JP3944819B2 - Method of manufacturing variable wing blade portion applied to exhaust guide assembly in VGS type turbocharger - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a turbocharger used in an engine for automobiles and the like, and in particular, a variable blade of an exhaust guide assembly incorporated in the turbocharger is sandwiched between a pair of opposed types so as to finish a blade height corresponding to the blade width dimension. This relates to the manufacturing method described above.
[0002]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  A turbocharger is known as a turbocharger that is used as a means to increase the output and performance of an automobile engine. This turbocharger drives the turbine by the exhaust energy of the engine, and rotates the compressor by the output of the turbine. It is a device that brings the engine to a supercharged state that is higher than natural intake. By the way, in this turbocharger, when the engine is rotating at a low speed, the exhaust turbine hardly works due to a decrease in the exhaust flow rate. Therefore, in an engine that rotates to a high rotation range, a feeling of stickiness until the turbine rotates efficiently, It was inevitable that so-called turbo lag, etc. would be required for the subsequent blow-up. In addition, the diesel engine with low engine speed originally has a drawback that it is difficult to obtain a turbo effect.
[0003]
  For this reason, VGS type turbochargers have been developed that operate efficiently even in the low rotation range. This system uses a plurality of variable blades (blades) arranged on the outer periphery of the exhaust turbine to narrow down the exhaust gas with a small flow rate, increase the exhaust speed, and increase the work of the exhaust turbine. High output can be demonstrated. For this reason, in the VGS type turbocharger, a variable mechanism of a variable blade is required separately, and the peripheral components have to be more complicated in shape and the like than the conventional one.
[0004]
  In manufacturing a variable blade in such a VGS type turbocharger, for example, a metal in which a blade portion and a shaft portion are integrally formed by a precision casting method represented by lost wax casting, a metal injection molding method, or the like. There is a method in which after forming a material (a base material that becomes the original shape of a variable blade), the blade portion of the base material is ground and processed to an appropriate blade height corresponding to the width dimension of the exhaust turbine.
[0005]
  However, such polishing is a method of cutting in a broad sense, and applying such processing to the wing portion of the shaped material has a problem in the following points. That is, since this type of turbo equipment is generally used in a high temperature / exhaust gas atmosphere, heat resistant stainless steel such as SUS310S having excellent heat resistance and oxidation resistance is applied to variable blades. Such a material is generally a difficult-to-cut material, and has a problem that it takes a long time for polishing and labor is required for processing. In addition, about 10 to 15 variable wings are required for one turbocharger, so if the car is actually mass-produced about 30,000 units per month, the variable wings are about 300,000 to 450,000 per month. It was necessary to manufacture individual pieces, and the polishing process was not completely compatible (about 500 pieces were cut per day in the cutting process).
[0006]
  For this reason, as a manufacturing method that can improve the production efficiency by processing the blade portion of the variable blade without requiring polishing (cutting), and thus can realize the mass production of the variable blade, the blade of the base material is used. A pressing technique has been devised in which a part is sandwiched between a pair of opposed molds and a wing part is finished to a desired shape and dimensional accuracy. However, it is extremely difficult to achieve the dimensional accuracy required for the function by the method of forming the blade portion of the variable blade by pressing in this way. In other words, it is difficult to form the original shape of the variable wing in a so-called near-net shape that is very close to the target variable wing in both shape and size, and the bulk density is low depending on the forming method of the shape. Thus, there may be a problem in the properties of the shaped material. Therefore, naturally, it is difficult to achieve the desired accuracy in the variable blade formed by pressing such a shaped material.
[0007]
  In addition, variable wings are extremely difficult to press while maintaining a fixed mounting angle between the wings and the shaft, due to the fact that the variable wing is a functional component that integrally includes the wing and the shaft. In the process, the attachment angle between the blade part and the shaft part is distorted, and it may not function sufficiently as a variable blade that narrows the exhaust gas. Of course, the variable wing rotates around the shaft to narrow down the exhaust gas at the wing, and of course the blade angle corresponding to the blade width, etc., as well as the mounting angle between the wing and the shaft, It is an important dimensional value that greatly affects its performance. For these reasons, the method of finishing the blades of the variable blades by pressing has not yet reached the stage of practical use.
