JP3891777B2

JP3891777B2 - Storage for volatile organic substances and method for adjusting internal environment

Info

Publication number: JP3891777B2
Application number: JP2000354727A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 岳志米澤; 武小野; 昭雄奥村
Original assignee: Suntory Ltd
Current assignee: Suntory Ltd
Priority date: 2000-11-21
Filing date: 2000-11-21
Publication date: 2007-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2020-11-21
Also published as: JP2002154608A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、酒類、食酢、醤油、化学物質、薬品、印刷用インク、その他種々の液体を貯蔵するのに適した建屋状の貯蔵庫に関し、特に、これらの液体を長期間保存して熟成や発酵を行なう貯蔵庫における庫内温度および湿度を調整することにより、熟成・発酵の条件を適性化させるとともに、貯蔵中に発生するアルコール等の揮発性有機物質を除去又は低減し、或いはその濃度を調整することにより、庫内外の作業環境の改善等を図るようにした、建屋状の、揮発性有機物質の貯蔵及びその内部環境調節方法に関する。
【０００２】
特に、本発明は、集熱パネル（放射冷却板）を使用して太陽エネルギーを有効に活用することにより貯蔵庫内の上限温度を低下させて揮発性有機物質の蒸気の発生量を減少させかつ発生した蒸気の一部を除去し、或いは下限温度を上昇させることにより熟成・発酵の条件を適正化させるものである。
【０００３】
【従来の技術】
アルコール類等の揮発性有機物質の製造、使用或いは貯蔵の際には、揮発性有機物質の蒸気が発生するが、このような揮発性有機物質の蒸気が建屋内に貯まり、その濃度が増加すれば、作業環境として好ましくない。
そこで貯蔵庫内の揮発性有機物質の蒸気を含む貯蔵庫内の空気を強制的に庫外に排出させる装置が種々開発されているが、揮発性有機物質をそのまま庫外に排出すると今度は庫外の環境汚染をひき起こすことになる。このため揮発性有機物質を含有する空気から揮発性有機物質を除去する方法についても従来より種々の提案がなされている。
【０００４】
例えば、アルコールを含有する空気からアルコールを除去する方法として、従来、水などを用いた洗浄方式と、粒状又は繊維状の活性炭による吸着方式（例えば、特開昭５４−１２６６７０号公報）とがある。
しかし、前者の方式では、アルコールの分圧が低いときは除去が不十分である。後者の方式では、活性炭の吸着能が低下すると新しいものとの取替えを必要とする。又、活性炭を再生して用いるには、多量の熱源を必要とすると共に、脱離される吸着物の後処理工程を必要とする。即ち、多量の水蒸気を吹き込んで、吸着されたアルコールを脱着させ、さらに脱着したアルコールと水蒸気を凝縮させるため、多量の希薄アルコール溶液が生じる。
【０００５】
特開平４−１０３６９号公報では、アルコール含有空気とアルコール含有率の低下した空気とを熱交換し、熱交換後のアルコール含有空気を冷却し、まず空気中の水分の大部分とアルコールの一部分とを凝縮させ、ついでアルコールの大部分と水分の一部とを凝縮させることによって空気中からアルコールを回収し、このような操作を繰り返すことにより、アルコールを回収してアルコール濃度を低下させる方法が開示されている。
【０００６】
一方、貯蔵庫内において熟成や発酵を行なおうとする場合、貯蔵庫内の温度や湿度などを出来るだけ一定の条件で行なった方が、工程が安定し、品質的にも安定したものが出来ることは当業者の常識である。厳密な低温制御が必要なものでは特別な設備を設けて低温保管を行なっているが、ワイン等の貯蔵・熟成では温度・湿度が安定している地下室なども利用されている。
【０００７】
また、特開平７−９０９４９号公報には、放射冷却を利用したソーラーシステムハウスが開示され、屋根面の直下に屋根勾配を有する空気流路を形成し、この空気流路の一端に空気取入口を設け、他端をファン内蔵のハンドリングボックスを介して立下りダクトの上端に連結し、立下りダクトの下端は床下蓄熱体と床パネルとの間の空気流通空間に開口し、この空気流通空間から室内への床吹出口を設けたソーラーシステムハウスにおいて、夏の夜間に、蓄冷と除湿が可能なパッシブなものとすることが提案されている。
【０００８】
この方法では、夏の夜間にファンを運転し、夜間の冷気を空気流路に取込み、屋根面からの放射冷却も作用させ、この空気を立下りダクトを介して床下蓄熱体である蓄熱土間コンクリートと床パネルとの間の空気流路空間に送り、蓄熱土間コンクリートに蓄冷している。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、庫内の空気流通を適宜調整すると共に、集熱パネル（放射冷却板）を使用して太陽エネルギーを有効に活用することにより、庫内の温度や湿度を適正に保ち、貯蔵物質の保存性を良好に維持することのできる建屋状の、揮発性有機物質の貯蔵庫、及びその内部環境調節方法を提供することを目的とする。
【００１０】
また、本発明は、アルコール等の揮発性有機物質を発生する貯蔵物質を保存する場合において、その揮発性有機物質の発生源にて、強いエネルギーを用いることなくパッシブな方法で、これらの濃度調整、除湿等を行うことにより、庫内外の作業環境の改善および揮発性有機物質の拡散の抑制等を図るようにした、建屋状の、揮発性有機物質の貯蔵庫、及びその貯蔵庫の内部環境調節方法を提供することを目的とする。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明によれば、屋根面の直下に空気流路を形成し、この空気流路の一端に空気取入口を設け他端を空気切換制御部を有するダクトスペースに連通した遮熱用空気流路系と、一端を庫内の上部に開口し他端を庫内の下部に開口した庫内循環用ダクト系と、太陽熱を受ける面に配置した放射冷却板を通過する集熱・放射用ダクト系とを具備し、前記ダクトスペースのボックスに空気放出口を設けると共に、このダクトスペース内に設けた空気切換制御部は、前記遮熱用空気流路系、庫内循環用ダクト系及び集熱・放射用ダクト系の各空気流路を相互に連通又は切換えるダンパーと、ファンとを具備し、温度条件や気象条件等によりこれらのファン及びダンパーの制御・切換を行うようにし、遮熱用空気流路系の空気取入口は屋根の軒先に設けられ、この空気取入口からダクトスペースまで延びる前記空気流路は、前記屋根面と気密断熱天井との間に屋根勾配に沿って形成され、この気密断熱天井は庫内を略気密に区画し、屋根の大部分の領域は、前記屋根勾配に沿って軒先から上方に傾斜した前記屋根面からなり、この屋根面の最上部に隣接して前記ダクトスペースボックスが設けられ、このダクトスペースボックス上の第２の屋根面上に前記放射冷却板が配置されていることを特徴とする建屋状の揮発性有機物質の貯蔵庫が提供される。
【００１２】
庫内外の温度や湿度、放射冷却板の温度、日照等の条件に応じて、ファン及びダンパーの制御・切換を行うことにより、庫内の温度変化を適正な範囲内に抑制しうると共に、湿度を低減した状態に保ち、庫内における結露を防止でき、これにより貯蔵物質の保存性を良好に維持することができる。アルコール等の揮発性有機物質を発生する貯蔵物質を保存する場合においては、その揮発性物質の発生源にて、その拡散を抑制することができる。
【００１３】
空気流路内に空気が流れ且つ天井の断熱効果により、特に夏場において、庫内は外気温の影響を受けにくくなり、且つ略気密の状態に維持されるので、貯蔵物質は良好な温度、湿度条件下で保存されることとなる。
【００１４】
放射冷却板は直接太陽熱を受けることができ、また、夏の夜間等では放射冷却作用が得られると共に、屋根上のスペースを放射冷却板のために有効に利用することができる。
【００１５】
前記ダクトスペースボックス上側の第２の屋根面は、前記屋根の大部分の領域を占める前記第１の屋根面から離れる方向に下方傾斜しており、前記放射冷却板はこの第２の屋根面に太陽熱集熱及び夜間放射に適した方向と勾配をもち、且つ放射冷却板内に発生する凝結水の流下に適するよう配置されている。放射冷却により生じた凝結水は放射冷却板の傾斜面に沿って下降する。
【００１６】
この場合において、前記放射冷却板はこの第２の屋根面に平行に配置されている。これにより、放射冷却板の取付が容易になる。
前記放射冷却板は、略平行に配置された上下２枚の空気、蒸気及び庫内で副次的に生成されるガス等に対して耐蝕性を有する金属材料からなり、この２枚の金属材料間に集熱・放射用の空気流路が規定される。空気が２枚の金属材料の間を通過する間に太陽熱のエネルギにより加温され、或いは放射冷却される場合はそれによって生じた凝結水が２枚の鋼板間の傾斜通路に沿って下降する。
【００１７】
前記放射冷却板を形成する金属材料の、少なくとも太陽光を受ける側の表面が赤外線に対して吸収・放射を高くする表面着色処理が施されている。この場合は、特に放射冷却板が集熱パネルとして作用する場合に効率の良い加温が可能となる。
前記２枚の金属材料は波型に形成され、この波型の山谷が前記第２の屋根面の勾配方向に延びるように配置されている。これにより、放射冷却板のパネル面の表面積が大きくなり、熱交換の効率が高くなり、更に放射冷却により生じた凝結水の回収を容易にする。
【００１８】
前記放射冷却板を形成する金属材料が、ステンレス鋼板からなる。これにより、耐久性が良く、熱効率の良い放射冷却板が得られる。
