JP3885943B2 - Fixing device and image forming apparatus having the fixing device - Google Patents

Fixing device and image forming apparatus having the fixing device Download PDF

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JP3885943B2
JP3885943B2 JP2002112585A JP2002112585A JP3885943B2 JP 3885943 B2 JP3885943 B2 JP 3885943B2 JP 2002112585 A JP2002112585 A JP 2002112585A JP 2002112585 A JP2002112585 A JP 2002112585A JP 3885943 B2 JP3885943 B2 JP 3885943B2
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fixing belt
fixing
belt
recording medium
guide member
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JP2003307956A (en
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光紀 阪本
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、回転駆動される定着ベルトと、該定着ベルトが巻き掛けられた支持ローラに該定着ベルトを介して対向配置された相手定着部材とを有し、前記定着ベルトと前記相手定着部材との間のニップ部に記録媒体を通過させ、その通過時に、トナー像のトナーに熱と圧力を加えて該トナー像を記録媒体に定着する定着装置、及びその定着装置を有する画像形成装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電子複写機、ファクシミリ、プリンタ、又はこれらの少なくとも2つの機能を備えた複合機などとして構成される画像形成装置に上記形式の定着装置を採用することは従来より周知である。この形式の定着装置においては、トナー像がニップ部を通るとき、そのトナー像のトナーが加熱されるので、当該トナーが粘着剤として作用してニップ部を出た記録媒体が定着ベルトの表面に付着したまま巻き付き、記録媒体の搬送トラブル、すなわちジャムを起こすおそれがある。
【0003】
そこで、従来より、複数の分離爪又は分離シートなどから成る分離部材を定着ベルトの表面に当接させ、その分離部材によってニップ部を出た記録媒体を定着ベルト表面から分離し、記録媒体が定着ベルトの表面に巻き付くことを防止している。ところが、かかる分離部材を用いると、この分離部材の先端に、経時的にトナーが固着し、その固着トナーによって分離部材の先端が定着ベルト表面から浮いてしまうことがある。このようになると、分離部材先端と定着ベルト表面との間に大きなギャップができ、ここに記録媒体が潜り込んでしまい、記録媒体がジャムを起こすおそれがある。
【0004】
そこで、分離部材の先端を定着ベルトの表面から離間して配置し、その分離部材の先端にトナーが固着しないように構成する定着装置も提案されている。ところが、この構成を採用すると、分離部材と定着ベルト表面との間に隙間ができるので、この場合も、ニップ部を通過した記録媒体の先端がその隙間に入り込んで記録媒体がジャムを起こすおそれを免れない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、定着ベルトへの記録媒体の巻き付きを従来よりも一層効果的に低減することのできる定着装置と、その定着装置を有する画像形成装置を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、冒頭に記載した定着装置において、前記ニップ部よりも前記定着ベルト移動方向下流側の定着ベルト部分と前記支持ローラとの間に、該定着ベルト部分が支持ローラの周面から離間するように当該定着ベルトを案内するベルトガイド部材を設け、前記ニップ部の定着ベルト移動方向下流側端と、前記ベルトガイド部材との間の定着ベルト部分のうち、定着ベルト移動方向上流側の定着ベルト部分が、前記支持ローラの周面に接触するように、当該ベルトガイド部材を配置し、該ベルトガイド部材は、前記支持ローラよりも小径な円柱状に形成されていると共に、前記支持ローラの周面に当接し、かつ回転可能に支持されていることを特徴とする定着装置を提案する(請求項1)。
【0009】
また、上記請求項1に記載の定着装置において、前記ベルトガイド部材に接触する定着ベルト部分に対向して、該定着ベルトに付着した記録媒体を分離する分離回転体を設け、該分離回転体は定着ベルトに対して微小なギャップをあけて位置し、分離回転体と定着ベルトとの対向部にて、分離回転体の表面が定着ベルト表面の移動方向と逆方向に移動する向きに該分離回転体を回転駆動するように構成されていると有利である(請求項2)。
【0010】
さらに、上記請求項2に記載の定着装置において、前記分離回転体の周面に凹凸が形成されていると有利である(請求項3)。
【0011】
また、本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の定着装置を有していることを特徴とする画像形成装置を提案する(請求項4)。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態例を図面に従って詳細に説明する。
【0013】
図1は画像形成装置の一部を示す部分断面概略図である。ここに示した画像形成装置は、記録媒体上にトナー像を形成する作像手段1と、そのトナー像を記録媒体上に定着する定着装置2とを有している。先ず作像手段1の概略を明らかにする。
【0014】
図1に示した作像手段1は、ドラム状の感光体として構成された第1乃至第4の像担持体3Y,3M,3C,3BKを有し、その各像担持体上にイエロートナー像、マゼンタトナー像、シアントナー像及びブラックトナー像がそれぞれ形成される。第1乃至第4の像担持体3Y乃至3BKに対向して転写ベルト4が配置され、この転写ベルト4は、駆動ローラ5と従動ローラ6に巻き掛けられて矢印A方向に回転駆動される。
【0015】
第1乃至第4の各像担持体3Y,3M,3C,3BK上にトナー像を形成する構成と、その作用は実質的に全て同一であるため、第1の像担持体3Yにトナー像を形成する構成だけを説明する。この像担持体3Yは図1における時計方向に回転駆動され、このとき帯電ローラ7によって像担持体が所定の極性に均一に帯電される。次いでその帯電面に、レーザ書き込みユニット8から出射する光変調されたレーザビームLが照射される。これによって像担持体3Y上に静電潜像が形成され、その静電潜像が現像装置9によってイエロートナー像として可視像化される。
