JP3930379B2 - Measurement data analysis apparatus and analysis method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for analyzing measurement data, and in particular, analyzes measurement data of structural members of a large structure such as a large ship where operations such as processing are performed in a state different from the original installation state, The present invention relates to a measurement data analysis apparatus and analysis method for instructing a field worker to perform work.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 6, structural members such as plate members used for large structures such as large ships are originally installed in a part of the structure 50 as members 52 (hereinafter “original installation”). Called "state").
On the other hand, when processing operations such as welding are performed on these structural members 52, it is difficult to secure a sufficient working space, so the structural member 52 is supported by a support 54 as shown in FIG. Work is performed in a state where it is easy to work. For this reason, the installation state (hereinafter referred to as “working state”) of the structural member 52 is different from the original installation state or the CAD design installation state of the structural member 52 described above.
In addition, since these structural members 52 are of the order of a thickness of several tens of millimeters with respect to the length in the longitudinal direction of the members of several hundred meters, the members are in a working state during work such as processing of the members. If installed, the member is greatly deflected due to the influence of its own weight or the like according to its installation state, and is greatly deformed (see FIG. 7).
Therefore, in the processing work and assembly work of structural members in large structures such as large ships, the deformation of the member shape according to the working state of such structural members also affects the processing precision and assembly precision of the structural members. This is also a major factor in reducing work efficiency.
For this reason, it is considered by those skilled in the art as the most influential factor in the deformation of the member shape in order to improve the working efficiency while increasing the processing accuracy and assembly accuracy of the structural member in the large structure. Focusing on the weight of the member, it is necessary to quantitatively clarify the influence of the weight on the shape of the member by measurement data or the like. In addition, it is necessary to make good use of these measurement data in field work.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the processing work and assembly work of structural members in large structures such as large ships, it takes time and effort to obtain theoretical analysis data and actual measurement data regarding the member shape in consideration of the influence of its own weight as described above. For this reason, the current situation is that these data are not used effectively but rely on the experience and intuition of skilled workers. For this reason, there is a problem that work standardization is not sufficiently established and work efficiency cannot be improved.
At present, the number of skilled workers is decreasing year by year, and there is a serious problem that it is difficult for ordinary workers to continue to inherit skilled skills in the future.
Due to such problems, there is a demand among those skilled in the art to systemize the know-how of skilled techniques so that the skilled techniques can be reproduced by general workers other than skilled workers.
[0004]
Therefore, the present invention has been made based on a request from the prior art, and measurement data of structural members of a large structure such as a large ship in which processing such as processing is performed in a state different from the original installation state. An object of the present invention is to provide a measurement data analysis apparatus and analysis method for analyzing and instructing a field worker to perform work based on these analysis data.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the first invention of the present invention is a measurement data for analyzing measurement data of structural members of a large structure in which processing such as processing is performed in a state different from the original installation state. A first input means for inputting measurement data of the shape of the structural member installed in the working state and the installation state; a first storage means for storing the measurement data; and the measurement data. An analysis that calculates the shape of a structural member without the influence of its own weight by defining an arbitrary curved surface of a structural member installed in the working state by applying a curvature line analysis based on differential geometry and applying a two-dimensional beam problem and means, second input means for inputting the design data of the target shape of the structural member, a second storage means for storing the target design data, the shape and the target shape of the structural member removed the influence of the self-weight Comparison, and a calculation means for calculating the difference, characterized in that having a.
[0009]
A second invention of the present invention is a measurement data analysis method for analyzing measurement data of a structural member of a large structure in which work such as machining is performed in a state different from the original installation state, A first input step for inputting measurement data of the shape and installation state of the installed structural member, a first storage step for storing the measurement data, and a curvature line analysis based on differential geometry using the measurement data By defining an arbitrary curved surface of the structural member installed in the working state and applying the two-dimensional beam problem, the analysis step for calculating the shape of the structural member without the influence of its own weight, and the target shape of the structural member meter to a second input step, comparing a second storage step of storing the target design data, the shape and the target shape of the structural member removed the effect of the own weight, to calculate the difference of inputting design data It is characterized by having a step.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram showing a system of an embodiment of a measurement data analyzing apparatus according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a measurement data analysis apparatus 1 that analyzes data measured with respect to a structural member installed in a working state in a large structure is provided with each measuring device for the structural member installed in the working state in a large structure. An input means 2 including a keyboard and a mouse for inputting measured measurement data, a CPU 4 for executing a measurement data analysis program 14 (details will be described later), and a RAM 6 for storing data on the way of analysis and analysis results Connected to the output means 8 such as a display or a printer for displaying or printing analysis results and work instructions based on the analysis results, the memory file 10, the input means 2, the CPU 4, the RAM 6, the output means 8 and the memory file 10. And a bus line 12 to be connected.
