JP3957389B2 - Asphalt emulsion - Google Patents

Asphalt emulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3957389B2
JP3957389B2 JP04863098A JP4863098A JP3957389B2 JP 3957389 B2 JP3957389 B2 JP 3957389B2 JP 04863098 A JP04863098 A JP 04863098A JP 4863098 A JP4863098 A JP 4863098A JP 3957389 B2 JP3957389 B2 JP 3957389B2
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Prior art keywords
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asphalt
parts
acid
emulsion
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JP04863098A
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JPH11228839A (en
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彰 瀬尾
康彦 佐藤
篤 藤谷
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Showa Shell Sekiyu KK
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Showa Shell Sekiyu KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、骨材やセメントと混合して道路などの舗装に用いられるアスファルト乳剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
アスファルト乳剤は、これに骨材、フィラー、その他の成分を添付し、これを道路や鉄道あるいは駐車場などの舗装に利用されている。このさい水分が蒸発し、エマルジョンが破壊されアスファルトが硬化するが、この硬化時間は舗装作業の能率あるいは必要とする道路閉鎖時間を大きく左右する原因になっている。
【0003】
一方、このようにして硬化したアスファルトと骨材の接着性の良否は、舗装の寿命に大きな影響を及ぼす因子であるため、骨材の剥離性をどのように防止するかについて従来種々の提案がなされている。
【0004】
このようなアスファルトと骨材の剥離性を防止するため米国特許第3867162号明細書においては、アスファルト50〜80重量%、カチオン乳化剤0.05〜2.0重量%、酸0〜0.5重量%、トール油類よりなる剥離防止剤0.25〜3重量%および水残量%よりなる組成物であって、そのpHが5〜8のアスファルト乳剤が提案されている。前記トール油類については、パルプのアルカリ蒸化液を中和した溶液から得られるロジンや脂肪酸石鹸を回収し、これから遊離のロジンや脂肪酸成分を回収して得られたトール油であり、とくにロジン酸を10〜30重量%含有するものが好ましいとされている。しかし、この発明は確かにアスファルトと骨材との剥離性を抑えるうえでは有効であるが、施工後道路が使用可能な強度を持つに至るまでに4〜7日を要するというものである。
【0005】
特公昭56−4588号公報記載の技術は、剥離防止剤としてアルキル基の炭素数が11〜17の飽和脂肪酸を0.5〜3.0%含有するアスファルト乳剤の製法について記載されており、実施例では前記飽和脂肪酸としてステアリン酸が用いられている。しかしながらこの発明においてもアスファルトの養生期間は3〜7日を必要としている。
【0006】
また、アスファルト乳剤の乳化安定性を与えるため、脂肪族ポリアミンのスルファミン酸塩またはジメチル硫酸塩を使用する技術が特公昭49−6174号公報に、脂肪族ジアミンと脂肪酸を併用する技術が、また、モノアミンまたはポリアミンと飽和または不飽和のカルボン酸とを併用する技術が特開昭59−123523号公報にそれぞれ開示されているが、アミン系材料はアスファルト乳剤の製造過程中などにおいて高温にさらされたとき、アンモニア臭を含む悪臭を発生したり、場合によっては装置を腐食したり、爆発の危険が生じたりする。