【0016】
一方、図示していない給紙部から、例えば転写紙又は樹脂シートや樹脂フィルムなどから成る記録媒体Pが給送され、その記録媒体Pが、矢印Bで示すように、像担持体3Yと転写ベルト4の間に送り込まれ、転写ベルト4に担持されて搬送される。転写ベルト4を挟んで、像担持体3Yにほぼ対向する位置には転写ローラ10が配置され、その転写ローラ10に対し、像担持体3Y上のトナーの帯電極性と逆極性の電圧が印加され、これによって像担持体3Y上のイエロートナー像が記録媒体P上に転写される。記録媒体Pに転写されず、像担持体3Y上に残された転写残トナーは、クリーニング装置11によって除去される。
【0017】
全く同様にして、第2乃至第4の像担持体3M,3C,3BK上にマゼンタトナー像、シアントナー像及びブラックトナー像がそれぞれ形成され、これらのトナー像が、イエロートナー像の転写された記録媒体P上に順次重ねて転写される。
【0018】
上述のようにして4色の未定着トナー像を担持した記録媒体Pは、矢印Cで示すように定着装置2を通過し、このときそのトナー像が記録媒体P上に定着される。定着装置2を通過した記録媒体は、矢印D方向に搬送されて図示していない排紙トレイ上に排出される。
【0019】
図2は図1に示した定着装置2の拡大断面図であり、ここに示した定着装置2は、無端状の定着ベルト12と、その定着ベルト12に対する相手定着部材の一例である加圧ローラ13とを有している。定着ベルト12は支持ローラ14と加熱ローラ15とに巻き掛けられ、加圧ローラ13は定着ベルト12を介して支持ローラ14に対向配置され、該支持ローラ14に圧接している。また、定着ベルト12はテンションローラ18によって加圧され、これによって定着ベルト12のテンションが適正な大きさとなるように調整されている。各ローラ13,14,15,18はそれぞれ矢印方向に回転し、これにより支持ローラ14と加熱ローラ15に張架された定着ベルト12が矢印F方向に回転駆動される。
【0020】
加熱ローラ15と加圧ローラ13の内部にはそれぞれヒータ16,17が内設され、これによって加熱ローラ15、定着ベルト12及び加圧ローラ13が加熱される。定着ベルト12と加圧ローラ13の表面にはそれぞれサーミスタ19,20が当接しており、各サーミスタ19,20によって定着ベルト12の表面と加圧ローラ13の表面の温度がそれぞれ検知される。その検知結果に基づいて各ヒータ16,17がオン,オフ制御され、定着ベルト12と加圧ローラ13の表面温度がトナー像の定着に適した温度範囲に維持される。
【0021】
図2に示したように、未定着トナー像Tを担持した記録媒体Pは、図1を参照して先に説明したように、矢印Cで示す如く定着装置2に送り込まれ、そのトナー像Tが定着ベルト12に接触しながら該定着ベルト12と加圧ローラ13との間のニップ部Nを通過し、このときトナー像のトナーに熱と圧力が加えられてトナーが溶融することにより、トナー像が記録媒体P上に定着される。ニップ部Nを通過した記録媒体Pは、さらに搬送されて出口ローラ対21に至り、この出口ローラ対21の回転により定着装置外へ排出される。
【0022】
図1に示した画像形成装置のように、フルカラー画像を形成する画像形成装置においては、記録媒体P上に複数のトナー像を重ね転写し、そのトナー像を定着装置2により定着するように構成されているが、かかるトナー像を確実に定着して高品質な画像を得るには、支持ローラ14の外周面を軟質な材料により構成することが好ましい。このため、図2に示した定着装置2においては、支持ローラ14が円筒状の芯金14Aと、その外周面に固定された弾性体層14Bにより構成されている。この弾性体層14Bは、例えば、厚さが数mmのシリコーンゴムより成る。
【0023】
上述のように、定着装置は、回転駆動される無端状の定着ベルトと、この定着ベルトが巻き掛けられた支持ローラに定着ベルトを介して対向配置された相手定着部材(図2の例では加圧ローラ13)とを有し、定着ベルトと相手定着部材との間のニップ部に記録媒体を通過させ、その通過時に、トナー像のトナーに熱と圧力を加えて該トナー像を記録媒体に定着するように構成されている。図2に示した定着装置2の場合には、定着すべきトナー像Tを担持した記録媒体Pが上記ニップ部Nを通過するように構成され、また、支持ローラ14に巻き掛けられた定着ベルト部分と相手定着部材との間のニップ部Nに記録媒体Pが通過するように構成されている。
【0024】
ところで、先にも説明したように、記録媒体Pに担持されたトナー像Tがニップ部Nを通るとき、そのトナー像のトナーが加熱されて溶融するので、そのトナーが粘着剤として作用し、記録媒体Pが定着ベルト12の表面から分離せずに巻き付いてしまうおそれがある。
【0025】
そこで、本例の定着装置2においては、図3に拡大して示すように、上述のニップ部Nよりも定着ベルト移動方向下流側の定着ベルト部分12Bと支持ローラ14との間に、その定着ベルト部分12Bが支持ローラ14の周面から離間するように当該定着ベルト12を案内するベルトガイド部材24が設けられている。しかも、ニップ部Nの定着ベルト移動方向下流側端NEと、ベルトガイド部材24との間の定着ベルト部分のうち、定着ベルト移動方向上流側の定着ベルト部分12Aが、支持ローラ14の周面に接触するように、ベルトガイド部材24が配置されている。
【0026】
ベルトガイド部材は適宜な形態に形成できるが、本例のベルトガイド部材24は、支持ローラ14よりも小径な円柱状に形成され、定着ベルト12の全幅に亘って、支持ローラ14に対して平行に延びていて、ベルトガイド部材24の長手方向各端部がたとえば定着装置のケースの側板(図1参照)に支持されている。
【0027】
上述のベルト部分12Aを、必要に応じてベルト上流側領域と称することにすると、このベルト上流側領域12Aは、支持ローラ14の周面に接触しているので、支持ローラ14の軸線Xを中心とした円弧状をなしている。このため、ニップ部Nを出た記録媒体Pは、通常、このベルト上流側領域12Aにおいて定着ベルト12の表面から分離される。このように定着ベルトの曲率を利用して記録媒体を定着ベルトから分離する分離方式は、一般に曲率分離と称せられている。記録媒体Pがこのベルト上流側領域12Aにおいて定着ベルト12から曲率分離されなかった場合、当該記録媒体は定着ベルト12の表面に付着したまま搬送され、ベルトガイド部材24の設けられた部分に達する。このとき、ベルトガイド部材24に当接した定着ベルト部分12Bは、支持ローラ14の周面から離されていて、ベルト上流側領域12Aよりも大きな曲率で湾曲しているので、ここに至った記録媒体Pは、図3に鎖線で示すように定着ベルト12の表面から確実に曲率分離される。分離された記録媒体Pは、定着ベルト表面からわずかに離れて位置する案内部材25により案内され、図2に示した出口ローラ対21に至り、この出口ローラ対21によって定着装置外へと搬送される。
【0028】
