JP3943848B2 - Imaging device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an image pickup apparatus in which a plurality of image pickup means pick up images at different shooting angles of view.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various techniques have been developed to capture still images or moving images with higher definition. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-292052 discloses a technique in which an image captured at a telephoto angle is inserted into an image captured at a wide angle by shooting multiple times at different angles of view.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-173966 discloses a technique for realizing partial high resolution by spectrally dividing with a half mirror and photographing a subject image with a plurality of image sensors at different angles of view.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the invention described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-292052 supports only a still image, and inconvenience occurs when shooting a moving subject.
Further, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-173966, the spectral ratio of the half mirror is made variable. However, the adjustment of the blurring method of each imaging unit is not known, and this point is addressed. Not.
By the way, when the incident light is split by the spectroscopic means and a plurality of images taken by changing the angle of view by a plurality of imaging units are combined to form one image, if the spectral ratio is fixed uniformly, the image There is a problem in synthesis. In addition, if the zoom lens is used to change the focal length and shoot multiple times, it takes time to switch the focal length.
In addition, if a telephoto image is inserted into a wide-angle image without taking distortion into consideration, in practice, it will not work well at the boundary.
Further, when the main subject is not at the center of the screen, the main subject portion cannot be made high resolution.
Further, since the light amount is also assigned to the portion where the telephoto image of the wide-angle image is fitted, the light amount assigned to the telephoto side is reduced.
Furthermore, partial high-resolution imaging is not necessary, and it is not possible to cope with a case where a high-luminance subject and a low-luminance subject are mixed in the imaging screen.
[0004]
Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to obtain an appropriate spectral ratio according to the photographing conditions without fixing the spectral ratio uniformly when creating one image, so that each partial imaging unit It is an object of the present invention to provide an imaging apparatus capable of appropriately performing exposure control in
A second object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus that can make a joint natural when two images are combined.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus capable of photographing a main subject with high resolution even when the main subject is not at the center of the screen.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus that can reduce the amount of incident light, shorten the imaging time, and reduce degradation of the captured image due to camera shake.
A fifth object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus capable of performing imaging with an expanded dynamic range by selecting a mode in which partial high-resolution imaging is not performed.
A sixth object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus capable of selecting image quality improvement equivalent to pixel-shifted imaging for the entire image unless partial high-resolution imaging is performed.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In the first aspect of the present invention, it is disposed in the optical path of the imaging optical system, and the transmittance and the reflectance areSpectral ratioOne or more spectroscopic means capable of controlling the characteristics ofSaidWith spectroscopic meansImaging the divided light at different shooting anglesMultiple imaging meansAnd control means for controlling the spectral ratio of the spectroscopic means so that the exposure times of the plurality of imaging means are equal to each other,It is characterized by providing.
[0006]
  In invention of Claim 2,The invention according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising independent diaphragm means for adjusting the depth of field for each imaging optical system, and diaphragm adjustment means for determining a diaphragm value for each diaphragm means.
[0007]
  Claim3In the described invention, claim 1 is provided.Or claim 2In the invention described in (1), the spectroscopic means is capable of controlling the spectroscopic ratio partially independently within the same spectroscopic means.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an electronic camera according to the present embodiment.
The imaging lens 10 forms an image on the imaging surface of the imaging device, photoelectrically converts the light receiving device of the imaging device, and converts light information into an electrical signal. A signal obtained by photoelectric conversion is reduced in noise by a CDS (correlated double sampling) circuit 20 and then converted from an analog signal to a digital signal by an A / D (analog / digital) conversion circuit.
[0009]
The data converted into the digital signal is recorded in the recording unit 24 by being compressed by the image processing unit 22 or the like. The operation unit 26 is a release button or a mode setting button, and the display unit 28 is a liquid crystal panel or the like. The motor that drives the lens is shown as an example of focusing, but it is not necessary for a fixed-focus camera, and if it has a zoom function, a motor to change the focal length is often required separately. is there.
