JP3915384B2 - Manufacturing method of steel material excellent in pickling property and shaped object for scale modification - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of steel material excellent in pickling property and shaped object for scale modification Download PDF

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JP3915384B2
JP3915384B2 JP2000248732A JP2000248732A JP3915384B2 JP 3915384 B2 JP3915384 B2 JP 3915384B2 JP 2000248732 A JP2000248732 A JP 2000248732A JP 2000248732 A JP2000248732 A JP 2000248732A JP 3915384 B2 JP3915384 B2 JP 3915384B2
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scale
steel material
steel
alkaline earth
earth metal
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JP2002060836A (en
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邦夫 後藤
茂樹 福本
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法、詳しくは、高温に加熱された鋼材に発生するスケ−ルが剥離性、酸溶解性の良好なスケ−ルに改質された鋼材の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鋼材、すなわち鋼帯、鋼管、形鋼、条鋼、線材の熱間加工工程においては、鋼材表面にスケ−ルが発生する。スケールが生じると鋼材の歩留が低下するほか、スケ−ル除去にはショットブラストや酸洗などの費用と工数が必要となる。
【0003】
高温で塑性加工される鋼材、例えば炭素鋼やステンレス鋼の表面には酸化スケ−ルが形成される。炭素鋼の場合、560℃以上の高温になるとFe O、Fe23 、Fe34 の3層からなる酸化スケ−ルが形成される。冷却過程でFe OはαFe とFe34 に共析変態し、常温でのスケールはFe34 を主体としたものとなる。560℃以上の温度領域ではFe O:Fe34 :Fe23 の比は、およそ95:4:1の割合で混合したスケールであるが、鋼材を冷却すると、560℃以下の温度領域で、Fe OがαFe とFe34 とに共析変態する。
【0004】
Fe Oは酸に対する溶解性が良いので酸洗による脱スケールが容易である。他方Fe34 は、酸に対する溶解性がよくないため、酸洗による脱スケール性がよくなく、脱スケールに多大の費用と工数を要する。このように通常の方法で冷却された鋼材は、その表面にFe Oに比べて格段に酸溶解性の悪いスケ−ル(Fe34 とFe23 )を有している。
【0005】
脱スケール性を改善するために、冷却過程におけるFe Oの共析変態を抑制し、常温におけるスケール構造をFe Oを主体とするスケールに改質して、酸洗性を向上する試みが種々検討されてきた。
【0006】
例えば、特開昭53−37539号公報には、熱間圧延終了後、巻取り前の鋼帯温度が550℃以上である段階で、鋼帯表面にアルカリ土類金属の酸化物、炭酸塩、水酸化物を塗布するか、または、これらを0.5%以上混合した冷却水を噴射して鋼帯表面に上記アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、炭酸塩、水酸化物を付着させて巻取る酸洗性の良好な熱延鋼帯の製造方法が開示されている。
【0007】
また、特開昭53−100130号公報には、鋼板の熱間仕上圧延過程においてアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、等の化合物を圧延油に懸濁せしめた状態で鋼板表面に供給してこれらを鋼板表面に付着させることを特徴とする脱スケ−ル性に優れた鋼板の製造方法が示されている。上記方法は、上記懸濁液を熱間圧延ロールと鋼板との界面に供給することにより、鋼板表面への付着を確保しようとするものである。
【0008】
さらに、特開昭54−116308号公報には、Ca 化合物、Mg 化合物の1種または2種以上と、ポリリン酸、ホウ砂の1種または2種以上との混合物をスラブ表面に塗布し、その上に酸化防止剤を塗布した後に所定温度に加熱して熱間圧延することによってFe O中にCa OやMg Oを固溶させ、Fe Oの変態を防止する酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法が記載されている。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら本発明者らの研究結果によれば、これまでに開示されているスケール改質技術は、いずれも十分な効果が得られるものではなかった。鋼材表面に発生する酸化スケ−ルに、アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩、水酸化物、酸化物などからなるスケ−ル改質剤を、単体でもしくは高分子ポリマ−等の分散・付着向上剤と共に水や圧延油中に混合して塗布しても高温状態の鋼材の表面に付着しなかったり、付着しても均一でないためスケ−ル改質による酸洗性向上効果が十分得られない。
【0010】
すなわち、特開昭53−37539号公報あるいは特開昭53−100130号公報に開示された方法では、スケ−ル改質剤が高温の鋼材表面に付着し難いうえ、付着したとしても部分的にしか付着せず、高温鋼材に発生したスケ−ル中のFe Oを常温でも均一にむら無くFe Oのままにすることが困難であった。
【0011】
鋼材表面を均一にスケ−ル改質することができず、部分的にでも酸洗性の悪いFe34 に変態すると、酸洗工程における処理速度はその部分で律速されるため、酸洗時間を短縮することができず、酸洗性の改善が困難であった。
【0012】
