to clarify the fine cellulose-containing composite used in the present invention, the production method is described below.
[0026]
Cellulose materials such as wood pulp, refined linter, regenerated cellulose, cereal or fruit-derived plant fibers are acid hydrolyzed, alkaline oxidative decomposition, enzymatic decomposition, steam explosion decomposition, hydrolysis with subcritical water or supercritical water, etc. Alternatively, by depolymerizing with a combination thereof to an average degree of polymerization of 30 to 375, then applying mechanical shear (shearing force) and grinding, adding indigestible dextrin, mixing, and drying Obtainable. After adding an indigestible dextrin to the depolymerized cellulose, it may be dried after mechanical shearing and grinding and mixing at the same time. In addition, the composite is a wood pulp that can be obtained by subjecting the cellulosic material to chemical shearing, wet grinding, or pulverization after chemical treatment or weak chemical treatment. It may be obtained by mixing and / or grinding fine fibrous cellulose or powdered cellulose made from raw material such as bacterial cellulose or the like together with indigestible dextrin in the presence of moisture and then drying. The thickening stabilizer is added as necessary, and is usually added together with the indigestible dextrin.
[0027]
The wet grinding machine is freely selected depending on the amount of water present in the system and the degree of cellulose refinement. For example, when applying sufficient mechanical shear to obtain fine cellulose having an average particle size of 8 μm or less, medium stirring mills such as a wet vibration mill, a wet planetary vibration mill, a wet ball mill, a wet roll mill, a wet coball mill, Equipment such as a high-pressure homogenizer is used in addition to a wet bead mill and a wet paint shaker. As a high-pressure homogenizer, about 500 kg / cm 2 A type in which the slurry is guided to the fine orifice at the above high pressure and collides with each other at a high flow rate is effective. The optimum grinding concentration when these mills are used varies depending on the model, but a solid content concentration of about 3 to 25% by weight is suitable.
[0028]
In addition, when applying mechanical shear to obtain fine cellulose having an average particle size of 5 to 30 μm, in a slurry-like system having a solid content concentration of about 3 to 30% by weight, a colloid mill, a continuous ball mill, A grinder or a mixer such as a homogenizer, a homomixer, or a propeller stirrer can be used. In order to grind a cake-like product having a solid content concentration higher than that of about 20 to 60% by weight, a kneader, a reika machine, an extruder or the like can be used. For microfibrous cellulose, the cellulosic material suspension is 50 kg / cm using a high-pressure homogenizer. 2 It can be obtained by passing several times at the above pressure and disaggregating the fiber diameter to about 0.01 to 1 μm. Alternatively, it can be obtained by treating the cellulosic material suspension several times with a medium stirring mill. For the purposes of the present invention, these models can be used alone, or two or more types can be used in combination.
[0029]
A known method may be used to dry the mixture of fine cellulose, indigestible dextrin, and a thickening stabilizer that is added if necessary, but in practice, depending on the moisture content and state of the object to be dried. You should choose the best method. For example, in the case of a slurry, a spray drying method, a drum drying method, an alcohol precipitation method, or the like can be used. In addition, examples of the mud and cocoon-like materials include a shelf-type drying method, a belt drying method, a fluidized bed drying method, a freeze drying method, and a microwave drying method. From the viewpoint of reducing the drying cost, an alcohol precipitation method, a pressing method, a shelf drying method capable of drying with a high solid content, and a fluidized bed drying method are preferable. The upper limit of the amount of water after drying is preferably 15% by weight or less in consideration of handleability and stability over time. Especially preferably, it is 10 weight% or less. More preferably, it is 6% by weight or less.
[0030]
The dried product obtained by the drum drying method, the shelf drying method, the belt drying method, etc. is obtained in the form of flakes or lumps, so that it is pulverized by an appropriate method such as an impact pulverizer or a jet mill pulverizer, It is preferable to pulverize the sieve having a mesh size of 425 [mu] m through almost the entire screen.
[0031]
The present invention is to provide noodles that do not hinder the workability at the time of manufacture, and the obtained noodles are reinforced with dietary fibers that are not inferior to conventional noodles in terms of quality. It can be achieved by using the composite as a part of the main raw material, mixing the main raw material in advance with powder, then adding water to make a dough, and making noodles. At that time, the proportion of the fine cellulose-containing composite in the main raw material is preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 3 to 30% by weight.