前記放射冷却板に凝結水を収集する配管が接続され、この配管は下位に配置された凝結水タンクに導入されている。これにより、放射冷却により生じた凝結水は配管に収集され、凝結水タンクに回収される。
【００１９】
前記放射冷却板は前記第２の屋根面上に複数箇所に設けられている。このように放射冷却板の個数を増加することにより、大きな貯蔵庫にも対応することができる。
空気切換制御部は複数のファンと複数の流路切換用ダンパーを具備し、前記空気取入口から取り入れた空気を前記空気流路を介して前記空気放出口から強制的に放出すると共に庫内の下部の開口部から取り入れた空気を庫内の上部開口部から放出して庫内で循環させる排気モード、庫内の下部の開口部から取り入れた空気を庫内の上部開口部から放出して庫内でのみ強制循環させる循環モード、庫内の上部開口部から取り入れた空気を前記放射冷却板を経由して庫内の下部の開口部から強制的に放出する放出冷却モード又は集熱モード、庫内の下部の開口部から取り入れた空気を空気放出口から庫外に放出する放出モード、の各モードのいずれかを適宜選択するように、前記ダンパー及びファンの制御・切換を行う制御部を具備する。
【００２０】
貯蔵媒体の種類により、庫内外の温度や湿度、放射冷却板の温度、日照等の条件に応じて、最適なモードを選択することができる。
更に、本発明によれば、上述のような建屋状の揮発性有機物質の貯蔵庫の内部環境調節方法であって、庫内の上部と下部の温度、放射冷却板の温度、庫外の温度、日照を検出し、これらの検出結果に応じて、前記空気取入口から取り入れた空気を前記空気流路を介して前記空気放出口から強制的に放出すると共に庫内の下部の開口部から取り入れた空気を庫内の上部開口部から放出して庫内で循環させる排気モード、庫内の下部の開口部から取り入れた空気を庫内の上部開口部から放出して庫内でのみ強制循環させる循環モード、庫内の上部開口部から取り入れた空気を前記放射冷却板を経由して庫内の下部の開口部から強制的に放出する放出冷却モード又は集熱モード、庫内の下部の開口部から取り入れた空気を外部放出口から庫外に放出する放出モード、或いはファンを停止して強制的な空気流通を行わない停止モードのいずれかを選択するように、前記ダンパー及びファンの制御・切換を行い貯蔵庫の内部環境を調節する方法が提供される。
【００２１】
庫内の温度条件が前記液体貯蔵媒体の貯蔵に適した温度状態にあるときは停止モード、庫内の温度が適温範囲より低くかつ放射冷却板の温度の所定値以上であるときは集熱モード、庫内の温度が適温範囲より高く且つ日中であるときは排気モード、庫内の温度が適温範囲より高く、庫外の温度よりも高く且つ夜間である時は放射冷却モード、その他の条件下では循環モードとするように前記ダンパー及びファンの制御・切換が自動的に行われる。
【００２２】
前記ダンパー及びファンの制御・切換は必要に応じて手動で行うことができ、特定の条件下で手動で放出モードに選択可能である。したがって、例えば、庫内においてアルコール等の揮発性有機物質が漏洩した場合等の特定の条件下においては、揮発性有機物質を緊急に庫外へ放出することができる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態及び実施例について、貯蔵庫の例を詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の貯蔵庫の建屋を示す側面図、図２は同貯蔵庫の主として屋根を示す平面図である。
【００２４】
貯蔵庫１０の建屋は平面的に見て略長方形で、長手方向に比較的長い形態であり、長手方向に延びた平行な前後壁１１、１２と、両端の側壁１３、１４と、屋根部１５からなる。屋根部１５はその殆どの部分１５ａが前方から後方へ向けて屋根勾配に沿って若干下方に傾斜しているが、前方領域１５ｂでは屋根面が一段高くなっており、逆に前方に向けて若干下方傾斜している。この屋根の前方領域１５ｂに、後に詳しく説明する放射冷却板３０が２箇所に配置されている。
【００２５】
貯蔵庫１０の建屋内部は、中間床はなく全体が一体の空間をなしており、庫外とは概ね気密に保たれている。
図３は本発明の貯蔵庫１０の建屋の横断面図であり、庫内への空気の取り入れ、排気、庫内の空気循環のためのダクト、ファン、空気流路切換ダンパー、凝結水回収用配管、放射冷却板等を示す。
【００２６】
貯蔵庫１０内部において、屋根１５（特に、屋根の殆どの領域である屋根後方領域１５ａ）に隣接して気密断熱天井２２があり、この気密断熱天井２２と屋根後方領域１５ａとの間には上下幅が全体として略一定幅の空気流路２３が形成され、気密断熱天井２２と屋根１５の一段上になっている前方領域１５ｂとの間は図示のように上下に幅のあるダクトスペース２４のボックスとなっている。
【００２７】
気密断熱天井２２としては、グラスウール等の断熱材を用い、このグラスウールを両側からサンドイッチ状にポリエチレンシート等の気密性の良好なシート材で覆ったものを使用することができる。
建屋後壁１２側の屋根１５の軒先には空気流路２３に連通する空気取入口２５が形成され、建屋前壁１１側の軒先にはダクトスペース２４に連通する空気取入口２６が形成される。また、屋根１５の後方領域１５ａと前方領域１５ｂとの間の傾斜部分１５ｃにはダクトスペース２４内のダクトを通じて空気を庫外に排出するための空気放出口２７が形成される。
【００２８】
庫内の空気流路としては、庫内の収容スペース１０ａの最上部に空気放出・吸入口２８を有するダクト２９と、庫内の収容スペース１０ａの最下部に空気放出・吸入口３１を有するダクト３２とが設けられ、これらのダクト２９、３２の他端はダクトスペース２４内へ延びている。また、ダクトスペース２４内に吸入口３４を有するダクト３３も設けられ、後述するように、これらのダクト２９、３２、３３を通じて、庫内の収容スペース１０ａ内の空気が所望に制御される。
【００２９】
屋根１５の面が一段高くなっている屋根前方領域１５ｂの上には、前述のように、放射冷却板（或いは集熱パネル）３０が２箇所に配置されている。図４はこのような放射冷却板３０を示す。放射冷却板３０は上下に僅かな間隔をおいて配置した厚さ0.5 ｍｍ程度の２枚のステンレス鋼の黒色のカラー板等からなり、図示のようにジグザグ模様ないし断面Ｖ字形の波型をしており、山谷の線が屋根前方領域１５ｂ上に前後方向になるように、また屋根前方領域１５ｂの勾配に沿って略平行となるように傾斜して配置されて、凝結水を収集しやすくしている。
【００３０】
放射冷却板３０の２枚のステンレス板の間には空気流路３０ａが形成され、図４（ｂ）に示すように、この空気流路３０ａを空気が通過する間に、太陽エネルギーによる輻射熱により空気が加温され、或いは放射冷却が行われ、このため、放射冷却板３０の最上端側（後方側）及び最下端側（前方側）にはダクトが接続され、これらのダクトはダクトスペース２４内へ延びている。集熱パネル３０とその下の屋根前方領域１５ｂの間は断熱材３２が充填されている。
【００３１】
また、放射冷却板３０の最下端側には、凝結水を排出するために配管３５（図３）が接続され、この配管３５は貯蔵庫１０の建屋の前壁１１に沿って下方へ延び、凝結水タンク３６に導入されている。したがって、放射冷却によって生じた凝結水は放射冷却板３０の傾斜面に沿って下降し、配管３５を経て凝結水タンク３６に回収される。
【００３２】
図５は図３に示した貯蔵庫１０の一部、特にダクトスペース２４の部分を詳細に示すもので、放射冷却板３０、空気流路、ファン、空気切換ダンパー等を含む貯蔵庫内の空気制御装置を示す。空気流路ないしダクトの配管に設けられたファンFA, FB, FCは、駆動時には図示の矢印方向に強制的に空気を送るもので、後述する各モードに応じて駆動制御される。また、配管の分岐部に設けられた空気切換ダンパーD1, D2, D3, D4, D5は空気の流れを切り換えるべく、各モードに応じて各ファンFA, FB, FCの駆動状態と連動して作動される。
【００３３】
貯蔵庫１０内の温熱環境・空気環境は外界の気象条件に影響されることは勿論であるが、気象条件には気温、湿度、日射量、大気輻射量、風向、風速、地中温度、気圧等がある。これらの気象要素のうち、庫内の温熱環境に強く影響する要素としては、外気温度、湿度、日射量、地中温度である。
これらの気象要素のうち、本発明の実施例では、主として外気温度及び日射量を重視して、貯蔵庫１０内の温熱環境・空気環境を制御する。このため、庫外の温度条件や庫内の温度状態、湿度状態を検出している。即ち、図には示していないが、貯蔵庫の建屋の近辺に百葉箱を設置し、光スイッチ、温度センサ、湿度センサ等が設けられる。また、図には示していないが、放射冷却板３０にも温度センサを設けると共に、庫内の収容スペース１０ａの上段及び下段の温度をそれぞれ検出するための温度センサが配置されている。
【００３４】
したがって、本発明の実施例では、上記のような貯蔵庫内外の気象条件、温度条件、湿度条件等に応じて、ファンFA, FB, FCの駆動・停止及び空気切換ダンパーD1, D2, D3, D4, D5の制御を行って、貯蔵庫内の環境条件を最適に保とうとするものである。即ち、貯蔵庫内をある設定範囲内の温度に保ち、庫内温度の均一化を図る。この温度の均一化により、貯蔵庫内の貯蔵物からのアルコール分の蒸発を減少させる。また、放射冷却板によりアルコール分の蒸発の減少を図る。さらに、放射冷却板により貯蔵庫内のアルコール濃度の低減を図る。
【００３５】
本発明の実施例では、各センサにより温度等を検出して、図示しないシーケンサで運転モードの選択を行い、そのモードに合わせてファンの駆動・停止及び空気切換ダンパーの開閉の制御を行う。
各モード毎の運転パターン、即ちファンFA, FB, FCの駆動・停止及び空気切換ダンパーD1, D2, D3, D4, D5のＯＮ／ＯＦＦ制御の状況は表１の通りである。
【００３６】
【表１】