鋼材の熱間圧延時には、通常、その前後でスケ−ル噛込み等による疵防止のため高圧水等を用いた脱スケ−ル処理が行われる。また熱間圧延によりスケ−ルが割れて剥離することから、熱間圧延前の加熱過程でスケ−ルを改質しても、そのスケールは熱間圧延により除去されてしまう。また、その後に発生した2次スケ−ルはこのような方法では改質されない。これらのことから、特開昭54−116308号公報に開示された方法は、鋼材を加熱して複数回の加工を施すような加工工程においては、酸洗性の改善効果が得られなかった。
【0013】
以上述べたように、厳しい製品表面品質が要求される今日においては、従来は許容されていた部分的なスケ−ル残りも許されず、これまでの製造方法では、結果的に酸洗時間の短縮は、実現していなかった。
【0014】
本発明の目的は、スケ−ル改質用造形物を用いた剥離性が良く、酸溶解性に優れた酸化スケ−ルを表面に均一に形成した鋼材の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、高温鋼材の表面に発生する酸化スケ−ルを、むら無く均一にスケ−ル改質し、冷却過程で共析変態を抑制し、剥離性が良く、酸溶解性に優れた、即ち酸洗性に優れた酸化スケ−ルを有する鋼材を得る方法について種々研究を重ねた結果、以下の知見を得た。
【0016】
a.アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩、水酸化物、酸化物の1種または2種以上の粉末を、粘結剤を用いて造形して固形物とし(以下、「スケール改質用造形物」と記す)、これを高温の鋼材表面上で摺動させることにより上記造形物を摩耗させる。その結果生じる摩耗粉(剥離粉)は、均一、かつ、確実に鋼材表面に付着する。上記処理を鋼材温度が580℃以上である段階で施すことにより、冷却後の鋼材表面のスケ−ルは均一に改質され、酸洗を施した際の酸洗効率が著しく改善される。また、上記スケール改質用造形物の摺動は、該造形物を連続走行中の鋼材表面に押しつけることで十分である。
【0017】
b.スケール改質用造形物に含有させる上記粉末の粒径と含有量、および、粘結剤の種類と含有量を適切な範囲にすることにより、高温鋼材に押し付けた際の造形物自身の割損、変形、あるいは型崩れなどを防ぐことができる。
【0018】
本発明はこれらの知見を基にして完成されたものであり、その要旨は下記(1)〜(4)に記載の酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法および(5)に記載のスケール改質用造形物にある。
【0019】
(1)アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物からなる群の内の1種または2種以上の粉末60〜95.5質量%とベントナイト、カオリナイト、水ガラス、石膏、セメントからなる群の内の1種または2種以上である粘結剤0.5〜40質量%とからなる造形物を、580℃以上である移動中の鋼材表面に押し付けて、該造形物から発生する摩耗粉を前記鋼材表面に付着させることを特徴とする酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法。
【0020】
(2)前記粉末の平均粒径が0.02〜10μmであることを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法。
(3)前記粘結剤が、少なくともベントナイトを含むことを特徴とする上記(1)または(2)に記載の酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法
【0022】
(4)前記鋼材表面への摩耗粉の塗布量が0.09g/m 以上であることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法。
【0023】
(5)アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物からなる群の内の1種または2種以上の粉末60〜95.5質量%とベントナイト、カオリナイト、水ガラス、石膏、セメントからなる群の内の1種または2種以上である粘結剤0.5〜40質量%とからなるスケール改質用造形物。
【0024】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係るスケ−ル改質造形物は、アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩、水酸化物、酸化物の1種または2種以上の粉末(以下、単に「アルカリ土類粉末」と記す)を粘結剤を用いて固形物としたものである。
【0025】
上記炭酸塩としては、Ca CO3 、Mg CO3 などが好適であり、上記水酸化物としては、Ca(OH)2、Mg(OH)2などが好適である。また、上記酸化物としては、Ca O、Mg Oなどが好適である。
【0026】
これらのアルカリ土類粉末は、その平均粒径が0.02μm以上、10μm以下であるものが好ましい。アルカリ土類粉末の平均粒径が0.02μmに満たない場合には、これをスケ−ル改質造形物に加工し、鋼材表面に押しつけた際に摩耗しやすくなり、付着量の制御が困難になるので好ましくない。平均粒径が10μmを超えるとスケ−ル改質造形物の靭性が低下し、破損や割れが発生しやすくなり、鋼材への塗布作業が困難となるので好ましくない。より好ましくは、0.1μm以上、8μm以下である。
【0027】
スケ−ル改質用造形物中にアルカリ土類粉末が含有されていればスケール改質作用が発揮されるが、酸洗性改善に効果的なスケール改質効果を得るためには、質量%で(以下、%表示は質量%を意味する)10%以上含有させるのが好ましい。より好ましくは30%以上、さらに好ましくは60%以上である。
【0028】
他方、アルカリ土類粉末の含有量が95.5%を超えると、粘結剤が少なくなり、スケ−ル改質用造形物の強度が低下し、均一塗布が困難となることがある。これを避けるためにアルカリ土類粉末の含有量は95.5%以下とするのが好ましい。
【0029】
粘結剤としては、造形物の強度、硬さ、摩耗率、造形のし易さ、耐熱性などを得るために無機粘結剤が好ましい。特にベントナイト、カオリナイト、水ガラス、石膏、セメントなどが好適である。中でも、後述するスケ−ル改質用造形物の成形のし易さの点で、水を膨潤するベントナイトがより好ましい。
【0030】
ベントナイトは、非常に微細な結晶からなる粘土鉱物でモンモリロナイト( (CAl 1.67Mg0.33)Si O10(OH)10)を主成分としたスメクタイト系の含水層状珪酸塩である。通常、それ以外に石英、α−クリストバライト、長石、方解石、雲母などを含んでいる。ベントナイトは、無機質であり熱にも強く約700℃まで安定なため高温の鋼材に接触してもその粘結力を維持し得る。
