JP3940115B2 - Radiation measurement system and personal dosimeter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a radiation measurement system and a personal dosimeter.

  The personal dosimeter is carried by each worker to manage the exposure of each worker in a nuclear power plant, a nuclear fuel processing facility, a radiation handling facility, or the like. Specifically, a personal dosimeter is attached to the operator's chest pocket (in the case of men) or abdomen (in the case of women), and the dose rate and integrated dose are measured in this state. Some personal dosimeters output an alarm or generate vibration when the integration rate or integrated dose exceeds a certain value. When such notification is given, the worker confirms the dose rate and accumulated dose displayed on the display unit of the dosimeter and then evacuates from the work area.

  By the way, when an accident or the like occurs in a facility that handles radiation, firefighters, ambulance crews, police officers, and the like enter the facility or the vicinity thereof. Such professionals generally have some knowledge, but it is still desirable to take steps to better manage exposure in sudden situations. In addition, in operations such as reactor demolition, general workers also wear personal dosimeters, but even those who have little knowledge of such radiation need to be sure to manage exposure. In particular, measures to ensure the safety of workers in an emergency are required.

  The dosimeter measurement results include the dose per unit time (dose rate) and the integrated value of the previous dose (integrated dose). The situation is judged after understanding the meaning of these values. Special knowledge and legal knowledge are indispensable. There is a need for measures for grasping an appropriate situation without such knowledge and without knowing how to read the display value. On the monitoring side, if the worker's position and surrounding conditions are known, it is possible to determine job continuation, withdrawal, withdrawal, etc. at an appropriate timing.

JP 61-050085 JP Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-223944 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-262290

An object of the present invention is to enable a management apparatus to obtain measurement results and position information about workers.

  Another object of the present invention is to enable a commander to make an appropriate decision on the management device side.

(1) Preferably, the radiation measurement system calculates a dose rate based on a detection signal from the radiation sensor, a dose rate based on the detection signal from the radiation sensor, and an integration to calculate an integrated dose based on the detection signal from the radiation sensor. Dose calculating means, and notifying means for notifying according to a combination of each value of the dose rate and the accumulated dose.

  According to the said structure, alerting | reporting can be performed according to the combination of the present radiation dose and the exposure dose until then. For example, the notification can accurately determine the situation even for a person with poor technical knowledge.

  Preferably, the notification means outputs a message having a content corresponding to a combination of each value of the dose rate and the accumulated dose. The message may be reproduced by speech synthesis. It is desirable to prepare a plurality of message contents according to the situation, and output an appropriate one according to the situation.

  Preferably, the output period of the message is variably set according to a combination of each value of the dose rate and the accumulated dose. If the output period is varied, the psychological influence level can be adjusted.

  Preferably, the output means determines an increasing tendency or decreasing tendency of the dose rate, and considers the determination result of the increasing tendency or decreasing tendency when outputting the measurement result. Considering the change in dose rate over time, it is possible to provide a more appropriate message.

  Preferably, the output means outputs at least one of output of a voice message, driving of a light emitting element array, generation of vibration, and output of a buzzer sound according to a combination of each value of the dose rate and the accumulated dose. Execute. In particular, it is desirable to select one or a plurality of means from a plurality of means depending on the risk level of the situation.

(2) Preferably, the radiation measurement system is a personal dosimeter carried by an operator, wherein the radiation sensor, a dose rate calculation means for calculating a dose rate based on a detection signal of the radiation sensor, and the radiation An integrated dose calculating means for calculating an integrated dose based on a detection signal of a sensor; and an informing means for informing according to a combination of each value of the dose rate and the integrated dose, wherein the informing means is the worker Near the head of

  According to the above configuration, since the notification is performed in the ear, below the ear, or in the vicinity thereof, even if the level of the ambient sound is high, it is possible to prevent omission. Preferably, the output means is provided in the helmet of the worker. Preferably, the output means is a speaker provided in the helmet of the worker. Helmets are usually worn, and forgetting to wear the reporting means can be prevented if the reporting means is fixed thereto.

(3) Preferably, it is a personal dosimeter composed of a dosimeter body mounted on the worker's body and a head unit provided on the worker's helmet, wherein the dosimeter body is a radiation sensor. And a first communication unit that transmits a measurement result of the radiation sensor, wherein the head unit is output from the second communication unit and the second communication unit that communicates with the first communication unit. Notification means for performing notification according to the measurement result of the radiation sensor.

