JP3943699B2 - WOOD POROUS MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING WOOD POROUS MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a porous wood material suitable for recycling waste materials that can be produced from waste wood materials and does not cause environmental pollution by disposal, and a method for producing the same, and in particular, plant fibers such as wood, bark, and grain shells are liquid. The present invention relates to a wood porous material manufactured using a liquefied lignocellulose liquefied resin and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, in the manufacturing industry, a large amount of chemical products such as plastics and synthetic fibers made from fossil resources, mainly petroleum, are produced, and the consumption of fossil resources continues to increase. However, since it is difficult to regenerate fossil resources, it is necessary to reduce the dependence on fossil resources. In addition, chemical products produced using fossil resources as raw materials do not decompose naturally, so they require combustion treatment when discarded. However, sufficient consideration must be given to air pollution and global warming.
[0003]
On the one hand, the amount of general and industrial waste generated is enormous, and it is difficult to say that waste management is adequately managed. Recyclable resources are effectively reused to reduce the amount of waste. This is an urgent issue.
[0004]
The amount of wood waste contained in such waste is quite large, and the total amount of wood waste discharged annually is said to reach over 40 million tons. Until now, the method of recycling wood waste has been to use it for mushroom production, feed, compost, incinerated fuel, etc., but the recycling rate is very low by these alone. Therefore, in order to further promote the reuse of wood waste, it is necessary to convert the wood waste into a form that can be used as a substitute for fossil resources.
[0005]
As a method for use as a substitute for fossil resources, a technique for obtaining a porous body by kneading wood powder with a foamable resin and forming it is widely known. However, in the case of this porous body, the wood powder serves only as a filler or aggregate, and the main component is a resin made of fossil resources. Therefore, it cannot be said that the characteristics of the wood material are effectively used.
[0006]
The main components constituting the woody material are the three major components of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, which are generally called lignocellulose. All of these have a strong physical and chemical structure. For this reason, wood is difficult to dissolve in a solvent, and even if it is dissolved, it is difficult to obtain a solution suitable for manufacturing various polymer products. Therefore, it is not easy to use the components of the wood as a chemical raw material, but lignocellulose contains many polysaccharides and three-dimensionally cross-linked phenols and alcohols. If the pretreatment for solubilizing each component of the above is realized, the wood material can be reused as a chemical raw material.
[0007]
In such a situation, it has been proposed to use a woody material as a resin raw material for an adhesive or a film by utilizing the properties of lignocellulose as a polyol. In this method, a part or all of the hydroxyl groups of lignocellulose are chemically modified by introducing an ester group or an ether group and then dissolved in an organic solvent to prepare a wooden solution, and this wooden solution is made into a resin. .
[0008]
On the other hand, in industrial products, there is a great demand for lightweight and impact-resistant foams, so if woody material can be reused as a porous material, the applicable range of recycling becomes wider. For this reason, a method for producing a foam material from a woody waste has been studied. There is no disclosure regarding the production of the foam material in the above-mentioned proposal regarding the woody solution, and there is a demand for a simple and low-cost method for producing a wood foam material that is not inferior in physical properties with various commercially available foams.
[0009]
As a result of repeated research for the purpose of developing a method for obtaining a wood foam material, a proposal has been made that a wood foam can be prepared from a wood solution obtained by treating the above-mentioned chemically modified wood material. However, this method has a problem that the manufacturing cost is high due to the chemical modification step of the wood material, and is not suitable for practical use.
[0010]
In order to realize the production of a wood foam material comparable to a commercially available foam material, a method for obtaining a wood solution without chemically modifying the wood material has been proposed. In this proposal, a wooden material is pressurized while being heated to 200 to 260 ° C. in the presence of phenols or bisphenols. In this proposal, it is also shown that wood materials can be liquefied into polyhydric alcohols, oxyethers, cyclic ethers, and ketones.
[0011]
In addition, a liquefied solution of a wood material can be produced by subjecting the wood material to a halogenation treatment using chlorine or the like and then heating to 200 to 260 ° C. in a treatment liquid containing a liquefaction solubilizing agent such as a phenol compound. And a technique for preparing an adhesive or a foam from the obtained wood solution is shown.