【0031】
ベントナイトには、交換性陽イオンの種類により、ナトリウムベントナイト(Na+主体、膨潤土とも称する)、カルシウムベントナイト(Ca 2+やMg 2+が主体)などがあるが、いずれを使用してもよい。ナトリウムベントナイトは水中で著しく膨潤、分散して安定な水系コロイドを形成し、カルシウムベントナイトは膨潤力は小さいが吸水速度が大きいという性質がある。アルカリ土類粉末と粘結剤とを混合して所定の形状に造形する際の作業性を考慮すると水に膨潤する膨潤型のベントナイト、例えばナトリウムベントナイトがより好ましい。
【0032】
その他、スメクタイト系の中からバイデライト、ノントロナイト、サポナイト、ヘクトライト、ソ−コナイト、スチブンサイトやイライトなども使用することもできる。
【0033】
カオリナイト(Alx(Si25)(OH)4)は、岩石が物理的、化学的風化作用を受けて結晶化した粘土鉱物である。
通常、ベントナイトやカオリナイトは粉末状であり、200メッシュ(約74μm)前後の粒径のものが不純物も少なく好ましいが、これに限定する必要はない。また、天然に産出される原鉱石を乾燥、粉砕し、微粉末や粒状にしたものでも、人工的に合成されたものでも本発明の効果に変わりはない。
【0034】
セメントは、無機質の膠着剤であり、ポルトランドセメントで代表される水硬性セメント、あるいはキ−ンスセメントやマグネシアセメントで代表される気硬性セメント、さらにはその他の特殊セメントなど、一般に使用されるものであれば特に制限はない。
【0035】
スケール改質用造形物における粘結剤の含有量は、造形性を確保し、造形物の強度や靱性を確保するために、0.5%以上とするのが好ましい。粘結剤の含有量の上限は特に限定するものではないが、粘結剤の含有量を高くしすぎると、得られる造形物が硬くなり過ぎて摩耗しにくくなり、結果的にスケール改質効果が弱くなるので、粘結剤の含有量は40%以下とするのが好ましい。
【0036】
この他、補助粘結剤としてアマニ油、大豆油に代表される植物性乾性油などの油類、デキストリンなどの澱粉類、オ−ジンサルファイドなどの糖類、合成樹脂類のような有機粘結剤を10%以下で有れば含有させても構わない。これら粘結剤は、1種のみでも良いが2種以上を組み合わせて使用しても良い。
【0037】
スケ−ル改質用造形物の製造方法は、アルカリ土類粉末と粘結剤、さらに必要に応じて補助粘結剤あるいは水を混合、混練した後、成形、乾燥させて仕上げる方法や、さらに必要に応じて上記混練物を高圧成形して仕上げる方法などがある。しかし、上記方法に限定されるものではなく、粉末と粘結剤とを用いて固形物に造形する公知の方法が使用できる。
【0038】
スケ−ル改質用造形物の形状や大きさは特に限定する必要はなく、対象とする鋼材の形状や大きさに合わせて適宜決めればよい。
以上のようにして得られたスケ−ル改質用造形物を、移動中の鋼材、例えば連続走行中の鋼材に押し付けるなどの方法で、鋼材表面上で摺動させて摩耗させる。その結果生じる摩耗粉(剥離粉)は、均一、かつ、確実に鋼材表面に付着する。
【0039】
上記処理を施す際の鋼材の表面温度は、580℃以上がよい。580℃未満ではFe34への変態が進行し始めることと、アルカリ土類金属のスケ−ル中への固溶がほとんど生じないことから十分なスケール改質効果が得られない。
【0040】
鋼材表面に対して供給されるスケール改質用造形物の摩耗粉量は、0.09g/m 以上であることが望ましい。0.09g/m 未満では、摩耗率にもよるがスケール改質効果がスケールの表面及び厚さ方向に均一に得られ難くなることがある。
【0041】
上記処理により、該鋼材表面にあるFeO主体のスケ−ルにアルカリ土類金属を拡散、固溶させてスケールをMx Feyz (M:アルカリ土類金属)とする。このように改質することにより、それ以降の冷却条件に関わらず常温でもFe Oのままのスケールを得ることができる。
【0042】
スケ−ルの組成において、アルカリ土類金属であるCa、Mgを固溶したウスタイト(FeO)の体積割合が増加するとスケ−ルと鋼材地鉄との密着性が低下する他、機械的な剥離性が良くなると考えられる。
【0043】
スケール改質用造形物を鋼材表面に塗布する方法は特に限定する物ではなく、任意の方法によればよい。例えば棒鋼の圧延時に塗布する場合の1例を、本発明の実施例を基にして説明する。
【0044】
図1は、本発明の実施例に係る棒鋼の熱間孔型圧延装置の配置図である。図1で符号1は加熱炉、符号2は棒鋼素材、符号3および4は孔型圧延用ロール、符号5は圧延が終了した棒鋼、符号6および7はスケール改質用造形物、符号8は徐冷炉である。
【0045】
棒鋼素材1は加熱炉で所定温度に加熱された後、孔型圧延用ロール3、4で圧延され、その出側でスケール改質用造形物6、7を押しつけられる。圧延された棒鋼の下流側への送給に伴なうスケール改質用造形物の棒鋼表面上での摺動により、棒鋼表面にスケール改質用造形物の摩耗粉が付着する。その後棒鋼は徐冷炉に装入され常温まで冷却される。
【0046】
スケ−ル改質用造形物の鋼材表面への押し付け力は、スケ−ル改質用造形物と鋼材との相対速度やスケ−ル量(厚み)に応じた摩耗粉量等を考慮して適宜決めればよい。好ましい面圧は100N/mm2 以上である。
【0047】
また、本発明にかかる鋼材の種類は、炭素鋼、ステンレス鋼、その他特殊鋼でも同様の効果を得ることが出来る。高温スケ−ルの組成の点で、炭素鋼の場合には特に顕著な効果が得られる。
【0048】
本発明のスケール改質用造形物は、粘結剤で固形化した固体であるので、その取り扱いは極めて容易である。棒鋼・線材などの熱間での条鋼圧延だけでなく熱間での板圧延、鍛造、製管でも本発明にかかる効果を得ることができる。
【0049】
【実施例】
本発明に係るスケ−ル改質用造形物を以下の手順で製造した。
種々のアルカリ土類粉末と、粘結剤としてのベントナイトまたはJIS−K1408に規定される珪酸ナトリウム3号相当品(いずれも市販品)を適量混合し、さらに水を加えて十分混練し、高さ:50mm、幅:50mm、長さ:300mmのブロックに高圧成形して種々の組成のスケール改質用造形物を作製した。
【0050】