The low-pass filter prevents the generation of false colors due to high-frequency components (such as fine pitch stripes) of the subject. The infrared cut filter prevents color information from being distorted by infrared rays. In an electronic camera, photometry is often performed using an imaging unit, and therefore, the photometric means is not particularly shown in FIG.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 2, the subject image is divided by the spectroscopic means, and is shot with a plurality of imaging units with different shooting angles, and images with different angles of view are taken as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, the size of the telephoto image is embedded in the wide-angle image. As shown in the conceptual diagram of FIG. 7, the embedded telephoto image portion in the wide-angle image has a higher density of image data and is higher than the other portions (the original wide-angle image portion, the portion outside the line). Have resolution data.
[0011]
Depending on the imaging conditions, the spectral means with variable spectral ratio is adjusted so that the amount of incident light on each image sensor is appropriate for the image sensor. An example of the spectral ratio variable means is shown in FIG. In this figure, a to e are spectral filters, each of which has a different ratio of transmitted light amount and reflected light amount. The turret plate is rotated to bring the appropriate filter to the spectral position. Although the figure shows an example using a turret plate, the filter may be switched by sliding.
In FIG. 1, two imaging units are shown. However, by using two or more spectroscopic means, three or more imaging units are provided so that three or more stages of resolution data are provided as shown in FIG. It can also be.
[0012]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. First, an electrochromic mirror whose spectral ratio can be switched by electrical control is used instead of the mechanical spectral ratio variable means. The electrochromic mirror controls the transmittance and reflectance by electrical control and does not require mechanical driving. Anti-glare mirrors and light control glass can be used.
Here, a specific structure of the electrochromic mirror will be described.
First, a phenomenon in which electrolytic oxidation or reduction reaction occurs reversibly when a voltage is applied and reversibly fades is called electrochromism. Using an EC substance exhibiting such a phenomenon, an EC element (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as ECD) that fades by voltage operation is produced, and this ECD is used as a light quantity control element (for example, light control glass, anti-glare mirror, etc.) ) And 7-segment numerical display elements have been attempted for more than 20 years. For example, an ECD in which a transparent electrode layer (cathode), a tungsten trioxide thin film layer, an insulating layer such as silicon dioxide, and an electrode layer (anode) are sequentially laminated on a glass substrate (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-46098) Is known as all-solid-state ECD.
[0013]
When a voltage (coloring voltage) is applied to the ECD, the tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin film layer is colored blue. Thereafter, when a reverse voltage (erasing voltage) is applied to the ECD, the blue color of the WO3 thin film layer disappears and becomes colorless. Although the mechanism of this color fading has not been elucidated in detail, it is understood that a small amount of water contained in the WO3 thin film layer and the insulating layer (ionic conductive layer) controls the color fading of WO3.
The coloring reaction equation is estimated as follows.
H2O → H + + OH-
WO3 layer (cathode side): WO3 (colorless and transparent) + n · H + + ne− → HnWO3 (blue coloring)
Insulating layer (anode side): OH− → (1/2) H 2 O + (1/4) O 2 ↑ + (1/2) e−
[0014]
In addition, what is known as ECD is a reduction coloring EC layer (for example, WO3), an ion conductive layer, and a reversible electrolytic oxidation layer (for example, oxidation or iridium hydroxide) between a pair of electrode layers on an element substrate. It is laminated so that a predetermined voltage can be applied between both electrode layers.
Incidentally, at least one of the pair of electrode layers sandwiching the EC layer directly or indirectly needs to be transparent in order to show the fading / discoloration of the EC layer to the outside. In particular, in the case of transmissive ECD, both electrode layers must be transparent.
Currently, SnO2, In2O3, ITO (a mixture of In2O3 and SnO2), ZnO, and the like are known as transparent electrode layer materials, but these materials must be thin because of their relatively poor transparency. For this reason and other reasons, the ECD is usually formed on a substrate (for example, a glass plate or a plastic plate).