[0032]
When the fine cellulose-containing composite exceeds 30% by weight of the main raw material, the noodle band tends to be cut easily, and the texture of the noodle tends to be hard and less elastic. On the other hand, the lower limit value is not necessarily limited in terms of the quality of the noodles, and is determined by the ratio of the desired dietary fiber, but is preferably set to 3% by weight or more from the point that the display of dietary fiber can be emphasized. .
[0033]
In the present invention, the basis of the present invention is that the dietary fiber contained in the main raw material is a fine cellulose-containing composite. However, if necessary, other dietary fibers may be used in addition to the fine cellulose-containing composite. At that time, the amount of other dietary fiber used is the place used when making noodles, the type of noodles and the total amount of dietary fiber to be included in the noodles, the other dietary fiber is water-soluble dietary fiber, or insoluble dietary fiber However, it should be limited to the extent that it does not adversely affect the quality of the noodles.
[0034]
The fine cellulose-containing composite is characterized by not being redispersed when it is weakly stirred in the presence of water, whereas it is dispersed in individual fine cellulose when strongly stirred in water. When used in such a state, for example, when dispersed in water to be added in advance and added to the main raw material, it seems to be due to the loss of the characteristics of the complex, but fine cellulose and indigestible dextrin are individually added. This causes the same problems as those used in the above. In the present invention, the composite is mixed with the main ingredients of conventional noodles such as wheat flour, buckwheat flour, starches, etc. in advance so as to be uniform in powder, then watered and kneaded to prepare the dough. It is important to form it, and by doing so, the conventional problems can be solved, and the quality is not inferior to that of the conventional product.
[0035]
The noodles of the present invention can be produced according to conventional production methods according to the type and form of the noodles, except for the above points. The main raw materials used depending on the type of noodles are also properly used such as udon, Chinese noodles, dumpling skin, wheat flour, buckwheat noodles, wheat flour, rice flour for rice noodles, starch for vermicelli, etc. In the same way, it is used properly depending on the type. Depending on the type and form of the noodles, starches containing processed starch are used for the purpose of improving the texture, suppressing the deterioration of the texture, improving the cooking property, etc., and can be used in the present invention as well. When used, it is treated as the main raw material.
[0036]
In the production of noodles, salt and rice bran are essential as auxiliary materials, but besides these, phosphate, alginic acid, caprobean gum, guar gum, tamarind seed gum, bectin, xanthan gum, carrageenan, curdlan, etc. Other thickening stabilizers, emulsifiers, fats and oils, egg whites, milk proteins, wheat proteins, and other physiologically active ingredients such as vitamins, calcium and iron can be used as desired.
[0037]
In the following, in order to explain the noodles of the present invention more specifically, udon is taken up as noodles and one end of the production method is shown.
[0038]
A main material consisting of 70 to 97 parts by weight of flour and 30 to 3 parts by weight of a fine cellulose-containing composite is added with 32 to 45 parts by weight of kneaded water in which 1 to 3 parts of salt is dissolved and kneaded to make a noodle dough. The noodle roll is used to produce raw udon using a cutting blade. Raw udon can be eaten by heating it with boiling water. At that time, when a part of the wheat flour is replaced with starch such as potato starch and tapioca starch, and starches such as processed starch, the time until edible state can be shortened.
[0039]
In the case of boiled udon, boil raw udon to a moisture content of about 60 to 70% by weight, drain, and store in chilled or frozen. In the case of long-life udon, one of the boiled udon, boil it, soak the udon after draining in a pH adjuster for soaking to a pH of about 4, then drain the water and spray with vegetable oil, etc. Sterilize after packaging and store at room temperature. When the purpose is long-term storage such as frozen noodles and long life, it is more preferable to replace a part of the flour with processed starch.
[0040]
Noodles other than udon can be easily produced by changing conditions such as the type of flour used and kneading water. For example, when using flour with a weight ratio of wheat flour: buckwheat flour = 70-30: 20-80 instead of wheat flour, it becomes Japanese soba, and when kneading water added with brine other than salt is used, it becomes Chinese noodles.
[0041]
In this way, by utilizing the present invention, it is possible to produce noodles reinforced with dietary fiber that can be easily produced in the same manner as noodles without added dietary fiber, and the obtained noodles are made into noodles without added dietary fiber. Even if it wins, it will have an inferior texture.
[0042]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference examples and examples. In Reference Examples and Examples, “parts” and “%” mean “parts by weight” and “% by weight”.