次いで、JIS−G4105に規定されるSCM435からなり、直径:11.2mm、長さ:500mmの棒鋼素材を準備した。図1に示す加熱炉1に上記棒鋼素材2を装入して1100℃に加熱し、孔型圧延用ロール3、4により熱間孔型圧延を施して直径:9.4mmの棒鋼5とし、圧延終了後種々の温度に達した段階で、上記スケ−ル改質用造形物6、7を棒鋼の上下面および左右両側面から、棒鋼の先端が通過するのと同時に造形物6、7を棒鋼表面に押し付け、棒鋼の下流側への移送に伴い生じる両者間の摺動作用により生じるスケール改質用造形物の摩耗粉を棒鋼表面に塗布し、その後徐冷炉8に装入して冷却した。
【0051】
図2は、スケ−ル改質用造形物と棒鋼との位置関係を説明する配置図である。長さ300mmのスケ−ル改質用造形物は、長さ方向をパスラインに平行にして、孔型圧延用ロール4の下流側に合計2対配設されている。棒鋼5の上下面に位置する1対のスケ−ル改質用造形物6および棒鋼5の左右に位置する1対のスケ−ル改質用造形物7はいずれも150N/mm2 の押し付け力で棒鋼を挟むように棒鋼に押し付けられる(押し付け装置は図示せず)。
【0052】
比較例として、アルカリ土類金属粉末の含有量が60%未満の場合(試験番号11,12,13,14)、スケール改質用造形物による処理の温度を変更して作製した棒鋼(試験番号15)、熱間孔型圧延直後の棒鋼に、炭酸カルシウムを分散した水をノズルで吹き付けた場合(試験番号16)、または、熱間孔型圧延直後の棒鋼に、炭酸カルシウムを粘度が250cSt/40℃である高粘度精製鉱油に懸濁させたものをノズルで吹き付けた場合(試験番号17)についても評価した。試験番号16または17で使用した懸濁水または懸濁油の炭酸カルシウム含有量は、沈殿が生じない範囲での最大量とし、質量%でそれぞれ1%、25%とした。
【0053】
従来例として、スケール改質剤を使用せず、従来の条件で熱間孔型圧延し、徐冷した棒鋼を作製した(試験番号18)。
得られた棒鋼の表面に付着したスケール改質用造形物粉末の量は、処理前後におけるスケール改質用造形物の摩耗減量と塗布面積から求めた。かつ、得られた棒鋼の酸洗性を以下の方法で調査した。
【0054】
得られた棒鋼の先端および後端それぞれ約100mmを非定常圧延部として切断除去して供試材とし、これらを、塩酸:10%、塩化第1鉄:5%、および、インヒビタ:0.1%を含有する常温の酸溶液に浸漬し、倍率100倍で棒鋼表面を観察してスケールが完全に溶解除去されるまでの時間を測定した。上記各棒鋼の酸洗完了時間を、従来例(試験番号18)で要した酸洗完了時間で除したものを酸洗性評価指数とし、これが小さいほど酸洗性が良好と判断した。スケ−ル改質用造形物の構成内容と評価結果を表1に示す。
【0055】
【表1】

Figure 0003915384
表1からわかるように、試験番号1〜10では酸洗性評価指数が0.4以下であり、従来例(無塗布)に比べて酸洗時間が大幅に短縮された。また、スケールの酸への溶解性を観察したところ、これらの棒鋼のスケールの溶解性は良好であり、鋼材表面のスケールは均一に溶解してスケール残りが無く良好な表面であった。中でも、アルカリ土類金属粉末の平均粒子径が小さく摩耗粉が多く付着した試験番号3では一段と優れた効果が確認された。また、スケール改質用造形物におけるアルカリ土類金属粉末の含有量が多いほど酸洗性は改善された。スケ−ル改質用造形物の棒鋼への塗布量は、粘結剤の含有量にもよるが、0.09g/m 以上の場合に効果が優れることも確認された。スケ−ル改質用造形物を押付ける鋼材の表面温度が800℃に満たない場合には酸洗性改善効果があるものの、800℃以上で処理した場合に比較するとその効果はやや劣ったものであった。
【0056】
スケ−ル改質用造形物を押し付ける鋼材の表面温度が580℃に満たない試験番号15では酸洗性改善効果があまり認められなかった。粘結剤を使用せずアルカリ土類金属粉末を水に分散させた試験番号16、および、高粘度鉱物油に懸濁させた試験番号17では、スケ−ル改質できなかった部分(Fe34 変態が進行した部分)があり、その部分の酸への溶解性が悪く、スケ−ル残りを生じた。このため、酸洗性は従来例(無塗布)に比べそれほど改善されなかった。
【0057】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した通り、本発明にかかる酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法によれば、高温に加熱された鋼材に発生するスケ−ルを剥離性、酸溶解性の良好なスケ−ルに均一かつむら無く改質することができ、その結果、酸洗時間の大幅な短縮を実現することができる。また、本発明のスケール改質用造形物は取り扱いが容易で鋼材表面への均一塗布性に優れているので、鋼材のスケール改質実現に極めて有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例に係る棒鋼の熱間孔型圧延装置の配置図である。
【図2】スケ−ル改質用造形物と棒鋼との位置関係を説明する配置図である。
【符号の説明】
1:加熱炉、2:棒鋼素材、3および4:孔型圧延用ロール、5:棒鋼、6および7:スケール改質用造形物、8:徐冷炉。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a steel material excellent in pickling properties, and more specifically, a steel material in which a scale generated in a steel material heated to a high temperature is modified to a scale having good peelability and acid solubility. It relates to a manufacturing method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the hot working process of a steel material, that is, a steel strip, a steel pipe, a shaped steel, a strip steel, and a wire, a scale is generated on the surface of the steel material. When the scale is generated, the yield of the steel material is lowered, and cost and man-hours such as shot blasting and pickling are necessary for removing the scale.
