JP3945139B2 - Conformal array antenna - Google Patents

Conformal array antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3945139B2
JP3945139B2 JP2000304872A JP2000304872A JP3945139B2 JP 3945139 B2 JP3945139 B2 JP 3945139B2 JP 2000304872 A JP2000304872 A JP 2000304872A JP 2000304872 A JP2000304872 A JP 2000304872A JP 3945139 B2 JP3945139 B2 JP 3945139B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
array antenna
antenna
dielectric substrate
conformal array
dimensional curved
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2000304872A
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JP2002111374A5 (en
JP2002111374A (en
Inventor
喜次 山口
隆司 石井
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Priority to JP2000304872A priority Critical patent/JP3945139B2/en
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Publication of JP2002111374A5 publication Critical patent/JP2002111374A5/ja
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は航空機の機体表面等に取り付けられ、例えばレーダーとして、あるいは通信に用いられるコンフォーマルアレーアンテナに関し、さらに詳しくはその構成法に特徴を有するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図3はコンフォーマルアレーアンテナの使用例を示す図である。図3(A)は上記アンテナ1を航空機2の胴体に取り付けた状態を示す図であり、一方図3(B)は図3(A)の破線3で記した部分を拡大したものである。このようにコンフォーマルアレーアンテナは、例えば航空機の機体表面に設置され、レーダーや通信用アンテナとして用いられる。図3(B)に示すように素子アンテナ4は3次元曲面を有するアンテナ面5上に所望のビームを形成可能なように取り付けられており、例えば誘電体基板上にエッチングによって形成される。
【0003】
コンフォーマルアレーアンテナが設置される面は3次元曲面で構成される。したがって、このような場所にアレーアンテナが設置される場合、アンテナ面はアンテナが設置される面と同一の3次元曲面である必要がある。従来のコンフォーマルアレーアンテナは、その構成品である素子アンテナ、アンテナ面を所望の3次元曲面にて形成していた。
【0004】
図4は3次元曲面を有するアンテナ面の製造フローである。アンテナ面が3次元曲面の場合3次元露光が行われるが、この3次元露光プロセスはレーザーを用いたレーザー露光が行われる。このレーザー露光はレーザー光を走査し、所望のパターンを塗りつぶさなければならないため、非常に長い時間がかかることになる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来のコンフォーマルアレーアンテナにおいては3次元曲面を有する曲面アレーアンテナの製造に長時間を要し、高額になるという問題があった。
【0006】
この発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、コンフォーマルアレーアンテナの製造を容易にするためのものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
第1の発明によるコンフォーマルアレーアンテナは、構造物の外表面に沿って形成された3次元曲面を有する誘電体基板と、上記構造物の内部に面した内層側に位置し、上記誘電体基板と所定の間隔をおいて対向配置され、平面状に構成され、複数の素子アンテナを有する平面アレーアンテナと、上記平面アレーアンテナと上記誘電体基板の間に設けられ、厚みが不均一なスペーサとを有するように構成したものである。
【0008】
また、構造物の外表面に沿って形成された3次元曲面を有する誘電体基板と、上記構造物の内部に面した内層側に位置し、上記誘電体基板と所定の間隔をおいて対向配置され、円筒面の一部に取り付けられた複数の素子アンテナを有する曲面アレーアンテナと、上記曲面アレーアンテナと上記誘電体基板の間に設けられ、厚みが不均一なスペーサとを有するように構成したものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態1。
図1はこの発明の実施の形態1を示すコンフォーマルアレーアンテナである。図1(A)はアンテナの斜視図であり、図1(B)は図4(A)の断面図である。図において4は素子アンテナ、6は素子アンテナが構成される平面アンテナ面、7は誘電体基板、8はスペーサである。
【0010】
次に構成について詳細に説明する。アンテナを航空機、建物等任意の3次元曲面を有するものの外表面に設置する場合、誘電体基板7が所望の3次元曲面に沿うように形成される。その内層となるスペーサ8は更にその内層となる平面アンテナ面6との形状を補うように、場所ごとに任意の厚みを有している。このように、場所ごとに厚みの異なるスペーサは例えばハニカム基板を用いて形成することが可能である。
【0011】
この場合、平面アンテナ面6は平面であるため、従来の平面アンテナを製造するようにして製造することができる。
【0012】
また、誘電体基板7は電波に対する反射、通過損失を少なくするため、ガラスエポキシ基板など波長に比べ十分薄いもので構成される。
【0013】
実施の形態2。
図2はこの発明の実施の形態2を示すコンフォーマルアレーアンテナである。図2(A)はアレーアンテナの斜視図であり、図2(B)は図4(A)の断面図である。図において4は素子アンテナ、9は素子アンテナが構成される円筒アンテナ面、7は任意の3次元曲面を有する誘電体基板、8はスペーサである。
【0014】
次に構成について詳細に説明する。誘電体基板を任意の3次元曲面とすること、さらにスペーサの厚みを変化させる構成については、実施の形態1と同じである。
【0015】
図において素子アンテナ4が設置される面は、円筒にて構成されており、このアレーアンテナをフェーズドアレアーアンテナとして使用する場合、広角にビームを走査しても利得低下を少なくすることができる。
【0016】
また、円筒アンテナ面9を形成する基板は、実施の形態1における平面アンテナ面6を形成する場合と同じく、従来の平面基板を製造する方法で製造され、円筒面に沿わせることで円筒アンテナ面9を形成している。
【0017】
なお、上記実施の形態では、コンフォーマルアレーアンテナを航空機の機体表面に取り付けた場合を例に挙げたが、自動車、鉄道、建物等にも利用可能である。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
第1の発明によれば、構造物の外表面に沿って形成された3次元曲面を有する誘電体基板と、上記構造物の内部に面した内層側に位置し、上記誘電体基板と所定の間隔をおいて対向配置され、平面状に構成され、複数の素子アンテナを有する平面アレーアンテナと、上記平面アレーアンテナと上記誘電体基板の間に設けられ、厚みが不均一なスペーサとを有するように構成したので、製造を容易に行うことが可能である。
【0019】
また、第2の発明によれば、構造物の外表面に沿って形成された3次元曲面を有する誘電体基板と、上記構造物の内部に面した内層側に位置し、上記誘電体基板と所定の間隔をおいて対向配置され、円筒面の一部に取り付けられた複数の素子アンテナを有する曲面アレーアンテナと、上記曲面アレーアンテナと上記誘電体基板の間に設けられ、厚みが不均一なスペーサとを有するように構成したので、製造を容易に行うことが可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 この発明の実施の形態1に係るコンフォーマルアレーアンテナを示す図である。
【図2】 この発明の実施の形態2に係るコンフォーマルアレーアンテナを示す図である。
【図3】 従来のコンフォーマルアレーアンテナの運用例を示す図である。
【図4】 従来のコンフォーマルアレーアンテナの製造フローを示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 コンフォーマルアレーアンテナ、2 航空機、4 素子アンテナ、5 アンテナ面、6 平面アンテナ面、7 誘電体基板、8 スペーサ、9 円筒アンテナ面。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a conformal array antenna that is attached to an aircraft body surface or the like and is used, for example, as a radar or for communication, and more particularly has a feature in its configuration method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a usage example of a conformal array antenna. FIG. 3A is a view showing a state where the antenna 1 is attached to the fuselage of the aircraft 2, while FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by a broken line 3 in FIG. Thus, the conformal array antenna is installed on the surface of an aircraft body, for example, and is used as a radar or a communication antenna. As shown in FIG. 3B, the element antenna 4 is attached to an antenna surface 5 having a three-dimensional curved surface so as to be able to form a desired beam, and is formed on a dielectric substrate by etching, for example.
[0003]
The surface on which the conformal array antenna is installed is a three-dimensional curved surface. Therefore, when an array antenna is installed in such a place, the antenna surface needs to be the same three-dimensional curved surface as the surface on which the antenna is installed. In the conventional conformal array antenna, the element antenna 4 and the antenna surface 5 which are components thereof are formed with a desired three-dimensional curved surface.
[0004]