[0008]
  In recent years, especially in diesel vehicles, the exhaust gas released into the atmosphere is strongly regulated from the viewpoint of environmental protection and the like._X In order to reduce the amount of particulate matter (PM) and the like, mass production of a VGS type turbocharger capable of improving the efficiency of the engine from a low rotation range has been desired.
[0009]
[Technical issues for which development was attempted]
  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and realizes the blade height dimension of the wing portion with high accuracy on the premise that the wing portion of the shaped material is finished by press. This is an attempt to develop a new method for producing a wing part.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  That is, the manufacturing method of the blade portion of the variable blade applied to the exhaust guide assembly in the VGS type turbocharger according to claim 1 is a relatively small exhaust gas discharged from the engine.(G)Narrow down the exhaust as appropriate(G)Amplifies the speed of the exhaust gas(G)Exhaust turbine with energy(T)Turn this exhaust turbine(T)A variable wing built into a VGS type turbocharger that sends air above natural aspiration to the engine with a compressor directly connected to the engine, so that the engine can deliver high output even at low speeds.(1) A manufacturing method of
  This variable wing (1) IsShaft that is the center of rotation(12)And substantially exhaust gas(G)Wings that regulate the flow rate of(11)Together withFurther shaft part (12) At the tip of the wing (11) Reference plane formed with an appropriate inclination with respect to (15) Having
  Variable wing(1)To manufactureWhatOriginal metal shape material(W)This material is a starting material.(W)By applying appropriate processing to the material or in advance(W)In the stage of obtaining the variable wing of the desired shape and dimensions(1)The near shape of the near net shape and the shape formed in this near net shape state(W)A pair of opposed types(6)Pressed with variable wings(1)Blade height equivalent to the blade width(h)FinishIs,
  At this time, the opposed type (6) The raw material (W) Holding mold (61) And holding type (61) Pressing type that approaches and separates relatively (62) And the reference plane (15) Accept the shape material (W) Cam type for positioning (63) And consist of
  MoreHolding type (61) The shaft receiving part (61a) Formed with the pressing mold (62) The wing receiving part (62a) Is formed,
  When pressing, the cam type (63) By variable wing (1) In a state in which it is regulated to an appropriate posture, (61) And pressing mold (62) And by shape material (W) Wings (11) Sandwiched betweenBlade height as completed(h)It is characterized by realizing the accuracy of the above.
  According to the present invention, the shaped material formed in the near net shape state is pressed and the blade height of the wing portion is processed to a desired accuracy, so that it takes a laborious cutting process to finish the blade height. The finishing process can be made more efficient. In addition, because of this, it is possible to eliminate any cutting process from the manufacturing process of the variable blade, and the mass production system of the variable blade can be realized.
  AlsoThe wing part and the shaft part are pressed at the time of pressing in order to sandwich the wing part and finish the blade height to a desired accuracy by the holding mold in which the shaft part receiving part is formed and the pressing mold in which the wing part receiving part is formed. Inadvertently curving and the like is almost completely eliminated, and high-precision press finishing is made even more realistic.
  AlsoWhen the press finish is performed, the cam mold regulates the variable wing to a substantially constant posture, so that the mounting angle between the shaft portion and the wing portion, that is, the inclined state between the reference surface and the wing portion can be realized with high accuracy. In addition, the finishing press of the shape material (variable wing) is performed in the positioning state with the shaft portion (reference surface) held by the cam mold, and also corrects the attachment state of the wing portion somewhat with respect to the shaft portion. The effect can also be expected.
[0011]
  In addition to the requirement of claim 1, the manufacturing method of the wing part of the variable wing applied to the exhaust guide assembly in the VGS type turbocharger according to claim 2(W)The wings(11)Blade height(h)Is characterized in that it is formed in the range of +0.05 to +0.15 mm with respect to the completed state.
  According to the present invention, the base material subjected to the press finish is formed in a near net shape state of about +0.05 to +0.15 mm with respect to the blade height in the completed state. (For example, a tolerance range of ± 0.01 mm with respect to the target dimension) can be realized. In addition, since the accuracy range of the base material is set as a specific numerical value, the press finishing can be performed more smoothly and reliably, and the efficiency of the finishing process can be further improved.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiments. In the description, while explaining the exhaust guide assembly A in the VGS type turbocharger to which the variable blade 1 manufactured according to the present invention is applied, the variable blade 1 will be described together, and then the blade portion of the variable blade according to the present invention. The manufacturing method will be described.