[0003]
An oxidation scale is formed on the surface of a steel material that is plastically processed at a high temperature, such as carbon steel or stainless steel. In the case of carbon steel, an oxide scale composed of three layers of Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and Fe 3 O 4 is formed at a high temperature of 560 ° C. or higher. During the cooling process, Fe 2 O undergoes eutectoid transformation into αFe and Fe 3 O 4 , and the scale at room temperature is mainly composed of Fe 3 O 4 . In the temperature range of 560 ° C. or higher, the ratio of Fe 2 O 3 : Fe 3 O 4 : Fe 2 O 3 is a scale mixed at a ratio of approximately 95: 4: 1. Thus, Fe O undergoes eutectoid transformation into αFe and Fe 3 O 4 .
[0004]
Since Fe 2 O has good solubility in acid, descaling by pickling is easy. On the other hand, Fe 3 O 4 does not have good solubility in acid, so it does not have good descaling performance by pickling, and requires a great deal of cost and man-hour for descaling. As described above, the steel material cooled by the usual method has a scale (Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 2 O 3 ) whose acid solubility is much lower than that of Fe O on the surface thereof.
[0005]
In order to improve descalability, various attempts have been made to improve pickling performance by suppressing the eutectoid transformation of Fe 2 O during cooling and modifying the scale structure at room temperature to a scale mainly composed of Fe 2 O. It has been.
[0006]
For example, in JP-A-53-37539, at the stage where the steel strip temperature before the winding is 550 ° C. or higher after the end of hot rolling, an alkaline earth metal oxide, carbonate, Apply hydroxide or 0.5% or more of these mixed water sprays to make the alkaline earth metal oxides, carbonates and hydroxides adhere to the surface of the steel strip. A method for producing a hot-rolled steel strip with good pickling properties is disclosed.
[0007]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-100130 discloses a method in which a compound such as an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or the like is suspended in rolling oil in the hot finish rolling process of the steel sheet and supplied to the steel sheet surface. A method for producing a steel sheet excellent in descaling characteristics, characterized by being adhered to the steel sheet surface, is shown. In the above method, the above-described suspension is supplied to the interface between the hot rolling roll and the steel sheet, thereby ensuring adhesion to the steel sheet surface.
[0008]
Further, JP-A No. 54-116308 discloses that a mixture of one or more of Ca compound and Mg compound and one or more of polyphosphoric acid and borax is applied to the slab surface. A steel material excellent in pickling property that prevents CaO and MgO from being dissolved in FeO by heating to a predetermined temperature after applying an antioxidant thereon and hot rolling to prevent transformation of FeO. A manufacturing method is described.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the research results of the present inventors, none of the scale reforming techniques disclosed so far has been able to obtain a sufficient effect. A scale modifier made of alkaline earth metal carbonates, hydroxides, oxides, etc., on the oxide scale generated on the surface of the steel material, and a dispersion / adhesion improver such as a single polymer or a polymer. At the same time, even if mixed and applied in water or rolling oil, it does not adhere to the surface of the steel material in a high temperature state, or even if it adheres, the pickling property improving effect by the scale modification cannot be sufficiently obtained.
[0010]
That is, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-37539 or Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-100130, the scale modifier is difficult to adhere to the surface of the high-temperature steel material, and even if it adheres, it is partially. However, it was difficult to leave the Fe O in the scale generated in the high-temperature steel material uniformly and uniformly at room temperature.
[0011]
If the steel surface cannot be scaled uniformly and transformed to Fe 3 O 4, which is poorly pickled even partially, the processing speed in the pickling process is limited by that part. Time could not be shortened and it was difficult to improve pickling properties.
[0012]
At the time of hot rolling of a steel material, a descaling process using high-pressure water or the like is usually performed before and after that to prevent wrinkles due to scale biting. Further, since the scale is cracked and peeled off by hot rolling, even if the scale is modified in the heating process before hot rolling, the scale is removed by hot rolling. Further, the secondary scale generated thereafter is not modified by such a method. From these facts, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-116308 has not been able to obtain the effect of improving the pickling property in a processing step in which the steel material is heated and processed multiple times.
[0013]
As described above, in today where severe product surface quality is required, the remaining partial scale that has been allowed in the past is not allowed, and the conventional manufacturing method results in shortening the pickling time. Was not realized.
[0014]
The objective of this invention is providing the manufacturing method of the steel material which formed the oxide scale excellent in the peelability using the modeling object for scale modification | reformation, and excellent in acid solubility uniformly on the surface.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have uniformly and uniformly modified the oxide scale generated on the surface of the high-temperature steel material, suppressed the eutectoid transformation in the cooling process, has good peelability, and excellent acid solubility. In other words, as a result of various studies on a method for obtaining a steel material having an oxidation scale excellent in pickling properties, the following knowledge was obtained.
[0016]
a. One or more powders of alkaline earth metal carbonates, hydroxides, and oxides are shaped using a binder to form a solid (hereinafter referred to as “scale-modified shaped product”). ), And the shaped object is worn by sliding it on the surface of the high-temperature steel material. The resulting wear powder (peeling powder) adheres uniformly and reliably to the steel surface. By performing the above treatment at a stage where the steel material temperature is 580 ° C. or higher, the scale on the surface of the steel material after cooling is uniformly modified, and the pickling efficiency when pickling is significantly improved. In addition, the sliding of the scale-modifying shaped article is sufficient by pressing the shaped article against the steel material surface that is continuously running.
[0017]
b. By making the particle size and content of the powder to be included in the scale reforming shaped article and the type and content of the binder into an appropriate range, the molded article itself is damaged when pressed against the high-temperature steel. , Deformation or loss of shape can be prevented.
