JP3944547B2 - Material culvert forming machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a material culvert forming work machine, and more particularly to a material culvert forming work machine that efficiently and reliably forms a material culvert represented by rice husk and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 15, the most well-known material culvert forming work machine has a pipe 2 as a culvert forming material on its construction frame. In addition to this, a slit forming knife 4 called a so-called bullet or a knife such as a subsoiler is attached to the component frame of the work machine 1, and a slit-like space formed by the slit forming knife. The pipe is led from the reel to the tank 5 and the rice husk is supplied to the slit-like space from the tank 5 mounted on the work machine to form a layer 6 having excellent water permeability in the vertical space above the culvert pipe. The rice husk is compressed from above, and the roller 7 is attached so that the density can be increased.
[0003]
The culvert forming work machine having the above-mentioned configuration is to form a layer with excellent water permeability in the vertical direction on the portion below the cultivated soil surface with a knife or the like, and to form a drainage space that promotes drainage in the horizontal direction at the lower end thereof. It is used for paddy field rotation and field farming farming.
In addition to forming a layer with excellent water permeability (also known as a hydrophobic layer), it is possible to quickly drain excess water into the soil so that the space does not collapse due to earth pressure or the like. As can be done, the slit-shaped space is filled with a water-permeable material such as rice husk having excellent water permeability. Since this filling also requires a high density, it can be pressed with a strong pressure from above the filled rice husk by a roller or the like.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a material culvert forming machine, since the main purpose is to embed a pipe that becomes a culvert in the soil, the pipe supply is relatively devised. The mysterious water-permeable material (hydrophobic material) is not so devised in its supply method.
Therefore, when the rice husk is supplied from the hopper to the slit-shaped space, the rice husk and the rice husk cannot move due to surface resistance, and a lump is formed, and a feeding action is added by a screw to forcibly collapse the lump. However, only the portion in contact with the screw is collapsed, and a lump of rice husk, commonly called a bridge, is formed around the screw, and the supply of the rice husk may be cut off.
[0005]
In particular, in the case of a rice husk wet with rain and containing moisture, even if the rice husk and the rice husk are entangled with each other and the resistance increases significantly, the rice husk cannot move smoothly, and the bridge formed by this cannot be fixed. Even if the size becomes remarkable, the supply of the husk is completely impossible, and the work is often interrupted and the work of pushing the bridge by human work is often forced. Therefore, in the present invention, not only stable supply of pipes that are underdrains, but also smooth supply of water-permeable materials such as rice husks, and a dense water-permeable layer is formed. When supplying shells, when the rice husk filled in the flexible container is transferred to the hopper of the work machine, the bottom of the flexible container is opened. It is also a fact that loading of the machine often requires the work of breaking down the rice husk by human-handed machine work, which hinders the efficiency of the work.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention includes a beam having a culvert pipe accommodation space attached to a towed frame, the culvert pipe is embedded, and the culvert pipe is also embedded on the culvert pipe. In a culvert forming work machine for supplying a water permeable material, a hopper that is mounted on the frame to store the water permeable material and has a drop hole for dropping the water permeable material, and a horizontal screw provided at an inner bottom portion of the hopper, A feeding screw extending obliquely from above to the outlet position of the drop hole of the hopper, and the water-permeable material is fed in a horizontal direction toward the bottom center of the hopper by the horizontal screw, and The water permeable material is fed from the upper side to the lower side by the feeding screw to the exit position of the drop hole at the center of the bottom of the hopper. Further, the horizontal screw and the feeding screw are arranged in a plurality of upper and lower stages, and the fall accelerating tower can be inserted into the bottom of the flexible container in the work of loading the water-permeable material from the flexible container into the hopper. A shaft supported by a gauge wheel is provided at a predetermined position of the beam having the culvert pipe accommodation space, and a filling plate or a filling wheel is provided on the shaft. is there.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a front view of a material culvert forming machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is also a plan view, FIG. 3 is also a right side view, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the bottom portion of the hopper. FIG. 5 and FIG. 5 are side views of FIG. FIG. 6 is a side view of the feeding mechanism, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of the hopper. FIG. 8 is a front view of the beam, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the beam.
[0008]
Reference numeral 10 denotes a frame constituting the working machine of the present invention, and a funnel 11 is mounted on the frame 10 as a water-permeable material for loading rice husks called hydrophobic materials. There are four support columns 12 at the four corners of the hopper 11, and a curtain 13 such as a canvas material is stretched for the purpose of increasing the loading capacity of the hopper 11. The upper edge is suspended and supported by a cross member 14 stretched between struts 12 to form a container surrounding the four sides.
[0009]
In addition, a drop accelerating tower 20 is formed in an upright state with four legs 21 from the bottom of the hopper 11. The fall promotion tower 20 has a quadrangular pyramid shape 20A with a reduced size in the width direction, and is opened at the bottom of a flexible container 60 (hereinafter abbreviated as a flexible container) used for loading rice husks. It is easy to enter the falling hole 61.
