JP3933175B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an illumination device using a semiconductor light source such as an LED.

  In recent years, display devices using LEDs have been used in various places. In this case, 1 to 3 types of LEDs are arranged in a dot matrix, and each LED blinks to display a still image, a moving image, characters, and the like. Such a display device has a luminance of several hundreds of candela per square meter when used indoors and several thousand candela per square meter when used outdoors. Moreover, the light source used for these display apparatuses achieves a function when a person visually recognizes the blinking pattern of the light source.

In addition, in the case of using a plurality of LEDs having different emission colors for one dot, the color to be visually recognized is changed by changing the blinking time of each LED, and the number of colors that can be displayed is small. It is called multi-color, and more than 160,000 colors are called full color.
For this full color, LEDs of three colors of red, green, and blue are used in accordance with human visibility. Using these three color LEDs, for example, when red and green are lit for the same time, a color mixture is performed such that an amber color is obtained.

  Next, the incandescent light source is a very excellent light source having a continuous spectrum and a color rendering index of 100 when irradiated with an object. However, even if its energy efficiency is high, it is about 14 lm / W. The incandescent light source can be easily dimmed, but dimming with one lamp means lowering the temperature of the filament, and in this case, energy efficiency is exponentially deteriorated. Therefore, use for a long time in a dimmed state is a waste of energy.

  Since the emission spectrum of an incandescent light source is determined by the law of nature, there is currently no easy method other than using a filter to extract colors other than white, and a large loss of energy is inevitable.

In addition, this light source emits a large amount of heat and infrared radiation. Infrared rays have many harmful effects such as altering the irradiated object, and the emitted heat limits the shape of the instrument, making it difficult to produce a small instrument. In downlights and the like, the airtightness of the room is broken by a hole opened due to the necessity of heat dissipation, and noise enters the other room.

  Furthermore, the life of an incandescent light bulb, which is an incandescent light source, is short, usually 1000 to 2000 hours. In order to extend the lamp life beyond this, it is necessary to lower the filament temperature, and as described above, the energy efficiency is significantly reduced.

Next, a discharge light source, that is, a fluorescent lamp, an HID, and the like are highly efficient and generally have a large amount of light. Further, except for some HIDs, it is white and has a high color rendering index. However, in the fluorescent lamp, various emission colors can be obtained by changing the phosphor. In this case, the light color is fixed. In order to obtain a variable color, it is necessary to dimm a plurality of fluorescent lamps that emit light in different colors, but the luminous efficiency is sacrificed by the dimming.

The life of a fluorescent lamp is usually several thousand hours. Although dimming is possible, since heating of the filament is necessary, there is a problem that energy efficiency becomes very poor when dimming to about several percent.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-68205

  Both incandescent light sources and discharge light sources are highly energy efficient when maximizing or emitting large amounts of light. When dimming by dimming, the energy efficiency becomes significantly worse. This is contrary to the idea of dimming to save energy when not needed. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an illumination device suitable for energy saving without greatly changing energy efficiency regardless of the amount of light.

The invention according to claim 1 is an illumination light source in which a plurality of semiconductor light sources of different luminescent colors are arranged, means capable of controlling the light quantity of each semiconductor light source, a battery, and a device for switching the power source to a battery in the event of a power failure The means for controlling the light quantity of each of the semiconductor light sources reduces the light quantity when the battery is driven by a power failure and turns off the red and blue semiconductor light sources and turns on the other semiconductor light sources. It is characterized by continuing .

The invention according to claim 2, in the invention according to the first aspect, the light amount is controllable means of the respective semiconductor light sources, and wherein the at battery driving dynamic power outages in which gradually reduce the amount of light To do.

Further, by using a semiconductor light source such as an LED, the surface of the light source does not become a high temperature and is a safe lighting device that is not damaged by an impact or the like. Furthermore, by controlling the lighting time, flashing time, and flashing pattern of the semiconductor light source, the amount of light can be controlled without reducing energy efficiency.

In addition, the illuminating device which concerns on this invention includes the structure as described below. The above-mentioned certain purpose according to the present invention is that the irradiated light is reflected by the irradiated object, and the object is to recognize the irradiated object, and that the reflected light can be visually recognized to the same extent as when irradiated with natural light. This means that the amount of light is the brightness at which the irradiated object can be visually recognized, and the light intensity that can be dimmed, but for indoor lighting, has a maximum illuminance of 100 lx (lux) or more at 2 m away. For local lighting such as the above, it means a brightness of 300 lx or more at a distance of 30 cm. The light quality means that the best average color rendering index is 85 or more even when the color can be adjusted.