なお、各空気切換ダンパーD1, D2, D4, D5は二方弁として作用し、ＯＦＦの場合には図５のダクト内を空気の直進のみを許容するものとし、ＯＮの場合には直進方向が遮られ、曲折する方向にのみ空気の流れを許容するものとする。また、空気切換ダンパーD3は三方弁として作用し、ＯＦＦの状態では、図５において上下方向に空気の直進のみ許容するものとし、ＯＮの状態では、ダンパー上横間の空気の流れのみを許容する場合：ＯＮ（上）と、ダンパー下横間の流れのみを許容する場合：ＯＮ（下）とがあるものとする。
【００３７】
図６〜図１０は各モード毎の空気の流れを示す図である。これらの図において、斜線で示した部分は、空気が強制的に流れるダクトの部分を示す。
停止モード（モード０）は、例えば、庫内の温度条件がウイスキーやブランデー等の酒類の樽を貯蔵するに当たって理想的な状態であり、何ら強制的な空気制御を必要としない場合である。この状態では、全てのファンFA, FB, FCが停止され、且つすべての空気切換ダンパーD1, D2, D3, D4, D5がＯＦＦにあり、したがってすべての空気流路及びダクトでは強制的な空気流通や制御は行われない。
【００３８】
図６に示す加温（冬集熱）モード（モード１）は、例えば、庫内温度が貯蔵に適する温度条件よりも低く、放射冷却板３０の温度が庫内温度を上回っている場合である。この状態は冬場の日中のように、庫内の温度が低い反面、太陽の輻射熱によって放射冷却板３０の温度が比較的温かく、その熱を利用して庫内の温度を上昇させる。そのために、このモードでは、ファンはFBのみ駆動され、他のファンは停止される。一方、空気切換ダンパーはD1, D2をＯＮとし、他のダンパーはＯＦＦとされる。
【００３９】
したがって、庫内の空気は最上段の空気取入口２８からダクト２９に吸入され、ダクトスペース２４内のダンパーD3, D2, D5、ファンFBを通過し、放射冷却板３０により加温され、温かくなった空気がダンパーD1, D4を経て、ダクト３２に送られ、最下段の空気放出口３１から庫内に放出される。これにより、集熱パネルとして作用する放射冷却板３０によって加温された空気によって庫内の収容スペース１０ａが加温される。
【００４０】
図７に示す強制循環モードは、例えば、冬場の夜間のように庫内は温度不足の状態で且つ放射冷却板３０の温度が低く集熱不能の場合（モード２）、逆に庫内は温度超過の状態であるが、外気温度が庫内温度を越え、放射冷却板３０による冷却が不能の場合（モード４）、或いは庫内温度は充足しているが、庫内の上下に温度差がある場合（モード６）に設定される。このモードでは、ファンはFCのみ駆動され、他のファンは停止される。一方、空気切換ダンパーはD3がＯＮ（下）とされ、D4がＯＮとされ、他のダンパーはＯＦＦとされる。
【００４１】
したがって、庫内の空気は最下段の空気取入口３１からダクト３２に吸入され、ダクトスペース２４内のダンパーD4、ファンFC、ダンパーD3を通過してダクト２９に送られ、最上段の空気放出口２８から庫内に送られ、庫内で空気を強制循環させて庫内の上下温度差を減少する。したがって、庫内は全体として均一な温度状態となる。
【００４２】
図８に示す排気モード（モード３）は、例えば、夏場の日中のように、庫内は温度超過の状態、即ち最上段の庫内温度が貯蔵に適した温度条件を越えた状態で、且つ放射冷却板３０の温度が高く冷却不可能な状態である。このモードでは、強制循環モードと同様、ファンFCを駆動し、空気切換ダンパーはD3をＯＮ（下）とし、D4をＯＮとすると共に、更に、ファンFA及びFBも駆動し、空気切換ダンパーD2, D5もＯＮとする。
【００４３】
したがって、庫内の空気は最下段の空気取入口３１からダクト３２に吸入され、ダクトスペース２４内のダンパーD4、ファンFC、ダンパーD3を通過してダクト２９に送られ、最上段の空気放出口２８から庫内に送られ、庫内で空気を強制循環されると共に、ダクトスペース２４内の空気が空気吸入口３４からダクト３３に流入し、ファンFBにより放射冷却板３０に送られ、ダンパーD1を経て外部放出口２７から庫外へ排出される。ダクトスペース２４内へは、空気取入口２５から取り入れた空気が空気流路２３を通過して流入し、また軒下の空気取入口２６からも流入する。ファンFBの駆動により空気流路２３の排気量を増大させると共に、放射冷却板３０の過熱による使用材料の劣化を防止する。
【００４４】
図９に示す放射冷却モード（モード５）は、例えば、夏場の夜間のように、庫内温度が超過の状態、即ち外気温度が庫内温度以下であって放射冷却板３０による冷却が可能な場合である。この状態では夜間の冷気を庫内に取り込んで、庫内の温度を低下させる。そのために、このモードでは、ファンはFBを駆動し、空気切換ダンパーはD1, D2をＯＮとし、他のダンパーはＯＦＦとする。
【００４５】
したがって、庫内の空気は最上段の空気取入口２８からダクト２９に吸入され、ダクトスペース２４内の空気切換ダンパーD3, D2, D5を通過し、ファンFBにより放射冷却板３０に送られ、ここで放射冷却が行われた後、ダンパーD1を経て、ダクト３２に送られ、庫内の最下段の空気放出口３１から庫内に冷気が放出され、庫内の収容スペース１０ａの低温化が図られ、且つ除湿される。
【００４６】
放射冷却板３０による放射冷却の熱交換で生じた凝結水は、放射冷却板３０の傾斜に沿って下降し、配管３５に収集され、凝結水タンク３６に回収される。
図１０に示す緊急放出モード（モード７）は、例えば、庫内において揮発性有機物質が漏洩した場合に、安全性を図る上で、庫内の空気を緊急に強制排気する。このため、ファンはFA及びFCを駆動し、空気切換ダンパーはD1及びD4をＯＮとし、D3をＯＮ（上）とする。
【００４７】
したがって、庫内の空気は最下段の空気取入口３１からダクト３２に吸入され、ダンパーD4、ファンFC、ダンパーD3及びD2、及びファンFAを通過して外部放出口２７から庫外へ排出される。したがって、庫内揮発性有機物質の濃度が異常に高くなるのが事前に防止される。
図１１は本発明の実施例に係る貯蔵庫において、上述のような各モードにおける空気流の制御及び気密断熱を実行した場合（Ａ）と、実行しない場合（従来例Ｂ，Ｃ）のシミュレーションを行った結果を示すもので、横軸を１年を通した季節、縦軸は庫内温度である。これによれば、本実施例においては、季節による庫内温度の変化が少なくなっていることがわかる。したがって、例えば洋酒の貯蔵庫であれば樽の中の酒類は良好な環境の下で熟成されることになり、その品質の向上につながる。また、樽からの原酒の蒸発が抑制され、庫内における結露の発生が抑制される。
【００４８】
以上、添付図面を参照して本発明の好適な実施例について詳細に説明したが、本発明は上記の実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想の範囲内において種々の形態、変形、修正等が可能であることに留意すべきである。
例えば、上記の実施例では、貯蔵媒体として、ウイスキーやブランデー等の酒類を樽にて保存する貯蔵庫について説明したが、本発明は、揮発性有機物質を発散する種々の液体その他の物質を保存する場合において好適に使用することができる。
【００４９】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明によれば、庫内外の温度や湿度、放射冷却板の温度、日照等の条件に応じて、ファン及び空気切換ダンパーの制御・切換を行うことにより、庫内の温度を貯蔵する物質に対して適正な範囲内に制御し且つ湿度を低減した状態に保ち、庫内における結露を防止でき、これにより貯蔵物質の保存性を良好に維持し、品質の向上を図ることができる。また、揮発性有機物質をその発生源にて拡散するのを抑制し、その濃度を適正な範囲内に保つことができる。このように、揮発性有機物質をその発生源にて濃度調整、除湿等を行うことにより、揮発性有機物質の拡散が抑制され、且つ庫内外の作業環境の改善等を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の貯蔵庫の建屋を示す側面図である。
【図２】同貯蔵庫の主として屋根を示す平面図である。
【図３】本発明の貯蔵庫の建屋の横断面図である。
【図４】（ａ）は放射冷却板（放射冷却板）の全体の斜視図、（ｂ）はその一部を示す斜視図である。
【図５】図４に示す貯蔵庫の一部であって、放射冷却板、ダクト（空気流路）、ファン、空気切換ダンパー等を含む貯蔵庫内の空気制御システムを示す。
【図６】加温（集熱）モードのときのシステムの作用及び空気の流れを示す。
【図７】強制循環モードのときのシステムの作用及び空気の流れを示す。
【図８】排気モードのときのシステムの作用及び空気の流れを示す。
【図９】放射冷却モードのときのシステムの作用及び空気の流れを示す。
【図１０】緊急放出モードのときのシステムの作用及び空気の流れを示す。
【図１１】本発明の実施例に係る貯蔵庫において各モードにおける空気流の制御及び気密断熱を実行した場合と、このような制御を実行しない場合のシミュレーションを行った結果を示す。
【符号の説明】
１０…貯蔵庫
１０ａ…収容スペース
１１…前壁
１２…後壁
２２…気密断熱天井
２３…空気流路
２４…ダクトスペース
２５、２６…空気取入口
２７…空気放出口
２８…空気取入・放出口
２９、３２…ダクト
３０…放射冷却板
３１…空気放出・吸入口
３４…排気吸入口
３５…凝結水配管
３６…凝結水タンク
FA, FB, FC…ファン
D1, D2, D3, D4, D5…空気切換ダンパー[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a building-like storage suitable for storing liquors, vinegar, soy sauce, chemical substances, medicines, printing inks, and other various liquids, and in particular, these liquids are stored for a long period of time for aging and fermentation. By adjusting the internal temperature and humidity in the storage, the aging and fermentation conditions are optimized, and volatile organic substances such as alcohol generated during storage are removed or reduced, or the concentration is adjusted. Storage of volatile organic substances in the form of a building that is intended to improve the working environment inside and outside the warehouse. Storehouse And its internal environment adjustment method.
[0002]
In particular, the present invention uses a heat collecting panel (radiant cooling plate) to effectively utilize solar energy, thereby reducing the upper limit temperature in the storage and reducing the amount of generated volatile organic matter vapor. By removing a part of the steam or increasing the lower limit temperature, the conditions for aging and fermentation are optimized.
[0003]
[Prior art]
During the manufacture, use or storage of volatile organic substances such as alcohols, volatile organic substance vapors are generated. Such volatile organic substance vapors are stored in the building and their concentration increases. This is not preferable as a working environment.
Therefore, various devices have been developed to forcibly discharge the air in the storage containing the vapor of volatile organic substances in the storage to the outside of the storage. It will cause environmental pollution. For this reason, various proposals have conventionally been made on methods for removing volatile organic substances from air containing volatile organic substances.
[0004]
For example, as a method for removing alcohol from air containing alcohol, conventionally, there are a cleaning method using water or the like and an adsorption method using granular or fibrous activated carbon (for example, JP-A-54-126670). .
However, in the former method, removal is insufficient when the partial pressure of alcohol is low. In the latter method, when the adsorption ability of activated carbon is lowered, replacement with a new one is required. In addition, in order to regenerate and use the activated carbon, a large amount of heat source is required and a post-treatment step of the adsorbed material to be desorbed is required. That is, a large amount of water vapor is blown to desorb the adsorbed alcohol, and the desorbed alcohol and water vapor are condensed, so that a large amount of diluted alcohol solution is generated.