[0011]
Further, as shown in detail in FIGS. 4 and 5, the bottom portion 11A of the hopper 11 has two horizontal screws 15A and 15B that feed almost horizontally as indicated by an arrow X toward the center of the bottom portion. The lower horizontal screw 15B is driven by the driving force of the hydraulic motor 16 provided at the end of the lower horizontal screw 15B, and the upper horizontal screw 15A is also driven by the chain 16A. Force is distributed and driven. A funnel portion 17 that controls the feeding of the rice husks is provided at the center of the lower position of the upper and lower two-stage horizontal screws 15 and 16 to guide the rice husks to fall vertically from the dropping holes 17A.
[0012]
Further, feeding screws 31 and 32 extending from obliquely upward to downward are disposed at the exit position of the rice hull drop hole 17A, and a hydraulic motor 33 is attached to the upper end of the upper screw 31. The screw 31 is driven by the output of the hydraulic motor 33, and further the screw 32 is driven via the chain, and the feeding mechanism 30 is constituted by these. The feeding mechanism 30 is supported by arms 34 and 35 that are fixed to the bottom of the hopper 11. In other words, the screws 31 and 32 are in a posture along the inclined surface of the bottom of the hopper 11.
[0013]
A beam 40 is attached below the chaff drop hole 17 </ b> A of the hopper 11 provided in the frame 10 constituting the work machine, and the attachment point shaft 42 is attached by a hydraulic motor 41 mounted on the frame 10. It is designed to swing around the center. This beam 40 has a knife-like shape 43 that forms a slit in the form of a knife, and a cannonball 44 that has a chisel function and forms a tunnel-like space in the soil. This cannonball 44 has a length along the working direction, and the latter half is a hollow portion 44A. A pair of side plates 45, 45 extends upward on both sides of the rear portion of the beam 40 across the hollow portion 44 A, and a space 46 formed by the side plates 45, 45 is separated from the front space 46 A by the partition wall 47 and the rear space 46 A. It is partitioned into a space 46B.
[0014]
The upper end portion 45A of the front space 46A, in other words, the upper end portions of the side plates 45, 45 expand in a funnel shape to form a guide portion 45C connected to the front and rear spaces 45A, 45B. The guide portion 45C is located directly under the rice husk dropping hole 17A of the hopper 11, and has a relationship in which the falling rice husk can be received and accommodated. Furthermore, the lower end portion of the partition wall 47 is a space for guiding the pipe P by drawing a curve backward in the working direction, in other words, a guide portion 46C is formed, and the culvert pipe P embedded as a culvert is described later. It is guided from the reel to be fed and is fed backward from the guide portion 46C at the lower end of the front space 46A. Further, the rear space 46B is open to the rear space , and the rice husk M supplied from above is left behind as the work progresses, and is filled into a slit-shaped space formed by a knife. .
[0015]
Further, the rotation of the hydraulic motor 41 from the drive shaft 41A through the cam 41C is converted into the swinging motion of the beam arm 41E supported by the swivel bearing 41F, and the lower end of the beam 40 is drawing an arc. Oscillating motion reduces resistance during work.
[0016]
Further, the frame 10 has a filling machine 50 for filling the chaff filled in the slit space. The filling mechanism 50 is disposed at both positions of the beam 40, and the end of the filling mechanism 50 is pivoted to the frame 10 by the pivot 51A. The filling arm 51 is pivotally attached, and the filling arm 51 has a lower end portion that is telescopic and can be expanded and contracted. A lower end portion of the pressing rod 53 is pivotally attached to the lower end portion 51X, and a compression spring 54 acts between the pressing rod 53 and the lower end portion 51X of the filling arm 51 via spring receivers 53A and 53B. Thus, the pressing rod 51 is constantly acting in the direction of pressing against the field surface.
[0017]
A gauge wheel shaft 55 is supported on the lower end side of the pressing rods 51, 51, and gauge wheels 56, 56 are attached to both ends of the gauge wheel shaft 55.
The central portion of the gauge wheel shaft 55 forms a single continuous shaft from the connecting pipe 55A. However, the connecting pipe 55A in the central portion is restricted from moving in the rotational direction with respect to the gauge wheel shaft 55. ing. A compression plate 57 for compressing the volume of the rice husk just supplied to the slit space is attached to the connecting pipe 55A at its center position, and the surface of the rice husk in the slit space is pressed and compressed. The filling density of rice husk is increased.
[0018]
The compression plate 57 compresses the rice husk even when the pressing rod 51 is pressed by the compression spring 53. Instead of the compression plate 57, a compression wheel acting at a position below the gauge wheel is used as a lower end portion of the arm. The compression wheel can be configured to be able to move on the chaff in the slit space.
[0019]
Further, in the material culvert forming work machine of the present invention, in order to attach the culvert with a gradient, a laser beam receiver 70 is attached to the work machine at the upper end portion of the mounting pole 71, and is placed at an arbitrary position outside the field. It is possible to control using the lift mechanism of the tractor so that the laser light from the light emitter 72 of the grounded laser light is received and the light receiver 70 is always located in the plane drawn by the laser light.