  The control means according to the present invention may be capable of dimming continuously from 0 to 100%, or may be capable of dimming by step dimming or thinning lighting. The means for obtaining the predetermined light color is to dimm each of a plurality of semiconductor light sources of different emission colors, and the predetermined light color can change the color temperature between 2000K and 6000K. What can be done is preferred.

  In the present invention, a means to indicate the direction in which a person should move, such as a guide light, may be added.

In the present invention, there is a means for dimming by on-duty control, and the duty control has a sufficiently high frequency so as not to give a flickering feeling to the person and indicates the direction in which the person moves. In order to adjust the color, each light source may be blinked with different phases, or may be provided with means for blinking in time division. The above means may be used to further have means for fading in and fading out.

In the present invention, a means for performing normal lighting in a normal state and switching to an emergency mode in an emergency such as a disaster, a fire, or a power failure may be added. Further, when there is no person, when there is a person, when there is an object to be irradiated with light other than the person (for example, animals and plants), or when there is no person, there is a means for changing the light irradiation mode. Good.

In the present invention, the illumination light source may be integrated with the ceiling panel to block the air flow between the room and the back of the ceiling and have a soundproofing effect. Moreover, the illumination device for showcases provided with the said illumination light source with narrow light distribution, and a means to color-tune may be sufficient. Furthermore, the illumination light source having a surface temperature of 40 ° C. or lower may be used as an illumination lamp for a handrail or a foot lamp.

  In the present invention, as means for obtaining the predetermined light color, when dimming each of a plurality of semiconductor light sources having different emission colors, three or more types of transparent materials having different refractive indexes are used in order to obtain white light. It may be a combination.

  According to the present invention, when a power failure occurs, the driving time (lighting time) by the battery power source can be lengthened by reducing the amount of light to, for example, about 1%, or necessary for obtaining a constant driving time. The size of the battery can be reduced.

Reference Example 1 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing Reference Example 1 of the present invention, and will be described using an example applied to a downlight.

As a semiconductor light source, four or more kinds of LEDs 1R, 1G, 1B, and 1Y having different emission colors are arranged in a planar shape. The four types of LEDs 1R, 1G, 1B, 1Y are connected to different power supply devices 2R, 2G, 2B, 2Y for each type. The power supply 2R, 2G, 2B, 2
Y is configured so that the ratio of the lighting time of the connected LEDs 1R, 1G, 1B, 1Y can be changed. These power supply devices 2R, 2G, 2B and 2Y are connected to the control device 3, and the lighting time and lighting timing of the connected LED 1 are controlled by commands or signals of the control device 3. The control device 3 is connected to an operation panel and a switch that are the command input unit 4.

  When information regarding the quality and intensity of light to be irradiated is input from the operation panel 4, the power supply device 2 is controlled accordingly as described above. The operation panel or switch that is the command input unit 4 may be replaced with an external signal line instead of being operated by a person, and the signal line is connected to, for example, a sensor or a security system.

  If the LED 1 has the highest luminance available at present, the illuminance immediately below the downlight can be reduced to about 100 lx (lux) by using about 500 LEDs. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the number of LEDs 1 used in this reference example is about several hundred to 1,000.

In the illuminating device thus configured, if the power supply devices 2R, 2G, 2B, and 2Y are controlled so as to reduce the absolute time while keeping the ratio of the lighting times of the LEDs 1R, 1G, 1B, and 1Y constant, the light is obtained. The illuminance can be adjusted to 0 to 100% while keeping the color constant. And in this reference example, at the time of dimming, since only the lighting time of each LED1R, 1G, 1B, 1Y is changed, there is no big change in energy efficiency.

  Conventionally, when a large number of lighting devices are installed and used, color unevenness due to a lamp may occur. In addition, color shift occurs due to deterioration over time, and color unevenness can occur due to this. Furthermore, if the lamps are not replaced all at once, color irregularities usually occur between the new lamp and the old lamp.

However, when a large number of downlights according to the present reference example are installed, the light color can be finely adjusted by operating the control device 3. Therefore, the light colors of all downlights can be made uniform. Also, when the light color changes over time,
It is possible to return to the original light color by a similar operation.

  (Reference Example 2) This reference example is provided with a human sensor that operates by detecting the presence of a person in the lighting device of Reference Example 1, and the person is not on the spot for work. The lamps with low visibility such as blue and red should not be lit. This makes it possible to maintain a constant illuminance with low power consumption, although the light color becomes unnatural in a place where there is no person. If the human sensor detects a person, the red and blue lights that were turned off will also turn on, providing a natural light color illumination. For example, for reasons of crime prevention, it may be necessary to keep it bright when viewed from a distance even in places where there are no people. The illumination device of this reference example is suitable for such a use.