FIG. 4 is a manufacturing flow of the antenna surface 5 having a three-dimensional curved surface. When the antenna surface is a three-dimensional curved surface, three-dimensional exposure is performed. In this three-dimensional exposure process, laser exposure using a laser is performed. This laser exposure takes a very long time because the laser beam must be scanned to fill a desired pattern.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional conformal array antenna has a problem that it takes a long time to manufacture a curved array antenna having a three-dimensional curved surface, which is expensive.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is intended to facilitate the manufacture of a conformal array antenna.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A conformal array antenna according to a first aspect of the present invention is a dielectric substrate having a three-dimensional curved surface formed along an outer surface of a structure, and an inner layer side facing the inside of the structure. And a planar array antenna having a plurality of element antennas arranged opposite to each other at a predetermined interval, and a spacer having a non-uniform thickness provided between the planar array antenna and the dielectric substrate, It is comprised so that it may have.
[0008]
Also, a dielectric substrate having a three-dimensional curved surface formed along the outer surface of the structure, and an inner layer facing the inside of the structure, and facing the dielectric substrate at a predetermined interval A curved array antenna having a plurality of element antennas attached to a part of a cylindrical surface, and a spacer provided between the curved array antenna and the dielectric substrate and having a non-uniform thickness. Is.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1. FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a conformal array antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 1A is a perspective view of the antenna, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. In the figure, 4 is an element antenna, 6 is a planar antenna surface on which the element antenna is formed, 7 is a dielectric substrate, and 8 is a spacer.
[0010]
Next, the configuration will be described in detail. When the antenna is installed on the outer surface of an aircraft, a building or the like having an arbitrary three-dimensional curved surface, the dielectric substrate 7 is formed along the desired three-dimensional curved surface. The spacer 8 serving as the inner layer has an arbitrary thickness for each place so as to supplement the shape of the planar antenna surface 6 serving as the inner layer. In this way, spacers having different thicknesses for each location can be formed using, for example, a honeycomb substrate.
[0011]
In this case, since the planar antenna surface 6 is a flat surface, it can be manufactured by manufacturing a conventional planar antenna.
[0012]
The dielectric substrate 7 is made of a material that is sufficiently thin compared to the wavelength, such as a glass epoxy substrate, in order to reduce reflection and passage loss with respect to radio waves.
[0013]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a conformal array antenna showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 2A is a perspective view of the array antenna, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. In the figure, 4 is an element antenna, 9 is a cylindrical antenna surface on which the element antenna is formed, 7 is a dielectric substrate having an arbitrary three-dimensional curved surface, and 8 is a spacer.
[0014]
Next, the configuration will be described in detail. The configuration in which the dielectric substrate 7 is an arbitrary three-dimensional curved surface and the thickness of the spacer is changed are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0015]
In the figure, the surface on which the element antenna 4 is installed is constituted by a cylinder, and when this array antenna is used as a phased array antenna, a decrease in gain can be reduced even if a beam is scanned at a wide angle.
[0016]
The substrate for forming the cylindrical antenna surface 9 is manufactured by a conventional method for manufacturing a planar substrate, as in the case of forming the planar antenna surface 6 in the first embodiment. 9 is formed.
[0017]
In the above embodiment, the case where the conformal array antenna is attached to the surface of the aircraft body is taken as an example, but the present invention can also be used for automobiles, railways, buildings, and the like.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first invention, the dielectric substrate having a three-dimensional curved surface formed along the outer surface of the structure and the inner layer side facing the inside of the structure, the dielectric substrate and a predetermined A planar array antenna having a plurality of element antennas arranged opposite each other with a space therebetween, and a spacer provided between the planar array antenna and the dielectric substrate and having a non-uniform thickness. Therefore, the manufacturing can be easily performed.
[0019]
In addition, according to the second invention, a dielectric substrate having a three-dimensional curved surface which is formed along the outer surface of the structure, located on the inner side facing the inside of the structure, and the dielectric substrate A curved array antenna having a plurality of element antennas arranged opposite to each other at a predetermined interval and attached to a part of a cylindrical surface, and provided between the curved array antenna and the dielectric substrate, and having a non-uniform thickness Since it is configured to have a spacer, it can be easily manufactured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a conformal array antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conformal array antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of a conventional conformal array antenna.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a manufacturing flow of a conventional conformal array antenna.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Conformal array antenna, 2 aircraft, 4 element antenna, 5 antenna surface, 6 planar antenna surface, 7 dielectric substrate, 8 spacer, 9 cylindrical antenna surface.