  The exhaust guide assembly A adjusts the exhaust gas flow rate by appropriately narrowing the exhaust gas G particularly when the engine is running at a low speed. As shown in FIG. 1, as an example, the exhaust guide assembly A is provided on the outer periphery of the exhaust turbine T and substantially exhausts. A plurality of variable blades 1 for setting the flow rate, a turbine frame 2 for rotatably holding the variable blades 1, and a variable mechanism 3 for rotating the variable blades 1 at a constant angle so as to appropriately set the flow rate of the exhaust gas G. It is made up of. Each component will be described below.
[0013]
  First, the variable blade 1 to which the present invention is substantially applied will be described. As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of these are arranged in an arc shape along the outer periphery of the exhaust turbine T (approximately 10 to 15 with respect to one exhaust guide assembly A). The exhaust gas flow is adjusted appropriately by rotating approximately the same degree. Each variable wing 1 includes a wing portion 11 and a shaft portion 12. The wing part 11 is formed to have a constant width mainly in accordance with the width dimension of the exhaust turbine T, and the cross section in the width direction is formed in a substantially wing shape so that the exhaust gas G is effectively exhausted. It is configured to go to T. In addition, the width dimension of the wing | blade part 11 is set to the blade | wing height h here for convenience.
  The shaft portion 12 is formed so as to be integrated with the wing portion 11 and is a portion corresponding to a rotation shaft when the wing portion 11 is moved.
[0014]
  A tapered portion 13 that narrows from the shaft portion 12 toward the wing portion 11 and a flange portion 14 that is somewhat larger in diameter than the shaft portion 12 are connected to the connection portion between the wing portion 11 and the shaft portion 12. Is formed. The bottom surface of the flange portion 14 is formed on substantially the same plane as the end surface of the blade portion 11 on the shaft portion 12 side, and this plane is a sliding surface when the variable blade 1 is attached to the turbine frame 2 and is variable. A smooth rotation state of the wing 1 is ensured. Further, a reference surface 15 serving as a reference for the mounting state of the variable wing 1 is formed at the tip of the shaft portion 12. The reference surface 15 is a portion fixed to the variable mechanism 3 to be described later by caulking or the like. As an example, as shown in FIGS. Are formed in a substantially constant inclination state.
[0015]
  The variable wing 1 is first formed of a metal material (hereinafter referred to as a raw material W) that integrally includes the wing portion 11 and the shaft portion 12 before completion, and the raw material W is appropriately processed. To achieve the desired shape and dimensional accuracy, and obtain the variable wing 1 as a finished product. Here, the portions of the shaped material W in which the wing part 11 and the shaft part 12 are finally formed are defined as the wing part forming part 11a and the shaft part forming part 12a, respectively. In the present invention, a near net shape material W having a shape and dimensions close to the target variable wing 1 is obtained, and this is sandwiched between a pair of opposed dies (press dies), The blade height h, which is the blade width dimension of the variable blade 1, is finished to achieve accuracy as the variable blade 1 in a completed state.
[0016]
  Next, the turbine frame 2 will be described. This is configured as a frame member that rotatably holds a plurality of variable blades 1. As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, the variable blades 1 are sandwiched between a frame segment 21 and a holding member 22. Configured as follows. The frame segment 21 includes a flange portion 23 that receives the shaft portion 12 of the variable wing 1 and a boss portion 24 that fits the variable mechanism 3 described later on the outer periphery. Because of this structure, the flange portion 23 is formed with the same number of receiving holes 25 as the variable blades 1 at the peripheral portion at equal intervals. Further, the holding member 22 is formed in a disk shape having an open center portion as shown in FIG. The dimension between the two members is substantially constant (generally the blade width of the variable blade 1 so that the blade portion 11 of the variable blade 1 sandwiched between the frame segment 21 and the holding member 22 can be rotated smoothly at all times. As an example, the dimensions between the two members are maintained by caulking pins 26 provided at four positions on the outer peripheral portion of the receiving hole 25. Here, a hole opened in the frame segment 21 and the holding member 22 to receive the caulking pin 26 is referred to as a pin hole 27.