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、アスファルト乳剤を用いて舗装作業を行った時、施工後少なくとも3時間以内に硬化が完了するため、工事による交通遮断時間や作業時間を大幅に短縮することができるとともに、アスファルトと骨材との接着性にも優れた新規なアスファルト乳剤を提供する点にある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、アスファルト乳剤の貯蔵安定性を損なうことなく、硬化時間を短縮するため、アスファルト乳剤に関する研究を進めた結果、アスファルトを乳化する際にベースアルファルトに酸価50〜300、よう素価5〜200のトール油脂肪酸もしくはトール油誘導体を添加配合すると、製造された水中油滴型アスファルト乳剤のアスファルト粒子表面の極性を向上させ、骨材付着性、貯蔵安定性さらには硬化時間(分解時間)調整性に優れた物性を有するアスファルト乳剤が得られたことを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明は、アスファルト40〜80重量部、好ましくは50〜70重量部、水60〜20重量部、好ましくは50〜30重量部、界面活性剤0.01〜10.0重量部、好ましくは1.5〜6.0重量部および酸価50〜300、よう素価5〜200のトール油脂肪酸および/またはトール油誘導体よりなる性能改善剤0.01〜5.0重量部、好ましくは0.1〜2.0重量部を含有することを特徴とするアスファルト乳剤に関する。
【0010】
前記トール油脂肪酸やトール油誘導体は、よう素価が5〜200、好ましくは10〜180、さらに好ましくは20〜150であることが必要である。いいかえればある程度の不飽和結合をもつことが必要である。よう素価が5を下まわったものは、硬化時間の短縮がほとんど不可能となり、よう素価が200を上回るような場合には、硬化時間が短縮されすぎ、舗装作業に問題を生ずる。性能改善剤の使用量が0.01重量部を下廻ると付着性もほとんど改善されず、また貯蔵安定性も向上しない。また5重量部を上廻ると、作業可能時間が短くなりすぎ、また相対的にアスファルト量が少なくなるので、舗装材としての強度が低下し、さらにはコスト高となる。
【0011】
前記トール油脂肪酸もしくはトール油誘導体は、硫酸塩パルプやソーダパルプ製造の廃液から得られる樹脂酸や脂肪酸などからなる油状副産物などから製造することができる。具体例は以下に列挙するが、これらのうちから酸価が50〜300、よう素価が5〜200のものを選択する必要がある。
【0012】
前記樹脂酸としては、(1)脂肪族:アビエチン酸(ロジン中)、ネオアビエチン酸(ロジン中)、d−ピマル酸(ロジン中)、イソ−d−ピマル酸(ロジン中)、ポドカルプ酸(Podocarpuscupressinusの脂肪中)、アガテンジカルボン酸(コーパル樹脂中)など、(2)芳香族:安息香酸(安息香、キリンケツ中)、ケイ皮酸(トルーバルサム、ペルーバルサム、安息香、ソゴウ香、アカロイド樹脂中)、p−オキシケイ皮酸(アカロイド樹脂中)など、が挙げられる。
【0013】
トール油脂肪酸としては、不飽和脂肪酸であるオレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸などが挙げられるが、これに併用して、飽和脂肪酸としてミリスチン酸、パルチミン酸、ステアリン酸なども使用できる。
【0014】
また、トール油誘導体としては、例えば炭素数36のダイマー酸、ヒドロキシ脂肪酸、ヒドロキシ脂肪酸エステル、炭素数45のダイマー酸などが挙げられる。
【0015】
前記アスファルトは、アスファルト乳剤として使用できるアスファルトであればとくに制限はないが、乳化性がよく、用途の条件に適用するものを選択使用することが好ましい。通常はJIS K 2207に規定されているストレートアスファルトを使用する。
【0016】
前記界面活性剤としては、カチオン系乳剤、アニオン系乳剤、非イオン系乳剤、両性乳剤が使用できるが、通常アニオン系またはカチオン系のものが用いられる。カチオン系乳化剤としては、脂肪族ジアミン塩、第4級アンモニウム塩などを例示することができ、アニオン系乳化剤としては、石鹸、硫酸化油、高級アルコール硫酸エステル塩、脂肪族スルホン化物、アルキルアリルスルホン酸などを挙げることができる。
【0017】
界面活性剤のほかに乳化安定剤などを併用することができ、例えばカゼイン、魚膠、ゼラチンなどの親水性コロイドを挙げることができる。
【0018】
【実施例】
以下に実施例、比較例を挙げて本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により何等限定されるものではない。
【0019】
実施例1〜4