[0005]
In JP-A-4-10369, heat exchange is performed between alcohol-containing air and air with a reduced alcohol content, and the alcohol-containing air after heat exchange is cooled. First, most of the moisture in the air and a part of the alcohol A method is disclosed in which alcohol is recovered from the air by condensing most of the alcohol and a part of moisture, and by repeating such operations, the alcohol is recovered and the alcohol concentration is reduced. Has been.
[0006]
On the other hand, when ripening or fermenting in the storage, the process and the quality are more stable if the temperature and humidity in the storage are kept as constant as possible. It is common sense of those skilled in the art. For those that require strict low-temperature control, special equipment is provided for low-temperature storage, but for storage and aging of wine etc., basements with stable temperature and humidity are also used.
[0007]
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 7-90949 discloses a solar system house using radiant cooling. An air flow path having a roof gradient is formed immediately below the roof surface, and an air intake is formed at one end of the air flow path. The other end is connected to the upper end of the falling duct via a handling box with a built-in fan, and the lower end of the falling duct opens into the air circulation space between the underfloor heat storage body and the floor panel. It has been proposed that a solar system house with a floor outlet to the interior of the house be passive, capable of cold storage and dehumidification during summer nights.
[0008]
In this method, the fan is operated at night in summer, the cold air at night is taken into the air flow path, radiant cooling from the roof surface also acts, and this air is passed through the falling duct to store the thermal storage soil concrete that is the underfloor heat storage body. It is sent to the air channel space between the floor and the floor panel, and is stored in the thermal storage soil concrete.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention appropriately adjusts the air flow in the warehouse and effectively utilizes solar energy by using a heat collecting panel (radiant cooling plate) to appropriately maintain the temperature and humidity in the warehouse and store the substance. Storage of volatile organic substances in a building shape that can maintain the preservability of Storage And an internal environment adjustment method thereof.
[0010]
The present invention also provides a method for adjusting the concentration of a storage material that generates volatile organic substances such as alcohol in a passive manner without using strong energy at the source of the volatile organic substances. Storage of building-like volatile organic substances, such as improving the working environment inside and outside the warehouse and suppressing the diffusion of volatile organic substances by dehumidifying etc. Storage And a method for adjusting the internal environment of the storage.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, an air flow path is formed immediately below the roof surface, an air intake is provided at one end of the air flow path, and the other end communicates with a duct space having an air switching control unit. System, duct circulation system with one end opened in the upper part of the cabinet and the other end opened in the lower part of the cabinet, and a heat collection / radiation duct system that passes through the radiation cooling plate placed on the surface that receives solar heat An air discharge port provided in the box of the duct space, and an air switching control unit provided in the duct space includes the heat shielding air flow path system, the internal circulation duct system, and the heat collecting / It is equipped with a damper that communicates or switches each air flow path of the radiating duct system and a fan, and these fans and dampers are controlled and switched according to temperature conditions, weather conditions, etc. The air intake of the heat shielding air flow path system is provided at the eaves of the roof, and the air flow path extending from the air intake to the duct space extends along the roof gradient between the roof surface and the hermetic insulation ceiling. The airtight insulating ceiling is formed, and the inside of the cabinet is substantially airtightly divided, and a large area of the roof is composed of the roof surface inclined upward from the eaves along the roof gradient, and is formed at the top of the roof surface. The duct space box is provided adjacently, and the radiation cooling plate is disposed on the second roof surface on the duct space box. Building-like volatile organic material characterized by Storage Provided.
[0012]
By controlling and switching the fan and damper according to conditions such as the temperature and humidity inside and outside the chamber, the temperature of the radiant cooling plate, and sunshine, the temperature change inside the chamber can be suppressed within an appropriate range, and humidity Can be kept in a reduced state, and condensation in the storage can be prevented, whereby the preservability of the stored material can be maintained well. In the case of storing a storage material that generates a volatile organic substance such as alcohol, the diffusion can be suppressed at the generation source of the volatile substance.
[0013]
Sky Due to the flow of air through the air flow path and the heat insulation effect of the ceiling, the storage material is not affected by the outside air temperature and is maintained in a substantially airtight state, especially in summer. Will be stored below.
[0014]
Release The radiant cooling plate can directly receive solar heat, and a radiant cooling action can be obtained at nighttime in summer and the space on the roof can be effectively used for the radiant cooling plate.
[0015]
The second roof surface on the upper side of the duct space box is inclined downward in a direction away from the first roof surface occupying most of the area of the roof, and the radiant cooling plate is on the second roof surface. It has a direction and gradient suitable for solar heat collection and night-time radiation, and is arranged to be suitable for the flow of condensed water generated in the radiation cooling plate. The condensed water generated by the radiant cooling descends along the inclined surface of the radiant cooling plate.