上述のように、ニップ部Nを出た記録媒体は、通常、所定の曲率をもったベルト上流側領域12Aの湾曲面によって定着ベルト12から曲率分離され、ここで分離されなかった記録媒体だけが、図3に鎖線で示すように大きな曲率をもった定着ベルト部分12Bの湾曲面によって確実に定着ベルト表面から曲率分離される。ベルトガイド部材24を設けることにより、定着ベルト部分12Bに大きな曲率をもたせ、記録媒体を常に確実に曲率分離させることが可能となるのである。
【0029】
従来の分離部材を用いた場合には、その分離部材と定着ベルト表面との間の隙間に記録媒体の先端が潜り込んでしまうおそれがあったが、図1乃至図3に示した定着装置においては、このような不具合の発生を阻止することができる。しかも、多くの記録媒体は、ベルト上流側領域12Aにおいて、定着ベルト表面から曲率分離されるので、記録媒体上のトナーが定着ベルト12の表面に密着している時間をほぼ一定にすることができ、定着後のトナー像の光沢度を均一化してその画質を高めることができる。
【0030】
ベルトガイド部材24を図8に示すように配置して、ニップ部Nの定着ベルト移動方向下流側端NEと、ベルトガイド部材24との間の定着ベルト部分が、ニップ部Nに引いた定着ベルト表面の接線の方向に延びるように、ベルトガイド部材24の位置を定めても、そのベルトガイド部材24に当接した定着ベルト部分12Bの大きな曲率によって記録媒体を定着ベルト表面から分離させることは可能である。ところが、この構成によると、ニップ部Nの定着ベルト移動方向下流側端NEとベルトガイド部材24との間の定着ベルト部分の全体が、その移動方向に直線状となっていて、湾曲したベルト上流側領域12A(図3)が存在しない。このため、ニップ部Nを出た直後の記録媒体を、定着ベルト表面から積極的に分離させる機能が得られず、多量のトナーが付着した記録媒体部分はベルトガイド部材24に接触した定着ベルト部分12Bまで定着ベルト表面に密着したまま搬送され、逆にトナー付着量の少ない記録媒体部分は定着ベルト部分12Bに達する前に定着ベルト表面から浮いた状態となる。このため、記録媒体上のトナー像が定着ベルト12に密着する時間にばらつきができ、これによって定着後のトナー像の光沢度が不均一となり、その画質が低下する。
【0031】
図1乃至図3に示した定着装置においては、前述のように、多くの場合、記録媒体はベルト上流側領域12Aにおいて強制的に定着ベルト表面から曲率分離されるので、記録媒体上のトナーが定着ベルト表面に密着している時間がほぼ一定となり、定着後のトナー像の光沢度を均一化できるのである。ベルト上流側領域12Aにおいて定着ベルト表面から分離されずに、ベルトガイド部材24に接触した定着ベルト12Bにおいて定着ベルト表面から曲率分離された記録媒体上のトナー像の光沢度と、ベルト上流側領域12Aにおいて曲率分離された記録媒体上のトナー像の光沢度には多少の差ができるが、記録媒体が定着ベルト表面に密着したまま定着ベルト部分12Bまで搬送される場合は稀であるため、大きな支障となることはない。
【0032】
また、図1乃至図3に示した定着装置2の加圧ローラ13の表面硬度を、支持ローラ14の表面硬度よりも高くしておき、ニップ部Nにおいて、加圧ローラ13よりも支持ローラ14の表面の方が大きく圧縮変形するように構成しておくと、ニップ部Nを出た定着装置の先端部が加圧ローラ13の周面に沿って移動しようとするので、ベルト上流側領域12Aにおいて、より一層効果的に記録媒体を定着ベルト表面から分離させることができる。
【0033】
図3に示したベルトガイド部材24の直径は適宜設定できるが、当該直径を3乃至6mm程度に設定することが好ましい。この直径が3mmよりも小さいと、ベルトガイド部材24が、定着ベルト12から加えられる外力によって大きく曲げ変形するおそれがあり、またこの直径が6mmよりも大きいと、記録媒体の曲率分離性能が低下するおそれがある。この場合の支持ローラ14の直径は40乃至60mm程度である。
【0034】
またベルト上流側領域12Aが支持ローラ14に巻き付いた巻き付き角θも適宜設定できるが、支持ローラ14の直径が上述の値である場合、巻き付き角θを5°乃至10°に設定すると好ましい結果の得られることが実験により確認されている。
【0035】
ベルトガイド部材24を支持ローラ14の周面から離して配置することもできるが、図1乃至図3に示すように、ベルトガイド部材24を支持ローラ14の周面に当接させると、そのベルトガイド部材24が定着ベルト12から大きな外力を受けても、当該ベルトガイド部材24が支持ローラ周面に受け止められるので、ベルトガイド部材24の曲げ変形を抑えることができる。ベルトガイド部材24が大きく曲げ変形すると、このベルトガイド部材24に接触する定着ベルト部分12Bと案内部材25の先端との間の隙間がベルトガイド部材24の長手方向に不均一となる。このため、この隙間が狭くなりすぎて、案内部材25の先端が定着ベルト表面に接触したり、逆に隙間が大きくなりすぎて、記録媒体の先端がその隙間に入り込んでジャムを起こすおそれがあるが、ベルトガイド部材24を支持ローラ14の周面に当接させることにより、このような不具合の発生を阻止できる。
【0036】
また、ベルトガイド部材24を支持ローラ14の周面に当接させた場合、そのベルトガイド部材24を、例えば定着装置のケース側板などに軸受を介して回転可能に支持することが好ましい。ベルトガイド部材24を回転不能に支持したとすると、定着ベルト12より加圧されたベルトガイド部材24が、支持ローラ14の周面に圧接しながら両者が摺擦することになり、これによって支持ローラ14の表面が早期に劣化するおそれがある。これに対し、ベルトガイド部材24を回転自在に支持すれば、そのベルトガイド部材24が支持ローラ14の回転に従動して図3に矢印で示した方向に連れ回りするので、支持ローラ周面に加えられる外力が軽減され、支持ローラ14の周面が早期に劣化する不具合を阻止できる。ベルトガイド部材24が矢印方向に回転するとき、ベルトガイド部材24は定着ベルト12に対しては摺接する。
【0037】
図4及び図5は、図1乃至図3に示した案内部材25の代りに、ベルトガイド部材24に接触する定着ベルト部分12Bに対向して、定着ベルト12に付着した記録媒体を分離する分離回転体22を設けた例を示している。この分離回転体22は、支持ローラ14及びベルトガイド部材24に対して平行に延びる軸23に固定され、この軸23が例えば定着装置ケースの側板に回転自在に支持されている。分離回転体22は定着ベルト12に対して微小なギャップδをあけて位置し、該分離回転体22と定着ベルト12との対向部にて、分離回転体22の表面が定着ベルト12の表面の移動方向と逆方向に移動する向きに、分離回転体22が、図示していない駆動装置によって回転駆動されるように構成されている。
【0038】