  According to the above configuration, while performing dose measurement at a site on the body surface defined by laws and regulations, notification can be performed near the head by the head unit. The dosimeter body and the head unit are connected by a wired system or a wireless system, but the latter is desirable. Desirably, the said output means outputs the message of the content according to the combination of each value of the dose rate and integrated dose as said measurement result.

(4) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a system comprising a personal dosimeter for personal exposure management carried by a worker, and a management device for managing the personal dosimeter. The personal dosimeter works according to the radiation sensor provided in the body of the dosimeter to be mounted on the body surface part stipulated by law and the dose rate and the integrated dose based on the detection signal of the radiation sensor. A plurality of means for informing a worker of the degree of danger regarding the current situation, wherein one or more selectively operate according to the degree of danger, and the geographical position of the personal dosimeter A position detector serving as a GPS that detects position information representing the position information, and a first transmission unit that transmits a measurement result of the radiation sensor and the position information, and the management device includes the measurement result and the position information. 1st receiving part which receives Characterized in that it contains.

According to the said structure, the danger degree about the present condition is alert | reported with respect to a worker according to the dose rate and integrated dose based on the detection signal of a radiation sensor by one or several alerting | reporting means. In that case, one or a plurality of notification means selectively operate according to the degree of risk. On the management apparatus side, position information and measurement results for such a personal dosimeter can be acquired, and a dose rate distribution can be obtained using each individual dosimeter for personal exposure management as a monitoring point.

  Preferably, the management device includes a second transmitter that transmits a command, and the personal dosimeter receives a second receiver that receives the command, and a command received by the second receiver in a synthesized voice. Output means for outputting. Preferably, the personal dosimeter further includes an imaging unit, and an image captured by the imaging unit is transmitted from the first transmission unit to the first reception unit. Preferably, the position detector is provided on the operator's head.

  Preferably, the personal dosimeter includes a dosimeter body mounted on a worker's body and having the radiation sensor, and a head unit provided on the worker's helmet and having the position detector.

(5) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is used in radiation measurement system, it is carried by a worker, a personal dosimeter for personal exposure management for transmitting information to the management apparatus, laws The radiation sensor installed in the dosimeter body that is attached to the part on the body surface that is defined in, and the current situation for workers according to the dose rate and the accumulated dose based on the detection signal of the radiation sensor A plurality of means for informing the risk level of the object, and a plurality of notification means in which one or more selectively operate according to the risk level, and GPS for detecting position information indicating the geographical position of the personal dosimeter A position detector, a transmitter that transmits the measurement result of the radiation sensor and the position information to the management device, and a receiver that receives an instruction from the management device.

  Desirably, it has an image pick-up part, and the measurement result, the position information, and the picture imaged by the image pick-up part are transmitted to the management device.

As described above, according to the present invention, measurement results and position information about workers can be obtained in the management device.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a radiation measurement system according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the overall configuration thereof.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the radiation measurement system according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of personal dosimeters 10 and a management device 16 that manages those personal dosimeters 10. Here, the management device 16 is installed in, for example, a central management room or a management center. Each individual dosimeter 10 is carried by a worker working in a radiation handling room, a worker such as a fire brigade, and the like. The personal dosimeter 10 is broadly divided into a main body 14 and a head unit 12 in the present embodiment, which will be described in detail later. The management device 16 is configured by, for example, a computer system. The communication unit 18 is means for performing data communication with a personal dosimeter by wired transmission or wireless transmission, and the communication unit 18 has a transmission function and a reception function. In the present embodiment, the communication unit 18 has an antenna 19 for performing wireless communication.

  The arithmetic processing unit 20 is constituted by a CPU and a predetermined program, and performs arithmetic operations on various data obtained via the communication unit 18 and, if necessary, for each individual dosimeter 10 via the communication unit 18. Means for issuing a predetermined command. A storage unit 22 is connected to the arithmetic processing unit 20, and the storage unit 22 stores measurement results, image information, position information, and the like transmitted from the personal dosimeter 10.

  The input unit 24 is configured by, for example, a keyboard, and the display unit 26 is configured by, for example, a display. A two-dimensional dose distribution may be displayed based on the position information and dose information of each individual dosimeter 10.

  FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the personal dosimeter 10 shown in FIG. As described above, the personal dosimeter 10 includes the main body 14 and the head unit 12. Here, the main body 14 is attached to, for example, an operator's breast pocket, and has a slightly thick shaft shape like a conventional personal dosimeter. On the other hand, the head unit 12 is arranged in an operator's helmet in the present embodiment.