[0016]
In this case, the radiation cooling plate is arranged in parallel to the second roof surface. Thereby, attachment of a radiation cooling plate becomes easy.
The radiant cooling plate is made of a metal material having corrosion resistance against two or more pieces of air, steam, and gas generated in the storage, which are arranged substantially in parallel, and the two metal materials. An air flow path for heat collection and radiation is defined between them. When the air passes between the two metal materials, it is heated by solar heat energy, or when it is radiatively cooled, the condensed water generated thereby descends along the inclined passage between the two steel plates.
[0017]
The metallic material forming the radiant cooling plate is subjected to a surface coloring treatment in which at least the surface on the side receiving sunlight is made to absorb and emit infrared rays. In this case, efficient heating is possible particularly when the radiation cooling plate acts as a heat collecting panel.
The two metal materials are formed in a corrugated shape, and the corrugated peaks and valleys are arranged so as to extend in the gradient direction of the second roof surface. This increases the surface area of the panel surface of the radiant cooling plate, increases the efficiency of heat exchange, and facilitates the recovery of condensed water generated by radiative cooling.
[0018]
The metal material forming the radiation cooling plate is a stainless steel plate. Thereby, a radiant cooling plate with good durability and good thermal efficiency can be obtained.
A pipe for collecting condensed water is connected to the radiant cooling plate, and this pipe is introduced into a condensed water tank disposed below. As a result, the condensed water generated by the radiation cooling is collected in the pipe and collected in the condensed water tank.
[0019]
The radiant cooling plate is provided at a plurality of locations on the second roof surface. Thus, by increasing the number of radiation cooling plates, it is possible to cope with a large storage.
The air switching control unit includes a plurality of fans and a plurality of flow path switching dampers, and forcibly discharges air taken in from the air intake port from the air discharge port via the air flow path and An exhaust mode in which air taken in from the lower opening is discharged from the upper opening in the warehouse and circulated in the warehouse, and air taken in from the lower opening in the warehouse is released from the upper opening in the warehouse. Circulation mode for forced circulation only inside, discharge cooling mode or heat collection mode for forcibly releasing air taken in from the upper opening in the warehouse from the lower opening in the warehouse via the radiation cooling plate, A control unit that controls and switches the damper and the fan so as to appropriately select any one of the discharge modes in which the air taken in from the opening in the lower part is discharged from the air discharge port to the outside of the warehouse. To do.
[0020]
Depending on the type of storage medium, an optimal mode can be selected according to conditions such as the temperature and humidity inside and outside the cabinet, the temperature of the radiant cooling plate, and sunlight.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, As above Building-like Of volatile organic substances A method for adjusting the internal environment of the storage, which detects the temperature of the upper and lower parts of the storage, the temperature of the radiant cooling plate, the temperature of the outside of the storage, and sunshine, and takes them from the air intake according to these detection results. An exhaust mode in which air is forcibly released from the air outlet through the air flow path and air taken in from the lower opening in the warehouse is released from the upper opening in the warehouse and circulated in the warehouse; A circulation mode in which the air taken in from the lower opening in the warehouse is discharged from the upper opening in the warehouse and forcedly circulated only in the warehouse, and the air taken in from the upper opening in the warehouse passes through the radiation cooling plate. Discharge cooling mode or heat collection mode forcibly releasing from the lower opening in the storage, discharge mode for discharging air taken from the lower opening in the storage to the outside from the external discharge port, or stopping the fan And forced air circulation To select one of the no stop mode, a method of adjusting the internal environment of the reservoir and controls, switching of the damper and fan are provided.
[0021]
Stop mode when the temperature condition in the chamber is in a temperature state suitable for storage of the liquid storage medium, heat collection mode when the temperature in the chamber is lower than the appropriate temperature range and equal to or higher than the predetermined value of the temperature of the radiant cooling plate When the inside temperature is higher than the appropriate temperature range and during the day, the exhaust mode, when the inside temperature is higher than the appropriate temperature range and higher than the outside temperature and at night, the radiant cooling mode, and other conditions Below, the damper and fan are automatically controlled and switched so as to be in the circulation mode.
[0022]
The control and switching of the damper and fan can be performed manually as required, and can be manually selected into the discharge mode under specific conditions. Therefore, for example, under specific conditions such as when a volatile organic substance such as alcohol leaks in the warehouse, the volatile organic substance can be urgently released outside the warehouse.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of a storage will be described in detail with respect to embodiments and examples of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a building of a storage of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view mainly showing a roof of the storage.
[0024]
The building of the storage 10 is substantially rectangular in plan view and has a relatively long shape in the longitudinal direction. From the parallel front and