[0012]
Furthermore, in another proposal, after lignocellulosic substances such as wood flour and babas palm are dissolved by heating to 100-200 ° C. while reacting with phenols in the presence of an acid catalyst, neutralization is performed by adding barium hydroxide. It has been shown that by separating and removing free phenol by distillation under reduced pressure, a molding resin capable of undergoing a crosslinking treatment similar to a novolak resin or the like can be obtained. It has also been shown that foams can be prepared from lignocellulose solutions obtained by heating lignocellulose materials to 100-200 ° C. while reacting with cyclic esters and polyhydric alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Among the technologies that have been proposed to date, those that are considered to be capable of producing a wooden foam material at low cost, in a simple and low-cost manner, with physical properties comparable to commercially available general foams, use cyclic esters or polyhydric alcohols. This is a method of synthesizing a wood-based urethane foam using a solution obtained by liquefying lignocellulose. However, the content ratio of the wood component of the wood-based urethane foam obtained by the current technology is about 10 to 20% by weight, and the urethane component occupies most. Therefore, environmental problems after disposal cannot be improved, and the manufacturing cost cannot be significantly reduced.
[0014]
Thus, since the foam with few wood components cannot be discarded after use, it is necessary to process using the usual urethane resin recycling technology. With normal urethane resin recycling technology, it is possible to recover raw materials such as polyols and polyamines from urethane resin. However, if the above wood-based urethane foam is treated using this technology, the recovered material will be recovered by wooden components other than urethane resin. Therefore, it becomes difficult to separate and purify the recovered product.
[0015]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a porous wood material that is highly biodegradable and can improve environmental problems caused by disposal.
[0016]
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a wood porous material, which can easily produce the wood porous material as described above at low cost.
[0017]
It is another object of the present invention to provide a useful product using a porous wood material that is highly biodegradable and can be produced at low cost.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
By constructing a porous structure using natural materials without using petroleum-based raw materials, the present inventors can use them as substitutes for foams currently on the market and have a high percentage of wood components. We found that the material can be manufactured.
[0019]
The porous wood material of the present invention is lignocellulose liquefied resin. Foam And the lignocellulose liquefied resin Foam And a plurality of plant swellings adhered to each other.
[0020]
The method for producing a wood porous material of the present invention comprises a step of heating a plant to produce a plant expanded product, a step of heating a wood material in a solvent to produce a lignocellulose liquefied resin, A step of making the lignocellulose liquefied resin porous with the plant expanded product by blending the plant expanded product into the lignocellulose liquefied resin and curing the lignocellulose liquefied resin; A step of foaming the lignocellulose liquefied resin in the porous step to prepare a foam; Have
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In a conventional production method for producing a foam from a woody solution, a normal foaming method such as urethane foaming is used for foaming. For this reason, it is necessary to use conventional petroleum-based chemical raw materials, and the properties of the wood component cannot be fully utilized. In the present invention, the porous material is formed by effectively utilizing the properties of a specific natural material, rather than the foaming means used in the production of conventional foamed resins. This will be described below.
[0022]
Grain seeds such as rice, wheat, and corn are starchy plant fiber bodies that contain water. When heated under certain conditions, the seeds burst due to the vaporization pressure of the internal water, and are composed of porous cellulose such as popcorn. Grain puffs and lumps are obtained. Not only grains but also other plant fiber bodies can be heated and ruptured, foamed, that is, made porous, under the conditions that the vaporization pressure of the contained water is released at once. If the plant swelling obtained by foaming of such a hydrous plant fiber body is used as a skeleton material for constituting a porous structure, the lignocellulose liquefied resin can be made porous. That is, a woody porous material can be obtained by introducing a plant expanded product into a lignocellulose liquefied resin and curing and molding the lignocellulose liquefied resin.