  In the main body 14, the radiation sensor 30 is a semiconductor detector that detects radiation. The output signal from the radiation sensor 30 is amplified by the amplifier 34 and then input to the wave height discriminator 38. The wave height discriminator 38 is for passing only the radiation signal.

  The output signal of each wave height discriminator 38 is input to the microcomputer 46. The microcomputer 46 has a dose rate calculation function and an integrated dose calculation function. In the figure, these functions appear as a dose rate calculation unit 48 and an integrated dose calculation unit 50. Further, the microcomputer 46 has a function of determining the notification condition according to the notification condition table stored in the memory 60. A specific example of the notification condition table will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The communication unit 52 is means for performing wireless communication between the main body 14 and the head unit 12, and communicates with the management apparatus 16 shown in FIG. 1 using the communication unit 52 as necessary. Is established. Of course, communication may be established with the management device 16 via the head unit 12. An antenna 53 is connected to the communication unit 52.

  An LCD 54 as a liquid crystal display is connected to the microcomputer 46. The LCD 54 displays the accumulated dose and dose rate as necessary. Various display forms can be adopted.

  An LED array 56 is connected to the microcomputer 46. The LED array 56 includes three LED elements of red, yellow, and green in the present embodiment. And the operation | movement of those LED elements is controlled according to heights, such as a dose rate, so that it may mention later.

  Conventionally, the dose rate and the accumulated dose are ascertained by confirming the display on the LCD 54, but according to the present embodiment, the operator is placed by the light emission of the LED array 56 together with the output of a message to be described later. It is possible to easily grasp the danger level of the situation.

  A buzzer 58 is connected to the microcomputer 46. The buzzer 58 is driven when a certain condition is satisfied as in the conventional dosimeter. In the present embodiment, the buzzer volume is particularly switched. Although not shown, a vibrator is connected to the microcomputer 46, and it is possible to notify the operator of the danger as physical vibration by vibrating the vibrator.

  The memory 60 is composed of an EPROM or the like, and stores the detected measurement values as necessary in addition to the above-described notification condition table. Incidentally, the main body 14 may be provided with a transducer for performing infrared communication with an external device.

  In the head unit 12, the communication unit 64 is a unit that is connected to the antenna 65 and establishes communication with the communication unit 52 of the main body 14 or the communication unit 18 of the management device 16. A microcomputer 66 is connected to the communication unit 64, and the operation of each component is controlled by the microcomputer 66. The voice synthesizer 68 is means for electronically synthesizing the message shown in FIG. 3 later in accordance with the notification conditions output from the main body 14 and outputting the synthesized voice to the speaker 70. A plurality of messages are prepared in advance, and an appropriate message is selected in accordance with the situation, and notification is performed using the message.

  The microcomputer 66 is connected to a GPS 72 as a position information detector, and the GPS 72 can detect the geographical position information of the personal dosimeter. The microcomputer 66 is connected to a CCD 74 as an image pickup device, and an image picked up by the CCD 74 is taken into the microcomputer 66.

  The head unit 12 is provided with a battery 76 for driving each component, while the main body 14 is also provided with a battery 62. Of course, one battery may also be used to supply power.

  Incidentally, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the voice synthesizer 68 is provided in the head unit 12, but its function is provided in the main body 14, and a message is transmitted to the head unit 12 as a signal. The speaker 70 may be driven by the above.

  Further, the function of the speech synthesizer may be provided in the management device 16, and a command may be given from the management device 16 to the head unit 12. That is, the management device 16 is provided with the function of a speech synthesizer.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the notification condition is determined according to the notification condition table in the main body 14, but the condition determination may be performed by the head unit 12 or the management device 16. That is, the notification condition may be determined by the management device 16.

  In addition, according to the configuration example shown in FIG. 2, the notification condition can be determined in the main body 14, and the notification means on the main body 14 and the speaker in the head unit 12 can be driven, so that there is an advantage that rational control can be performed. . In particular, even if some kind of communication failure occurs, according to the present embodiment, there is an advantage that the situation can be reliably notified by the combined use of various notification means.

  Next, notification conditions will be described with reference to FIG. The horizontal axis of the table shown in FIG. 3 is the integrated dose, which is divided into three categories of 0 to 20 mSv, 20 to 80 mSv, and 80 mSv or more. Moreover, the vertical axis | shaft of the table shown in FIG. 3 is equivalent to a dose rate, and it is 0.1 mSv / h or less, 0.1-1 mSv / h, 1 mSv / h-20 mSv / h, and 20 mSv / h or more. It is divided into categories. The notification conditions are determined as shown in the figure according to the correspondence between these sections. This will be specifically described below.