分離回転体22と定着ベルト12の表面との間のギャップδは、例えば0.1乃至1mmに設定される。このように分離回転体22を定着ベルト12の表面からわずかに離すことにより、分離回転体22が定着ベルト表面に接触してその表面に傷が付けられる不具合を阻止できる。また、分離回転体22の周面は平滑であってもよいが、本例の分離回転体22の周面には、その分離回転体22の軸線方向に延びる多数の凹凸が形成されている。その際、ニップ部Nの定着ベルト移動方向下流側端NEとベルトガイド部材24との間の定着ベルト部分のうちの前述のベルト上流側領域12Aを除く定着ベルト部分に引いた接線TA上に分離回転体22の周面の凹凸より成る歯が位置するように分離回転体22を配置することが好ましい。さらに、分離回転体22の数は適宜設定できるが、図6に示すように、軸23に固定され、互いに離間して配置された複数の分離回転体22を用いることが好ましい。
【0039】
上述した分離回転体22を設けることによって、ベルトガイド部材24による前述の曲率分離作用だけでは記録媒体を定着ベルト表面から分離できないときも、その記録媒体を定着ベルト表面から確実に分離することが可能となる。すなわち、図5に鎖線で示すように、定着ベルト表面に付着した記録媒体Pの先端が分離回転体22と定着ベルト12との対向部に至ったとき、上述の方向に回転する分離回転体22によってその記録媒体Pが定着ベルト12の表面から剥がされ、該記録媒体Pが定着ベルト12の表面から離れる向きに搬送されて出口ローラ対21に至り、この出口ローラ対21によって定着装置外に排出される。ベルトガイド部材24が接触する定着ベルト部分12Bの大きな曲率によって記録媒体Pを定着ベルト表面から分離しやすくし、それでも分離しきれない場合には、その記録媒体を分離回転体22によって確実に定着ベルト表面から分離するのである。このように、ベルトガイド部材24と分離回転体22との協働作用により、記録媒体Pが定着ベルト12の表面に巻き付いてジャムを起こす不具合を阻止できる。図6に示したように複数の分離回転体22を設けることにより、いずれの幅サイズの記録媒体Pをも、定着ベルト12から確実に分離することが可能となる。
【0040】
図4及び図5に示した定着装置2において、記録媒体Pの先端側が出口ローラ対21に銜え込まれると共に、その記録媒体Pの一部が定着ベルト12の表面に付着した状態で、当該記録媒体Pに多量のトナーが存在し、その記録媒体が強く定着ベルト12に密着した場合、従来の定着装置においては、定着ベルトへの記録媒体の接着力が強すぎて、その記録媒体が定着ベルトの側に引き戻されてジャムが発生することがあったが、本例の定着装置においては、分離回転体22が、回転しながら積極的に記録媒体Pを定着ベルト12の表面から引き剥がすように、記録媒体Pに対して外力を及ぼすので、記録媒体Pが定着ベルト12の方に引き戻されてジャムが発生するようなことはない。
【0041】
前述のように、分離回転体22と定着ベルト12との間にギャップδがあけられていると、定着ベルト12の表面に付着した記録媒体Pの先端がそのギャップδに潜り込むことも考えられるが、分離回転体22は、記録媒体Pをこのギャップδから引き出す向きに回転しているので、仮に記録媒体先端がギャップδに入り込んだとしても、その記録媒体は回転する分離回転体22によって即座にギャップδから引き出され、記録媒体Pが定着ベルト12の表面に巻き付くことが阻止される。例えば、記録媒体Pの幅方向中央部に多量のトナーがあり、その粘着力によって、ニップ部Nを出た記録媒体Pが定着ベルト12に強く付着し、その記録媒体Pの幅方向中央部の先端がギャップδに潜り込んだとしても、複数の分離回転体22が、その記録媒体Pに対して、その先端をギャップδから引き出す向きに外力を加え、記録媒体Pの中央部の先端を定着ベルト12の表面から離間させる。これにより、記録媒体Pは定着ベルト12の表面に巻き付くことなく搬送される。
【0042】
分離回転体22の回転速度は適宜設定できるが、その分離回転体22の半径方向最外部の線速と、この分離回転体22が対向する定着ベルト12の表面線速が大きく異なっていると、記録媒体はほぼ定着ベルトの表面線速で搬送されるので、分離回転体22の表面線速と記録媒体の搬送速さとが大きく相違することになり、これによって分離回転体22に接触しながら記録媒体が移動するとき、記録媒体上のトナー像に、分離回転体の接触によるすじ状の跡ができ、その画質が劣化するおそれがある。
【0043】
そこで、分離回転体22の半径方向最外部の線速と、これに対向する定着ベルト12の表面線速がほぼ等しくなるように、分離回転体22の回転速度を設定することが好ましい。より具体的に示すと、図5に示した分離回転体22の半径方向最外部の線速の大きさをV1とし、定着ベルト12の表面線速の大きさをV2としたとき、V1とV2がほぼ等しく、好ましくはV1=V2となるように、分離回転体22を回転駆動するのである。これにより、分離回転体22の最外部と、これに接触する記録媒体Pとの速さに差がなくなり、或いはその差が極めて小さくなるので、分離回転体22が記録媒体上のトナー像に対して掻き取り力を加えることがなくなり、トナー像にすじ状の跡ができることを阻止できる。
【0044】
また、図5から判るように、分離回転体22の表面に凹凸が形成されていると、記録媒体Pの先端がその凹凸に係合するので、分離回転体22が記録媒体を定着ベルト12から引き剥がす作用が高められ、分離回転体22の分離機能がより一層向上する。
【0045】
また分離回転体を、例えば複数のローラに巻き掛けられた無端ベルトにより構成することもできるが、図示した例のように、分離回転体がローラより成ると、その構成を簡素化でき、しかもそのコストを低く抑えることができる。しかも、分離回転体22に記録媒体Pが接触したとき、分離回転体表面の凹凸の凸部だけが記録媒体上のトナー像に接触するので、仮に、その接触によってトナー像に跡ができたとしても、その跡が目立たず、これを無視できる程度にすることができ、画質の劣化を阻止することができる。
【0046】
図4乃至図6に示した定着装置2の他の構成、及びこの定着装置2を有する画像形成装置の構成は、図1乃至図3に示したところと変わりはない。図1乃至図3における各要素に対応する図4及び図5に示した各要素には、図1乃至図3に付した符号と同一の符号を付してある。
【0047】
ところで、図1に示した画像形成装置は、定着装置2を通過した記録媒体Pをそのまま排紙トレイに排出するほか、この記録媒体Pを矢印Eで示すように搬送し、この記録媒体Pの表裏を反転した後、図示していない中間給紙装置に送り込み、次いで、ここからその記録媒体を再給紙し、既にトナー像が定着されている一方の面と反対側の他方の面を上にして、再び矢印Bで示すように転写ベルト4により搬送しながら各像担持体3Y,3M,3C,3BKを通過させ、その記録媒体の他方の面に4色の未定着トナー像を形成できるように構成されている。そして、この記録媒体を再び定着装置2を通過させることにより、その他方の面に担持されたトナー像を記録媒体に定着し、引き続きこの記録媒体を矢印D方向に搬送して排紙トレイに排出する。
【0048】