[0023]
That is, the woody porous material of the present invention is characterized by comprising a plant expanded material and lignocellulose liquefied resin as main components. This wood porous material can be further improved according to the required physical properties. For example, the cushioning property can be improved by foaming a lignocellulose liquefied resin in a plastic state, and mixing and curing this with a plant expanded product. Or it is also possible to improve the porosity, elasticity, etc. of lignocellulose liquefied resin by mix | blending a foamable resin with lignocellulose liquefied resin.
[0024]
Hereinafter, the woody porous material of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0025]
The plant expanded material which is the main component of the wood porous material of the present invention, as described above, is porous cellulose obtained by heating and exploding a hydrous plant fiber body, and in particular, straw, straw, rice, wheat It is convenient to use a cereal expanded product obtained by detonating cereals such as corn and soybeans.
[0026]
Lignocellulose liquefied resin, which is another main component, is a resin obtained by proceeding with liquefaction of wooden material by modifying the lignocellulose of the wooden material and elution into the solvent. Various studies have been made so far, and various methods have been proposed. The liquefaction method of the wooden material can be roughly divided into a method of chemically liquefying the wooden material and then liquefying it in a solvent and a method of directly liquefying without chemical modification. A method using high temperature and high pressure conditions, a method using a catalyst, and the like are included. The preparation method of the lignocellulose liquefied resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and an appropriate preparation method can be selected as necessary, but from the viewpoint of production cost and simplicity, without chemical modification. It is preferable to obtain a lignocellulose liquefied resin by a direct liquefaction method. The method of liquefying a wooden material by mixing phenolic or polyhydric alcohols or cyclic esters and an acid catalyst in a wooden material and heating and kneading it in an extruder is a method for continuously converting a wooden material in a short time. Since it can be liquefied and is an advantageous method for industrialization, it is suitable for the production of the woody porous material of the present invention. A mixture of lignocellulose liquefied resin and solvent is obtained by eluting the woody material into a solvent according to various preparation methods, and when the solvent is appropriately distilled off, it becomes a lignocellulose liquefied resin in a plastic state, and when this is cooled, the lignocellulose liquefied resin is Harden. The wood material used as a raw material contains a wood component (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, etc.), for example, wood flour, wood fiber, wood chip, board waste, bark, straw, rice bran, bagasse, pulp, paper, Examples include saccharides. The plasticity and curability of the lignocellulose liquefied resin obtained from the wood material vary depending on the preparation method for obtaining it, but the lignocellulose liquefied resin used for the production of the plant porous material of the present invention is about 100 to 150 ° C. Those that can be plasticized and molded by heating are suitable. You may make it obtain lignocellulose liquefied resin of a preferable property by mix | blending additives, such as a hardening | curing agent, as needed.
[0027]
The woody porous material of the present invention comprising the above-mentioned cured lignocellulose liquefied resin and a plant expanded product as a constituent component is a mixture of the above-described lignocellulose liquefied resin and plant expanded product in a mold. Obtained by curing. Lignocellulose liquefied resin and plant expanded product are uniformly mixed and then injected into a mold to cure, or plant expanded products are introduced into the mold while each of the plant expanded product and plasticized lignocellulose liquefied resin is added. The space between the objects may be filled with a lignocellulose liquefied resin and cured. Alternatively, the grain can be expanded by the heat of the lignocellulose liquefied resin while injecting the grain before foaming and the lignocellulose liquefied resin in a plastic state into the mold.
[0028]
The ratio between the lignocellulose liquefied resin and the plant expanded material in the wooden porous material can be appropriately adjusted according to the physical properties required for the wooden porous material. Increasing the proportion of plant swelling will decrease the density and hardness of the resulting woody porous material.