[0013]
The memory file 10 also includes a measurement data analysis program 14 for executing processing of measurement data, measurement data 16 relating to a structure in an actual working state of a structural member and an assembly work state, and structural members determined by CAD design. CAD data 18 relating to the target shape and the like is stored.
[0014]
Further, the measurement data 16 specifically includes shape data 20 obtained by measuring the shape of the structural member in the actual structural member processing or assembly work state, and the actual structural member processing or assembly work state installation state. And measured installation state data 22.
Further, the installation state data 22 includes position data 22a obtained by measuring the gravity center position and the support position of the structural member, restraint state data 22b obtained by measuring a restraint state of the structural member such as a restraining force acting on the structural member, It includes material data 22c measured with respect to the mechanical properties of the structural member, thermal stress, residual stress, and the like.
[0015]
Next, FIG. 2 is a flowchart of processing executed in the measurement data analysis apparatus according to the present embodiment.
Here, with reference to FIG. 2, the process of the measurement data analysis program 14 executed in the measurement data analysis apparatus 1 will be specifically described. “S” in FIG. 2 indicates each step.
First, in S1, the posture and installation state of the structural member to be measured in the actual processing and assembly work state are determined.
Next, in S2, a coordinate system is introduced into the shape of the actual structural member by the object three-point method to determine the coordinates of the arbitrary point of the structural member.
In S3, the curvature or length dimension of an arbitrary part of the member is measured from the coordinates of an arbitrary point determined in the coordinate system described above, and the measured data is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2, It is stored as shape data 20 in the measurement data 16.
If necessary, the shape data 20 is analyzed to determine the final shape such as the overall shape of the member, and these data are also stored as the shape data 20.
[0016]
Further, in S4, the position of the center of gravity and the support position of the member are measured by the coordinate system described above, and the measured data is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2, and the position as the installation state data 22 in the measurement data 16 is obtained. Save as data 22a.
In S 4, the restraining force at the measured support position of the actual structural member is also measured, and the measured data is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2, and the installation state data 22 in the measurement data 16 is input. It is stored as certain restraint state data 22b.
Similarly, in S4, the mechanical characteristics of the actual structural member, thermal stress, residual stress, and the like are also measured, and the measured data is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2, and the installation state in the measurement data 16 is measured. Data 22 is saved as material data 22c.
[0017]
Next, in S 5, the target shape of the structural member in the original installation state is designed using CAD, and the designed data is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2 and stored as CAD data 18.
In S6, the installation state data 22 (position data 22a, restraint state data 22b, material data 22c) obtained in S4 and the CAD data 18 obtained in S5 are used to deform the structural member by its own weight. The shape analysis by the finite element method considering the above is performed to determine the target shape of the structural member in the working state.
Further, in S7, data of the analysis result of the member shape (target member shape in the working state) by the finite element method obtained in S6 is stored in the RAM 6 or the CAD data 18. Moreover, these analysis results are output by the output means 10 as needed.
[0018]
Next, in S8, the member shape data obtained by the finite element method analysis stored in the RAM 6 or the CAD data 18 in S7 is called, and the result of the finite element method analysis and the shape data 20 obtained in S3 are used. The member shape is compared with a common coordinate system, and the shape difference is analyzed.
In S9, if it is determined that the shape difference obtained by the shape difference analysis in S8 is not within the tolerance range, the process proceeds to S10, and the actual structural member is used to keep the shape difference within the tolerance range. The output means 8 outputs a processing instruction, such as how much more to be processed.
Further, in S11, when the structural member is processed in accordance with the processing instruction output in S10, the process proceeds to S1 again, and the series of step processing from S1 to S11 is repeated for the processed structural member.
[0019]
In S9, if it is determined that the shape difference obtained in the shape difference analysis in S8 is within the tolerance range, the process proceeds to S12, and the output means 10 indicates that there is no need to perform the processing operation of the structural member. Output and finish the process.
