JP3942555B2

JP3942555B2 - Continuously variable transmission

Info

Publication number: JP3942555B2
Application number: JP2003116724A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 幸男椎田
Original assignee: 椎田建設株式会社
Priority date: 2003-04-22
Filing date: 2003-04-22
Publication date: 2007-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2023-04-22
Also published as: JP2004324685A

Description

【０００１】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、非接触で、回転動力を無段階に変速して伝達することが可能な無段変速機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の励磁コイルを使用する無段変速機は、大型機械または精密器機等、多岐に渡り使用され、電気的な回路での無段変速機が主流を成している。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の無段変速機には、何等かの手段で励磁コイルを使用しているため、通電時の発熱が理由で密閉が困難であり、さらに、励磁コイルの保守管理面で、常時、点検を要する等の課題がある。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の無段変速機は、出力軸と、該出力軸と同軸状に配置された入力軸と、前記出力軸に対して垂直状態で出力軸に固定された出力側旋回回転体と、該出力側旋回回転体の一方の面に固定された１つ以上の出力側永久磁石と、該出力側永久磁石が固定された出力側旋回回転体の面と対向するように配置された入力側旋回回転体と、該入力側旋回回転体の面に、前記出力側永久磁石の磁極と相反する磁極が対向するように固定された１つ以上の入力側永久磁石とからなり、前記入力側旋回回転体は、前記入力軸に対して垂直状態を維持し、かつ、前記出力側旋回回転体に対する距離が変化可能に、ばね手段で前記入力軸に取り付けられ、該入力側旋回回転体は、１つ以上の移動用ボールを備え、前記入力軸の外周面には、前記移動用ボールが転動可能な螺旋状の１つ以上のスライド溝を備え、入力軸の回転が、入力側旋回回転体を回転させると共に、入力軸のスライド溝内を前記移動用ボールが移動して前記入力側旋回回転体を出力側旋回回転体に近づかせ、スリップ回転の程度に応じて、入力軸の回転動力を出力軸の回転動力として伝達する。さらに、前記出力側旋回回転体から所定距離以上、接近できないように衝突緩衝手段を備えることが望ましい。回転動力を、非接触で伝達し、機械的構造で自動化され、発熱がなく、密閉を可能とする。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明について、図面に基いて詳細に説明する。図１は、本発明の一実施例の無段変速機を示す斜視図である。図２は、本発明の一実施例の無段変速機を示す断面図である。図３は、図２のＡ−Ａ視断面図である。図４は、図２のＢ−Ｂ視断面図である。図５は、スライド溝を示す拡大断面図である。図６は、図５のＣ−Ｃ視断面図である。本発明の無段変速機は、出力軸１２と、出力軸１２と同軸状に配置された入力軸１と、出力軸１２に対して垂直状態で出力軸１２に固定された出力側旋回回転体１１と、出力側旋回回転体１１の一方の面に固定された図示した例では３つの出力側永久磁石８と、出力側永久磁石８が固定された出力側旋回回転体１１の面と対向するように配置された入力側旋回回転体７と、入力側旋回回転体７の面に、出力側永久磁石８の磁極と相反する磁極が対向するように固定された図示した例では３つの入力側永久磁石８とからなり、入力側旋回回転体７は、入力軸１に対して垂直状態を維持し、かつ、出力側旋回回転体１１に対する距離が変化可能に、バネ固定板２および引張バネ４で入力軸１に取り付けられ、入力側旋回回転体７は、図示した例では２つの移動用ボール６を備え、入力軸１の外周面には、移動用ボール６が転動可能な螺旋状の図示した例では２つのスライド溝５を備え、入力軸１の回転が、入力側旋回回転体７を回転させると共に、入力軸１のスライド溝５内を移動用ボール６が移動して入力側旋回回転体７を出力側旋回回転体１１に近づかせ、スリップ回転の程度に応じて、入力軸１の回転動力を出力軸１２の回転動力として伝達する。さらに、出力側旋回回転体１１から所定距離以上、接近できないように衝突緩衝手段を備える。衝突緩衝手段は、図示した例では、位置決めストッパー９と圧縮バネ１０からなる。このように、入力軸１の回転速度が上昇することにより、入力側永久磁石８と出力側永久磁石８同士を接近させ、結合力を回転動力伝達手段とすることで、非接触となり、変速時のショックがなく、静粛にしてスムーズな回転が得られる。また、出力軸１２の急激な回転数変化に対しては、入力軸１とのスリップ回転で対応することにより、安全保守の手段となる。入力軸１の回転が加速する時、および高速で回転する時には、入力側旋回回転体７の回転により、圧縮バネ１０が縮んで、出力側永久磁石８と入力側永久磁石８の接近間隙を最小として牽引力が上昇し、速やかに、追従回転が起きる。人力軸１の制止時には、圧縮バネ１０と引張バネ４が共に機能し、出力側永久磁石８と入力側永久磁石８同士が確実に分断される。また、入力側旋回回転体７の軸受部にベアリング３を設け、連結棒１４を、入力側旋回回転体７に摺動可能に、出力側旋回回転体１１に固定し、入力側旋回回転体７の姿勢制御手段とする。
【０００６】
スライド溝５の傾斜角度により、移動用ボール６の移動距離が決定され、傾斜角度を増す程、入力側旋回回転体７の移動は速くなり、位置決めストッパー９へ衝突する衝撃が大きくなる。傾斜角度は、適宜に設定し、また、回転動力の入力は、入力軸１または入力側旋回回転体７の双方共が使用可能で、各種の無段変速機の利用に対応することができる。
【０００７】
入力軸１と出力軸１２は、出力側旋回回転体１１の位置で間隙を設けて対向する状態で、同軸状に配置され、出力側旋回回転体１１は、キー１３にて出力軸１２に固定され、入力軸１に、入力側旋回回転体７が移動するためのスライド溝５が、適宜な傾斜角度で設けられる。入力側旋回回転体７に固定されている移動用ボール６が、スライド溝５に沿って、入力軸と共回りしながら移動することにより、入力軸１に対して入力側旋回回転体７が回転しつつ、出力側旋回回転体１１の方へ移動する。
【０００８】
出力側旋回回転体１１と入力側旋回回転体７に複数の永久磁石８を対向して固定し、永久磁石の牽引力を利用して、回転動力の伝達とし、入力軸１に固定された位置決めストッパー９に備える圧縮バネ１０により、入力側旋回回転体７の急激な移動を吸収し、さらに、入力軸１の回転が加速する時、および高速で回転する時には、圧縮バネ１０が縮んで磁気結合を高めることにより、スリップ回転の程度を軽減する。バネ固定板２は軸受３を介して入力軸１と同軸状に回転可能に取り付けられ、入力側旋回回転体７に固定した連結棒１４が、バネ固定板２に開けられた孔の中を摺動可能とする。以上のような構造により、入力側旋回回転体７は、入力軸１に対して垂直な状態を維持し、僅かに回転しつつ、出力側旋回回転体の方へ移動することができる。