  First, when the integrated dose is in the range of 0 to 20 mSv and the dose rate is 0.1 mSv / h or less, the message indicated by * 1 is output once every 10 minutes. Here, the message is “safe”. Of course, such a message is an example, and various other messages can be adopted. The same applies to other messages. Along with this message output, a green LED is lit under this condition. Such voice messages and LED displays allow the operator to clearly recognize that the current situation is within the safe range. In particular, since the situation can be directly perceived by the operator by a voice message, it is possible to avoid problems such as misrecognition of display colors and other notifications.

  Next, when the dose rate is 0.1 to 1 mSv / h in the same cumulative dose range as above, the same * 1 message is output once every 10 minutes and the green LED is lit. Is done. That is, the notification is executed under the same conditions as described above. On the other hand, when the dose rate is 1 mSv / h to 20 mSv / h in the same integrated dose range as described above, the message * 2 is output once every 60 seconds, and the yellow LED is turned on at the same time. That is, a message such as “There is a lot of radiation” is output. Here, the expression that the radiation rate is high without saying that the dose rate is high is selected from terms that can be easily understood by non-experts as much as possible.

  When the dose rate is 20 mSv / h or more at the same cumulative dose as above, the message * 3 is output once every 40 seconds, along with the red LED, and the buzzer at a lower volume. Is driven. Here, the message of * 3 is, for example, the content “There is very much radiation”.

  On the other hand, when the integrated dose is 20 to 80 mSv, the following notification conditions are used.

  First, in the case of 0.1 mSv / h or less, different notification conditions are set depending on whether the current dose rate is decreasing or increasing. Here, if it is decreasing, the dose rate has been high in the past, but it is determined that the dose rate is very low at the present time, so the message * 6 is output and the red LED blinks. The buzzer is turned off. Here, for example, the message * 6 has a content “Safe area”. This is output once every 10 minutes, for example. By the way, the reason why the red LED is blinked is to keep the operator informed of the fact that the accumulated dose is quite large.

  On the other hand, if there is an increasing tendency under the same conditions as described above, the message * 4 is output, for example, three times at a predetermined interval, and then the message * 6 is output once every 10 minutes. Here, the message * 4 is “the exposure dose has approached the limit value”, and after this is output three times, the same “safe area” message is output periodically. The red LED blinks and the buzzer is turned off. That is, while notifying the worker that the amount of exposure is large, the operator is informed that he is currently in the safety area.

  If the integrated dose is 20 to 80 mSv and the dose rate is 0.1 to 1 mSv / h, the above message * 4 is output once every 40 seconds, and the red LED blinks along with this. The buzzer is driven at a low volume.

  Further, if the dose rate is 1 mSv / h to 20 mSv / h under the same conditions as described above, messages of * 4 and * 2 are alternately output every 20 seconds. That is, the operator recognizes that the accumulated dose is large and the dose rate is high. At the same time, the red LED blinks and the buzzer is driven at a low volume.

  Also, if the dose rate is 20 mSv / h or more under the above conditions, * 4 and * 3 messages are alternately output every 20 seconds. Here, as described above, the red LED blinks and the buzzer is driven at a low volume.

  Next, the case where the accumulated dose is 80 mSv or more will be described. First, if the dose rate is decreasing in the case of 0.1 mSv / h or less, the message * 6 is notified once every 10 minutes, and the red color is also displayed. LED blinks, the buzzer is turned off, and the vibration of the vibrator is also turned off. On the other hand, if the dose rate tends to increase, the message * 5 is notified three times at a predetermined interval, and then the message * 6 is notified once every 10 minutes. Here, the message * 5 has a content of “Retreat”. At the same time, the buzzer is turned off and the vibration of the vibrator is also turned off.

  On the other hand, if the dose rate is 0.1-1 mSv / h under the same cumulative dose as above, the message * 5 is notified once every 40 seconds, the red LED blinks, and the buzzer sounds. Driven at high volume. This notification condition is the same in the case of 1 mSv / h to 20 mSv / h and 20 mSv / h or more. However, the notification interval of the message of * 5 is switched between 20 seconds and 10 seconds, and this has a psychological effect.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, an appropriate notification unit can be operated according to the combination of the value of the accumulated dose and the value of the dose rate, and an appropriate situation can be grasped by the operator. It is. In particular, according to the present embodiment, there is an advantage that multifaceted notification can be performed by combining one or a plurality of other notification means on the basis of output of a message based on speech synthesis. Therefore, it is possible to further improve the safety of the worker.