[0017]
  In this embodiment, the flange portion 23 of the frame segment 21 is composed of two flange portions, that is, a flange portion 23A having substantially the same diameter as the holding member 22 and a flange portion 23B having a diameter somewhat larger than that of the holding member 22. These are formed with the same member, but when processing with the same member is complicated, etc., two flange portions with different diameters are formed separately, and then caulking or brazing is performed. It is also possible to join by processing or the like.
[0018]
  Next, the variable mechanism 3 will be described. This is provided on the outer peripheral side of the boss portion 24 of the turbine frame 2 and rotates the variable blade 1 in order to adjust the exhaust flow rate. As an example, as shown in FIG. A rotating member 31 that causes the variable blade 1 to rotate and a transmission member 32 that transmits the rotation to the variable blade 1 are provided. As shown in the figure, the rotating member 31 is formed in a substantially disk shape with an open central portion, and the same number of transmission members 32 as the variable blades 1 are provided at equal intervals on the peripheral portion. The transmission member 32 includes a drive element 32A that is rotatably attached to the rotating member 31, and a passive element 32B that is fixedly attached to the reference surface 15 of the variable wing 1. The rotation is transmitted in a state where 32A and the passive element 32B are connected. Specifically, a square piece drive element 32A is rotatably pinned to the rotating member 31, and a passive element 32B formed in a substantially U shape so as to receive the drive element 32A is variable. The rotating member 31 is fixed to the reference surface 15 at the tip of the wing 1 and the rotating member 31 is attached to the boss portion 24 so that the square-shaped driving element 32A is fitted into the U-shaped passive element 32B and engaged with each other. is there.
[0019]
  In the initial state where a plurality of variable blades 1 are attached, in order to align them in a circumferential shape, each variable blade 1 and the passive element 32B must be attached at a substantially constant angle. The reference plane 15 of the variable wing 1 is mainly responsible for this action. Further, if the rotating member 31 is simply fitted in the boss portion 24, there is a concern that the engaging of the transmission member 32 is released when the rotating member 31 is slightly separated from the turbine frame 2. In order to prevent this, a ring 33 or the like is provided so as to sandwich the rotating member 31 from the opposite side of the turbine frame 2, and a tendency to press the rotating member 31 toward the turbine frame 2 is imparted.
  With this configuration, when the engine rotates at a low speed, the rotation member 31 of the variable mechanism 3 is appropriately rotated and transmitted to the shaft portion 12 via the transmission member 32, as shown in FIG. The variable vane 1 is rotated and the exhaust gas G is appropriately throttled to adjust the exhaust flow rate.
[0020]
  An example of the exhaust guide assembly A to which the variable blade 1 manufactured according to the present invention is applied is configured as described above. Hereinafter, the blade portion of the variable blade according to the present invention will be described while explaining the method for manufacturing the variable blade 1. The manufacturing method will be described together.
(1) Preliminary material preparation process
  This step is a step of preparing the metal shaped member W that is the original shape of the variable wing 1 by integrally including the wing portion forming portion 11a and the shaft portion forming portion 12a. In forming such a shaped material W, an appropriate method such as precision casting, metal injection molding, blank material punching, or the like can be applied, and these methods will be schematically described below.
[0021]
(A) Precision casting
  For example, the lost wax method, which is representative of the precision casting method, reproduces the target product (here, variable wing 1) with a wax model almost faithfully in both shape and size, and then coats the wax model around with a refractory. In this method, the wax part inside is melted to obtain only a refractory (coating material), and this is used as a mold. As described above, in precision casting, a casting (raw material W) can be reproduced with high accuracy by forming a mold almost faithfully in accordance with a target product. However, in the present embodiment, in casting, a virgin material having heat-resistant steel (alloy) as a main base material is applied, and the amount of C (carbon), Si (silicon), and O (oxygen) contained is optimized. For example, by making each weight% of C, Si, and O 0.05-0.5%, 0.5-1.5%, 0.01-0.1%, the molten metal flowability can be improved. It is possible to improve the dimensional accuracy of the cast product, and to form the preform W in a near net shape state. In addition, for example, after pouring, the metal material cast together with the mold is rapidly cooled to shorten the time until mold crushing and to refine the solidified grains of the shaped material W. Technical measures to make it difficult to generate an edge (a sharp portion formed in a protruding state from the tip of the shaft 12 due to the rolling of the shaft 12 causes the metal material on the surface of the shaft 12 to plastically flow). To get.