[0015]
A pair of electrode layers is provided with an extraction electrode which is a connection portion with an external wiring in order to apply a voltage from an external power source. When a transparent electrode layer is used as the electrode layer, the transparent electrode layer has a higher resistance than that of the external wiring. Many. Usually, a low-resistance electrode portion is provided in a band shape around the transparent electrode layer located at the end portion of the substrate surface (for example, a metal clip is attached) to form a low-resistance extraction electrode.
Further, the ECD is used by arranging a sealing substrate for protecting an element so as to face the element substrate depending on the application, and sealingly sealing it with an epoxy resin, for example.
[0016]
The stacked structure of the ECD according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but the structure of the solid ECD is, for example, a four-layer structure such as electrode layer / EC layer / ion conductive layer / electrode layer. And a five-layer structure such as electrode layer / reduction colored EC layer / ion conductive layer / reversible electrolytic oxidation layer / electrode layer.
In general, WO3, MoO3 or the like is used for the reduction coloring EC layer. For the ion conductive layer, for example, silicon oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, niobium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium fluoride, or the like is used.
The ion conductive layer is an insulator for electrons but is a good conductor for protons (H +) and hydroxy ions (OH−). Cation is required for the color-decoloration reaction of the EC layer, and it is necessary to contain H + and Li + in the EC layer and the like. H + does not need to be an ion from the beginning, and it is sufficient if H + is generated when a voltage is applied. Therefore, water may be included instead of H +. This water is very small and sufficient, and often discolors even with moisture that naturally penetrates from the atmosphere.
[0017]
Either the EC layer or the ion conductive layer may be on the top or bottom. Further, a reversible electrolytic oxidation layer or catalyst layer may be disposed with an ion conductive layer sandwiched between the EC layers (which may be an oxidation coloring EC layer in some cases).
Examples of such a layer include oxide or iridium hydroxide, nickel, chromium, vanadium, ruthenium, rhodium, and the like. These substances may be dispersed in the ion conductive layer or the transparent electrode layer, or conversely, they may be dispersed.
[0018]
In the camera, the transmittance and reflectance of incident light are controlled by electrical control. The diaphragm and the electrochromic mirror are controlled according to the shooting conditions and the shooting mode, respectively, so that the plurality of image pickup units are adjusted to have appropriate exposure conditions. Since no mechanical driving means is required, space efficiency is good.
As will be described later, the amount of light incident on each imaging unit is adjusted by the diaphragm and shutter speed.
[0019]
Next, a third embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, when light transmitted or reflected by the spectroscopic means is colored by the spectroscopic means, color correction is performed by image processing. Specific examples will be described below.
The light that has passed through the electrochromic layer in the second embodiment is colored by the color of the material. For example, in the case of tungsten trioxide, blue is colored on the entire screen. Therefore, the portion colored by the electrochromic mirror may be removed by digital processing.
For example, in the case of tungsten trioxide, since blue is colored on the entire screen, processing is performed so as to reduce the blue component of light that was taken by the image sensor. In that case, it is more effective if the unevenness of the electrochromic mirror and the unevenness of the light amount of the imaging optical system are taken into consideration.
Further, according to this embodiment, even if there is a color of the element in reflected light or transmitted light, it can be used as a spectroscopic means.
[0020]
A fourth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, an independent aperture means is provided for each imaging optical system, and an aperture value is determined for each imaging optical system.
If the aperture value determination focal length is different, the depth of field changes accordingly (the wide-angle side has a deep depth of field, and the telephoto side has a shallow depth of field). When the image is inserted, the vicinity of the joint becomes unnatural.
Therefore, the exposure conditions must be adjusted in order to make the degree of blurring near the periphery of the telephoto image approximately the same as the blurring boundary of the wide-angle image. For example, the degree of blur around the periphery of FIG. 3 and the vicinity of the broken line in FIG.
Therefore, in order to adjust the depth of field of each imaging optical system, an aperture adjusting unit is provided for each imaging optical system, and the degree of blurring in the vicinity of the joint of the wide-angle image and the telephoto image is approximately equal by the aperture adjusting unit. Adjust the aperture so that
According to this embodiment, it is possible to prevent the joint of two images from becoming unnatural.