[0029]
In the woody porous material obtained by curing a mixture of lignocellulose liquefied resin and plant expanded material, lignocellulose liquefied resin acts as a binder. Therefore, it is necessary to improve elasticity or the like depending on the application. In such a case, if the lignocellulose liquefied resin itself is used by foaming, the buffering property and elasticity of the obtained wood porous material are further improved. Foaming of the lignocellulose liquefied resin is possible, for example, by stirring the foamed lignocellulose liquefied resin in a plastic state, and in this method, a foam can be obtained without using a petrochemical. Also preferred is a method of blowing a gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide into a lignocellulose liquefied resin in a plastic state. Alternatively, by using an inorganic foaming agent such as sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium nitrite, azide compound, sodium borohydride, light metal, or the like, or a decomposable foaming agent such as an azo compound, N-nitroso compound or sulfonyl hydrazide compound. The foaming method is also preferable because a biodegradable woody porous material can be obtained.
[0030]
In the case where the foam properties due to foaming of the lignocellulose liquefied resin as described above are not sufficient for the intended application, there is another method in which a water-foamable polyisocyanate resin is blended with the lignocellulose liquefied resin and foamed. . Even in such a case, by forming a porous structure with the plant expanded material, the proportion of the water-foamable polyisocyanate resin, other additives and solvents in the wood porous material is about 10 to 40 wt%. Thus, a porous wood material having a biodegradability significantly higher than that of conventional materials can be obtained.
[0031]
When a foaming agent or a water-foamable polyisocyanate resin is used, the wood porous material can be foamed and molded by referring to a normal urethane foaming method or a phenol resin foaming method. For example, the wood porous material of the present invention is suitably obtained by putting a mixture of a lignocellulose liquefied resin blended with a foaming agent or a water-foamable polyisocyanate resin and a plant expanded product into a mold and foaming and curing. Can be manufactured.
[0032]
The structure of the woody porous material of the present invention can be designed so that the ratio between the lignocellulose liquefied resin and the plant expanded product is partially different. For example, a structure in which the proportion of plant swelling on the surface of the wooden porous material is greater or less than the inside, a structure in which the proportion of plant swelling on one side of the wooden porous material is greater or less than the other side, and the like. Since plant swollen has water absorption, if the outer surface of the container is made of lignocellulose liquefied resin and the plant swollen product is exposed slightly on the inner surface, it can be used for products with high water content such as fresh food. It is suitably used as a container. Moreover, after manufacturing a wood porous material from lignocellulose liquefied resin and a plant expansion material, it is also possible to change the shape by surface treatment or recoating, for example by apply | coating lignocellulose liquefied resin to the surface.
[0033]
As can be understood from the above, the wood porous material of the present invention can be used in a wide range because of its characteristics and various applications. For example, building materials such as wall boards, soundproofing / absorbing materials, heat insulation materials, shock absorbing materials, furniture boards, various containers, flowerpots and planters, packaging containers and cushioning materials, cigarette filters, air conditioners and air cleaners It can be used effectively for filters, speaker covers, fresh food trays, water absorption and waterproof sheets, etc. When used in a flower pot or a planter, the plant can be planted in the soil as it is without being taken out from the flower pot or the like, which is convenient for carrying a plant.
[0034]
Since the porous wood material of the present invention is a material that does not cause environmental problems due to disposal, it is convenient to use as a material of a product that is easily neglected for collection and reuse. There is a buffer member. Conventional shock-absorbing members are one-way type products manufactured according to the shape of the product to be packed, so they are low in versatility and are discarded as they are after use. Decrease. Therefore, a buffer member in a form that can be easily reused will be described below.
[0035]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a usage pattern of a buffer member according to the present invention. In this example, a buffer member is used as a corner pad, and a plurality of corner pads P, P ′, P ″,... Are used in combination as appropriate. As shown to (a), it is the shape which comprises the concave surface 1 and the convex surface 3 by forming one angle | corner with three mutually perpendicular | vertical flat plates, and corner pad P, P ', P ".... As shown in (b), the concave surfaces 1 ′, 1 ″,... And the convex surfaces 3, 3 ′,. As shown in c), corner pads P and P ′, which are appropriately combined so as to support the product G while maintaining a predetermined distance between the packaging container C and the product G, are arranged at each corner of the packaging container C. If the product is a box-shaped product G, Different corners can be accommodated by adjusting the combination of corner pads. Each corner pad P, P ′, P ″,... Has a similar size as shown in FIG. Or they may be the same. Each corner pad may have a concave surface and a convex surface, and may have different thicknesses.