【０００９】
以下に、本発明の無段変速機の動作について説明する。入力軸１の回転に伴い、入力側旋回回転体７に固定された移動用ボール６がスライド溝５と係合することにより回転すると共に、移動用ボール６がスライド溝５の中を移動することにより、入力側旋回回転体７が出力側旋回回転体１１の方に移動し、入力側永久磁石８と出力側永久磁石８との牽引力でさらに接近し、スリップ回転を伴いながら、磁気的結合により回転動力を出力軸に伝達する。入力軸１の回転が加速する時、および高速で回転する時には、入力側旋回回転体７がさらに出力側旋回回転体１２の方に移動することにより、磁気的結合が高まり、スリップ回転の程度を軽減する。従って、速やかな従動回転へ移行することになり、また、出力軸１２の急激な回転数の変動に対しては、入力軸１とのスリップ回転で対応することができるので、変速時のショックがなく、連続的な加減速回転をすることが可能となる。
【００１０】
入力軸の制止では、圧縮バネ１０および引張バネ４の復元力により、入力側旋回回転体７が出力側旋回回転体１２から遠ざかるように移動することにより、出力側永久磁石８と入力側永久磁石８との磁気的結合が減少し、入力側旋回回転体７は、引張バネ４により初動位置に戻る。以上のように、全体が機械的に構成されて作用し、磁力とバネのバランスで機能するため、回転動力の伝達が非接触で行われるため、振動、騒音、発熱等の発生がない。
【００１１】
【発明の効果】
入力軸が低速で回転する間は、スリップ回転が頻繁に起きて、回転動力が伝達されず、入力軸の回転が加速する時、および高速で回転する時は、スリップ回転が最小となり、回転動力が最大に伝達される。このように、入力軸の回転速度の変化に伴い、入力軸の回転速度に対する出力軸の回転速度の比である変速比が、無段階に変化することとなる。従って、全体が機械的に構成されて作用し、電気的な回路などを使用しないために、過度の発熱がなく、本発明の無段変速機は、密閉することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例の無段変速機を示す斜視図である。
【図２】本発明の一実施例の無段変速機を示す断面図である。
【図３】図２のＡ−Ａ視断面図である。
【図４】図２のＢ−Ｂ視断面図である。
【図５】スライド溝を示す拡大断面図である。
【図６】図５のＣ−Ｃ視断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１入力軸
２バネ固定板
３軸受
４引張バネ
５スライド溝
６移動用ボール
７入力側旋回回転体
８入力側永久磁石、出力側永久磁石
９位置決めストッパー
１０圧縮バネ
１１出力側旋回回転体
１２出力軸
１３キー
１４連結棒[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention is a non-contact, relates the rotational power to the continuously variable transmission capable of shifting to transmit continuously.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A continuously variable transmission using a conventional excitation coil is large machines or precision equipment such as is used over a wide range, the electrically controlled continuously variable transmission of the circuit is the mainstream.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventional continuously variable transmission, because it uses an exciting coil with some kind of means, heat generation during energization is difficult sealed reason, further, in the maintenance surface of the exciting coil, at all times, the inspection There is a problem such as need.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A continuously variable transmission according to the present invention includes an output shaft, an input shaft arranged coaxially with the output shaft, an output-side turning rotary body fixed to the output shaft in a state perpendicular to the output shaft, One or more output-side permanent magnets fixed to one surface of the output-side swivel rotator, and input-side swivel arranged so as to face the surface of the output-side swivel rotator to which the output-side permanent magnet is fixed The input-side swivel rotation is composed of a rotating body and one or more input-side permanent magnets fixed on the surface of the input-side swivel rotating body so that the magnetic poles opposite to the magnetic poles of the output-side permanent magnets face each other. The body is attached to the input shaft by spring means so as to maintain a vertical state with respect to the input shaft and the distance to the output-side swivel rotating body can be changed. The above moving balls are provided, and the moving balls are disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the input shaft. Provided with one or more movable spiral slide grooves, the rotation of the input shaft rotates the input-side turning rotary body, and the moving ball moves in the slide groove of the input shaft so that the input-side turning The rotating body is brought close to the output-side turning rotating body, and the rotational power of the input shaft is transmitted as the rotational power of the output shaft according to the degree of slip rotation. Furthermore, it is desirable to provide a collision buffering means so that it cannot approach the output side turning rotator for a predetermined distance or more. Rotational power, transmitted in a non-contact, automated mechanical structure, heat is not to allow the sealing.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a slide groove. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. The continuously variable transmission of the present invention includes an output shaft 12, an input shaft 1 arranged coaxially with the output shaft 12, and an output-side turning rotary body fixed to the output shaft 12 in a state perpendicular to the output shaft 12. 11, in the illustrated example fixed to one surface of the output-side turning rotator 11, the three output-side permanent magnets 8 are opposed to the surface of the output-side turning rotator 11 to which the output-side permanent magnet 8 is fixed. In the illustrated example, the input side swivel rotator 7 and the input side swivel rotator 7 are fixed on the surface of the input side swivel rotator 7 so that the magnetic poles opposite to the magnetic poles of the output side permanent magnet 8 face each other. The spring fixing plate 2 and the tension spring 4 are composed of a permanent magnet 8 so that the input-side turning rotator 7 maintains a vertical state with respect to the input shaft 1 and the distance to the output-side turning rotator 11 can be changed. Is attached to the input shaft 1 and the input-side turning rotator 7 is shown in the illustrated example. Two movement balls 6 are provided, and the outer peripheral surface of the input shaft 1 is provided with two slide grooves 5 in the illustrated spiral shape on which the movement balls 6 can roll, and the rotation of the input shaft 1 is input. The side turning rotator 7 is rotated, and the moving ball 6 moves in the slide groove 5 of the input shaft 1 to bring the input side turning rotator 7 closer to the output side turning rotator 11, depending on the degree of slip rotation. Thus, the rotational power of the input shaft 1 is transmitted as the rotational power of the output shaft 12. Furthermore, a collision buffer means is provided so that it cannot approach the output side turning rotator 11 beyond a predetermined distance. The collision buffering means includes a positioning stopper 9 and a compression spring 10 in the illustrated example. Thus, by the rotation speed of the input shaft 1 is raised to approximate the output side permanent magnet 8 between the input side permanent magnet 8, by a rotational power transmission means bonding strength, non-contact, and the time shift no shock, Ru smooth rotation is obtained in the