上述のように、記録媒体Pが再び定着装置2に送り込まれる場合には、図2及び図4に符号T1で示すように記録媒体Pの一方の面に既に定着されたトナー像が担持され、その他方の面に未定着トナー像Tが担持されている。かかるトナー像T1と、未定着トナー像Tを担持した記録媒体Pが定着装置2のニップ部Nを通る時、トナー像T1は加圧ローラ13の表面に接触するが、このときそのトナー像T1が加熱されて溶融すると、当該トナー像T1のトナーが粘着剤として作用し、その記録媒体が加圧ローラ13の表面に付着してここに巻き付くおそれがある。
【0049】
そこで、上述した各定着装置2においては、加圧ローラ13より成る相手定着部材に対向して、前述の分離回転体22と同じく構成された他の分離回転体22Aが設けられている。この分離回転体22Aと加圧ローラ13の関係は、先に説明した分離回転体22と、定着ベルト12との関係と実質的に異なるところはない。これにより、記録媒体Pが加圧ローラ13の周面に巻き付くことも防止することができる。
【0050】
以上、定着ベルト12の相手定着部材が加圧ローラ13より成る定着装置を説明したが、本発明は他の形態の定着装置にも広く適用できるものである。例えば、相手定着部材もローラに巻き掛けられて回転駆動される無端状の定着ベルトより成る定着装置、相手定着部材が回転しない部材より成る定着装置、記録媒体を無端ベルトより成る像担持体に重ねて搬送し、その像担持体と記録媒体を、共に定着ベルトと相手定着部材のニップ部に通過させて記録媒体に転写されたトナー像を定着する定着装置、記録媒体の両面に未定着トナー像を転写し、その記録媒体を定着ベルトとその相手定着部材との間のニップ部に通過させて記録媒体の両面に担持されたトナー像をそれぞれ記録媒体に定着する定着装置などにも本発明を支障なく適用できる。相手定着部材も定着ベルトより成るときは、その定着ベルトとこれを支持した支持ローラとの間に、前述の各例の場合と同様にベルトガイド部材を設けることもでき、さらにその定着ベルトに対向して分離回転体を設けることもできる。
【0051】
また、図7に示すように、中間転写体26上に図示していない感光体からトナー像Tを転写し、そのトナー像Tを図示していないヒータによって予熱した後、定着ベルト12と中間転写体26とのニップ部Nに記録媒体Pを通過させ、このとき中間転写体26上のトナー像を熱と圧力の作用によって記録媒体上に転写すると共に、そのトナー像を記録媒体上に定着する定着装置2にも本発明を適用できる。この場合には、中間転写体26が定着ベルト12の相手定着部材を兼ねることになる。図7における前述の定着装置の各構成要素に対応する要素には、前述の例において使用した符号と同一の符号を付してある。
【0052】
さらに、図1には、カラー画像を形成する画像形成装置に定着装置2を設けた例を示したが、本発明は、単色画像を形成する画像形成装置及びその定着装置にも適用でき、プリンター、複写機、ファクシミリ、その複合機などの画像形成装置に広く適用できるものである。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、定着ベルト表面から記録媒体を従来よりも確実に分離でき、記録媒体が定着ベルト表面に巻き付いてジャムが発生する不具合を阻止し、ないしは効果的に抑制することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】画像形成装置の一例を示す概略図である。
【図2】図2に示した定着装置の拡大断面図である。
【図3】図2の部分拡大図である。
【図4】定着装置の他の例を示す、図2と同様の断面図である。
【図5】図4の一部をさらに拡大して示す図である。
【図6】分離回転体の斜視図である。
【図7】定着装置のさらに別の例を示す概略断面図である。
【図8】ニップ部の定着ベルト移動方向下流側端とベルトガイド部材との間の定着ベルト部分の全体が支持ローラの周面から離間しているようにベルトガイド部材を配置した場合の不具合を説明する図である。
【符号の説明】
2 定着装置
12 定着ベルト
12A 定着ベルト部分
12B 定着ベルト部分
14 支持ローラ
22 分離回転体
24 ベルトガイド部材
N ニップ部
NE 下流側端
P 記録媒体
T トナー像
δ ギャップ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes a fixing belt that is rotationally driven, and a counterpart fixing member that is disposed so as to face a support roller around which the fixing belt is wound with the fixing belt interposed therebetween, and the fixing belt, the counterpart fixing member, BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fixing device that passes a recording medium through a nip portion between the two and applies heat and pressure to the toner of the toner image to fix the toner image on the recording medium, and an image forming apparatus having the fixing device It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it is well known to employ a fixing device of the above type in an image forming apparatus configured as an electronic copying machine, a facsimile machine, a printer, or a multifunction machine having at least two of these functions. In this type of fixing device, when the toner image passes through the nip portion, the toner of the toner image is heated, so that the recording medium that has exited the nip portion by acting as an adhesive acts on the surface of the fixing belt. There is a risk of winding while attached and troubles in conveyance of the recording medium, that is, jamming.