[0036]
The corner pad of FIG. 1 can be applied so that it can be used for packing products other than the box shape. For example, when packing a product having a curved surface, the shape of the concave surface 1 of the corner pad P that contacts the product is formed into a curved surface that matches the outer shape of the product so that the corner pad fits into the product. The convex surface 3 and other corner pads P ′, P ″,... May be the same as in FIG. 1. In this way, if only the corner pad P that contacts the product is replaced according to the shape of the product. The other corner pads P ′, P ″,... Can be used in common. Therefore, it is possible to deal with various product packaging by using a plurality of types of corner pads P to be exchanged according to the outer shape of the product to be applied and common corner pads P ′, P ″... When the shape of the corner pad is standardized in a manner, the necessity of changing the design of the buffer member for each product is reduced, the versatility is improved, and the amount of the buffer member that cannot be used due to breakage is also reduced.
[0037]
The buffer member of FIG. 1 can improve strength by using a reinforcing member in combination. This reinforcing member is formed so as to form one corner by three thin layers perpendicular to each other using a high-strength thin layered material as in FIG. 1A, and is narrowed between two corner pads. Used by embedding. As a material, it can select suitably from materials suitable for reinforcement, such as metals, such as stainless steel, ceramics, resin, and wood ceramics. Multiple types of materials may be used. A net-like material made of a hard metal such as stainless steel is excellent in terms of weight reduction. If it forms with the board | plate material by lignocellulose liquefied resin, since it has biodegradability together with a reinforcement member, it is a preferable aspect. Alternatively, reinforcing members having exactly the same shape as the buffer member of FIG. 1 can be produced and used in combination.
[0038]
FIG. 2 is an example in which the fitting and fixing properties of the buffer member of FIG. 1 are improved. This buffer member is also constituted by a plurality of corner pads P1, P1 ′, P1 ″,... Different from the buffer member of FIG. 1 in that the recesses 5, 5 ′ for preventing the positional shift of the combined corner pads. , 5 ″,... And protrusions 7, 7 ′, 7 ″,... And concave surfaces 1, 1 ′, 1 ″,... And convex surfaces of the corner pads P1, P1 ′, P1 ″,. 3, 3 ′, 3 ″... When the corner pads are combined, the recesses 5, 5 ′, 5 ″,... And the projections 7, 7 ′, 7 ″,. These sizes are not particularly limited, and even those that are considerably smaller than those disclosed in the drawings work satisfactorily. The shape of the protrusion and the recess is not limited to a hemispherical shape as shown in FIG. 2, and may be a columnar shape, a prismatic shape, a conical shape, a pyramid shape, or the like.
[0039]
In addition, when using together the buffer member of FIG. 2 and the above-mentioned reinforcement member, in order to be able to fit a protrusion and a recessed part, it is necessary to provide the hole which penetrates a protrusion in a reinforcement member.
[0040]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
[0041]
Example 1
The corn was heated and expanded to produce popcorn.
[0042]
On the other hand, 50 g of air-dried cedar wood powder, 100 g of phenol and 3 g of sulfuric acid were weighed in a 500 ml flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a stirrer, heated to 120 ° C. for 1 hour in an oil bath, and then the temperature was raised to 150 ° C. By stirring with a stirrer for 30 minutes, a woody solution in which cedar wood flour was dissolved in phenol was obtained.
[0043]
After adding 2 g of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst to the above woody solution and heating to 80 ° C. for 60 minutes to advance the methylolation reaction, it was neutralized with lactic acid. Castor oil-based ethylene oxide adduct (Resinol F-120, manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was added as a foam stabilizer at a ratio of 3% by weight to this neutralized product, and the solvent was distilled under reduced pressure by heating to 80 ° C. By leaving, a lignocellulose liquefied resin composition (non-volatile content 78% by weight) was obtained.