[0022]
(B) Metal injection molding
  This technique involves kneading a binder (mainly an additive that binds metal powders together, for example, a mixture of polyethylene resin, wax, and phthalate ester) with the metal powder that is used as a material. This is a method of injecting into a desired shape, removing the binder, and then sintering, and a molded product with a near-net shape (raw material W) can be obtained in substantially the same manner as precision casting. It is. At this time, in order to generate closed bubbles (spherical gaps between metal particles) in a small and uniform manner, sintering is performed over a period of about 30 minutes to 2 hours, or the molded product is an abbreviation of HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing); It is possible to improve the bulk density of the molded product by performing an (isostatic pressing) process. In addition, a technical device for making the shape of the metal powder spherical and fine as much as possible by air atomization, water atomization, etc., and improving the high temperature rotational bending fatigue property of the shaped material W can be taken as appropriate.
[0023]
(C) Blank blank punching
  In this method, a blank material punched out from a steel strip having a substantially constant thickness (about 4 mm as an example) so as to have a volume (a volume of a metal material) capable of realizing the target variable blade 1 is obtained. This is a technique for forming the shape W. Of course, since the punching process is usually straight, it is impossible to form the cross section of the shaft portion 12 in a substantially circular shape only by the punching process, for example, and forming the shaft portion of the punched blank material. The part 12a generally has a substantially square cross section. For this reason, between the punching process and the transition to the rolling process, for example, the shaft forming part 12a having a substantially square cross section is subjected to forging or coining to form a substantially circular cross section. It is. That is, substantially, a near-net-shaped shaped material W similar to precision casting, metal injection molding, or the like is obtained by a punching process and a molding process, and therefore the reference surface 15 at the tip of the shaft portion 12 and the like. In general, it is formed at this modeling stage.
[0024]
  In addition, when changing the cross-sectional shape in the modeling process, corner R (fillet processing) or chamfering is performed on the corner portion of the blank portion (raw material W) such as the shaft portion forming portion 12a. Further, it is possible to appropriately take technical measures to make it close to a finished shape such as a circular shape. As a result, a dead metal flow state of the metal material is prevented, and smooth plastic flow of the metal material is promoted in a substantial modeling process. Incidentally, in the modeling process, the wing part 11 can also be simultaneously formed in a desired shape (near net shape state).
[0025]
(2) Shaft processing
  In this way, at the stage of obtaining the shaped material W, this is formed into a near net shape state, or by appropriately processing the shaped material W (from the variable blade 1 in which the shaped material W is in a completed state). If the base material W is formed in a near-net shape, the shaft portion forming portion 12a of the base material W is processed to a desired diameter and thickness. For example, a rolling device is applied, the shaft portion forming portion 12a is pressed by a pair of dies, and substantial rolling is performed while relatively rotating the base material W and the dies. The reason why the rolling method is used to process the shaft portion forming portion 12a to have a desired diameter and dimensional accuracy is to efficiently mass-produce the variable blade 1, but the number of manufactured parts is small or many types are used. In the case of small-volume production, or in the case where sharp edges are likely to occur with rolling, the shaft portion 12 can be processed by cutting.
  The near-net-shaped shaped material W can be obtained by precision casting or metal injection molding to such an extent that processing for forming the shaft portion 12 with a desired radial dimension accuracy (for example, the rolling process described above) is not required. In some cases, the processing step of the shaft portion can be omitted.
[0026]
(3) Press working of wings
  After the shaft forming portion 12a is processed to a substantially desired diameter, the near-net-shaped raw material W is sandwiched between a pair of opposed molds, and the shape and dimensions of the blade 11 such as the blade height h Is finished to the desired accuracy. In addition, the blade height h of the shaped member W subjected to such press finishing is formed in an accuracy range of +0.05 to +0.15 mm with respect to the completed state, and this is a target dimension ± 0. The finished variable wing 1 is obtained with a tolerance of 01. In this way, in order to press the blade forming portion 11a of the shaped member W and achieve a blade height h with a desired accuracy, the shaped member W is formed in a near-net shape that is very close to the target variable blade 1. There is a need. In other words, it is almost impossible to achieve the blade height h with the desired accuracy even if the raw material W far from the target variable blade 1 is pressed. 11 or the shaft portion 12 is inadvertently bent, or the attachment state between the wing portion 11 and the shaft portion 12 is distorted.