[0043]
[Reference Example 1]
After cutting commercially available DP pulp, the acid-insoluble residue obtained by hydrolysis in 7% hydrochloric acid at 105 ° C. for 20 minutes was filtered and washed to obtain hydrolyzed cellulose wet cake (solid content 41%). . And this wet cake of hydrolyzed cellulose, “Fibersol 2” (indigestible dextrin of Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and “Kelcogel LT-100” (trade name: Saneigen FFI Co., Ltd.) (Gellan gum) was adjusted so as to have a blending composition shown in Table 1 in a weight ratio of solids, and was added as necessary, and kneaded for 3 hours using a kneader. Next, after drying with a 60 degreeC hot-air dryer, it grind | pulverized and the fine cellulose containing composite body of the fine cellulose particle of the sample A and the sample B-sample H was obtained. The average particle size when measured with a 1% aqueous solution was 41.7 μm for sample A, 11.2 μm for sample B, and 6 to 8 μm for the other samples.
[0044]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003969512
[0045]
[Reference Example 2]
A sample obtained by mixing the fine cellulose particles of Sample A obtained in Reference Example 1 and “Fibersol 2” with a powder so that the solid content weight ratio is 55:45 is referred to as Sample I.
[0046]
[Example 1]
In the case of using medium strength flour and “Matsuya Sakura” (trade name: processed starch for foods of Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd.) as the main ingredients, the medium strength flour, “Matsuya Sakura” and dietary fiber reinforced products Frozen udon was produced as a comparative example and an example using the main raw material. As the dietary fiber reinforced product, the fine cellulose particles of Sample A of Reference Example 1 and the dietary fiber-containing composite of Samples B to G, and the mixture of the fine cellulose particles of Sample I of Reference Example 2 and indigestible dextrin are used. did.
[0047]
100 parts of the main raw material consisting of the proportions shown in Table 2 and 1.5 parts of salt dissolved in the proportions shown in Table 2 are added and mixed, stretched with a noodle roll, and a square rotary cutting blade (No. 10) Was used to produce raw udon noodles. Table 2 shows the suitability of noodle making in the production of raw udon.
[0048]
Put the above udon into boiling water, boil it up and boil it so that the water content is about 65%, immediately wash it with water, drain it, put it in a mold container, weigh 150g at a time, and quickly freeze it in an atmosphere of -50 ℃ And frozen udon. After frozen frozen udon is wrapped in a synthetic resin film and stored at -20 ° C for 1 month, it is cooked in hot water for 2 minutes to return to an edible state, and the texture is evaluated by waist and smoothness. 2.
[0049]
The evaluation of noodle making suitability and texture was performed according to the following criteria.
<Noodle making aptitude>
A: Extremely good, B: Good, B: Slightly bad, X: Difficult to make noodles
<Waist>
◎: Excellent texture and elasticity, and very good balance between them
○: There is crunch and elasticity, and the balance between them is good
Δ: slightly crunchy and / or elastic
×: insufficient texture and / or elasticity
<Smoothness>
A: Very smooth and extremely good throat
○: Smooth and smooth throat
Δ: Slightly lacking in smoothness and slightly worse throat
×: lack of smoothness and bad throat
[0050]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003969512
[0051]
[Example 2]
Raw udon was produced according to Example 1 using 65 parts of medium-strength flour and 25 parts of “Matsuya Sakura” using the main raw material consisting of 10 parts each of Sample D and Sample H as a fine cellulose-containing composite. In the control example, raw udon was produced in the same manner using 75 parts of medium strength flour and 25 parts of “Matsuya Sakura” as the main ingredients.
[0052]
Add the above raw udon into boiling water with 0.1% of boiled kettle pH adjuster (Okuno Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., trade name: Making G) and boil it up to about 60%. After washing with water and draining, the pH was adjusted to 4 by dipping in a solution to which 0.4% of a pH adjusting agent for immersion (trade name: Proton 309, manufactured by Okuno Pharmaceutical) was added. Then, after draining water and spraying with vegetable oil, 200 g each was wrapped with a synthetic resin film. The packaged boiled noodles were further sterilized by heating at 90 to 100 ° C. for 40 minutes, cooled to make long-life udon, and stored at room temperature for 3 months.
[0053]
Table 3 shows the texture of these long-life udon noodles returned to an edible state with hot water and evaluated according to Example 1.
[0054]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003969512
[0055]
[Example 3]
Examples of medium-strength flour, tapioca starch, and fine cellulose-containing composite of sample D using two main raw materials consisting of 75 parts, 15 parts, 10 parts, or 65 parts, 15 parts, and 20 parts, respectively. According to 1, raw udon was produced. In the control example, raw udon was produced in the same manner using 85 parts of medium strength flour and 15 parts of tapioca starch as the main ingredients.