針入度60〜80のストレートアスファルト100重量部を160℃に加熱溶融し、表1に示す4種類のトール油脂肪酸および/またはトール油誘導体よりなる性能改善剤0.3〜0.5重量部(個々の数値は表1中に記載)を添加して溶解し、ベースアスファルトを調整した。一方、40℃の温水89重量部に界面活性剤(樹脂酸とジメチルアミノプロピルアミンとのアマイド)7重量部、85重量%リン酸4重量部とを添加溶解して乳化液を調整した。前記ベースアスファルト65重量部と前記乳化液35重量部とを同時にコロイドミルに通し、アスファルト乳剤を調整した。得られたアスファルト乳剤の性質を表2に示す。
【0020】
比較例1
実施例1〜4の性能改善剤のかわりにステアリン酸を用い、実施例1〜4と同様にしてアスファルト乳剤を調整した。ステアリン酸の使用量はアスファルト100重量部に対して0.5重量部を用いた(表1参照)。
得られたアスファルト乳剤の性質を表2に示す。
【0021】
比較例2
実施例1〜4および比較例1のような性能改善剤を使用せず、実施例1〜4と同様にアスファルト乳剤を調整した。
【0022】
【表1】

Figure 0003957389
【0023】
【表2】
Figure 0003957389
(1) JIS K 2208に規定される貯蔵安定度試験を60℃で行い評価した。
試料乳剤250gを24時間放置した後、シリンダー上部と下部の乳剤の蒸発残留分の差を百分率(%)で表わす。
(2) ASTM D 3910に規定されるウェット・トラック摩耗試験を用いて評価した。
摩耗減量をg/m2で表わす。
【0024】
表2に示すように本発明にかかる実施例1〜4のアスファルト乳剤は、貯蔵安定性にすぐれているうえ、ASTM D 3910に規定されたウェット・トラック摩耗試験による硬質砂岩および石英斑岩に対する摩耗減量(g/m2)も比較例に較べて抜群の性能を示す。すなわち剥離性が大幅に向上していることが分かる。比較例1のステアリン酸も付着性能はそれなりに改善効果が認められるが、貯蔵安定性が悪化するので、実用的ではない。
【0025】
実施例5〜7
針入度60〜80のストレートアスファルト100重量部を160℃に加熱溶融し、表3に示す各種性能改善剤を0.3重量部、0.5重量部、1.0重量部および2.0重量部をそれぞれ添加溶解し、ベースアスファルトを調整した。一方、40℃の温水89重量部に界面活性剤(樹脂酸とジメチルアミノプロピルアミンとのアマイド)7重量部、85重量%リン酸4重量部を添加、溶解して乳化液を調整した。前記ベースアスファルト65重量部と前記乳化液35重量部とを同時にコロイドミルに通し、アスファルト乳剤を調整した。
【0026】
この乳剤11重量部を骨材100重量部、水10重量部、ポルトランドセメント1重量部とを混合し、混合可能時間を測定し、表3に示した。
【0027】
表3から明らかなように、本発明の性能改善剤はアスファルトへの添加量により混合可能時間を調整することができるとともに従来の代表的な性能改善剤であるステアリン酸に較べて抜群の作業性があることを示している。
【0028】
【表3】
Figure 0003957389
(3) 混合可能時間とは、乳剤混合物をへらで撹拌可能な時間をいう。これにより作業可能な時間を評価する。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
1. 水の介在によるアスファルト乳剤と骨材の剥離を防止できる。
2. 乳剤の安定性を向上させることができる。
3. 乳剤の分解特性を調整することができる。
4. 本発明のアスファルト乳剤を使用することにより、アスファルト舗装の常温化が可能であり、舗装に関わるエネルギー消費量の削減など社会的影響も大きい。
5. アスファルト舗装作業時間が大幅に短縮できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an asphalt emulsion used for paving roads or the like by mixing with aggregate or cement.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Asphalt emulsions are used for paving roads, railways, parking lots, etc. with aggregates, fillers and other components attached thereto. This moisture evaporates, the emulsion is destroyed and the asphalt is hardened. This hardening time greatly affects the efficiency of paving work or the required road closing time.