[0044]
To 10 g of the above lignocellulose liquefied resin composition, 0.15 g of phenolsulfonic acid as a curing agent, 0.15 g of azodicarbonamide as a foaming agent and 0.30 g of alkylresorcinol as a reaction accelerator were added and stirred vigorously. In addition to the above, it was put into a mold, heated to 100 ° C., foamed and cured, and taken out from the mold to obtain a wood porous material.
[0045]
The density of the obtained porous wood material is 38 kg / m. ^Three The compression hardness (10% compression) was 100 kPa.
[0046]
(Example 2)
Popcorn and lignocellulose liquefied resin compositions were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0047]
Air was blown into 10 g of the lignocellulose liquefied resin composition using a whisk to obtain a creamy lignocellulose liquefied resin composition. To this was added 53 g of popcorn, and 0.15 g of phenolsulfonic acid was mixed as a curing agent with vigorous stirring, and the mixture was put into a mold and cured to obtain a wood porous material.
[0048]
The density of the obtained porous wood material is 43 kg / m ^Three The compression hardness (10% compression) was 92 kPa.
[0049]
(Example 3)
Popcorn and wood solution were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0050]
10 g of the woody solution was distilled under reduced pressure to distill off the solvent not bonded to the woody component. 8 g of water was added thereto and dissolved to obtain a resin aqueous solution. 1% by weight of ammonium carbonate was added to the aqueous resin solution, sprayed onto the surface of 53 g of popcorn, put into a mold, and cured by hot air drying to obtain a wood porous material.
[0051]
The density of the obtained porous wood material is 40 kg / m ^Three The compression hardness (10% compression) was 107 kPa.
[0052]
Example 4
The corn was heated and expanded to produce 53 grams of popcorn and put into a mold.
[0053]
On the other hand, a 500 ml flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a stirrer is charged with 100 g of air-dried cedar wood flour and 200 g of a uniform mixture of polyethylene glycol 400 / glycerin (4: 1) with 0.12 g of 98% sulfuric acid added in advance. After heating to 150 ° C. for 10 minutes in an oil bath, heating was continued for 50 minutes while stirring with a stirrer to obtain a woody solution in which cedar wood flour was dissolved in a solvent.
[0054]
To the above-mentioned wood solution, 1% by weight of triethylenediamine of the wood solution as a foaming catalyst, and 3% by weight of modified silicone oil (SH-193, manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd.) as a foam stabilizer, A lignocellulose liquefied resin composition was obtained.
[0055]
The popcorn in the mold is charged with 10 g of lignocellulose liquefied resin composition to fill the gaps in the popcorn, and as a water-foamable polyisocyanate resin, 50% by weight of the lignocellulose liquefied resin composition is 4,4. '-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) was added and mixed, heated to 100 ° C., foamed and cured to obtain a wood porous material.
[0056]
The density of the obtained porous wood material is 37 kg / m. ^Three The compression hardness (10% compression) was 100 kPa, and popcorn was uniformly present in the cured product. Moreover, when the biodegradability test of this hardened | cured material was performed by the soil embedding method, there was a 50% or more weight change in six months, and it was confirmed that it has biodegradability.
[0057]
(Example 5)
Rice, wheat, rice bran and rice cake are each heated and expanded to produce 53 g of plant expanded material for each grain, and the same operation as in Example 4 is repeated except that this is used instead of popcorn. A woody porous material composed of a plant expanded product of each grain, lignocellulose liquefied resin and polyisocyanate resin was obtained.
[0058]
Table 1 shows the results of determining the degree of foaming and buffering capacity of each wooden porous material. The foaming degree is 50 kg / m in density. ^Three Less than A, 50kg / m ^Three The above is B, and the buffer capacity is the buffer coefficient obtained from the maximum acceleration, drop height, and specimen thickness obtained by the drop impact test according to JIS-Z-0236 (= maximum acceleration, specimen thickness / dropping). The case where the height was less than 3.5 was designated as A, and the case where it was 3.5 or more was designated as B.