quietness. Further, a sudden change in the rotational speed of the output shaft 12 is handled by a slip rotation with the input shaft 1 , thereby providing a means for safety maintenance . When the rotation of the input shaft 1 is accelerated and at a high speed, the compression spring 10 is contracted by the rotation of the input side turning rotator 7, and the approach gap between the output side permanent magnet 8 and the input side permanent magnet 8 is minimized. As a result, the traction force increases and a follow-up rotation occurs promptly. When the human power shaft 1 is stopped, the compression spring 10 and the tension spring 4 function together, and the output-side permanent magnet 8 and the input-side permanent magnet 8 are reliably separated. Further, the bearing 3 is provided in the bearing portion of the input-side turning rotator 7, and the connecting rod 14 is fixed to the output-side turning rotator 11 so as to be slidable on the input-side turning rotator 7. The attitude control means.
[0006]
The moving distance of the moving ball 6 is determined by the inclination angle of the slide groove 5, and as the inclination angle is increased , the input side turning rotary body 7 moves faster and the impact that collides with the positioning stopper 9 increases . Tilt angle is appropriately set, also the input rotational power may be both of the input shaft 1 or the input side turning rotary member 7 is available and corresponds to the use of various continuously variable transmission.
[0007]
Input shaft 1 and the output shaft 12 is in a state of opposing is provided a gap at the location of the output-side turning rotor 11 are arranged coaxially, the output-side turning rotor 11 is fixed to the output shaft 12 at key 13 is, the input shaft 1, the slide groove 5 for the input-side turning rotary member 7 is moved, Ru provided at an appropriate angle of inclination. The moving ball 6 fixed to the input-side turning rotator 7 moves along the slide groove 5 while rotating together with the input shaft, whereby the input-side turning rotator 7 rotates with respect to the input shaft 1. However, it moves toward the output side turning rotary body 11 .
[0008]
A plurality of permanent magnets 8 are fixed to the output-side turning rotator 11 and the input-side turning rotator 7 so as to face each other, and the traction force of the permanent magnets is used to transmit rotational power, which is a positioning stopper fixed to the input shaft 1. 9 absorbs a sudden movement of the input-side turning rotator 7, and further, when the rotation of the input shaft 1 accelerates and rotates at a high speed, the compression spring 10 contracts and magnetically couples. By increasing it, the degree of slip rotation is reduced. Spring fixing plate 2 is rotatably mounted on the input shaft 1 coaxially with through the bearing 3, the connecting rod 14 fixed to the input side turning rotary member 7, through the drilled hole in the spring fixing plate 2 Make it slidable. With the structure described above, the input-side turning rotator 7 can move toward the output-side turning rotator while maintaining a state perpendicular to the input shaft 1 and slightly rotating.