[0003]
On the other hand, the quality of the adhesion between the asphalt hardened in this way and the aggregate is a factor that greatly affects the life of the pavement, so various proposals have been made on how to prevent the peeling of the aggregate. Has been made.
[0004]
In order to prevent such peeling of asphalt and aggregate, in US Pat. No. 3,867,162, asphalt is 50 to 80% by weight, cationic emulsifier is 0.05 to 2.0% by weight, and acid is 0 to 0.5% by weight. %, An asphalt emulsion having a pH of 5 to 8 has been proposed. The tall oils are tall oils obtained by recovering rosin and fatty acid soap obtained from a solution obtained by neutralizing an alkali pulp of pulp, and then recovering free rosin and fatty acid components therefrom. Those containing 10 to 30% by weight of acid are considered preferable. However, although this invention is certainly effective in suppressing the releasability between asphalt and aggregate, it takes 4 to 7 days for the road after construction to have usable strength.
[0005]
The technique described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-4588 describes a process for producing an asphalt emulsion containing 0.5 to 3.0% of a saturated fatty acid having 11 to 17 carbon atoms of an alkyl group as an anti-peeling agent. In the example, stearic acid is used as the saturated fatty acid. However, also in this invention, the asphalt curing period requires 3 to 7 days.
[0006]
In order to give emulsification stability of asphalt emulsion, a technique using an aliphatic polyamine sulfamate or dimethyl sulfate is disclosed in JP-B-49-6174, and a technique using an aliphatic diamine and a fatty acid in combination, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-123523 discloses techniques for using monoamines or polyamines in combination with saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acids, respectively. However, amine-based materials were exposed to high temperatures, for example, during the production of asphalt emulsions. Occasionally, a bad odor including an ammonia odor is generated, and in some cases, the device is corroded or an explosion may occur.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is that when paving work is performed using an asphalt emulsion, since the curing is completed within at least 3 hours after construction, the traffic blocking time and work time due to the work can be greatly reduced, and the asphalt The present invention is to provide a novel asphalt emulsion that is excellent in adhesion between the steel and the aggregate.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to shorten the curing time without impairing the storage stability of the asphalt emulsion, the present inventors have conducted research on the asphalt emulsion, and as a result, when emulsifying the asphalt, the base alphalt has an acid value of 50 to 300. Addition and blending of tall oil fatty acids or tall oil derivatives having an intrinsic value of 5 to 200 improves the polarity of the surface of the asphalt particles of the produced oil-in-water asphalt emulsion, and improves aggregate adhesion, storage stability, and curing time ( It was found that an asphalt emulsion having physical properties excellent in (decomposition time) controllability was obtained, and the present invention was completed.
[0009]
That is, the present invention is 40 to 80 parts by weight of asphalt, preferably 50 to 70 parts by weight, 60 to 20 parts by weight of water, preferably 50 to 30 parts by weight, 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight of surfactant, preferably Is 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight of a performance improver comprising a tall oil fatty acid and / or a tall oil derivative having an acid value of 50 to 300 and an iodine value of 5 to 200, preferably 1.5 to 6.0 parts by weight The present invention relates to an asphalt emulsion containing 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight.
[0010]
The tall oil fatty acid and tall oil derivative should have an iodine value of 5 to 200, preferably 10 to 180, more preferably 20 to 150. In other words, it is necessary to have some degree of unsaturated bond. When the iodine value is less than 5, it is almost impossible to shorten the curing time. When the iodine value exceeds 200, the curing time is too short, which causes a problem in the paving work. If the amount of the performance improver used is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the adhesion is hardly improved and the storage stability is not improved. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 5 parts by weight, the workable time becomes too short and the amount of asphalt is relatively reduced, so that the strength as a paving material is lowered and the cost is increased.