[0059]
[Table 1]
---------------------
Plant puffed rice Wheat 粟 稗
---------------------
Degree of foaming A A A A
Buffer capacity A A B A
---------------------
(Example 6)
A 500 ml flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a stirrer was charged with 50 g of air-dried cedar wood flour and 90 g of a glycerin / ε-caprolactone (1: 3) homogeneous mixture to which 0.68 g of 97% sulfuric acid had been added in advance. After heating in an oil bath at 150 ° C. for about 1 hour, heating was continued for 1 hour while stirring with a stirrer. The flask was pulled up from the oil bath, and the reaction was stopped by immediately adding the above-described sulfuric acid and a chemical equivalent amount of barium hydroxide octahydrate to stop the reaction, thereby obtaining a wooden solution.
[0060]
Using the above woody solution, a lignocellulose liquefied resin composition and a woody porous material were prepared in the same manner as in Example 4.
[0061]
The density of the obtained porous wood material is 35 kg / m ^Three The compression hardness (10% compression) was 60 kPa.
[0062]
(Example 7)
Rice, wheat, rice bran and rice cake are each heated and expanded to produce 53 g of plant expanded material of each grain, and the same operation as in Example 6 is repeated except that this is used instead of popcorn. A woody porous material composed of a plant expanded product of each grain, lignocellulose liquefied resin and polyisocyanate resin was obtained.
[0063]
Table 2 shows the results of determining the degree of foaming and buffering capacity of each wooden porous material. The criteria for determining the degree of foaming and buffering capacity are the same as in Example 5.
[0064]
[Table 2]
---------------------
Plant puffed rice Wheat 粟 稗
---------------------
Degree of foaming A A A A
Buffer capacity A A B A
---------------------
(Example 8)
Popcorn was produced and placed in a mold in the same manner as in Example 4. Further, a lignocellulose liquefied resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4.
[0065]
10% by weight of lignocellulose liquefied resin composition of popcorn and 50% by weight of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) of lignocellulose liquefied resin composition are mixed by high-speed stirring and put into a mold to popcorn The gap was filled and heated to 100 ° C. to be foamed and cured to obtain a wood porous material.
[0066]
The density of the obtained porous wood material is 35 kg / m ^Three The compression hardness (10% compression) was 90 kPa.
[0067]
Example 9
A lignocellulose liquefied resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4. This lignocellulose liquefied resin composition and 50% by weight of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) of the lignocellulose liquefied resin composition were mixed by high-speed stirring.
[0068]
The above-mentioned lignocellulose liquefied resin is produced from another mouth of the mold in parallel with the popcorn being injected from the container into the mold by exploding the corn in a high-temperature high-pressure container connected to the mold. A mixture of the composition and MDI was injected at the same time to fill the mold, heated to 100 ° C., foamed and cured to obtain a wood porous material.
[0069]
The density of the obtained porous wood material is 37 kg / m. ^Three The compression hardness (10% compression) was 97 kPa.
[0070]
(Example 10)
Two cubes each having a side of 20 cm are produced from the wood porous material obtained in Example 4, and each of these cubes is cut to produce two sets of cushioning members composed of four pieces of corner pads as shown in FIG. did. The length of one side of the corner pad is 20 cm for the maximum pad, 16 cm for the second pad, 12 cm for the third pad, 8 cm for the minimum pad, and the thickness of each is 4 cm.
[0071]
8 corner pads of 2 sets of cushioning members described above are individually placed on the 8 corners of the microwave oven, the microwave oven is supported in the cardboard box for packing, and the cardboard is made in the gap between the microwave oven and the cardboard box The packing material was inserted and packed. When this was subjected to a 10-hour transportation test and then unpacked, no abnormality was found in the microwave oven. The density increase of the buffer member was 1% or less, the compression hardness was almost unchanged, and there was no noticeable deformation, so that it was reusable.
[0072]
(Example 11)
Eight cubes each having a side of 5 cm were produced from the wood porous material obtained in Example 4, and each corner pad was cut out so as to form a concave surface in the shape of a cylinder with a diameter of 30 cm to produce eight pieces of corner pads. .