Claims (2)

構造物の外表面に沿って形成された3次元曲面を有する誘電体基板と、
上記構造物の内部に面した内層側に位置し、上記誘電体基板と所定の間隔をおいて対向配置され、平面状に構成され、複数の素子アンテナを有する平面アレーアンテナと、
上記平面アレーアンテナと上記誘電体基板の間に設けられ、厚みが不均一なスペーサとを有するコンフォーマルアレーアンテナ。
A dielectric substrate having a three-dimensional curved surface formed along the outer surface of the structure;
A planar array antenna that is located on the inner layer side facing the inside of the structure, is opposed to the dielectric substrate at a predetermined interval, is configured in a planar shape, and has a plurality of element antennas;
A conformal array antenna comprising a spacer having a non-uniform thickness provided between the planar array antenna and the dielectric substrate.
構造物の外表面に沿って形成された3次元曲面を有する誘電体基板と、
上記構造物の内部に面した内層側に位置し、上記誘電体基板と所定の間隔をおいて対向配置され、円筒面の一部に取り付けられた複数の素子アンテナを有する曲面アレーアンテナと、
上記曲面アレーアンテナと上記誘電体基板の間に設けられ、厚みが不均一なスペーサとを有するコンフォーマルアレーアンテナ。
A dielectric substrate having a three-dimensional curved surface formed along the outer surface of the structure;
A curved array antenna having a plurality of element antennas located on the inner layer side facing the inside of the structure, opposed to the dielectric substrate at a predetermined interval, and attached to a part of a cylindrical surface;
A conformal array antenna having a spacer having a non-uniform thickness provided between the curved array antenna and the dielectric substrate.
JP2000304872A 2000-10-04 2000-10-04 Conformal array antenna Expired - Fee Related JP3945139B2 (en)

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JP2002111374A5 JP2002111374A5 (en) 2005-09-08
JP3945139B2 true JP3945139B2 (en) 2007-07-18

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US10249948B2 (en) * 2016-12-09 2019-04-02 The Boeing Company Phased array antennas for high altitude platforms
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CN110545132A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-06 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 MIMO curved surface conformal array antenna for vehicle-mounted platform
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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