[0021]
A fifth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the spectral ratio of the spectroscopic means is determined so that the exposure times of the respective imaging units are equal.
Generally, the lens becomes darker when shooting with a telephoto lens than when shooting with a wide-angle lens. In addition, as shown in the fourth embodiment, in order to make the degree of blurring near the seam equal, it is necessary to make the aperture on the telephoto side narrower than the aperture on the wide angle side. For this reason, it is necessary to allocate a larger amount of light to the telephoto side in order to equalize the exposure time in each imaging unit. By adjusting the spectral ratio with an electrochromic mirror (so that more light is allocated to the telephoto side), the same exposure time is obtained.
Moreover, even if each image sensor is different, it is necessary to carry out the spectroscopy so that the spectral ratios are equal to each other so that the exposure times are equal.
According to this embodiment, there is no problem even when shooting a moving object.
[0022]
A sixth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, image distortion due to distortion of a plurality of data is detected, and at least one image is converted to embed the telephoto image data in the wide-angle image data.
Depending on the focal length, the distortion is generated differently. As shown in FIG. 9, the telephoto lens tends to be a drum shape, and the wide angle tends to be a drum shape as shown in FIG. Therefore, if a telephoto image of a wide-angle image is to be fitted as it is, the joint portion becomes unnatural as shown in FIG.
Therefore, it is necessary to detect and correct distortion of the wide-angle image and the telephoto image. As shown in FIG. 38, the corresponding points of the telephoto image and the wide-angle image are detected in the telephoto image and the wide-angle image, as shown in FIG. Is the telephoto image, w is the wide-angle image, and the same number of subscripts, it corresponds.) The difference in distance from the center of the image to each point (for example, | W1-O |-| T1-O |) Ask.
And if you calculate the distance from the center of the telephoto image and the distance difference from the center of the corresponding point of telephoto and wide angle and perform regression calculation, the absolute value is not obtained, but one image is It is possible to obtain a relative distortion curve when used as a reference.
The difference between the corresponding point of the wide-angle image and the distance from the center is plotted on the horizontal axis, and the difference of the distance between each corresponding point and the center of the image is plotted on the vertical axis. The curve in the graph is the regression calculation. 6 is a relative distortion curve when the telephoto image obtained by the above is used as a reference.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 13, since the distortion aberration of one image can be matched with the other distortion aberration, the unnaturalness of the joint portion can be eliminated. Although the absolute amount of distortion is not known, a standard is determined (either a wide-angle image or a telephoto image is regarded as an image having no aberration), and distortion is corrected. There are many methods for correcting distortion of an image whose distortion curve is known, such as JP-A-11-250238, JP-A-11-250239, JP-A-11-250240, and JP-A-6-292207. Is disclosed.
Further, instead of converting only one image, since the shift amount of the distance from the center at each corresponding position is known, both images may be converted and combined. Which method is used depends on the characteristics of the taking lens.
[0024]
A seventh embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the focal length of the lens is detected, and distortion is corrected based on the detected result.
The distortion can be easily detected by comparing the focal length and the distortion diagram for each focal length as compared with the image analysis method. The distortion diagram data is written in a ROM (read-only memory) in the camera, and the amount of aberration is obtained from the focal length when the image is actually taken. In addition, after the (mechanical) assembly of the camera is finished, the focal length is obtained by shaking, the lattice pattern etc. is actually photographed, the aberration amount for each focal length is obtained, and the relationship between the focal length and the aberration amount is obtained. If the data in the internal ROM is written, it is possible to eliminate variations among individuals, so that it is possible to further improve the distortion aberration correction accuracy.
The distortion of each image is corrected and the images are synthesized. Unlike the sixth embodiment, since an absolute distortion amount is obtained, the distortion of the image can be corrected as shown in FIG.