[0073]
Place the above 8 corner pads at the corners of the electronic rice cooker, support the electronic rice cooker in the packaging cardboard box, and insert the cardboard filler into the gap between the electronic rice cooker and the cardboard box And packed. When this was subjected to a 10-hour transportation test and then unpacked, no abnormality was found in the electronic rice cooker. The density increase of the buffer member was 1% or less, the compression hardness was almost unchanged, and there was no noticeable deformation, so that it was reusable.
[0074]
(Example 12)
A mold for producing a cushioning member having four corner pad pieces each having a shape as shown in FIG. 2 was prepared. The mold hole has a corner pad with a side length of 20cm for the largest pad, 16cm for the second pad, 12cm for the third pad, 8cm for the smallest pad, and a thickness of 4cm for each. Further, a semicircular concave portion and a protrusion having a diameter of 1 cm were formed on the concave surface and the convex surface of the pad.
[0075]
Next, as in Example 4, popcorn was produced and put into a mold, a lignocellulose liquefied resin composition was prepared to fill the gaps in the popcorn, and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) Were added, mixed, heated to 100 ° C., foamed and cured to obtain 8 sets of cushioning members each having 4 sets of corner pads.
[0076]
These 8 sets of cushioning members are placed at each of the eight corners of the microwave oven to support the microwave oven in the packaging cardboard box, and a cardboard filler is inserted into the gap between the microwave oven and the cardboard box. And packed. When this was subjected to a 10-hour transportation test in the same manner as in Example 10 and then unpacked, no abnormality was observed in the microwave oven. The density increase of the buffer member was 1% or less, the compression hardness was almost unchanged, and there was no noticeable deformation, so that it was reusable.
[0077]
(Example 13)
Using a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 15 mm, 8 sets of reinforcing members each including three sets inserted between the four corner pads of the buffer member of Example 12 were produced. The reinforcing material is configured such that three square plates are vertically joined to each other at the end so as to correspond to the concave and convex surfaces of the corner pad, each size being 16 cm on one side of the maximum reinforcing material, The second was 12 cm and the smallest reinforcement was 8 cm.
[0078]
Eight sets of shock-absorbing members sandwiching the above-described reinforcing material between corner pads were placed at eight corners of a 150 L capacity refrigerator, accommodated in a packaging cardboard box, and packed. When this was subjected to a 10-hour transportation test in the same manner as in Example 10 and then unpacked, no abnormality was found in the refrigerator. The density increase of the buffer member was 1% or less, the compression hardness was almost unchanged, and there was no noticeable deformation, so that it was reusable.
[0079]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since a porous material can be produced from lignocellulose liquefied resin without using a petrochemical material, a biodegradable porous material can be provided, and environmental problems due to disposal after use Can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B are views showing an example of a buffer member made of a porous material according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a perspective view of one component part of the buffer member, and FIG. c) Sectional drawing which shows the usage condition of a buffer member.
2A and 2B are diagrams showing another example of the buffer member according to the present invention, in which FIG. 2A is a perspective view of one component part of the buffer member, FIG. 2B is a side view, and FIG. Side view.
[Explanation of symbols]
P, P ', P "... Corner pad
1,1 ', 1 "... concave surface
3, 3 ', 3 "... convex surface
C packing container
G product
P1, P1 ', P1 "... Corner pad
5,5 ', 5 "... recess
7, 7 ', 7 "... Projection

Claims (2)

Wood porous material, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of vegetable puffed product adhered to each other by the foam of the foam and the lignocellulose liquefied resin lignocellulosic liquefied resin. A step of heating a plant body to produce a plant expanded product, a step of heating a wood material in a solvent to generate a lignocellulose liquefied resin, and the plasticized lignocellulose liquefied resin are combined with the plant expanded product Then, the lignocellulose liquefied resin is cured by making the lignocellulose liquefied resin porous with the plant expanded material, and the lignocellulose liquefied resin in the porosification step is foamed to prepare a foam. A method for producing a porous wood material, comprising: a step of :

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