[0003]
Therefore, conventionally, a separation member composed of a plurality of separation claws or separation sheets is brought into contact with the surface of the fixing belt, and the recording medium that has exited the nip portion is separated from the surface of the fixing belt by the separation member, so that the recording medium is fixed. Prevents wrapping around the belt surface. However, when such a separating member is used, the toner adheres to the leading end of the separating member over time, and the leading end of the separating member may float from the surface of the fixing belt due to the adhered toner. In this case, a large gap is formed between the front end of the separation member and the surface of the fixing belt, and the recording medium may sink into the recording medium, which may cause the recording medium to jam.
[0004]
In view of this, a fixing device has been proposed in which the tip of the separating member is disposed away from the surface of the fixing belt so that the toner does not adhere to the tip of the separating member. However, when this configuration is adopted, a gap is formed between the separation member and the surface of the fixing belt. In this case as well, the leading edge of the recording medium that has passed through the nip portion may enter the gap and the recording medium may jam. I can't escape.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a fixing device that can more effectively reduce the winding of a recording medium around a fixing belt than before, and an image forming apparatus having the fixing device.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in the fixing device described at the beginning, the fixing belt portion is supported between the fixing belt portion downstream of the nip portion in the moving direction of the fixing belt and the support roller. A belt guide member for guiding the fixing belt is provided so as to be separated from the peripheral surface of the roller, and the fixing belt is a fixing belt portion of the fixing belt portion between the downstream end of the nip portion in the fixing belt moving direction and the belt guide member. The belt guide member is disposed so that the fixing belt portion on the upstream side in the moving direction contacts the peripheral surface of the support roller, and the belt guide member is formed in a columnar shape having a smaller diameter than the support roller. At the same time, a fixing device is proposed which is in contact with the peripheral surface of the support roller and is rotatably supported.
[0009]
The fixing device according to claim 1, further comprising a separation rotating body that separates a recording medium attached to the fixing belt, facing the fixing belt portion that contacts the belt guide member. Positioned with a small gap with respect to the fixing belt, the rotation of the separation rotating body moves in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the surface of the fixing belt at the facing portion between the separation rotating body and the fixing belt. It is advantageous if the body is configured to be rotationally driven (claim 2).
[0010]
Further, in the fixing device according to the second aspect, it is advantageous that unevenness is formed on the peripheral surface of the separation rotating body (third aspect).
[0011]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes an image forming apparatus having the fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 (claim 4).
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a part of the image forming apparatus. The image forming apparatus shown here includes an image forming unit 1 that forms a toner image on a recording medium, and a fixing device 2 that fixes the toner image on the recording medium. First, the outline of the image forming means 1 will be clarified.
[0014]
The image forming means 1 shown in FIG. 1 has first to fourth image carriers 3Y, 3M, 3C, 3BK configured as drum-shaped photosensitive members, and a yellow toner image is formed on each of the image carriers. A magenta toner image, a cyan toner image, and a black toner image are formed. A transfer belt 4 is disposed to face the first to fourth image carriers 3Y to 3BK, and the transfer belt 4 is wound around a driving roller 5 and a driven roller 6 and is driven to rotate in the direction of arrow A.
[0015]
Since the operation of forming the toner image on each of the first to fourth image carriers 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3BK is substantially the same, the toner image is applied to the first image carrier 3Y. Only the structure to be formed will be described. The image carrier 3Y is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1, and at this time, the image carrier is uniformly charged to a predetermined polarity by the charging roller 7. Next, the charged surface is irradiated with a light-modulated laser beam L emitted from the laser writing unit 8. As a result, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the image carrier 3Y, and the electrostatic latent image is visualized as a yellow toner image by the developing device 9.
[0016]
On the other hand, a recording medium P made of, for example, transfer paper or a resin sheet or a resin film is fed from a paper supply unit (not shown), and the recording medium P is transferred to the image carrier 3Y as indicated by an arrow B. It is fed between the belts 4 and is carried by the transfer belt 4 and conveyed. A transfer roller 10 is disposed at a position substantially opposite to the image carrier 3Y with the transfer belt 4 interposed therebetween, and a voltage having a polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the toner on the image carrier 3Y is applied to the transfer roller 10. As a result, the yellow toner image on the image carrier 3Y is transferred onto the recording medium P. The transfer residual toner that is not transferred to the recording medium P and remains on the image carrier 3Y is removed by the cleaning device 11.
[0017]
In exactly the same manner, a magenta toner image, a cyan toner image, and a black toner image are formed on the second to fourth image carriers 3M, 3C, and 3BK, respectively, and these toner images are transferred with a yellow toner image. The images are sequentially transferred onto the recording medium P.
[0018]
The recording medium P carrying the four color unfixed toner images as described above passes through the fixing device 2 as indicated by the arrow C, and at this time, the toner image is fixed on the recording medium P. The recording medium that has passed through the fixing device 2 is conveyed in the direction of arrow D and discharged onto a paper discharge tray (not shown).
[0019]
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the fixing device 2 shown in FIG. 1. The fixing device 2 shown here is an endless fixing belt 12 and a pressure roller which is an example of a counterpart fixing member for the fixing belt 12. 13. The fixing belt 12 is wound around a support roller 14 and a heating roller 15, and the pressure roller 13 is disposed to face the support roller 14 via the fixing belt 12 and is in pressure contact with the support roller 14. Further, the fixing belt 12 is pressed by a tension roller 18, and thereby the tension of the fixing belt 12 is adjusted to an appropriate magnitude. Each of the rollers 13, 14, 15, 18 rotates in the direction of the arrow, whereby the fixing belt 12 stretched between the support roller 14 and the heating roller 15 is rotationally driven in the direction of arrow F.
[0020]
Heaters 16 and 17 are provided inside the heating roller 15 and the pressure roller 13, respectively, whereby the heating roller 15, the fixing belt 12, and the pressure roller 13 are heated. The thermistors 19 and 20 are in contact with the surfaces of the fixing belt 12 and the pressure roller 13, respectively. The thermistors 19 and 20 detect the temperatures of the surface of the fixing belt 12 and the surface of the pressure roller 13, respectively. Based on the detection result, the heaters 16 and 17 are turned on and off, and the surface temperatures of the fixing belt 12 and the pressure roller 13 are maintained within a temperature range suitable for fixing the toner image.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2, the recording medium P carrying the unfixed toner image T is sent to the fixing device 2 as indicated by an arrow C as described above with reference to FIG. Passes through the nip portion N between the fixing belt 12 and the pressure roller 13 while being in contact with the fixing belt 12. At this time, heat and pressure are applied to the toner of the toner image, and the toner is melted. The image is fixed on the recording medium P. The recording medium P that has passed through the nip portion N is further conveyed to the exit roller pair 21 and is discharged out of the fixing device by the rotation of the exit roller pair 21.