[0025]
The focal length is detected by placing a resistor plate on the lens barrel and detecting the amount of rotation of the gear or motor using an encoder that detects changes in the resistance value due to the change in focal length, detecting the number of steps of the stepping motor, etc. Is obtained from the lens barrel feed amount and the lens position.
As a distortion correction method, many methods such as JP-A-11-250238, JP-A-11-250239, JP-A-11-250240, and JP-A-6-292207 are disclosed.
According to this embodiment, the distortion can be easily obtained by detecting the focal length as compared with the sixth embodiment.
[0026]
An eighth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, what is the main subject is set, and the image sensor is moved so that the center of the image sensor that captures the image with the narrower shooting angle of view is located at the position of the main subject image, or Move the incident light.
As shown in FIG. 14, when the main subject deviates from the center, the main subject cannot be photographed with high resolution, and the advantages of partial high resolution photographing cannot be utilized. Therefore, a main subject setting means is provided so that the position of the main subject in the shooting screen can be set, and that portion can be shot with high resolution.
As the main subject position setting means, a method of line-of-sight detection, a method of moving a cursor in the screen with a touch panel type liquid crystal display, a joystick, or the like can be considered.
In addition, in order to photograph the main subject with high resolution, the imaging unit on the side that captures the telephoto image can be moved while maintaining the perpendicular to the optical axis, or the position of the incident subject image can be set. For example, a variable apex prism for shifting is arranged in the optical path, and the subject image or the imaging unit is moved so that the main subject image set in the center of the imaging surface comes.
Even if the main subject is located outside the center of the shooting screen, the main subject portion can be taken with high resolution as shown in FIG.
[0027]
A ninth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the shooting angle of view of each imaging unit is set independently.
First, the focal length ratio between the wide-angle image and the telephoto image can be switched. Then, after determining the shooting angle of view with the optical system on the wide-angle shooting side, the optical system on the telephoto side is operated to determine the range for shooting with high resolution.
Thereafter, the focal length of the imaging optical system on the side that performs telephoto shooting is determined. If the focal length of the photographic optical system on the telephoto side is short, the range of high resolution is wide, but the degree of improvement in resolution is small. Also, if the focal length is increased, the resolution in that range can be significantly increased, although it is a narrow range.
As a result, the user can increase the resolution a little over a wide range as shown in FIG. 16, remarkably increase the resolution over a narrow range as shown in FIG. 17, or the middle between them as shown in FIG. Can be selected.
According to this embodiment, the user can determine a range to be taken with high resolution.
[0028]
A tenth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, an image having the widest angle of view among a plurality of captured images is displayed, and an imaging range having a narrower angle of view is displayed.
First, display means for displaying the range of the telephoto image in the wide-angle image is provided, and the boundary between the wide-angle image portion and the telephoto image portion is displayed as shown in FIG. In the case of a finder, a transmissive liquid crystal module is incorporated in the finder optical system to display a telephoto shooting range.
When the liquid crystal display is a finder means, an image and a boundary line between the images when displayed in the projected screen are displayed. When the high-resolution shooting part can be set at a position other than the center of the screen as in the eighth embodiment, the main subject may be set by moving the frame.
According to this embodiment, it is possible to easily confirm the range that is photographed with high resolution.
[0029]
An eleventh embodiment will be described. This embodiment allows the spectroscopic means to control the spectroscopic ratio partially independently within the same spectroscopic means.
As shown in FIG. 20, the electrochromic thin film is formed separately so that it can be partially controlled. Then, as shown in FIG. 21, a case where a wide-angle image is captured on the reflection side of the spectroscopic means and a telephoto image is captured on the transmission side will be described as an example. There is no inconvenience even when the transmission side is wide-angle shooting and the reflection side is telephoto shooting.
In the vicinity of the center of the spectroscopic means (hatched portion), the transmittance is increased as compared with other portions (peripheral portions) in order to allocate a larger amount of light to the side taking a telephoto image. This shortens the exposure time of the telephoto image and makes it difficult to be affected by camera shake. Although the vicinity of the center on the wide-angle image side seems to be underexposed, there is no problem because the telephoto image is fitted in that portion.