[0056]
The resulting raw udon was boiled and boiled to a moisture content of about 65%, immediately washed with water, drained, and stored in a refrigerator as chilled udon.
[0057]
Two days after refrigeration, the food was returned to an edible state with hot water and all had a good texture. Further, when the content of dietary fiber in the chilled udon noodles added with the fine cellulose-containing complex was observed, the chilled udon added with 10 parts and 20 parts of the fine cellulose-containing complex in 100 parts of the main raw material was 3.5% each. , 6.3%.
[0058]
The dietary fiber quantification method is the quantification of total dietary fiber by the Prosky method in the dietary fiber quantification method of the analysis method of nutritional components, etc. of the nutrition labeling standard (effective from May 24, 1996). Quantification was performed according to a high-performance liquid chromatographic method applicable to low-molecular water-soluble foods that are considered difficult to analyze.
[0059]
[Example 4]
60 parts of strong flour, 30 parts of buckwheat flour and 10 g of the fine cellulose-containing composite of sample D are added with kneading water in which 1.5 parts of salt and 1.0 g of kansui are dissolved in 32 parts of water. It was extended with a roll, and raw buckwheat was produced using a square rotary cutting blade (No. 20). In the control example, raw buckwheat was produced in the same manner using 60 parts of strong flour and 70 parts of buckwheat flour as the main ingredients.
[0060]
The obtained raw buckwheat noodles were returned to an edible state with boiling water, and when the texture was observed, all showed a good texture and almost no difference was observed.
[0061]
[Example 5]
The main raw material of 85 parts of quasi-strong powder, 10 parts of potato starch, and 5 parts of the fine cellulose-containing composite of Sample D is mixed with 1.5 g of salt in 32 parts of water. The kneaded water dissolved at a ratio of 0.2 g of Kansui was added and mixed, stretched with a noodle roll, and a raw ramen was produced using a square rotary cutting blade (No. 20). The resulting raw ramen was steamed and fried to make instant ramen. In the control, instant noodles were produced in the same manner as the main ingredients, 90 parts of semi-strong powder and 10 parts of potato starch.
[0062]
The obtained instant noodles were returned to an edible state with hot water, and when the texture was observed, it was good and almost no difference was observed in either.
[0063]
[Example 6]
Using 80 parts of strong wheat flour, 10 parts of tapioca starch, 10 parts of the fine cellulose-containing composite of sample D as a main raw material, a solution prepared by dissolving 1 part of saline in 33 parts of water is added and kneaded, and a noodle roll is used. The thickness was 0.90 mm, punched into dumplings (skin), and 20 g of cabbage, pork and other contents were stuffed to produce raw dumplings. The obtained raw dumplings were steamed for 2 minutes with a tunnel-type steaming device to make steamed dumplings, which were cooled and frozen. After one month of freezing, they were put in a frying pan, baked, and steamed baked dumplings with hot water. The texture was good and delicious.

Claims (4)

麺類の製造に際し、微細セルロース及び難消化性デキストリンからなる微細セルロース複合体を主原料の1つとして用い、主原料を予め粉体混合した後、加水して生地を形成し、製麺して得られる食物繊維強化麺類。In the production of noodles, a fine cellulose complex consisting of fine cellulose and indigestible dextrin is used as one of the main ingredients. Dietary fiber reinforced noodles. 微細セルロース20〜99重量%及び難消化性デキストリン1〜80重量%からなる微細セルロース複合体を主原料の1つとして用いる請求項1に記載の食物繊維強化麺類。The dietary fiber reinforced noodles according to claim 1, wherein a fine cellulose complex comprising 20 to 99% by weight of fine cellulose and 1 to 80% by weight of indigestible dextrin is used as one of main ingredients. 微細セルロース含有複合体が微細セルロース40〜70重量%、難消化性デキストリン30〜60重量%及び増粘安定剤0〜3
重量%からなる請求項1又は2に記載の食物繊維強化麺類。
The fine cellulose-containing composite is 40 to 70% by weight of fine cellulose, 30 to 60% by weight of indigestible dextrin, and 0 to 3 thickening stabilizers.
The dietary fiber reinforced noodles according to claim 1 or 2, comprising% by weight.
微細セルロース含有複合体を主原料の1つとして、主原料の3〜30重量%とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の食物繊維強化麺類。The dietary fiber reinforced noodles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fine cellulose-containing composite is used as one of the main ingredients, and the content is 3 to 30% by weight of the main ingredients.
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