[0018]
The present invention has been completed on the basis of these findings. The gist of the present invention is a method for producing a steel material having excellent pickling properties as described in (1) to (4) below and a scale modification as described in (5). It is in a quality object.
[0019]
(1) 60-95.5% by mass of one or more powders in the group consisting of alkaline earth metal carbonate, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal oxide and bentonite A moving steel material of 580 ° C. or higher with a shaped product consisting of 0.5 to 40% by mass of a binder that is one or more of the group consisting of kaolinite, water glass, gypsum and cement A method for producing a steel material having excellent pickling properties, wherein the steel powder is pressed against a surface to cause wear powder generated from the shaped article to adhere to the surface of the steel material .
[0020]
(2) The method for producing a steel material having excellent pickling properties as described in (1) above, wherein the powder has an average particle size of 0.02 to 10 μm.
(3) The method for producing a steel material having excellent pickling properties as described in (1) or (2) above, wherein the binder contains at least bentonite .
[0022]
(4) The amount of wear powder applied to the surface of the steel material is 0.09 g / m 2 or more, and the steel material having excellent pickling properties according to any one of (1) to (3) above Production method.
[0023]
(5) 60-95.5% by mass of one or more powders in the group consisting of carbonates of alkaline earth metals, hydroxides of alkaline earth metals, oxides of alkaline earth metals and bentonite A scale-reforming shaped article comprising 0.5 to 40% by mass of a binder that is one or more of the group consisting of kaolinite, water glass, gypsum, and cement .
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The scale-modified shaped article according to the present invention comprises one or more powders of alkaline earth metal carbonate, hydroxide, oxide (hereinafter simply referred to as “alkaline earth powder”). It is a solid using a binder.
[0025]
As the carbonate, Ca CO 3 , Mg CO 3 and the like are preferable, and as the hydroxide, Ca (OH) 2 , Mg (OH) 2 and the like are preferable. Further, as the oxide, Ca 2 O, Mg 2 O and the like are suitable.
[0026]
These alkaline earth powders preferably have an average particle size of 0.02 μm or more and 10 μm or less. When the average particle size of the alkaline earth powder is less than 0.02 μm, it becomes easy to wear when processed into a scale-modified shaped product and pressed against the steel surface, making it difficult to control the amount of adhesion. This is not preferable. When the average particle diameter exceeds 10 μm, the toughness of the scale-modified shaped product is lowered, breakage and cracking are likely to occur, and application work to the steel material becomes difficult. More preferably, it is 0.1 μm or more and 8 μm or less.
[0027]
If alkaline earth powder is contained in the scale reforming shaped article, the scale reforming action is exhibited, but in order to obtain the scale reforming effect effective for pickling improvement, the mass% (Hereinafter, “%” means “% by mass”) It is preferable to contain 10% or more. More preferably, it is 30% or more, and more preferably 60% or more.
[0028]
On the other hand, when the content of the alkaline earth powder exceeds 95.5%, the binder is reduced, the strength of the scale modifying shaped article is lowered, and uniform coating may be difficult. In order to avoid this, the content of the alkaline earth powder is preferably 95.5% or less.
[0029]
As the binder, an inorganic binder is preferable in order to obtain the strength, hardness, wear rate, ease of modeling, heat resistance, and the like of the molded article. Bentonite, kaolinite, water glass, gypsum, cement and the like are particularly suitable. Especially, the bentonite which swells water is more preferable at the point of the ease of shaping | molding of the molded article for scale modification mentioned later.
[0030]
Bentonite is a clay mineral composed of very fine crystals and is a smectite-based hydrous layered silicate composed mainly of montmorillonite ((CAL 1.67 Mg 0.33 ) SiO 2 O 10 (OH) 10 ). Usually, it contains quartz, α-cristobalite, feldspar, calcite, mica and the like. Bentonite is inorganic, resistant to heat and stable up to about 700 ° C., so that it can maintain its caking force even when it comes into contact with high-temperature steel.
[0031]
Depending on the type of exchangeable cation, bentonite includes sodium bentonite (Na + main, also referred to as swollen soil), calcium bentonite (Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ is main), and any of them may be used. Sodium bentonite remarkably swells and disperses in water to form a stable aqueous colloid, and calcium bentonite has the property that the water absorption rate is high although the swelling power is small. In consideration of workability when the alkaline earth powder and the binder are mixed to form a predetermined shape, a swelling bentonite that swells in water, such as sodium bentonite, is more preferable.
[0032]
In addition, beidellite, nontronite, saponite, hectorite, soconite, stevensite, illite, and the like can be used from among smectites.
[0033]
Kaolinite (Al x (Si 2 O 5 ) (OH) 4 ) is a clay mineral obtained by crystallizing rock by physical and chemical weathering.
Usually, bentonite and kaolinite are in powder form, and those having a particle size of around 200 mesh (about 74 μm) are preferable because they have less impurities, but are not necessarily limited thereto. In addition, the effect of the present invention is not changed even if the raw ore produced in nature is dried and pulverized into a fine powder or granule or is artificially synthesized.
[0034]
Cement is an inorganic glue and is generally used for hydraulic cements such as Portland cement, pneumatic cements such as Keynes cement and magnesia cement, and other special cements. If there is no particular limitation.
[0035]
The content of the binder in the scale reforming shaped article is preferably 0.5% or more in order to secure the formability and ensure the strength and toughness of the shaped article. The upper limit of the binder content is not particularly limited, but if the binder content is too high, the resulting molded product becomes too hard and less likely to wear, resulting in a scale-modifying effect. Therefore, the binder content is preferably 40% or less.
