JP3964059B2 - Indoor automatic ventilation system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an indoor automatic ventilation system that efficiently removes indoor humidity using a ventilation fan.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a wooden house, when the humidity is high, the tatami mats and molds grow, the wood under the floor tends to rot, and the residents are uncomfortable and the strength of the building is reduced. In a concrete house, there is a problem that condensation occurs in a humid place to generate mold, and the condensation enters into the concrete and freezes to cause cracks.
[0003]
In order to eliminate such a problem, an air conditioner may be installed in a room to perform a dry operation. However, this method is not economical because of the large power consumption.
[0004]
As a method of obtaining the same effect with a small amount of electric power, there is a method of operating a ventilating fan to discharge indoor moisture to the outside and taking in outdoor dry air to reduce indoor moisture.
[0005]
As such a method, the outdoor and indoor absolute humidity are measured, and the two are compared, and when the outdoor absolute humidity is lower than the indoor absolute humidity by a certain value, for example, 1 g / kg ', the ventilation fan is started. And a method of operating the ventilation fan continuously when the absolute humidity in the room near the ventilation fan decreases beyond a certain value, for example, 1 g / kg ', before and after the intermittent operation. Yes.
[0006]
Since these methods operate the ventilation fan intermittently, power consumption is low, and since the ventilation fan is operated only when the absolute humidity in the room is higher than that in the outdoors and has a dehumidifying effect, it is ensured. Indoor dehumidification is performed.
[0007]
However, this method has a problem that the dehumidification is performed with high accuracy in a high temperature state such as summer, while the dehumidification efficiency is deteriorated due to a decrease in accuracy in a low temperature state such as winter.
[0008]
This is derived from the measurement principle of absolute humidity. The reason will be described below.
[0009]
The electrical measurement of humidity uses the principle that when the solid absorbs moisture, the electrical resistance increases almost in proportion to the water content until the dew point is reached. Therefore, the humidity measured directly electrically is the relative humidity of air, and the absolute humidity is obtained by calculation from the relative humidity measured here and the saturated absolute humidity of the temperature at that time. Although a method of controlling the ventilation fan by controlling the difference between the indoor and outdoor relative humidity has been proposed, the relative humidity varies greatly depending on the temperature, especially in the high temperature range, even if the moisture content in the air (absolute humidity) is constant. When the temperature difference between the outside and the room is large, the difference between the absolute humidity and the difference between the relative humidity may be reversed. In such a case, there is a problem that moisture may be brought into the room.
[0010]
By the way, when the ventilation fan is controlled based on the absolute humidity, the difference between the absolute humidity when starting ventilation, that is, when starting the continuous operation of the ventilation fan, and the absolute temperature when stopping the ventilation is calculated. It is necessary to provide it.
[0011]
When the difference between the absolute temperature when starting the continuous operation of the ventilation fan and the absolute temperature when stopping the continuous operation of the ventilation fan is 2 g / kg ′, the saturation absolute humidity is 48.85 g / kg ′ at 40 ° C., Since it is 7.63 g / kg ′ at 10 ° C. and 5.40 g / kg ′ at 5 ° C., it is possible to control operation / stop in 24 sections with 48.85 ÷ 2 = 24 + 0.85 at 40 ° C. However, at 10 ° C, 7.63 ÷ 2 = 3 + 1.63, the operation / stop control can be performed only in 3 sections, and at 5 ° C, the operation / stop control can be performed only in 2 sections. It becomes impossible.
[0012]
In order to avoid this problem, if the difference in absolute humidity at the start and stop of operation is 0.5 g / kg ′, it is troublesome because the operation and stop are frequently repeated in summer and can be controlled at 5 ° C. in winter. Since there are only 10 absolute humidity categories, the dehumidification efficiency is low even in this case.
[0013]
Furthermore, in order to obtain the absolute humidity, the relative humidity and temperature are measured, and the absolute humidity is calculated from the relative humidity and temperature or calculated by a table. In order to compare the absolute humidity at different times, it was measured before. Finding the absolute humidity of the previous measurement from the temperature and relative humidity, and then obtaining the absolute humidity of the later measurement from the temperature and relative humidity that were measured later, and comparing these absolute humidity, the amount of calculation is large Further, the control efficiency becomes worse. In order to cope with this, there is a problem that the cost of the arithmetic unit increases.