Further, as shown in FIG. 22, if the electrochromic layer can be controlled in light quantity with a pattern that separates the transmittance and the reflectance at a plurality of positions, the case of the ninth embodiment can be dealt with. If the electrochromic layer is divided as shown in FIG. 23 and the reflectance and transmittance are switched according to the position of the main subject as shown in FIG. Can also respond.
[0030]
A twelfth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the angle of view of a plurality of image pickup means is made the same, and the spectroscopic means can select a shooting mode for shooting with different amounts of incident light on each image pickup means.
By capturing multiple imagers with the same angle of view, changing the exposure conditions, and synthesizing the images, you can obtain an image with no overexposure in the high-intensity part and blackout in the low-intensity part. Like that. FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the high luminance part A and the low luminance part B are simultaneously photographed.
If it is overexposed, as shown in FIG. 26, the photoelectrically changed charge cannot be accumulated, so that it is overexposed. On the other hand, if the exposure is insufficient, as shown in FIG. 27, since the photoelectrically converted electric charge is small, the imaging signal is buried in the noise component, resulting in blackout.
Therefore, there is no need for partial high-resolution shooting, and when a high-brightness object and a low-brightness object are mixed in one shooting screen, shooting can be performed with the same angle of view while changing the exposure amount. At that time, if the size of the squeezing changes, the blurring method changes in each image, so the squeezing is the same. Further, if the exposure time changes in each imaging unit, a problem occurs when the subject moves as described above. Therefore, the exposure amount is controlled by adjusting the spectroscopic means. As a result, an image with no overexposure and underexposure as shown in FIG. 28 can be obtained.
[0031]
A thirteenth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the focal lengths of the plurality of imaging units are made the same, and the imaging mode for imaging by relatively shifting the incident positions on the plurality of imaging units can be selected.
By relatively shifting the incident position of the subject image on each imaging unit, it is possible to perform imaging with the same effect as imaging by the pixel shifting method. Since the image sensor detects a color by attaching a color filter as shown in FIG. 29, each light receiving element of the image sensor can take only a specific color component. Therefore, the corresponding position of the light receiving element on each imaging surface is arranged at a position where the corresponding position of the light receiving element with respect to incident light is shifted by a predetermined amount and in a predetermined direction so as to compensate for the lack of color information. Improves the image quality.
In the case of a primary color filter, the image sensor is shifted by a method of shifting one pixel in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 30 so that the green filter fills every pixel, and as shown in FIG. A method of shifting by half a pixel in an oblique direction (increasing sampling density) is known.
[0032]
A fourteenth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the incident position moving means also serves as a mechanism for shifting the main subject so as to come to the imaging center of the imaging unit on the telephoto side in the sixth embodiment.
As in the sixth embodiment, the incident light moving means includes a method of changing the optical path, such as a variable apex angle prism and an optical path moving lens, and a method of moving the image sensor itself. Good.
According to this embodiment, it is not necessary to have another optical path switching means in order to achieve the functions of the sixth embodiment and the twelfth embodiment.
[0033]
A fifteenth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, each image pickup unit has the same angle of view, and a shooting mode for shooting by changing the in-focus position can be selected.
As shown in FIG. 32, when a plurality of subjects having different distances from the camera (in FIG. 32, a person and a building) are on one screen, when actually photographed, as shown in FIG. 33 and FIG. When one subject is in focus, the other subject is out of focus.
Therefore, when partial high-resolution imaging is not required, a shooting mode is provided in which a plurality of imaging units are used to capture images while shifting the in-focus position and combine them as shown in FIG. When there is a large difference in luminance between a subject that is far from the camera and a subject that is close to the camera, the spectroscopic means may be adjusted to capture the amount of light that is guided to each imaging unit.
According to this embodiment, it is possible to capture an image that is in focus over a wide range.
[0034]
  In invention of Claim 1,There is no problem even when shooting moving objects.