[0009]
Below, operation | movement of the continuously variable transmission of this invention is demonstrated . As the input shaft 1 rotates, the moving ball 6 fixed to the input-side turning rotator 7 rotates by engaging with the slide groove 5, and the moving ball 6 moves in the slide groove 5. As a result, the input-side turning rotator 7 moves toward the output-side turning rotator 11, approaches further by the traction force between the input-side permanent magnet 8 and the output-side permanent magnet 8, and is magnetically coupled with slip rotation. Rotational power is transmitted to the output shaft. When the rotation of the input shaft 1 is accelerated and when the input shaft 1 rotates at a high speed, the input-side turning rotator 7 further moves toward the output-side turning rotator 12, thereby increasing the magnetic coupling and reducing the degree of slip rotation. Reduce. Accordingly, a transition to quick driven rotation is made, and a sudden change in the rotational speed of the output shaft 12 can be dealt with by a slip rotation with the input shaft 1, so that a shock at the time of shifting is reduced. In this way, continuous acceleration / deceleration rotation can be performed.
[0010]
In stopping the input shaft, the restoring force of the compression spring 10 and the tension spring 4 moves the input-side turning rotator 7 away from the output-side turning rotator 12, thereby causing the output-side permanent magnet 8 and the input-side permanent magnet to move away from each other. 8 is reduced, and the input-side turning rotator 7 is returned to the initial movement position by the tension spring 4. As described above, the entire device is mechanically configured and functions, and functions in a balance between magnetic force and spring. Therefore, transmission of rotational power is performed in a non-contact manner, so that vibration, noise, heat generation, and the like are not generated.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
While the input shaft rotates at a low speed, slip rotation frequently occurs and the rotational power is not transmitted. When the input shaft rotates at a high speed and when it rotates at a high speed, the slip rotation is minimized and the rotational power is reduced. Is transmitted to the maximum. As described above, with the change in the rotation speed of the input shaft, the gear ratio, which is the ratio of the rotation speed of the output shaft to the rotation speed of the input shaft, changes steplessly. Therefore, since the whole is mechanically configured and operates and does not use an electric circuit or the like, there is no excessive heat generation, and the continuously variable transmission of the present invention can be sealed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG . 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing a slide groove.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input shaft 2 Spring fixed plate 3 Bearing 4 Tension spring 5 Slide groove 6 Moving ball 7 Input side turning rotary body 8 Input side permanent magnet, Output side permanent magnet 9 Positioning stopper 10 Compression spring 11 Output side turning rotary body 12 Output shaft 13 key 14 connecting rod

Claims

An output shaft, an input shaft arranged coaxially with the output shaft, an output-side turning rotator fixed to the output shaft in a state perpendicular to the output shaft, and one surface of the output-side turning rotator One or more output-side permanent magnets fixed to the output side, an input-side swivel rotary body arranged to face the surface of the output-side swivel rotary body to which the output-side permanent magnet is fixed, and the input-side swivel rotation The surface of the body comprises one or more input-side permanent magnets fixed so that the magnetic poles opposite to the magnetic poles of the output-side permanent magnets face each other, and the input-side swivel rotating body is It is attached to the input shaft by a spring means so as to maintain a vertical state and the distance to the output-side swivel rotator is variable. The input-side swivel rotator includes one or more moving balls, On the outer peripheral surface of the input shaft, there is a spiral one on which the moving ball can roll. The slide groove is provided, and the rotation of the input shaft rotates the input-side turning rotator, and the moving ball moves in the slide groove of the input shaft to turn the input-side turning rotator into the output-side turning rotator. A continuously variable transmission that transmits the rotational power of the input shaft as the rotational power of the output shaft according to the degree of slip rotation .

2. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, further comprising a collision buffering unit so as not to approach the output-side turning rotary body beyond a predetermined distance .