rear walls

11 and 12 extending in the longitudinal direction,

side walls

13 and 14 at both ends, and the roof portion 15. Become. The most part 15a of the roof part 15a is inclined slightly downward along the roof gradient from the front to the rear. However, the roof surface is raised by one step in the front region 15b, and conversely, slightly toward the front. Inclined downward. In the front area 15b of the roof, two radiation cooling plates 30 which will be described in detail later are arranged.
[0025]
The interior of the storage 10 has no intermediate floor and forms an integral space, and is generally kept airtight from the outside.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the building of the storage 10 according to the present invention. Air intake into the storage, exhaust, duct for circulating air in the storage, fan, air flow path switching damper, condensed water recovery pipe , Radiation cooling plate and the like.
[0026]
Inside the storage 10, there is an airtight heat insulating ceiling 22 adjacent to the roof 15 (particularly, the roof rear region 15a which is the most area of the roof), and the vertical width is between the airtight heat insulating ceiling 22 and the roof rear region 15a. As a whole, an air flow path 23 having a substantially constant width is formed, and a box of a duct space 24 having a vertical width as shown in the figure is formed between the hermetic heat insulating ceiling 22 and the front region 15b on one level of the roof 15. It has become.
[0027]
As the airtight heat insulating ceiling 22, a heat insulating material such as glass wool can be used, and the glass wool covered with a sheet material having good airtightness such as a polyethylene sheet in a sandwich shape from both sides can be used.
An air intake 25 communicating with the air flow path 23 is formed at the eaves of the roof 15 on the building rear wall 12 side, and an air intake 26 communicating with the duct space 24 is formed at the eaves on the building front wall 11 side. . In addition, an air discharge port 27 is formed in the inclined portion 15c between the rear region 15a and the front region 15b of the roof 15 for discharging air to the outside through the duct in the duct space 24.
[0028]
As an air flow path in the warehouse, a duct 29 having an air discharge / suction port 28 at the uppermost part of the storage space 10a in the warehouse and a duct having an air discharge / suction port 31 at the lowermost part of the storage space 10a in the warehouse. 32 and the other ends of these

ducts

29, 32 extend into the duct space 24. In addition, a duct 33 having a suction port 34 is also provided in the duct space 24. As will be described later, the air in the storage space 10a in the warehouse is controlled as desired through these

ducts

29, 32, and 33.
[0029]
As described above, the radiant cooling plates (or heat collecting panels) 30 are arranged in two places on the roof front region 15b where the surface of the roof 15 is raised by one step. FIG. 4 shows such a radiation cooling plate 30. The radiant cooling plate 30 is composed of two stainless steel black color plates having a thickness of about 0.5 mm arranged at a slight distance above and below, and has a zigzag pattern or a V-shaped corrugation as shown in the figure. It is arranged so that the line of the mountain valley is in the front-rear direction on the roof front area 15b, and is inclined so as to be substantially parallel along the gradient of the roof front area 15b, thereby making it easy to collect condensed water. ing.
[0030]
An air flow path 30a is formed between the two stainless steel plates of the radiant cooling plate 30, and as shown in FIG. 4 (b), air passes through the air flow path 30a due to radiant heat from solar energy. Heating or radiant cooling is performed. For this reason, ducts are connected to the uppermost end side (rear side) and the lowermost end side (front side) of the radiant cooling plate 30, and these ducts enter the duct space 24. It extends. A heat insulating material 32 is filled between the heat collecting panel 30 and the roof front area 15b below the heat collecting panel 30.
[0031]
Further, a pipe 35 (FIG. 3) is connected to the lowermost end side of the radiant cooling plate 30 to discharge condensed water. The pipe 35 extends downward along the front wall 11 of the building of the storage 10 and condenses. It is introduced into the water tank 36. Accordingly, the condensed water generated by the radiant cooling descends along the inclined surface of the radiant cooling plate 30 and is collected in the condensed water tank 36 through the pipe 35.
[0032]
FIG. 5 shows in detail a part of the storage 10 shown in FIG. 3, particularly the duct space 24, and includes an air control device in the storage including the radiation cooling plate 30, an air flow path, a fan, an air switching damper and the like. Indicates. Fans FA, FB, FC provided in the air flow path or duct piping forcibly send air in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure during driving, and are driven and controlled in accordance with each mode to be described later. In addition, air switching dampers D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5 provided at the branch of the piping operate in conjunction with the driving status of each fan FA, FB, and FC according to each mode to switch the air flow. Is done.
[0033]
Of course, the thermal environment and air environment in the storage 10 are affected by external weather conditions, but the weather conditions include temperature, humidity, solar radiation, atmospheric radiation, wind direction, wind speed, underground temperature, atmospheric pressure, etc. There is. Among these meteorological factors, the factors that have a strong influence on the thermal environment in the warehouse are the outside air temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and underground temperature.
Among these meteorological elements, in the embodiment of the present invention, mainly the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation are emphasized, and the thermal environment / air environment in the storage 10 is controlled. For this reason, the temperature conditions outside a warehouse, the temperature state in a warehouse, and a humidity state are detected. That is, although not shown in the figure, a hundred-leaf box is installed near the storage building, and an optical switch, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and the like are provided. Although not shown in the figure, the radiation cooling plate 30 is also provided with a temperature sensor, and temperature sensors for detecting the upper and lower temperatures of the storage space 10a in the warehouse are arranged.
[0034]
Accordingly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving / stopping of the fans FA, FB, FC and the air switching dampers D1, D2, D3, D4 according to the weather conditions inside and outside the storage as described above, temperature conditions, humidity conditions, etc. , D5 is controlled to keep the environmental condition in the storage optimally. That is, the inside of the storage is kept at a temperature within a certain set range, and the inside temperature is made uniform. This leveling of temperature reduces the evaporation of alcohol from the store in the storage. Moreover, the evaporation of the alcohol content is reduced by the radiation cooling plate. Furthermore, the radiant cooling plate is used to reduce the alcohol concentration in the storage.
[0035]
In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature or the like is detected by each sensor, the operation mode is selected by a sequencer (not shown), and the driving / stopping of the fan and the opening / closing of the air switching damper are controlled according to the mode.
Table 1 shows the operation pattern for each mode, that is, the driving / stopping of the fans FA, FB, FC and the ON / OFF control of the air switching dampers D1, D2, D3, D4, D5.
[0036]
[Table 1]