  In invention of Claim 2,It is possible to prevent the joint of two images (a wide-angle image and a telephoto image) from becoming unnatural.
[0035]
  Claim3In the described invention, since the amount of incident light is reduced, the photographing time is shortened, and deterioration of the photographed image due to camera shake can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an electronic camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a subject image divided by a spectroscopic unit and photographed by a plurality of imaging units with different photographing angles.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example in which images with different angles of view are captured.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example in which images with different angles of view are captured.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the size of a telephoto image is embedded in a wide-angle image.
6 is a diagram for explaining the degree of blur around the broken line in comparison with FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing that the density of image data is high and the data has higher resolution than other portions.
FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in the case of having resolution data of three or more stages.
FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating that the telephoto is likely to be a drum-shaped image.
FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating that a wide angle tends to be a drum shape.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a joint portion becomes unnatural when attempting to fit a telephoto image of a wide-angle image.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example in which image distortion is corrected.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the unnaturalness of the joint portion is eliminated by matching the distortion aberration of one image with the distortion aberration of the other image.
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a case where a main subject is off the center.
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a main subject portion is photographed with high resolution.
FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example in which resolution is slightly increased for a wide range.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example in which resolution is remarkably increased in a narrow range.
FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a case where an intermediate point between FIGS. 16 and 17 is selected.
FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a boundary between a wide-angle image portion and a telephoto image portion.
FIG. 20 is a view showing an example in which electrochromic thin films are separately formed so as to be partially controlled.
FIG. 21 is a diagram exemplifying a case where a wide-angle image is captured on the reflection side of the spectroscopic means and a telephoto image is captured on the transmission side.
FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example in which the amount of light can be controlled with a pattern in which the electrochromic layer further separates transmittance and reflectance at a plurality of positions.
FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example in which electrochromic layers are arranged separately.
FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the reflectance and transmittance are switched according to the position of the main subject.
FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a high luminance part A and a low luminance part B are photographed simultaneously.
FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example in which overexposure occurs due to overexposure that prevents photoelectrically changed charges from being accumulated.
FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an imaging signal is buried in a noise component due to insufficient exposure due to insufficient exposure, resulting in blackout.
FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an image in a state where there is no overexposure and no overexposure.
FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating an example of a color filter.
FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining a method of shifting by one pixel in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction.
FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating a method of shifting by half a pixel in an oblique direction.
FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a plurality of subjects with different distances from the camera are on one screen.
FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating an example in which when one subject (person) is focused, the other subject is not focused.
FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating an example in which when one subject (building) is focused, the other subject is not focused.
FIG. 35 is a diagram showing an example in which in-focus locations in FIGS. 34 and 35 are synthesized.
FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an example of a spectral ratio variable unit.
FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating a common part between a telephoto image and a wide-angle image.
FIG. 38 is a diagram for explaining a method of detecting corresponding points of a telephoto image and a wide-angle image in a telephoto image and obtaining a difference between the points and the distance from the center of the image.
FIG. 39 is a diagram in which the difference in distance from the corresponding point of the wide-angle image and the center is plotted on the horizontal axis, and the difference in distance between each corresponding point and the center of the image is plotted on the vertical axis.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Shooting lens
22 Image processing unit
24 Recording section
26 Operation unit
28 Display section

Claims (3)

One or more spectroscopic means disposed in the optical path of the imaging optical system and capable of controlling the spectral ratio characteristics of transmittance and reflectance;
A plurality of imaging means for imaging at imaging angle a different light separated by the spectroscopic means,
An image pickup apparatus comprising: control means for controlling a spectral ratio of the spectroscopic means so that exposure times of the plurality of image pickup means are equal . Independent diaphragm means for adjusting the depth of field for each imaging optical system;
The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an aperture adjustment unit that determines an aperture value for each aperture unit. The spectroscopic means, in the same spectral means, the imaging apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that to control the spectral ratio partially independent.

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