  In particular, the content of the message is set so that it can be reliably compared within an allowable limit, so that appropriate exposure management based on laws and regulations can be performed. By the way, in addition to the output of messages registered in advance above, a special message of the commander may be output from the management device 16, and the duties are forcibly abandoned even for those with a strong sense of justice. Evacuation can be promoted. In this case, since the position information and image information are collected in addition to the measurement results, the commander has the advantage of being able to make an appropriate decision, and valuable information is also collected for later verification. There is an advantage that you can.

  In other words, if the measurement results, position information, and image information are transmitted from the personal dosimeter to the management device 16, there is an advantage that the commander can make the judgment appropriately.

  Next, FIG. 4 conceptually shows a configuration example of the head unit 12 shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 4, a position detector 72 as a GPS is provided on a helmet 102 that is worn on the operator's head. As shown in the drawing, the position detector 72 is provided particularly at the top of the helmet 102. A battery 76 is mounted on the side of the helmet 102, and an antenna 65 is erected on the basis of the battery case. The center portion of the helmet 102 is provided with a CCD 74 as an image pickup device. On the other hand, the FPC 100 is built in the wall of the helmet 102, and electronic circuits such as a microcomputer and a voice synthesizer are mounted on the FPC 100. FPC is a flexible printed circuit board. A speaker 70 is provided on the side of the helmet 102 while being positioned at the right position of the operator. Of course, the configuration example shown in FIG. 4 is an example, and other configuration examples can be adopted.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a radiation measurement system according to the present invention. It is a block diagram of the personal dosimeter which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of an alerting | reporting condition table. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a head unit.

Explanation of symbols

  10 personal dosimeters, 12 head units, 14 bodies, 16 management devices.

Claims (8)

A personal dosimeter for personal exposure management carried by an operator, and a management device for managing the personal dosimeter,
The personal dosimeter is
A radiation sensor provided in the dosimeter body to be attached to a part on the body surface specified by law ;
A plurality of means for notifying the worker of the danger level of the current situation according to the dose rate and the integrated dose based on the detection signal of the radiation sensor, wherein one or a plurality are selectively selected according to the danger level A plurality of informing means for operating;
A position detector as a GPS that detects position information representing the geographical position of the personal dosimeter,
A first transmitter for transmitting the measurement result of the radiation sensor and the position information;
Including
The management apparatus includes a first receiving unit that receives the measurement result and the position information. The system of claim 1, wherein
The management apparatus includes means for obtaining a dose rate distribution using each personal dosimeter as a monitoring point based on the measurement results and the position information transmitted from a plurality of personal dosimeters. The system of claim 1, wherein
The management device includes a second transmission unit that transmits a command,
The personal dosimeter includes a second receiving unit that receives the command, and an output unit that outputs the command received by the second receiving unit in a synthesized voice. The system of claim 1, wherein
The personal dosimeter includes an imaging unit,
The radiation measurement system, wherein an image captured by the imaging unit is transmitted from the first transmission unit to the first reception unit. The system of claim 1, wherein
The radiation measurement system, wherein the position detector is provided on a head of the worker. The system of claim 1, wherein
The personal dosimeter is
The dosimeter body;
A head unit provided on a helmet of an operator and having the position detector;
A radiation measurement system comprising: A personal dosimeter for personal exposure management used in a radiation measurement system, carried by an operator and transmitting information to a management device,
A radiation sensor provided in the dosimeter body to be attached to a part on the body surface specified by law ;
A plurality of means for notifying the worker of the danger level of the current situation according to the dose rate and the integrated dose based on the detection signal of the radiation sensor, wherein one or a plurality are selectively selected according to the danger level A plurality of informing means for operating;
A position detector as a GPS that detects position information representing the geographical position of the personal dosimeter,
A transmitter for transmitting the measurement result of the radiation sensor and the position information to the management device;
A receiving unit for receiving an instruction from the management device;
A personal dosimeter characterized by including. The personal dosimeter according to claim 7,
Furthermore, it has an imaging unit,
The personal dosimeter, wherein the measurement result, the position information, and an image captured by the imaging unit are transmitted to the management device.

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