That is, the computer 81 in the control box of the tractor calculates how much the laser beam received by the light receiver 70 is at a set level, in other words, whether it is above or below the reference level L drawn by the laser beam. Then, it is determined whether the work implement should be raised or lowered, and the raising / lowering of the lower link LL is selected as the position of the hydraulic valve 82 of the lift mechanism. At the same time, the oil amount is controlled in the computer 81 to control the operation speed and the opening degree of the oil amount control valve 83, thereby extending and retracting the lift cylinder 84. By this expansion and contraction, the lift rod 86 is moved up and down via the lift arm 85. In other words. The work machine is moved up and down so that the light receiving unit 70 is always positioned within the reference level L drawn by the laser beam.
[0020]
At this time, by forming the hitch pin hole 10Y of the upper link UL in the mast 10X of the work machine in a long hole shape, when the work machine is lifted in the vertical movement control of the work machine, the hitch pin H is freed by the hole of the long hole. When given, the lifting operation is not directly transmitted to the work machine, but a lever motion is performed with the gauge wheel 56 as a fulcrum, and a minute vertical movement is possible, thereby enabling accurate height control.
Further, if the reference plane is given a slight inclination, a culvert pipe can be laid according to the inclination, and an ideal culvert can be formed.
[0021]
Reference numeral 90 denotes a reel in which a pipe forming a culvert is wound and stored, and the end of the pipe 90 is fixed to a water sill (sluice) provided in a field as shown in FIG. When the work is started, the pipe P is drawn out by the rotation of the reel 90 as the work machine moves.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the material culvert forming work machine of the present invention, the rice husk, which is the material of the culvert, can be smoothly provided to the slit-like space, and the rice husk is also loaded in the loading operation. Can be reliably removed from the flexible container. Further, in the working machine, the supply to the rice husk and the like can be reliably and smoothly performed, and the filled rice husk and the like can be made to have a high density. Furthermore, by using a control mechanism using laser light, it is possible to expect a number of effects such as making it easy to add a gradient to the culvert.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a material culvert forming work machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the material culvert forming work machine shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a material culvert forming work machine showing a state when loading rice husk.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a hopper bottom.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a relationship between a feeding mechanism and a hopper. FIG. 6 is a side view of the feeding mechanism.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the hopper.
FIG. 8 is a side view of the beam. FIG. 9 is a front view of the beam.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a plan view of a rice husk filling mechanism and a sectional view showing a working state.
FIG. 11 is a side view of a rice husk filling mechanism.
FIG. 12 is a schematic side view illustrating the working state.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory side view showing an enlarged beam portion.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a lift mechanism.
FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of a conventional culvert forming work machine.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory plan view of a culvert formed by a culvert forming work machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Work implement frame 10X Mast 11 Hopper 15A, 15B Horizontal screw 16 Hydraulic motor 17 Rote part 17A Dropping part 20 Falling acceleration tower 20A Pyramid part 30 Feeding mechanism 31 Screw 32 Screw 33 Hydraulic motor 34 35 Arm 40 Beam 41 Hydraulic motor 42 Shaft 43 Knife teeth 44 Cannonball 44A Hollow part 45 Side plate 46 Space 46A Front space 46B Rear space 47 Bulkhead 50 Filling mechanism 51 Filling arm 53 Pressing rod 53A, 53B Spring receiver 54 Compression spring 55 Gauge wheel 56 Gauge wheel 57 Compression plate 60 Flexible container 70 Light receiving 71 Pole 72 Light emitter

Claims (2)

In a culvert forming work machine comprising a beam having rocking motion means having a culvert pipe housing space attached to a towed frame, burying the culvert pipe, and supplying a water-permeable material onto the culvert pipe,
A hopper mounted on the frame, containing a water permeable material, and having a drop hole for dropping the water permeable material;
A horizontal screw provided at the inner bottom of the hopper;
A feeding screw extending obliquely from above to the outlet position of the drop hole of the hopper, a space for guiding the culvert pipe to the beam, and a partition for creating a space for guiding the water-permeable material;
A guide portion that is located directly below the drop hole and provided at the lower end of the partition wall and that curves backwards;
The water-permeable material is fed in the horizontal direction toward the bottom center of the hopper by the horizontal screw, and the water-permeable material is obliquely moved to the exit position of the drop hole in the center of the bottom of the hopper by the feeding screw. So that it goes down,
A material culvert formation characterized in that a water-permeable material falling from the drop hole is received by the guide portion of the beam while being oscillated by the oscillating means, and the water-permeable material is dropped onto the culvert pipe. Work machine.   2. The material culvert forming work machine according to claim 1, wherein the hopper is provided with a fall accelerating tower that can be inserted into the bottom of the flexible container in the work of loading the water-permeable material from the flexible container.

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