[0036]
In addition, organic binders such as linseed oil, vegetable drying oils such as soybean oil, starches such as dextrin, saccharides such as oxine sulfide, and synthetic resins as auxiliary binders. If it is 10% or less, it may be contained. These binders may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0037]
The method for producing a scale-remodeling object is a method of mixing and kneading an alkaline earth powder and a binder, and optionally an auxiliary binder or water, and then molding and drying to finish, There is a method of finishing the kneaded product by high pressure molding as required. However, it is not limited to the said method, The well-known method shape | molded into a solid substance using a powder and a binder can be used.
[0038]
The shape and size of the scale reforming shaped article need not be particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the shape and size of the target steel material.
The scale reforming shaped article obtained as described above is slid and worn on the surface of the steel material by a method such as pressing the steel material being moved, for example, a steel material that is continuously running. The resulting wear powder (peeling powder) adheres uniformly and reliably to the steel surface.
[0039]
The surface temperature of the steel material when performing the above treatment is preferably 580 ° C. or higher. Below 580 ° C., the transformation to Fe 3 O 4 starts to proceed, and since a solid solution of alkaline earth metal in the scale hardly occurs, a sufficient scale reforming effect cannot be obtained.
[0040]
It is desirable that the amount of abrasion powder of the scale modifying shaped article supplied to the steel material surface is 0.09 g / m 2 or more. If it is less than 0.09 g / m 2 , although depending on the wear rate, it may be difficult to obtain a scale modifying effect uniformly on the surface and thickness direction of the scale.
[0041]
By the above treatment, the alkaline earth metal is diffused and dissolved in the FeO-based scale on the surface of the steel material to make the scale M x Fe y O z (M: alkaline earth metal). By reforming in this way, it is possible to obtain a scale that remains Fe 2 O even at room temperature regardless of the subsequent cooling conditions.
[0042]
In the composition of scale, when the volume ratio of wustite (FeO) in which alkaline earth metals Ca and Mg are dissolved, the adhesion between the scale and the steel base metal decreases, and mechanical peeling occurs. It is thought that the sex will improve.
[0043]
The method of applying the scale reforming shaped article to the steel surface is not particularly limited, and any method may be used. For example, one example in the case of application | coating at the time of rolling of steel bar is demonstrated based on the Example of this invention.
[0044]
FIG. 1 is a layout view of a hot-hole rolling apparatus for steel bars according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1, reference numeral 1 is a heating furnace, reference numeral 2 is a steel bar material, reference numerals 3 and 4 are rolls for perforating rolling, reference numeral 5 is a steel bar after rolling, reference numerals 6 and 7 are shaped articles for scale modification, and reference numeral 8 is It is a slow cooling furnace.
[0045]
After the bar steel material 1 is heated to a predetermined temperature in a heating furnace, it is rolled by the rolls 3 and 4 for punch rolling, and the shaped articles 6 and 7 for scale modification are pressed on the exit side. By the sliding of the scale reforming shaped article on the surface of the steel bar accompanying the feeding of the rolled steel bar to the downstream side, the abrasion powder of the scale modifying shaped article adheres to the bar steel surface. Thereafter, the steel bar is charged into a slow cooling furnace and cooled to room temperature.
[0046]
The pressing force of the scale reforming shaped article against the steel surface takes into consideration the relative speed between the scale reforming shaped article and the steel material, the amount of wear powder according to the scale amount (thickness), and the like. What is necessary is just to decide suitably. A preferable surface pressure is 100 N / mm 2 or more.
[0047]
Moreover, the same effect can be acquired even if the kind of steel materials concerning this invention is carbon steel, stainless steel, and other special steel. In the case of carbon steel, a particularly remarkable effect is obtained in terms of the composition of the high temperature scale.
[0048]
Since the scale-modified shaped article of the present invention is a solid solidified with a binder, its handling is extremely easy. The effect according to the present invention can be obtained not only by hot strip rolling of steel bars and wires but also by hot plate rolling, forging, and pipe making.
[0049]
【Example】
The model for scale modification according to the present invention was manufactured by the following procedure.
Mix various alkaline earth powders with bentonite as a binder or sodium silicate No. 3 equivalent product (all are commercially available) specified in JIS-K1408. : 50 mm, width: 50 mm, and length: 300 mm, high pressure molding was performed to produce scale-modified shaped articles with various compositions.
[0050]
Next, a steel bar material made of SCM435 defined in JIS-G4105, having a diameter of 11.2 mm and a length of 500 mm was prepared. The above steel bar material 2 is charged into the heating furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1 and heated to 1100 ° C., and hot perforated rolling is performed using the perforated rolling rolls 3 and 4 to obtain a steel bar 5 having a diameter of 9.4 mm. At the stage where various temperatures are reached after the rolling is completed, the shaped articles 6 and 7 are passed through the scale-reformed shaped articles 6 and 7 from the upper and lower surfaces and the left and right side faces of the steel bar at the same time as the tips of the steel bars pass. Abrasion powder of a scale-reforming shaped article generated by a sliding action between the steel bars, which was pressed against the steel bar surface and transferred along the downstream side of the steel bar, was applied to the steel bar surface, and then charged into the slow cooling furnace 8 and cooled.
[0051]
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the scale reforming shaped article and the steel bar. A total of two pairs of 300 mm-long scale-modifying shaped objects are arranged on the downstream side of the hole-rolling roll 4 with the length direction parallel to the pass line. The pair of scale reforming shaped articles 6 positioned on the upper and lower surfaces of the bar steel 5 and the pair of scale reforming shaped articles 7 positioned on the left and right of the bar steel 5 are both pressed forces of 150 N / mm 2 . Is pressed against the steel bar so as to sandwich the steel bar (the pressing device is not shown).