[0020]
As described above, the measurement data analysis apparatus of the present embodiment analyzes the measurement data of the shape and installation state according to the actual working state of the structural member and the CAD data of the target shape of the structural member, Can be compared. For this reason, the influence which the weight of a member etc. has on a member shape can be clarified quantitatively.
Moreover, the measurement data analysis apparatus of this embodiment can also instruct | indicate the process of a structural member based on the result of these shape analysis. For this reason, work efficiency can be improved in the field processing and assembling work of the structural member of a large-sized structure conventionally dependent on the experience and intuition of a skilled worker.
[0021]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The system of another embodiment of the measurement data analysis apparatus according to the present invention is the same as that shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the process of the measurement data analysis program 14 executed in the measurement data analysis apparatus 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Here, in FIG. 3, the same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0022]
First, after S1, in S20, Cartesian coordinates based on the curved surface of differential geometry surface theory (Hosaka Mamoru, modeling of curved surfaces in CAD / CAM, Tokyo Denki University Press, (1996), p90-130). Is introduced into an arbitrary curved surface of the structural member.
Here, the orthogonal coordinate based on this curvature line is demonstrated in detail below.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an arbitrary curved surface of the structural member.
As shown in FIG. 4, a plane 30 (hereinafter referred to as “normal plane”) including a unit normal vector n and a unit tangent vector t at an arbitrary point P on the curved surface of the structural member is surrounded by the unit normal vector n. Is rotated by an angle θ °.
When the rotation angle θ is 0 ° or more and 180 ° or less, the curvature κ (hereinafter referred to as “normal curvature”) at a point P on the intersection line 34 (hereinafter referred to as “normal section”) between the normal plane 30 and the curved surface 32. However, it is clear from the surface theory of differential geometry that there is one point where the maximum or minimum value exists.
[0023]
In the curved surface theory of differential geometry, the normal curvature κmax at which the normal curvature κ is maximum and the normal curvature κmin at which the normal curvature κ is minimum are both defined as “main curvature”.
Further, it has been clarified by the surface theory of differential geometry that each of the maximum normal curvature κmax and the minimum normal curvature κmin, which are the main curvatures, has a property of being orthogonal to each other.
Further, when the tangent line at each point on the curved surface 32 coincides with the direction of the main curvature, this curve is defined as a “curvature line”.
[0024]
Further, according to the curved surface theory of differential geometry, all curved surfaces have an average curvature κm (formula 1) of principal curvatures κmax and κmin and a product κg (formula 2) of principal curvatures κmax and κmin (hereinafter “Gaussian curvature”). It can be expressed using
[0025]
[Expression 1]
κm = (κmax + κmin) / 2
[Expression 2]
κg ＝ κmax ・ κmin
[0026]
FIG. 5 shows the classification of curved surface shapes expressed by combinations of average curvature κm and Gaussian curvature κg.
In S20, first, orthogonal coordinates are applied to the curved surface of the structural member using the two curvature lines that respectively match the directions of the principal curvatures κmax and κmin. The mean curvature κm and the Gaussian curvature κg are calculated from the coordinate data of the orthogonal coordinates of the curvature line fitted on the curved surface of the structural member, and the shape of the arbitrary curved surface of the structural member is determined by the shapes classified in FIG. .
Further, data relating to the shape of the arbitrary curved surface of the determined structural member is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2 in the same manner as S3, and is stored as the shape data 20 in the measurement data 16.
If necessary, the shape data 20 is analyzed to determine the final shape such as the overall shape of the member, and these data are also stored as the shape data 20.
Next, the coordinate data of the orthogonal coordinates of the curvature line fitted on the curved surface of the structural member is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2 as in S4, and the position data 22a which is the installation state data 22 in the measurement data 16 is input. Save as.
Further, the restraining force or the like at the support position of the actual structural member is also measured, and the measured data is input to the memory file by the input means as in S4, and the restraint state which is the installation state data 22 in the measurement data 16 Save as data 22b.
[0027]
Next, in S21, based on the measurement data 16 stored in S3 and S4, an arbitrary element on the curved surface of the structural member installed in the actual working state is appropriately divided by the plane including the curvature line. Dimensional beam element. In this beam element, the shape analysis of the structural member is performed by solving the beam deflection problem in which the influence of its own weight is removed, and the data of the analysis result is stored in the RAM 6.
Here, in the deflection analysis of the beam in which the influence of the above-mentioned weight is removed, the reaction force corresponding to the weight is given to the beam in advance by using the data saved as the restraint state data 22b in S4. Remove the influence.