  The LED does not have a shortened life due to repeated blinking, and the lighting response is fast (it goes on within a few milliseconds from the off state), so it can be turned on in a very short time after the sensor reacts. .

  (Embodiment 1) In this embodiment, a battery and a device for switching the power source to a battery in the event of a power failure are added to the lighting device of Reference Example 1.

  According to this embodiment, when a power failure occurs, it is possible to lengthen the driving time (lighting time) by the battery power source by reducing the amount of light to, for example, about 1%, or necessary to obtain a certain driving time. It is possible to reduce the size of the battery. Moreover, if this lighting device is installed, it becomes possible to identify an object at the time of a power failure even if an emergency light is not installed.

In normal lighting, the illuminance of the floor surface is set to about 50 to 200 lx, but even if it is about 1% as described above, 0.5 to 2 lx is secured, and the object can be discriminated. Furthermore, by turning off the lamps with low visibility such as blue and red, even when the illuminance is 1%, the power consumption is 0.5.
% Is possible.

In the present embodiment, the battery does not necessarily have to be built in when performing the normal illumination and the emergency illumination with the same device. This is because, for example, a power storage device or a private power generation device may be installed in the facility itself. Even in such a case, since the capacity of the storage battery or the private power generator is usually small, it is important that each lighting device can be dimmed with high efficiency.

  (Reference Example 3) This reference example is an example of a lighting device that can perform step dimming or step toning. In the lighting device of the reference example 1, LEDs 1R, 1G, 1B, and 1Y are grouped. As shown in FIG. 2, connection is made through a diode 5 and connection is made through a multi-contact type switch 6 so that “disconnection” and “energization” are performed for each group. According to this, it is possible to perform dimming or toning with only a simple multi-contact type switch 6.

  Reference Example 4 This reference example is an example of a lighting device capable of continuous light control.

In Reference Example 1, the downlight has been described, but the same is possible in applications other than the downlight. In other words, each different type of LED is connected and connected, and is driven by a power supply having a pulse-like waveform. A power source is provided for each of the different types of LEDs. The on time and off time of the power waveform are controlled by a control device. The period of the pulse is set high enough not to make the human eye feel flicker. The minimum is about 1000 Hz. The control unit is connected to the arithmetic unit and the control panel. Thereby, toning and dimming can be performed. The calculation unit calculates an LED lighting pattern that is optimal for obtaining a desired color temperature and the like while taking into consideration illumination indices such as color rendering properties and DUV, and implements this.

  (Reference Example 5) This reference example is an illumination in which all LEDs are connected and connected in Reference Example 4 and controlled by a single power source, but color adjustment is not possible, but only continuous light control is possible. A device can be realized. If the ratio of the on / off time of the power supply pulse is changed, the luminous flux changes in proportion to the ratio.

  (Reference Example 6) As shown in FIG. 3, this reference example is an apparatus that linearly arranges LEDs (not shown) according to the present invention on a handrail portion 7 such as a staircase to illuminate the staircase, passage, and handrail. is there.

According to this reference example, the apparatus can be reduced in size and can be easily installed on a curved portion. Since the light emitting surface of the LED does not reach a high temperature, it is not injured even if it is directly touched by a hand. Furthermore, it configured to allow decimation lit, if allowed to be driven at etc. battery, such as during a power failure, a long time, it is possible to serve emergency guide lights.

Furthermore, by using four or more LEDs, it is possible to irradiate natural white light, and it is possible not to give an uncomfortable feeling to the color of the interior. Moreover, if it blinks sequentially, it is also possible to display the evacuation direction of the stairs (whether it should go up or down). Furthermore, energy can be saved by reducing the illuminance when there is no person using a human sensor or a touch sensor.

  (Reference Example 7) In this reference example, as shown in FIG. 3, an LED (not shown) according to the present invention is linearly arranged on a side surface 8 or a stepped portion 9 of a staircase to illuminate the foot of the staircase. The outline of the configuration is the same as in Reference Example 6. In addition, when installing in the level | step-difference part 9, it is possible to call attention with respect to a level | step difference by blinking. Of course, the ones installed at these feet need to be strong enough for the cover, but even if the cover is damaged by an impact, the glass of the lamp will not be damaged like a conventional lamp, and it is safe. .

  (Reference Example 8) As shown in FIG. 4, this reference example is characterized in that four or more colors of LEDs (not shown) are linearly arranged at the boundary 10 between the ceiling and wall surface of the hallway. is there. The outline is the same as in Reference Example 7.

  By configuring in this way, it is possible to realize a white light illuminating device that is good in design and in which the luminaire itself is not conspicuous. As described in Reference Example 7, it is possible to perform thinning-out lighting in an emergency or to use a self-propelled guide light.