[0011]
The tall oil fatty acid or tall oil derivative can be produced from an oily by-product such as a resin acid or a fatty acid obtained from a waste liquid from the production of sulfate pulp or soda pulp. Specific examples are listed below, and it is necessary to select one having an acid value of 50 to 300 and an iodine value of 5 to 200.
[0012]
Examples of the resin acid include (1) aliphatic: abietic acid (in rosin), neoabietic acid (in rosin), d-pimalic acid (in rosin), iso-d-pimalic acid (in rosin), podocarpic acid ( (In the fat of Podocarpuscupressinus), agatendicarboxylic acid (in copal resin), etc. (2) Aromatics: benzoic acid (in benzoin, giraffe), cinnamic acid (truval sum, peru balsam, benzoin, sago incense, in akaloid resin) ), P-oxycinnamic acid (in an acaloid resin), and the like.
[0013]
Examples of the tall oil fatty acid include unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid, and in combination therewith, as the saturated fatty acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and the like can also be used.
[0014]
Examples of tall oil derivatives include dimer acid having 36 carbon atoms, hydroxy fatty acid, hydroxy fatty acid ester, dimer acid having 45 carbon atoms, and the like.
[0015]
The asphalt is not particularly limited as long as it is an asphalt that can be used as an asphalt emulsion, but it is preferable to select and use one that has good emulsifiability and is applicable to the conditions of use. Usually, straight asphalt specified in JIS K 2207 is used.
[0016]
As the surfactant, cationic emulsions, anionic emulsions, nonionic emulsions and amphoteric emulsions can be used, and anionic or cationic ones are usually used. Examples of cationic emulsifiers include aliphatic diamine salts and quaternary ammonium salts. Examples of anionic emulsifiers include soaps, sulfated oils, higher alcohol sulfate esters, aliphatic sulfonates, alkylallyl sulfones. An acid etc. can be mentioned.
[0017]
In addition to the surfactant, an emulsion stabilizer can be used in combination, and examples thereof include hydrophilic colloids such as casein, fish glue and gelatin.
[0018]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0019]
Examples 1-4
100 parts by weight of straight asphalt having a penetration of 60 to 80 is heated and melted to 160 ° C., and 0.3 to 0.5 parts by weight of a performance improving agent comprising four types of tall oil fatty acids and / or tall oil derivatives shown in Table 1 (Individual numerical values are listed in Table 1) were added and dissolved to prepare base asphalt. On the other hand, 7 parts by weight of a surfactant (amide of resin acid and dimethylaminopropylamine) and 4 parts by weight of 85% by weight phosphoric acid were added to 89 parts by weight of warm water at 40 ° C. to prepare an emulsion. 65 parts by weight of the base asphalt and 35 parts by weight of the emulsion were simultaneously passed through a colloid mill to prepare an asphalt emulsion. Table 2 shows the properties of the obtained asphalt emulsion.
[0020]
Comparative Example 1
Asphalt emulsions were prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4 using stearic acid instead of the performance improvers in Examples 1 to 4. The amount of stearic acid used was 0.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of asphalt (see Table 1).
Table 2 shows the properties of the obtained asphalt emulsion.
[0021]
Comparative Example 2
Asphalt emulsions were prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4 without using the performance improvers as in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003957389
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003957389
(1) A storage stability test specified in JIS K 2208 was performed at 60 ° C. and evaluated.
After leaving 250 g of the sample emulsion for 24 hours, the difference in evaporation residue between the upper and lower emulsions in the cylinder is expressed as a percentage (%).
(2) Evaluation was performed using a wet track wear test defined in ASTM D 3910.
Abrasion loss is expressed in g / m 2 .
[0024]
As shown in Table 2, the asphalt emulsions of Examples 1 to 4 according to the present invention have excellent storage stability and wear against hard sandstone and quartz porphyry by the wet track wear test specified in ASTM D3910. Weight loss (g / m 2 ) also shows outstanding performance compared to the comparative example. That is, it can be seen that the peelability is greatly improved. The stearic acid of Comparative Example 1 also has an improvement effect on the adhesion performance, but it is not practical because the storage stability deteriorates.