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the conventional method of starting the operation of the ventilation fan when the outdoor and indoor absolute humidity is measured and compared with each other and the outdoor absolute humidity is lower than the indoor absolute humidity by a certain value. When the absolute humidity in the room near the ventilation fan decreases beyond a certain value before and after intermittent operation, the method of continuously operating the ventilation fan has a problem that dehumidification is not performed sufficiently in the low temperature region. there were.
[0015]
Moreover, in order to compare the absolute humidity before and after intermittent operation, the amount of calculation increases and the control efficiency is further deteriorated. In order to cope with this, there is a problem that the cost of the arithmetic unit increases.
[0016]
The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem. In an indoor ventilation system that performs ventilation in a room by controlling a ventilation fan using absolute humidity as a control parameter, it is possible to calculate a wide temperature range by calculating with relative humidity. An object of the present invention is to provide an indoor ventilation system that can efficiently dehumidify a room in a region and that can reduce the cost of an arithmetic unit.
[0017]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
1st Embodiment of the indoor automatic ventilation system of this invention installs a ventilation fan in the opening part which connects indoor and outdoor air, and a relative humidity sensor and a temperature sensor are provided in the opening part or indoor area | region where external air is taken in by the said ventilation fan. And the ventilation fan is operated in the intermittent operation mode, and the operation of the ventilation fan is performed from the change in the moisture content in air obtained from the relative humidity measured by the relative humidity sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor. In the indoor automatic ventilation system in which the mode is controlled, storage means for storing the relative humidity measured by the relative humidity sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor every predetermined time, and saturation corresponding to the temperature and an output capable saturated water vapor amount output unit amount of steam, is stored in the storage means is measured in time t0 relative humidity data RH0 and temperature The absolute humidity AH0 from over data T0, the absolute humidity AH0, the subsequent 'in terms of, the relative humidity RH0' relative humidity RH0 in the temperature data T 1 measured in the time t 1 measured in time t 1 was then compared with the relative humidity RH 1, changes in the relative humidity when converted to the same temperature of from time t0 to time t 1 - the operation of the ventilating fan when (RH0 'RH 1) exceeds a preset range It is characterized by switching modes.
[0018]
In the second embodiment, a ventilation fan is installed in an opening that communicates the room and outside air, and a relative humidity sensor and a temperature sensor are installed in the opening or an indoor area where the outside air is taken in by the ventilation fan. Is operated in the intermittent operation mode, and the operation mode of the ventilation fan is controlled from the change of the absolute humidity obtained from the relative humidity measured by the relative humidity sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor by the operation of the ventilation fan. In an automatic ventilation system, saturated water vapor that can store the relative humidity measured by the relative humidity sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor every predetermined time, and can output a saturated water vapor amount corresponding to the temperature. Output from the relative humidity RH 1 measured by the relative humidity sensor at time t 1 and the temperature T 1 measured by the temperature sensor. Calculated humidity AH 1, the absolute humidity AH 1, than this 'in terms of, the relative humidity RH 1' relative humidity RH 1 at the previous time t0 temperature T0 stored in the storage means is determined on the the compared to the relative humidity RH0 in stored time t0 in the storage means, a range in which changes in relative humidity (RH 0 -RH 1 ') is preset when converted to the same temperature of from time t0 to time t 1 When it exceeds, the operation mode of the ventilation fan is switched.
[0020]
In either embodiment, when the ventilating fan is performing the operation of the continuous operation mode, the change in the relative humidity range - to - (AH 1 AH0) previously set (RH0 'RH 1) or the absolute humidity change When it exceeds, the ventilation fan can be switched to the intermittent operation mode, stop or other modes. As a means capable of outputting the saturated water vapor amount corresponding to the temperature, a storage means for storing a table indicating the saturated water vapor amount corresponding to the temperature can be used.