  Reference Example 9 FIG. 5 shows Reference Example 9, in which the lighting device described in Reference Example 4 is used for a showcase. The illumination device 11 can be installed as several units in the showcase 12, and in this case, different parts in the showcase can be irradiated with different light sources. This utilizes the fact that the irradiation angle of the LED is small. As a result, even the objects placed in the same showcase can be illuminated with the best light color. In the figure, 13 is a controller.

  (Reference Example 10) In this reference example, for example, in the downlight shown in Reference Example 1, a portion in which four or more kinds of LEDs are grouped is repeatedly arranged. Each unit has a structure that can be dimmed and toned. Thus, normally, only the illumination is performed by controlling all parts equally, but it is possible to display symbols, characters and the like as necessary.

(Embodiment 2) This embodiment is, for example, such as in down lights as shown in Example 1, the battery driving motion of the power failure, as shown in FIG. 6, and so gradually reducing the illuminance It is characterized by this. This can be realized by using the mechanism of continuous light control described above. Because of this, there is a certain level of brightness immediately after the power failure until the eyes get used to the darkness, so there is no problem in identifying the objects, and after the eyes get used to the darkness, it is reduced to the minimum illumination. , it is possible to extend the drive time of the at etc. battery.

  (Reference Example 11) This reference example is composed of LEDs of four or more colors, and at least one of the LEDs emits near infrared rays. Reference Example 3 and Reference Example 4 With the configuration described above, it is configured so that color matching is possible. Further, the lighting pattern can be controlled by a timer or a human sensor.

The purpose of this lighting device is when there is a foliage plant in a house where people tend to be absent during the day, or in a public space where sunlight is insufficient until the inside. By irradiating with light of a necessary wavelength, it is possible to save wasteful energy consumption and promote plant growth.

  Table 1 shows an example of the basic pattern of lighting control, and is an example in the case of using five color LEDs.

  When daylight is sufficient and there is a person, only the LED of light having a necessary wavelength is irradiated to the person. Also, when the daytime sunshine is sufficient and there are no people, all the LEDs are turned off. When daylight is insufficient and there are people, all LEDs are turned on, including near infrared rays necessary for plants. Furthermore, when the daytime sunshine is insufficient and there are no people, only the near-infrared and blue LEDs necessary for the plant are irradiated.

  (Reference Example 12) In this reference example, as shown in FIG. 7, the LED light source 1 is embedded in a ceiling panel building material 14 in advance, and wiring is also preliminarily wired in the ceiling panel 14 and connected plug 15 have. The construction is such that the panel 14 may be disposed on the ceiling surface while the connecting plug 15 is connected. The characteristics of the configuration of the LED light source 1 are the same as those described in Reference Example 1.

According to this reference example, since the light source 1 is previously installed on the ceiling panel 14, a large number of lamps can be installed without an extra construction step. Moreover, the illuminating device which can obtain uniform floor surface illumination can be provided by installing many LED light sources 1 in the ceiling panel 14 everywhere. Therefore, when the minimum floor surface illuminance is determined, illumination is possible without consuming extra energy due to uneven illuminance. Further, this reference example has a feature that it is easy to clean because the surface is flat.

(Reference Example 13) FIG. 8 shows Reference Example 13, in which LEDs 1R, 1G, and 1B having different emission colors are arranged in different directions with respect to the dichroic prism 16, and the difference in refractive index depending on the wavelength of light is used. Thus, the prism 16 can be output from one direction. With this configuration, the light emitted from the LEDs 1R, 1G, and 1B is well mixed and white is obtained.

It is a block diagram which shows the reference example 1. FIG. 12 is a simplified diagram showing Reference Example 3. FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram showing Reference Example 6 and Reference Example 7. FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram illustrating Reference Example 8. FIG. It is a simplified diagram showing an embodiment according to claim 2. FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram for explaining Reference Example 11. 14 is a simplified diagram illustrating Reference Example 12. FIG. 16 is a simplified diagram showing Reference Example 13. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Semiconductor light source 2 Power supply device 3 Control apparatus 4 Command input part

Claims (2)

An illuminating device comprising an illuminating light source in which a plurality of semiconductor light sources of different luminescent colors are arranged, a means capable of controlling the light quantity of each semiconductor light source, a battery, and a device for switching the power source to a battery in the event of a power failure. The means capable of controlling the light amount of each of the semiconductor light sources is to reduce the light amount when the battery is driven due to a power failure, and to turn off the red and blue semiconductor light sources and continue lighting the other semiconductor light sources. A lighting device. The amount of light is controllable means of the respective semiconductor light sources, the lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that gradually reduce the light amount at the time of battery driving dynamic power outages.

Images