[0025]
Examples 5-7
100 parts by weight of straight asphalt having a penetration of 60 to 80 was heated and melted to 160 ° C., and various performance improvers shown in Table 3 were added in 0.3 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 1.0 part by weight and 2.0 parts by weight. Each part by weight was added and dissolved to prepare base asphalt. On the other hand, 7 parts by weight of a surfactant (amide of resin acid and dimethylaminopropylamine) and 4 parts by weight of 85% by weight phosphoric acid were added to 89 parts by weight of warm water at 40 ° C. and dissolved to prepare an emulsion. 65 parts by weight of the base asphalt and 35 parts by weight of the emulsion were simultaneously passed through a colloid mill to prepare an asphalt emulsion.
[0026]
11 parts by weight of this emulsion was mixed with 100 parts by weight of aggregate, 10 parts by weight of water, and 1 part by weight of Portland cement, and the mixing time was measured.
[0027]
As is apparent from Table 3, the performance improver of the present invention can adjust the mixing time depending on the amount added to asphalt, and has excellent workability compared to stearic acid, which is a typical representative performance improver. It shows that there is.
[0028]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003957389
(3) Mixable time refers to the time during which the emulsion mixture can be stirred with a spatula. This evaluates the workable time.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
1. Asphalt emulsion and aggregate can be prevented from peeling due to water.
2. The stability of the emulsion can be improved.
3. It is possible to adjust the decomposition characteristics of the emulsion.
4). By using the asphalt emulsion of the present invention, it is possible to bring the asphalt pavement to room temperature, and social impacts such as reduction of energy consumption related to pavement are great.
5). Asphalt pavement work time can be greatly reduced.

Claims (1)

アスファルト40〜80重量部、水60〜20重量部、界面活性剤0.01〜10.0重量部および酸価50〜300、よう素価5〜200のトール油脂肪酸および/またはトール油誘導体よりなる性能改善剤0.01〜5.0重量部を含有することを特徴とするアスファルト乳剤。From tall oil fatty acids and / or tall oil derivatives having asphalt 40-80 parts by weight, water 60-20 parts by weight, surfactant 0.01-10.0 parts by weight, acid value 50-300, iodine value 5-200 An asphalt emulsion characterized by containing 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight of a performance improving agent.
JP04863098A 1998-02-13 1998-02-13 Asphalt emulsion Expired - Fee Related JP3957389B2 (en)

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MX2010001933A (en) * 2007-08-23 2010-05-03 Innophos Inc Asphalt emulsion priming compositions and methods of use.
WO2011086722A1 (en) * 2010-01-12 2011-07-21 前田道路株式会社 Ordinary-temperature application type hot-mix asphalt, process for production of same, and paving method using same
JP5583978B2 (en) * 2009-03-25 2014-09-03 前田道路株式会社 Room temperature construction type heated asphalt mixture
JP5191063B2 (en) * 2010-01-06 2013-04-24 前田道路株式会社 Asphalt finisher
US9434841B2 (en) * 2014-01-17 2016-09-06 Maeda Road Constructions Co., Ltd Asphalt mixture, process for production of same, and paving method using same
CA2976951A1 (en) * 2015-02-27 2016-09-01 Cargill, Incorporated Polymerized oils & methods of manufacturing the same
JP6344873B1 (en) * 2017-04-25 2018-06-20 大林道路株式会社 High durability room temperature asphalt mixture
JPWO2021010053A1 (en) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-21
CN113698596B (en) * 2021-09-03 2023-07-21 天津康泽威科技有限公司 Cationic asphalt emulsifier, preparation method thereof and asphalt emulsion preparation method
CN115975390B (en) * 2023-03-21 2023-06-20 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 High-solid-content rapid demulsification modified emulsified asphalt and preparation method thereof

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