Each of the air switching dampers D1, D2, D4, D5 acts as a two-way valve. When it is OFF, it allows only straight air travel in the duct shown in FIG. Air flow shall be allowed only in the direction of being blocked and bent. Further, the air switching damper D3 acts as a three-way valve. In the OFF state, only the straight air movement is allowed in the vertical direction in FIG. 5, and in the ON state, only the air flow between the dampers is allowed. Case: It is assumed that there is ON (upper) and only the flow between the lower side of the damper is allowed: ON (lower).
[0037]
6-10 is a figure which shows the flow of the air for every mode. In these drawings, a hatched portion indicates a portion of a duct through which air is forced to flow.
The stop mode (mode 0) is, for example, a case where the temperature condition in the warehouse is an ideal state for storing a barrel of alcoholic beverages such as whiskey and brandy, and no forced air control is required. In this state, all fans FA, FB, FC are stopped and all air switching dampers D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 are OFF, so forced air flow in all air channels and ducts There is no control.
[0038]
The heating (winter heat collection) mode (mode 1) shown in FIG. 6 is a case where, for example, the internal temperature is lower than the temperature condition suitable for storage, and the temperature of the radiant cooling plate 30 is higher than the internal temperature. . In this state, the temperature in the cabinet is low as in the daytime in winter, but the temperature of the radiant cooling plate 30 is relatively warm due to the radiant heat of the sun, and the temperature in the cabinet is raised using the heat. For this reason, in this mode, only the FB is driven and the other fans are stopped. On the other hand, in the air switching damper, D1 and D2 are turned ON, and the other dampers are turned OFF.
[0039]
Therefore, the air in the warehouse is sucked into the duct 29 from the uppermost air intake 28, passes through the dampers D3, D2, D5 and the fan FB in the duct space 24, is heated by the radiation cooling plate 30, and becomes warm. The air passes through the dampers D1 and D4 and is sent to the duct 32 and is discharged from the lowermost air discharge port 31 into the cabinet. Thereby, the accommodation space 10a in a store | warehouse | chamber is heated with the air heated by the radiation cooling plate 30 which acts as a heat collection panel.
[0040]
The forced circulation mode shown in FIG. 7 is, for example, when the inside of the cabinet is in a state of insufficient temperature and the temperature of the radiant cooling plate 30 is low and cannot collect heat (mode 2). If the outside air temperature exceeds the internal temperature and cooling by the radiant cooling plate 30 is impossible (mode 4), or the internal temperature is satisfied, there is a temperature difference between the upper and lower sides in the internal state. In some cases (mode 6). In this mode, only the FC is driven and the other fans are stopped. On the other hand, in the air switching damper, D3 is turned on (down), D4 is turned on, and the other dampers are turned off.
[0041]
Therefore, the air in the warehouse is sucked into the duct 32 from the lowermost air intake 31 and is sent to the duct 29 through the damper D4, the fan FC, and the damper D3 in the duct space 24, and the uppermost air discharge port. 28 is sent into the cabinet, and air is forcibly circulated in the cabinet to reduce the vertical temperature difference in the cabinet. Therefore, the inside of the warehouse is in a uniform temperature state as a whole.
[0042]
In the exhaust mode (mode 3) shown in FIG. 8, for example, during the summer day, the inside of the warehouse is in an over-temperature state, that is, the inside temperature of the uppermost compartment exceeds a temperature condition suitable for storage. And the temperature of the radiation cooling plate 30 is high and cannot be cooled. In this mode, as in the forced circulation mode, the fan FC is driven, and the air switching damper sets D3 to ON (down) and D4 to ON, and also drives the fans FA and FB, and the air switching damper D2, D5 is also ON.
[0043]
Accordingly, the air in the cabinet is sucked into the duct 32 from the lowermost air intake 31 and is sent to the duct 29 through the damper D4, the fan FC, and the damper D3 in the duct space 24, and the uppermost air discharge port. 28, the air is forcibly circulated in the chamber, and the air in the duct space 24 flows into the duct 33 from the air inlet 34 and is sent to the radiation cooling plate 30 by the fan FB, and the damper D1 It is discharged out of the warehouse through the external discharge port 27. The air taken in from the air intake port 25 flows into the duct space 24 through the air flow path 23 and also flows in from the air intake port 26 under the eaves. Driving the fan FB increases the exhaust amount of the air flow path 23 and prevents deterioration of the material used due to overheating of the radiation cooling plate 30.
[0044]
In the radiant cooling mode (mode 5) shown in FIG. 9, for example, in the summer night, the inside temperature is excessive, that is, the outside air temperature is lower than the inside temperature and cooling by the radiant cooling plate 30 is possible. Is the case. In this state, cold air at night is taken into the cabinet and the temperature inside the cabinet is lowered. Therefore, in this mode, the fan drives the FB, the air switching damper turns D1 and D2 on, and the other dampers turn off.
[0045]
Accordingly, the air in the cabinet is sucked into the duct 29 from the uppermost air intake 28, passes through the air switching dampers D3, D2, and D5 in the duct space 24, and is sent to the radiation cooling plate 30 by the fan FB. After the radiant cooling is performed, the air is sent to the duct 32 through the damper D1, and the cool air is discharged from the lowermost air discharge port 31 in the storage to reduce the temperature of the storage space 10a in the storage. And dehumidified.
[0046]
Condensed water generated by heat exchange of the radiant cooling plate 30 by the radiant cooling plate 30 descends along the inclination of the radiant cooling plate 30, is collected in the pipe 35, and is collected in the condensed water tank 36.
In the emergency release mode (mode 7) shown in FIG. 10, for example, when the volatile organic substance leaks in the warehouse, the air in the warehouse is urgently forcibly exhausted for safety. Therefore, the fan drives FA and FC, and the air switching damper turns D1 and D4 ON, and D3 turns ON (up).
[0047]
Accordingly, the air in the cabinet is sucked into the duct 32 from the lowermost air intake 31 and passes through the damper D4, the fan FC, the dampers D3 and D2, and the fan FA and is discharged from the external discharge port 27 to the outside. . Therefore, it is prevented in advance that the concentration of the volatile organic substance in the warehouse becomes abnormally high.
FIG. 11 shows simulations in the storage according to the embodiment of the present invention when the air flow control and airtight insulation in each mode as described above are executed (A) and when not executed (conventional examples B and C). The horizontal axis represents the season throughout the year, and the vertical axis represents the internal temperature. According to this, in the present Example, it turns out that the change of the chamber temperature by a season has decreased. Therefore, for example, in the case of a storehouse for Western liquors, the liquors in the barrel are aged in a favorable environment, leading to an improvement in the quality. Moreover, evaporation of the raw liquor from the barrel is suppressed, and the occurrence of condensation in the warehouse is suppressed.
[0048]
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various forms are within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. It should be noted that variations, modifications, etc. are possible.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the storage for storing liquors such as whiskey and brandy in a barrel has been described as the storage medium. However, the present invention stores various liquids and other substances that emit volatile organic substances. In some cases, it can be suitably used.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by controlling and switching the fan and the air switching damper according to the conditions such as the temperature and humidity inside and outside the chamber, the temperature of the radiant cooling plate, the sunshine, etc., The temperature is controlled within an appropriate range for the substance to be stored and the humidity is kept in a reduced state to prevent dew condensation in the storage, thereby maintaining the preservation of the stored substance well and improving the quality. Can be planned. Further, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of the volatile organic substance at the generation source, and to maintain the concentration within an appropriate range. In this way, by adjusting the concentration and dehumidification of the volatile organic substance at its source, diffusion of the volatile organic substance can be suppressed, and the working environment inside and outside the warehouse can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a building of a storage of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view mainly showing a roof of the storage.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the storage building of the present invention.
4A is a perspective view of the entire radiation cooling plate (radiation cooling plate), and FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing a part thereof.
5 shows an air control system in the storage, which is a part of the storage shown in FIG. 4 and includes a radiation cooling plate, a duct (air flow path), a fan, an air switching damper, and the like.
FIG. 6 shows the operation of the system and the air flow in the heating (heat collection) mode.
FIG. 7 shows the operation of the system and the air flow when in forced circulation mode.
FIG. 8 shows the operation of the system and the air flow in the exhaust mode.
FIG. 9 illustrates system operation and air flow when in radiant cooling mode.
FIG. 10 illustrates system operation and air flow during emergency release mode.
FIG. 11 shows the results of simulation when airflow control and airtight insulation in each mode are executed in the storage according to the embodiment of the present invention and when such control is not executed.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 ... Storage
10a ... Storage space
11 ... Front wall
12 ... Back wall
22 ... Airtight insulation ceiling
23 ... Air flow path
24 ... Duct space
25, 26 ... Air intake
27 ... Air outlet
28 ... Air intake / discharge port
29, 32 ... Duct
30 ... Radiant cooling plate
31 ... Air release / suction port
34 ... Exhaust inlet
35 ... condensed water piping
36 ... condensed water tank
FA, FB, FC… Fan
D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 ... Air switching damper