[0027]
  And as a press apparatus which finishes the wing | blade part 11 of the raw material W, a pair of opposing type | mold 6 as shown in FIG. 3 is applied as an example, This thing is a variable wing | blade.1The holding die 61 is held in a stationary state, and a pressing die 62 that is relatively close to and away from the holding die 61 is provided. The holding die 61 is engraved with a shaft receiving portion 61a for receiving the shaft portion 12 (shaft portion forming portion 12a) to hold the variable blade 1, and the pressing die 62 has a blade portion 11 (wing portion). A blade receiving portion 62a for receiving the forming portion 11a) is engraved, and the holding member 61 and the pressing die 62 sandwich the raw material W from the blade width direction to finish the blade height h. Thus, the finishing press is pressurized in a state where the periphery of the variable wing 1 is surrounded by the opposed mold 6, so that the wing 11, the shaft 12, etc. may be bent or deformed carelessly. It can be almost completely eliminated.
[0028]
  In press finishing of such blade height h, maintaining the attachment state of the blade portion 11 and the shaft portion 12 to be almost constant ensures a stable rotation state of the variable blade 1, As a result, it contributes to improving the performance of the exhaust guide assembly A. BookinventionIn FIG. 3, a cam die 63 for holding the reference surface 15 is further provided on the receiving bottom portion side (downward in FIG. 3) of the holding die 61 for receiving the shaft portion 12. That is, the base material W is subjected to press finishing in a state in which the reference surface 15 is inserted into the reference surface receiving portion 63a formed in the cam mold 63, held in a substantially constant posture, and positioned. is there. Thereby, press finishing can be performed while maintaining the attachment state of the wing part 11 and the shaft part 12, that is, the inclined state of the wing part 11 and the reference surface 15, almost constant. The mounting position is made highly accurate and the variation is suppressed as much as possible.
[0029]
  Thus, in the finishing press of the shaped member W, the reference surface 15 is inserted into the cam die 63 and the shaft portion 12 is held by the holding die 61, so that the shaped member W (variable blade 1) is in an appropriate posture. It is carried out in a regulated state. For this reason, the press is performed in a state where the raw material W is positioned, and the attachment state of the wing part 11 can be somewhat corrected with the shaft part 12 as a reference, and a certain correction effect is expected in the press itself. it can.
[0030]
  In addition, as mentioned above, not only the blade height h but also the shape of the surface of the wing part 11 and the like are appropriately finished by the finishing press.
  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the operation direction (separation direction) of the opposed mold 6 is set to be substantially vertical, the holding mold 61 is disposed downward, and the pressing mold 62 is disposed upward. The crack direction or the arrangement of the holding die 61 and the pressing die 62 is not limited to this.
  Furthermore, in this embodiment, it has been described that the shaft portion 12 is machined to a desired diameter and then the wing portion 11 is subjected to finish pressing. However, the wing portion 11 is not necessarily performed in this order. You may process the axial part 12 after performing a finishing press.
[0031]
(4) Barrel processing
  This process is a process of polishing the entire surface of the shaped material W that has been subjected to the pressing process (in this state, the shaped material W is almost in the completed state of the variable blade 1). W and an additive called a medium are put in a barrel container, and the barrel container is rotated or vibrated to collide the shaped material W with the media, thereby finishing the surface of the shaped material W. Note that the barrel process effectively removes burrs (particularly, burrs between the pair of opposed molds 6 formed in the pressing process) in the raw material W.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
  First, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the blade height h of the shaped material W formed in a near net shape state can be finished without cutting. For this reason, it eliminates cutting from the manufacturing process of the variable blade 1, contributes to cutting-less, and makes the mass production of the variable blade 1 realistic.
  The variable wing 1 is surrounded by the opposed mold 6, that is, the shaft portion 12 is surrounded by the holding die 61, and the wing portion 11 is surrounded by the holding die 61 and the pressing die 62. Since it is pressed, it is possible to almost completely prevent the wing part 11 and the shaft part 12 from being bent or deformed inadvertently. In particular, the wing part 11 is generally easily distorted because the tip part is thin.inventionThen, this distortion is suppressed as much as possible. For this reason, the variable wing | blade 1 which implement | achieved high dimensional accuracy everywhere including the blade | wing height h can be finished.