[0021]
In general, a humidity sensor that measures absolute humidity includes a relative humidity detector that electrically detects relative humidity, a temperature detector that detects temperature, and a relative humidity at each temperature in a predetermined temperature range within a target temperature range. It has a first storage unit that stores the relationship (table) of absolute humidity or the amount of saturated water vapor at each temperature, and a central processing control unit, and is measured by the relative humidity and temperature detection unit measured by the relative humidity detection unit. The absolute humidity is obtained from the measured temperature.
[0022]
A humidity sensor for measuring absolute humidity used in the present invention generally has the above-described configuration, and can output relative humidity and absolute humidity. Moreover, since it has a temperature detection part, the output terminal of the temperature measured by this temperature detection part can be provided.
[0023]
Therefore, the humidity sensor that measures the absolute temperature can be used as an absolute humidity sensor, a relative humidity sensor, or a temperature sensor.
[0024]
If the temperature is constant, the change in relative humidity and the change in absolute humidity correlate, so if the temperature of the previous measurement and the temperature of the current measurement are the same or small (for example ± 0.5 ° C) Even if only the relative humidity is compared, there is no significant difference in the results.
[0025]
Furthermore, the operation mode is not limited to intermittent operation and continuous operation, but any operation mode can be selected depending on the amount of change in relative humidity before and after measurement and various situations (for example, room size, application, regional characteristics, etc.). It can also be set.
[0026]
In either method, in order to reduce the cooling load during cooling and heating, a temperature sensor is installed in the room near the ventilation fan, and when the indoor temperature fluctuates beyond a predetermined value during continuous operation of the ventilation fan, When the operation mode is switched to the stop mode or a ventilation fan is installed at the ventilation opening of the bathroom, the continuous operation mode of the ventilation fan is set to the stop mode when a light sensor is installed in the bathroom and a person lights up for bathing. It can also be made to switch. In this case, when the person has taken a bath and the illumination is turned off again, the mode can be set to a continuous operation mode for a certain period of time, in which continuous operation is performed for a certain time.
[0027]
The indoor ventilation system of the present invention is effective for dehumidification of wooden houses, concrete buildings, warehouses, etc., and moisture removal of bathrooms, under floors, ceilings, etc., especially for buildings that are not normally used in villas and condominiums. It is effective for indoor dehumidification.
[0028]
[Action]
According to the present invention, by comparing the relative humidity before and after intermittent operation, there is no restriction due to the absolute humidity classification, and high-precision control is possible, and operation with high moisture removal efficiency is performed efficiently in all temperature ranges. be able to.
[0029]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
[0030]
[Example 1]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0031]
FIG. 1 shows an example in which the indoor ventilation system of the invention is installed in the vicinity of a ventilation opening of a building.
[0032]
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a ventilation opening provided in a wall 2 of the building, and a ventilation fan 3 is attached to the ventilation opening 1. The ventilation fan 3 is controlled by a power supply control circuit 5 that is controlled by a control signal of the control unit 4.
[0033]
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the control unit 4.
[0034]
The control unit 4 includes a relative humidity sensor 6, a temperature sensor 7, a first storage device (RAM) 8 that stores humidity data and temperature data, and a second storage that stores a saturated water vapor amount at each temperature at predetermined temperature increments. It comprises a storage device (ROM) 9 and a central processing unit (CPU) 10.
[0035]
The operation mode of this embodiment is set as follows, but in addition to these “automatic” operation modes, it is also possible to forcibly perform continuous operation and stop by “manual” switch operation. ing.
[0036]
(A) “Stop mode”
Relative humidity change (RH1 -RH1 ') is determined at 28 minute intervals.
(B) “Monitor operation mode”
Repeated operation for 7 minutes and stop for 28 minutes.
(C) “Intermittent operation mode”
Repeated operation for 2 minutes and stop for 28 minutes.
Intermittently 1: 1: “Monitor operation mode”.
Intermittent 2: Repeat twice to go to “Monitor operation mode”.
Intermittent 3: Repeated 4 times to “Monitor Operation Mode”.
Intermittently repeats 4: 5 times to “monitor operation mode”.
(D) “Dry / high humidity mode”
Repeated operation for 2 minutes and stop for 28 minutes.
(E) "Low / high temperature mode"
Run for 2 minutes and stop for 28 minutes.
(F) “Lighting mode”
When the light is off: Repeated operation for 2 minutes and stop for 28 minutes.