[0022]
As in the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 1, an image forming apparatus that forms a full-color image is configured such that a plurality of toner images are transferred onto a recording medium P and the toner images are fixed by a fixing device 2. However, in order to reliably fix the toner image and obtain a high-quality image, it is preferable that the outer peripheral surface of the support roller 14 is made of a soft material. For this reason, in the fixing device 2 shown in FIG. 2, the support roller 14 is composed of a cylindrical cored bar 14A and an elastic layer 14B fixed to the outer peripheral surface thereof. The elastic layer 14B is made of, for example, silicone rubber having a thickness of several millimeters.
[0023]
As described above, the fixing device includes an endless fixing belt that is rotationally driven, and a counterpart fixing member (in the example of FIG. 2) that is disposed so as to face the support roller around which the fixing belt is wound. A pressure roller 13), and the recording medium is passed through a nip portion between the fixing belt and the other fixing member. When the recording medium passes, heat and pressure are applied to the toner of the toner image, and the toner image is applied to the recording medium. It is configured to be fixed. In the case of the fixing device 2 shown in FIG. 2, the recording medium P carrying the toner image T to be fixed is configured to pass through the nip portion N, and the fixing belt is wound around the support roller 14. The recording medium P is configured to pass through the nip portion N between the portion and the counterpart fixing member.
[0024]
By the way, as described above, when the toner image T carried on the recording medium P passes through the nip portion N, the toner of the toner image is heated and melted, so that the toner acts as an adhesive, There is a possibility that the recording medium P is wound without being separated from the surface of the fixing belt 12.
[0025]
Therefore, in the fixing device 2 of this example, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, the fixing is performed between the fixing belt portion 12 </ b> B downstream of the nip portion N in the fixing belt moving direction and the support roller 14. A belt guide member 24 for guiding the fixing belt 12 is provided so that the belt portion 12B is separated from the peripheral surface of the support roller 14. In addition, among the fixing belt portion between the belt guide member 24 and the downstream end NE of the nip portion N in the fixing belt movement direction, the fixing belt portion 12A on the upstream side in the fixing belt movement direction is on the peripheral surface of the support roller 14. The belt guide member 24 is disposed so as to come into contact.
[0026]
Although the belt guide member can be formed in an appropriate form, the belt guide member 24 of this example is formed in a cylindrical shape having a smaller diameter than the support roller 14 and is parallel to the support roller 14 over the entire width of the fixing belt 12. Each end portion in the longitudinal direction of the belt guide member 24 is supported by, for example, a side plate (see FIG. 1) of the case of the fixing device.
[0027]
If the above-described belt portion 12A is referred to as a belt upstream region as necessary, the belt upstream region 12A is in contact with the peripheral surface of the support roller 14, and therefore the axis X of the support roller 14 is centered. It has an arc shape. Therefore, the recording medium P that has exited the nip portion N is usually separated from the surface of the fixing belt 12 in the belt upstream region 12A. Such a separation method for separating the recording medium from the fixing belt by using the curvature of the fixing belt is generally referred to as curvature separation. When the recording medium P is not separated from the fixing belt 12 in the belt upstream region 12A, the recording medium is conveyed while adhering to the surface of the fixing belt 12, and reaches the portion where the belt guide member 24 is provided. At this time, the fixing belt portion 12B in contact with the belt guide member 24 is separated from the peripheral surface of the support roller 14 and is curved with a larger curvature than the belt upstream region 12A. The medium P is reliably separated in curvature from the surface of the fixing belt 12 as indicated by a chain line in FIG. The separated recording medium P is guided by the guide member 25 positioned slightly away from the fixing belt surface, reaches the exit roller pair 21 shown in FIG. 2, and is conveyed outside the fixing device by the exit roller pair 21. The
[0028]
As described above, the recording medium that has exited the nip N is normally separated from the fixing belt 12 by the curved surface of the belt upstream region 12A having a predetermined curvature, and only the recording medium that has not been separated is recorded here. As shown by the chain line in FIG. 3, the curvature is reliably separated from the surface of the fixing belt by the curved surface of the fixing belt portion 12B having a large curvature. By providing the belt guide member 24, the fixing belt portion 12B has a large curvature, and the recording medium can always be surely separated from the curvature.
[0029]
When a conventional separation member is used, there is a risk that the leading edge of the recording medium may enter the gap between the separation member and the surface of the fixing belt. However, in the fixing device shown in FIGS. The occurrence of such a problem can be prevented. Moreover, since many recording media are separated in curvature from the surface of the fixing belt in the belt upstream region 12A, the time during which the toner on the recording medium is in close contact with the surface of the fixing belt 12 can be made almost constant. In addition, the glossiness of the toner image after fixing can be made uniform to improve the image quality.
[0030]
The belt guide member 24 is arranged as shown in FIG. 8, and the fixing belt portion between the belt guide member 24 and the downstream end NE in the fixing belt moving direction of the nip portion N is pulled to the nip portion N. Even if the position of the belt guide member 24 is determined so as to extend in the direction of the tangent to the surface, the recording medium can be separated from the surface of the fixing belt by the large curvature of the fixing belt portion 12B in contact with the belt guide member 24. It is. However, according to this configuration, the entire fixing belt portion between the downstream end NE of the nip portion N in the fixing belt moving direction and the belt guide member 24 is linear in the moving direction, and the curved belt upstream. There is no side region 12A (FIG. 3). Therefore, the function of positively separating the recording medium immediately after exiting the nip portion N from the fixing belt surface cannot be obtained, and the recording medium portion to which a large amount of toner adheres is the fixing belt portion in contact with the belt guide member 24. The recording medium portion that is transported in close contact with the surface of the fixing belt up to 12B, and conversely has a small toner adhesion amount, floats from the surface of the fixing belt before reaching the fixing belt portion 12B. For this reason, the time during which the toner image on the recording medium is brought into close contact with the fixing belt 12 can vary, whereby the glossiness of the toner image after fixing becomes non-uniform, and the image quality is lowered.
[0031]
In the fixing device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, as described above, in many cases, the recording medium is forcibly separated from the surface of the fixing belt in the belt upstream region 12A. The time of contact with the surface of the fixing belt is almost constant, and the glossiness of the toner image after fixing can be made uniform. The glossiness of the toner image on the recording medium which is not separated from the surface of the fixing belt in the belt upstream region 12A but is curvature-separated from the surface of the fixing belt in the fixing belt 12B contacting the belt guide member 24, and the belt upstream region 12A However, it is rare for the recording medium to be conveyed to the fixing belt portion 12B while being in close contact with the surface of the fixing belt, which causes a major problem. It will never be.