  In addition, in order to perform the pressing process with the shaft portion 12 (reference surface 15) as a reference by the cam mold 63, the variable blade 1 (the raw material W) is controlled to an appropriate posture, and a positioned press is performed. The press work itself can be expected to have a correction effect by slightly correcting the wing part 11 with the shaft part 12 as a reference.
[0033]
  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the accuracy (neanet ratio) of the shaped material W that can actually finish the variable blade 1 by press working is made concrete. In other words, even if the raw material W far from the target variable blade 1 is pressed, the desired dimensional accuracy (tolerance of ± 0.01 with respect to the target dimension as an example) cannot be obtained. It is assumed that the base material W is formed in a near net shape state. Of course, not only the size and shape of the shaped material W are brought close to the target variable blade 1, but also when the shaped material W is obtained by metal injection molding, for example, the bulk density of the shaped material W becomes low as it is. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately improve the properties of the shaped material W, for example, to increase the density by subjecting the molded product to hot isostatic pressing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view (a) showing a VGS type turbocharger incorporating variable blades according to the present invention, and an exploded perspective view (b) showing an exhaust guide assembly.
FIG. 2 is a front view and a left side view showing a variable wing according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a facing type that sandwiches a shape material and finishes the blade height of a variable blade with a desired accuracy.
[Explanation of symbols]
  1 Variable wing
  2 Turbine frame
  3 Variable mechanism
  6 Opposite type
  11 Wings
  11a Wing formation part
  12 Shaft
  12a Shaft forming part
  13 Taper
  14 Buttocks
  15 Reference plane
  21 frame segments
  22 Holding member
  23 Flange
  23A Flange (Small)
  23B Flange (Large)
  24 Boss
  25 receiving hole
  26 Caulking Pin
  27 pin hole
  31 Rotating member
  32 Transmission member
  32A driving element
  32B passive element
  33 rings
  61 Holding type
  61a Shaft receiving part
  62 Pressing type
  62a Wing receptionPart
  63 Cam type
  63a Reference surface receiving part
  A Exhaust guide assembly
  G exhaust gas
  h Blade height
  T Exhaust turbine
  W Material

Claims (2)

A relatively small amount of exhaust gas (G) discharged from the engine is appropriately throttled, the speed of the exhaust gas (G) is amplified, and the exhaust turbine (T) is rotated by the energy of the exhaust gas (G ). This is a method of manufacturing variable wings (1) incorporated in a VGS type turbocharger that sends air above the natural intake air to the engine with a compressor directly connected to the engine, so that the engine can exhibit high output even at low speeds. There,
The variable vane (1), the axis portion serving as a rotation center (12), wings for adjusting the flow rate of substantially exhaust (G) (11) and a comprising integral, further shank (12) A reference surface (15) formed in an appropriate inclined state with respect to the wing (11) at the tip of the
What is per the producing variable vane (1), a metal formed and fabricated material to be original and (W) are those used as the starting material, by applying an appropriate processing on the formed and fabricated material (W) Alternatively, in the stage of obtaining the shape material (W) in advance, the shape and dimensions are in a near net shape state close to the target variable wing (1) , and the shape material (W) formed in this near net shape state is It is sandwiched between a pair of opposed molds (6) and pressed to finish the blade height (h) corresponding to the blade width dimension of the variable blade (1) .
At this time, the opposed mold (6) includes a holding mold (61) that holds the shaped material (W) , a pressing mold (62) that is relatively close to and away from the holding mold (61) , and a reference surface. Comprising a cam mold (63 ) for receiving (15) and positioning the raw material (W) ,
Further, the holding die (61) is formed with a shaft receiving portion (61a) , and the pressing die (62 ) is formed with a wing receiving portion (62a) ,
When performing the pressing , the blade of the raw material (W) is formed by the holding die (61) and the pressing die (62) in a state where the variable blade (1) is regulated to an appropriate posture by the cam die (63) . A method for manufacturing a blade portion of a variable blade applied to an exhaust guide assembly in a VGS type turbocharger characterized in that the accuracy of the blade height (h) as a completed state is realized by sandwiching the portion (11) . The near-net shape material (W) is formed such that the blade height (h) accuracy of the wing (11) is in the range of +0.05 to +0.15 mm with respect to the completed state. 2. A method for manufacturing a blade portion of a variable blade applied to an exhaust guide assembly in a VGS type turbocharger according to claim 1.

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