[0052]
As a comparative example, when the content of alkaline earth metal powder is less than 60% (test numbers 11 , 12 , 13 , and 14) , the bar steel produced by changing the temperature of the treatment with the scale-modification shaped article (test number) 15) In the case where water in which calcium carbonate is dispersed is sprayed with a nozzle on a steel bar immediately after hot hole rolling (test number 16), or on a steel bar immediately after hot hole rolling, the viscosity of calcium carbonate is 250 cSt / The case (test number 17) in which what was suspended in the high viscosity refined mineral oil which is 40 degreeC was sprayed with the nozzle was also evaluated. The calcium carbonate content of the suspension water or suspension oil used in Test No. 16 or 17 was the maximum amount within a range where precipitation did not occur, and was 1% and 25% by mass%, respectively.
[0053]
As a conventional example, a steel bar which was hot-hole-rolled under conventional conditions and slowly cooled without using a scale modifier was prepared (Test No. 18).
The amount of the scale reforming shaped article powder adhered to the surface of the obtained steel bar was determined from the weight loss of the scale reforming shaped article before and after the treatment and the coating area. And the pickling property of the obtained steel bar was investigated by the following method.
[0054]
About 100 mm each of the front and rear ends of the obtained steel bar was cut and removed as unsteady rolled parts to obtain test materials, which were hydrochloric acid: 10%, ferrous chloride: 5%, and inhibitor: 0.1 % Was immersed in a normal temperature acid solution, and the bar surface was observed at a magnification of 100 times to measure the time until the scale was completely dissolved and removed. A value obtained by dividing the pickling completion time of each steel bar by the pickling completion time required in the conventional example (Test No. 18) was used as a pickling evaluation index, and the smaller this value, the better the pickling performance. Table 1 shows the configuration contents and evaluation results of the scale reforming shaped article.
[0055]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003915384
As can be seen from Table 1, in the test numbers 1 to 10 , the pickling performance evaluation index was 0.4 or less, and the pickling time was significantly shortened as compared with the conventional example (no coating). Further, when the solubility of the scale in acid was observed, the scale solubility of these steel bars was good, and the scale on the surface of the steel material was evenly dissolved and there was no scale residue and the surface was good. Among them, test number 3 in which the average particle size of the alkaline earth metal powder was small and a large amount of wear powder adhered was confirmed to be more excellent. In addition, the pickling property was improved as the content of the alkaline earth metal powder in the scale-modifying shaped article was increased. It was also confirmed that the coating amount of the shaped article for scale modification on the steel bar was excellent in the effect when it was 0.09 g / m 2 or more, depending on the content of the binder. When the surface temperature of the steel material to which the scale reforming shaped object is pressed is less than 800 ° C, there is an effect of improving the pickling property, but the effect is slightly inferior to the case of processing at 800 ° C or higher. Met.
[0056]
In the test number 15 where the surface temperature of the steel material to which the scale reforming shaped article is pressed is less than 580 ° C., the effect of improving the pickling property was not recognized. In test number 16 in which alkaline earth metal powder was dispersed in water without using a binder and test number 17 in which the alkaline earth metal powder was suspended in high-viscosity mineral oil, the portion (Fe 3 O 4 There was a portion where the transformation proceeded, and the solubility of the portion in the acid was poor, resulting in a scale residue. For this reason, pickling property was not improved so much as compared with the conventional example (no application).
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the method of manufacturing a steel material excellent in pickling properties according to the present invention, the scale generated in the steel material heated to a high temperature is uniformly formed into a scale having good peelability and acid solubility. Moreover, the modification can be performed without any problem, and as a result, the pickling time can be greatly shortened. In addition, the scale-modification shaped article of the present invention is easy to handle and excellent in uniform coating on the steel material surface, and thus is extremely useful for realizing scale modification of the steel material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a layout view of a hot-hole rolling apparatus for steel bars according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram illustrating the positional relationship between a scale-reforming shaped article and a steel bar.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: heating furnace, 2: steel bar material, 3 and 4: rolls for hole rolling, 5: steel bar, 6 and 7: shaped article for scale modification, 8: slow cooling furnace.

Claims (5)

アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物からなる群の内の1種または2種以上の粉末60〜95.5質量%とベントナイト、カオリナイト、水ガラス、石膏、セメントからなる群の内の1種または2種以上である粘結剤0.5〜40質量%とからなる造形物を、580℃以上である移動中の鋼材表面に押し付けて、該造形物から発生する摩耗粉を前記鋼材表面に付着させることを特徴とする酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法。 60-95.5% by mass of one or more powders in the group consisting of alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal oxides , bentonite, kaolinite , Pressed against a moving steel material surface of 580 ° C. or higher with a binder of 0.5 to 40% by mass, which is one or more of the group consisting of water glass, gypsum and cement A method for producing a steel material having excellent pickling properties, characterized in that wear powder generated from the shaped article is adhered to the surface of the steel material . 前記粉末の平均粒径が0.02〜10μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法。The method for producing a steel material with excellent pickling properties according to claim 1, wherein the powder has an average particle size of 0.02 to 10 μm. 前記粘結剤が、少なくともベントナイトを含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法。The method for producing a steel material excellent in pickling properties according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the binder contains at least bentonite. 前記鋼材表面への摩耗粉の塗布量が0.09g/m 以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の酸洗性に優れた鋼材の製造方法。The method for producing a steel material having excellent pickling properties according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of wear powder applied to the surface of the steel material is 0.09 g / m 2 or more. アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物からなる群の内の1種または2種以上の粉末60〜95.5質量%とベントナイト、カオリナイト、水ガラス、石膏、セメントからなる群の内の1種または2種以上である粘結剤0.5〜40質量%とからなるスケール改質用造形物。 60-95.5% by mass of one or more powders in the group consisting of alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal oxides , bentonite, kaolinite A scale-reforming shaped article comprising 0.5 to 40% by mass of a binder, which is one or more of the group consisting of water glass, gypsum, and cement .
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