When lit: Repeated operation for 25 seconds and stopped for 5 minutes.
[0037]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
[0038]
When the power is turned on, the central processing unit 10 takes in the relative humidity sensor 6 and the relative humidity data RH0 and temperature data T0 of the temperature sensor 7 and stores them in the first storage device 8 at regular intervals (for example, every 7 minutes).
[0039]
Next, the central processing unit 10 takes in the relative humidity data RH1 and the temperature data T1 of the relative humidity sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 7 again after a predetermined time, and stores these data in the first storage device 8 as well as the above. The relative humidity data RH0 and temperature data T0 stored in the first storage device 8 and the values of the saturated water vapor amounts SH0 and SH1 corresponding to the temperature data T0 and T1 stored in the second storage device 9 are read out. The humidity data RH0 is converted into the relative humidity RH1 '(hereinafter referred to as "converted relative humidity") at the temperature T1 measured after the same moisture content in the air, using the data of the saturated water vapor amounts SH0 and SH1.
[0040]
Then, the value of the subsequent relative humidity data RH1 is compared with the converted relative humidity RH1 ', and the operation mode of the ventilation fan 3 is switched as follows according to the difference and the temperature difference (t0 -t1).
[0041]
(1) “When power is on”
Difference between relative humidity and relative humidity is less than 2% RH… “Stop mode”
Difference between converted relative humidity and relative humidity is 2% RH or more… “Monitor operation mode”
(2) “Monitor operation mode”
(a) Regardless of temperature change (T0 -T1), the difference between the converted relative humidity and the relative humidity is within 0.5% RH… continue
(b) If the temperature change (T0-T1) is ± 1.5 ° C or higher… Continue (use of air conditioning equipment)
(3) "Intermittent operation mode" (temperature change (T0-T1) is less than ± 1.5 ° C)
(a) Difference between converted relative humidity and relative humidity is less than 0.5 to 1.0% RH ... intermittent 1
(b) The difference between the converted relative humidity and the relative humidity is less than 1.0 to 1.5% RH ... intermittent 2
(c) The difference between the converted relative humidity and the relative humidity is less than 1.5 to 2.0% RH ... intermittent 3
(d) The difference between the converted relative humidity and the relative humidity is 2.0% RH or more. Intermittent 4
[0042]
[Example 2]
In this embodiment, the relative humidity data RH1 measured later is converted into the relative humidity data RH0 'at the temperature T0 previously measured and stored in the first storage means 8, and the first measurement is performed. The relative humidity data RH0 stored in the storage means 8 is compared.
[0043]
That is, in this embodiment, when the power is turned on, the central processing unit 10 takes in the relative humidity data RH0 and the temperature data T0 of the relative humidity sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 7 every predetermined time (for example, every 7 minutes), and takes the first. The data is stored in the storage device 8.
[0044]
Next, the central processing unit 10 takes in the relative humidity data RH1 and the temperature data T1 of the relative humidity sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 7 again after a predetermined time, and stores these data in the first storage device 8 as well as the above. The relative humidity data RH0 and temperature data T0 stored in the first storage device 8 and the values of the saturated water vapor amounts SH0 and SH1 corresponding to the temperature data T0 and T1 stored in the second storage device 9 are read out. The humidity data RH1 is converted into the relative humidity RH0 'at the temperature T0 measured after the same amount of moisture in the air using the data of the saturated water vapor amounts SH0 and SH1.
[0045]
Then, the value of the relative humidity data RH0 is compared with the converted relative humidity data RH0 ', and the operation mode of the ventilation fan 3 is set in the same manner as in the first embodiment according to the difference and the temperature difference (t0 -t1). Switch.
[0046]
[Example 3]
In this embodiment, the relative humidity data RH0 measured earlier is stored as the converted absolute humidity AH0 at that temperature, and the relative humidity data RH1 measured later is converted into the absolute humidity AH1 at that temperature to obtain the absolute humidity AH0. The absolute humidity AH1 is compared, and the ventilation fan is controlled according to the result.