Claims

An air flow path is formed immediately below the roof surface, an air intake port is provided at one end of the air flow path, and the other end communicates with a duct space having an air switching control unit. An internal circulation duct system having an opening in the upper part and having the other end opened in the lower part of the interior, and a heat collection / radiation duct system that passes through a radiation cooling plate disposed on a surface that receives solar heat, An air discharge port is provided in the box of the duct space, and an air switching control unit provided in the duct space includes each of the heat shielding air flow path system, the internal circulation duct system, and the heat collection / radiation duct system. It has a damper that communicates or switches the air flow path and a fan, and controls and switches these fans and dampers according to temperature conditions and weather conditions,
The air intake of the heat shield air flow path system is provided at the eaves of the roof, and the air flow path extending from the air intake to the duct space extends along the roof slope between the roof surface and the hermetic insulation ceiling. Formed, and this hermetic insulation ceiling divides the inside of the cabinet almost airtightly,
The most area of the roof is composed of the roof surface inclined upward from the eaves along the roof gradient, and the duct space box is provided adjacent to the top of the roof surface, on the duct space box. A building-like volatile organic substance storage , wherein the radiation cooling plate is disposed on a second roof surface .

The second roof surface on the upper side of the duct space box is inclined downward in a direction away from the first roof surface occupying most of the area of the roof, and the radiant cooling plate is on the second roof surface. having the direction and gradient suitable for solar collector heat and night radiation, and storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that it is arranged to suit the stream of condensed water generated in the radiation cooling plate.

The radiation cooling plate storage box according to claim 2, characterized in that disposed in parallel to the second roof surface.

The radiant cooling plate is made of a metal material that has corrosion resistance to two or more pieces of air, steam, and gas that is generated in a secondary manner in the upper and lower sides, which are arranged substantially in parallel. storage box according to claim 2, characterized in that the air flow path for the heat collector-radiation is defined between the material.

Storage box according to claim 3, characterized in that the surface coloring process surface to increase the absorption and emission to infrared metallic material forming the radiation cooling plate is applied.

6. The storage according to claim 4, wherein the two metal materials are formed in a corrugated shape, and the corrugated peaks and valleys are arranged so as to extend in a gradient direction of the second roof surface. Warehouse .

The radiation cooling plate metal material forming the found storage box according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that it consists of a stainless steel plate.

The storage according to any one of claims 2 to 6 , wherein a pipe for collecting condensed water is connected to the radiation cooling plate, and the pipe is introduced into a condensed water tank disposed at a lower position. Warehouse .

Storage box according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that the radiation cooling plate are provided at a plurality of positions on said second roof.

The air switching control unit includes a plurality of fans and a plurality of flow path switching dampers, and forcibly discharges air taken in from the air intake port from the air discharge port via the air flow path and An exhaust mode in which air taken in from the lower opening is discharged from the upper opening in the warehouse and circulated in the warehouse, and air taken in from the lower opening in the warehouse is released from the upper opening in the warehouse. Circulation mode for forced circulation only inside, discharge cooling mode or heat collection mode for forcibly releasing air taken in from the upper opening in the warehouse from the lower opening in the warehouse via the radiation cooling plate, A control unit that controls and switches the damper and the fan so as to appropriately select any one of the discharge modes in which the air taken in from the opening in the lower part is discharged from the air discharge port to the outside of the warehouse. Special to do Storage box according to claim 1,.

An air flow path is formed immediately below the roof surface, an air intake port is provided at one end of the air flow path, and the other end communicates with a duct space having an air switching control unit. An internal circulation duct system having an opening in the upper part and having the other end opened in the lower part of the interior, and a heat collection / radiation duct system that passes through a radiation cooling plate disposed on a surface that receives solar heat, An air discharge port is provided in the box of the duct space, and an air switching control unit provided in the duct space includes each of the heat shielding air flow path system, the internal circulation duct system, and the heat collection / radiation duct system. The air flow path includes a damper that communicates with or switches the air flow path, and a fan, and an air intake port of the heat shield air flow path system is provided at the eaves of the roof, and extends from the air intake port to the duct space. Between the roof and the airtight ceiling The hermetically insulated ceiling is formed along a slope, and the inside of the chamber is substantially hermetically sealed, and a large area of the roof is composed of the roof surface inclined upward from the eaves along the roof slope. An internal environmental control of a building-like volatile organic substance storage in which the duct space box is provided adjacent to the top of the building and the radiant cooling plate is disposed on the second roof surface on the duct space box A method,
Detect the temperature of the upper and lower parts in the cabinet, the temperature of the radiant cooling plate, the temperature outside the cabinet, and sunshine, and according to these detection results,
The air taken in from the air intake is forcibly released from the air outlet through the air flow path, and the air taken in from the lower opening in the warehouse is discharged from the upper opening in the warehouse. Exhaust mode to circulate inside, circulation mode to discharge air taken from the lower opening in the warehouse from the upper opening in the warehouse and forcibly circulate only in the warehouse, air taken from the upper opening in the warehouse Release cooling mode or heat collection mode forcibly releasing from the lower opening in the cabinet via the radiant cooling plate, and air taken in from the lower opening in the warehouse is released to the outside from the external outlet. A method of adjusting the internal environment of the storage by controlling and switching the damper and the fan so as to select either the discharge mode or the stop mode in which the fan is stopped and forced air circulation is not performed.

Stop mode when the temperature conditions in the chamber are suitable for storage, heat collection mode when the temperature in the chamber is lower than the appropriate temperature range and above the predetermined value of the temperature of the radiant cooling plate, temperature in the chamber When the temperature is higher than the appropriate temperature range and during the day, the exhaust mode is selected.When the temperature inside the chamber is higher than the appropriate temperature range and higher than the outside temperature, and when the temperature is outside at night, the cooling mode is selected. The method for adjusting the internal environment of a storage according to claim 11 , wherein the damper and the fan are controlled and switched automatically.

The internal environment adjustment of the storage according to claim 12 , wherein the damper and the fan can be controlled / switched manually as needed, and the discharge mode can be manually selected under specific conditions. Method.