[0028]
Also, in S22, for the target shape of the structural member that does not consider the influence of its own weight obtained in S5, similarly to S20, using two curvature lines respectively corresponding to the directions of the main curvatures κmax and κmin, The orthogonal coordinates are applied to the curved surface of the structural member.
The coordinate data of the orthogonal coordinates of the curvature line fitted on the curved surface of the structural member is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2 and stored as CAD data 18.
Further, the average curvature κm and the Gaussian curvature κg are calculated from the coordinate data of the orthogonal coordinates of the curvature line fitted on the curved surface of the structural member, and the shape of the arbitrary curved surface of the structural member is calculated according to the shape classified in FIG. Determine.
Data relating to this shape is input to the memory file 10 by the input means 2 and stored as CAD data 18.
[0030]
Next, at S8, to compare the data stored in the result of the data of the shape analysis of definitive to S2 1 stored in the RAM 6 S22, performs shape difference analysis, the process proceeds to S9.
Further, the processing of the steps after S9 is the same processing as in the first embodiment.
[0031]
As described above, the measurement data analysis apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention expresses the characteristics of the curved surface of the structural member by using the curvature line, and removes the influence of its own weight from the data obtained by measuring the curved surface. The shape of the structural member can be analyzed.
In addition, the measurement data analysis apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention can indicate a curved surface to be processed based on a shape difference between an actual shape of a member and a target shape. For this reason, work efficiency can be improved also in the field processing and assembly work of the structural member of a large-sized structure which depended on the experience and intuition of the skilled worker conventionally.
[0032]
In the above-described two embodiments of the present invention, the shape analysis of the actual shape and the target shape of the structural member is performed using a finite element method analysis or a curvature line analysis based on the surface theory of differential geometry. However, the present invention is not limited to these analysis methods, and other analysis methods may be used.
In the two embodiments of the present invention described above, the shape of a member is taken up as an object of analysis using measurement data, and the shape of the member is analyzed. The present invention is not limited to analysis, and other analysis such as stress analysis of members may be performed by appropriately using necessary measurement data.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the measurement data analysis apparatus and analysis method of the present invention, the work is effectively instructed to the field worker based on the measurement data according to the work state of the structural member in the large structure. In addition, the skill level can be reduced and the work efficiency can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a measurement data analysis apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of processing executed in a measurement data analysis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of processing executed in a measurement data analysis apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an arbitrary curved surface of a structural member.
FIG. 5 shows a classification of a curved surface shape expressed by a combination of an average curvature κm and a Gaussian curvature κg.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structural member in an original installation state.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a structural member in a working state.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Measurement data analyzer 2 Input means 4 CPU
6 RAM
8 Output means 10 Memory file 12 Bus line 14 Measurement data analysis program 16 Measurement data 18 CAD data 20 Shape data 22 Installation state data 22a Position data 22b Restraint state data 22c Material data

Claims (2)

A measurement data analysis device for analyzing measurement data of structural members of large structures in which work such as processing is performed in a state different from the original installation state,
First input means for inputting measurement data of the shape of the structural member installed in the working state and the installed state ;
First storage means for storing the measurement data;
Using the above measurement data, a curved line analysis based on differential geometry is used to define an arbitrary curved surface of a structural member installed in the working state, and a structure that removes the influence of its own weight by applying a two-dimensional beam problem An analysis means for calculating the shape of the member ;
Second input means for inputting design data of a target shape of the structural member;
Second storage means for storing the target design data;
A measurement data analyzing apparatus , comprising: a calculation unit that compares the shape of the structural member from which the influence of the self-weight is removed and a target shape, and calculates a difference therebetween. A measurement data analysis method for analyzing measurement data of a structural member of a large structure in which work such as processing is performed in a state different from the original installation state,
A first input step for inputting measurement data of the shape of the structural member installed in the working state and the installation state ;
A first storage step for storing the measurement data;
Using the above measurement data, a curved line analysis based on differential geometry is used to define an arbitrary curved surface of a structural member installed in the working state, and a structure that removes the influence of its own weight by applying a two-dimensional beam problem An analysis process for calculating the shape of the member ;
A second input step for inputting design data of a target shape of the structural member;
A second storage step for storing the target design data;
Measurement data analysis method characterized in that it comprises comparing the shape and the target shape of the structural member removed the influence of the self-weight, a calculation step of calculating the difference, the.

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