[0047]
In this embodiment, when the power is turned on, the central processing unit 10 fetches the relative humidity sensor 6 and the relative humidity data RH0 and the temperature data T0 of the temperature sensor 7 every predetermined time (for example, every 7 minutes), while the second storage. The relative humidity data RH0 is converted into the absolute humidity AH0 using the value of the saturated water vapor amount SH0 corresponding to the temperature data T0 stored in the device 9, and this absolute humidity AH0 data is stored in the first storage device 8.
[0048]
Next, the central processing unit 10 takes in the relative humidity data RH1 and the temperature data T1 of the relative humidity sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 7 again after a predetermined time and similarly obtains the absolute humidity AH1, while storing it in the first storage device 8. The stored absolute humidity data AH0 is read and compared to determine the absolute humidity difference (AH0 -AH1), and the operation of the ventilating fan 3 is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment in accordance with the difference and the temperature difference (t0 -t1). Switch modes.
[0049]
In this embodiment, the control of the operation mode is changed to adapt to the absolute humidity difference (AH0 -AH1), but the absolute humidity difference (AH0 -AH1) is changed to the relative humidity difference (RH0) at the temperature T0. It is also possible to control the operation mode in terms of -RH1).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control unit used in the present invention.
1 ... Ventilation port, 2 ... Building wall, 3 ... Ventilation fan, 4 ... Control unit, 5 ... Power control circuit, 6 ... Relative humidity sensor, 7 ... Temperature sensor, 8 ... First Storage device, 9 ... second storage device, 10 ... central processing unit.

Claims (4)

A ventilation fan is installed in the opening that communicates the room and the outside air, a relative humidity sensor and a temperature sensor are installed in the opening or the area of the room where the outside air is taken in by the ventilation fan, and the ventilation fan is operated in the intermittent operation mode. In the indoor automatic ventilation system that controls the operation mode of the ventilation fan from the change in the amount of moisture in the air obtained from the relative humidity measured by the relative humidity sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor by the operation of the ventilation fan,
Storage means for storing the relative humidity measured by the relative humidity sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor every predetermined time; and saturated water vapor output means capable of outputting a saturated water vapor amount corresponding to the temperature. The absolute humidity AH0 is obtained from the relative humidity data RH0 and temperature data T0 measured at the time T0 and stored in the storage means, and this absolute humidity AH0 is obtained as the relative humidity at the temperature data T1 measured at the subsequent time T1. Converted to RH0 ', the relative humidity RH0' is compared with the relative humidity RH1 measured at time T1, and the change in relative humidity when converted to the same temperature from time T0 to time T1 (RH0'-RH1). ) Switches the operation mode of the ventilation fan when it exceeds a preset range. A ventilation fan is installed in the opening that communicates the room and the outside air, a relative humidity sensor and a temperature sensor are installed in the opening or the area of the room where the outside air is taken in by the ventilation fan, and the ventilation fan is operated in the intermittent operation mode. In the indoor automatic ventilation system in which the operation mode of the ventilation fan is controlled from the change of the absolute humidity obtained from the relative humidity measured by the relative humidity sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor by the operation of the ventilation fan,
Storage means for storing the relative humidity measured by the relative humidity sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor every predetermined time; and saturated water vapor output means capable of outputting a saturated water vapor amount corresponding to the temperature. The absolute humidity AH1 is obtained from the relative humidity RH1 measured by the relative humidity sensor at the time T1 and the temperature T1 measured by the temperature sensor, and the absolute humidity AH1 is measured at a time T0 before the absolute humidity AH1. Converted to the relative humidity RH1 'at the temperature T0 stored in the storage means, and compares this relative humidity RH1' with the relative humidity RH0 at the time T0 stored in the storage means, the same temperature from time T0 to time T1. The indoor automatic ventilation system, wherein the operation mode of the ventilation fan is switched when the change in relative humidity (RH0−RH1 ′) when converted into a value exceeds a preset range. When the ventilating fan is performing the operation in the continuous operation mode, according to claim 1 or, characterized in that switching the operation mode of the ventilation fan when the decrease in the relative humidity (RH0 '-RH) exceeds a preset range 2. The indoor automatic ventilation system according to 2. Output means capable of saturated water vapor content in correspondence with the temperature, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a storage means for storing a table indicating a saturated water vapor amount in correspondence to the temperature Indoor automatic ventilation system.

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