[0032]
Also, the surface hardness of the pressure roller 13 of the fixing device 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is set higher than the surface hardness of the support roller 14, and the support roller 14 is higher than the pressure roller 13 at the nip portion N. If the surface of the fixing device is configured to undergo greater compression deformation, the leading end of the fixing device that has exited the nip portion N tends to move along the peripheral surface of the pressure roller 13, so the belt upstream region 12 </ b> A. The recording medium can be more effectively separated from the surface of the fixing belt.
[0033]
The diameter of the belt guide member 24 shown in FIG. 3 can be set as appropriate, but the diameter is preferably set to about 3 to 6 mm. If the diameter is smaller than 3 mm, the belt guide member 24 may be greatly bent and deformed by an external force applied from the fixing belt 12, and if the diameter is larger than 6 mm, the curvature separation performance of the recording medium is deteriorated. There is a fear. In this case, the diameter of the support roller 14 is about 40 to 60 mm.
[0034]
Further, the winding angle θ around which the belt upstream region 12A is wound around the support roller 14 can be set as appropriate. However, when the diameter of the support roller 14 is the above-mentioned value, it is preferable that the winding angle θ is set to 5 ° to 10 °. It has been confirmed by experiments that it can be obtained.
[0035]
Although the belt guide member 24 can be disposed away from the peripheral surface of the support roller 14, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the belt guide member 24 is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the support roller 14, the belt Even when the guide member 24 receives a large external force from the fixing belt 12, the belt guide member 24 is received by the peripheral surface of the support roller, so that bending deformation of the belt guide member 24 can be suppressed. When the belt guide member 24 is greatly bent and deformed, the gap between the fixing belt portion 12 </ b> B that contacts the belt guide member 24 and the tip of the guide member 25 becomes uneven in the longitudinal direction of the belt guide member 24. For this reason, there is a possibility that the gap becomes too narrow and the leading end of the guide member 25 comes into contact with the surface of the fixing belt, or conversely, the gap becomes too large and the leading end of the recording medium enters the gap and causes a jam. However, when the belt guide member 24 is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the support roller 14, the occurrence of such a problem can be prevented.
[0036]
Further, when the belt guide member 24 is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the support roller 14, the belt guide member 24 is preferably rotatably supported on a case side plate of the fixing device via a bearing, for example. If the belt guide member 24 is supported in a non-rotatable manner, the belt guide member 24 pressurized by the fixing belt 12 will rub against the peripheral surface of the support roller 14 while being rubbed against each other. There is a possibility that the surface of 14 deteriorates early. On the other hand, if the belt guide member 24 is supported rotatably, the belt guide member 24 is driven by the rotation of the support roller 14 and rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. The applied external force is reduced, and the problem that the peripheral surface of the support roller 14 deteriorates early can be prevented. When the belt guide member 24 rotates in the direction of the arrow, the belt guide member 24 comes into sliding contact with the fixing belt 12.
[0037]
4 and 5 show a separation for separating the recording medium attached to the fixing belt 12 so as to face the fixing belt portion 12B in contact with the belt guide member 24 instead of the guide member 25 shown in FIGS. The example which provided the rotary body 22 is shown. The separation rotator 22 is fixed to a shaft 23 extending in parallel with the support roller 14 and the belt guide member 24, and the shaft 23 is rotatably supported by, for example, a side plate of the fixing device case. The separation rotator 22 is positioned with a small gap δ with respect to the fixing belt 12, and the surface of the separation rotator 22 is the surface of the fixing belt 12 at the facing portion between the separation rotator 22 and the fixing belt 12. The separation rotator 22 is configured to be rotationally driven by a driving device (not shown) in a direction of moving in the direction opposite to the moving direction.
[0038]
A gap δ between the separation rotator 22 and the surface of the fixing belt 12 is set to 0.1 to 1 mm, for example. Thus, by separating the separating rotating body 22 slightly from the surface of the fixing belt 12, it is possible to prevent the separation rotating body 22 from contacting the fixing belt surface and scratching the surface. Further, the peripheral surface of the separation rotator 22 may be smooth, but a large number of irregularities extending in the axial direction of the separation rotator 22 are formed on the peripheral surface of the separation rotator 22 of this example. At this time, separation is performed on a tangent TA drawn on the fixing belt portion excluding the belt upstream region 12A in the fixing belt portion between the belt guide member 24 and the downstream end NE of the nip portion N in the fixing belt moving direction. It is preferable to arrange the separation rotator 22 so that the teeth formed by the irregularities on the peripheral surface of the rotator 22 are located. Furthermore, although the number of the separation rotators 22 can be set as appropriate, it is preferable to use a plurality of separation rotators 22 fixed to the shaft 23 and spaced apart from each other as shown in FIG.
[0039]
By providing the separation rotating body 22 described above, even when the recording medium cannot be separated from the surface of the fixing belt only by the above-described curvature separation action by the belt guide member 24, the recording medium can be reliably separated from the surface of the fixing belt. It becomes. That is, as indicated by a chain line in FIG. 5, when the leading end of the recording medium P adhering to the surface of the fixing belt reaches the facing portion between the separation rotator 22 and the fixing belt 12, the separation rotator 22 rotates in the above-described direction. As a result, the recording medium P is peeled off from the surface of the fixing belt 12, and the recording medium P is conveyed in a direction away from the surface of the fixing belt 12 to reach the exit roller pair 21. Is done. When the recording medium P is easily separated from the surface of the fixing belt due to the large curvature of the fixing belt portion 12B with which the belt guide member 24 comes into contact, and still cannot be separated, the recording medium is reliably fixed by the separation rotating body 22. It separates from the surface. As described above, the cooperative action of the belt guide member 24 and the separation rotator 22 can prevent the recording medium P from being wound around the surface of the fixing belt 12 and causing a jam. As shown in FIG. 6, by providing a plurality of separation rotating bodies 22, it becomes possible to reliably separate the recording medium P of any width size from the fixing belt 12.
[0040]
In the fixing device 2 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the leading end side of the recording medium P is caught by the exit roller pair 21 and a part of the recording medium P is attached to the surface of the fixing belt 12. When a large amount of toner is present on the medium P and the recording medium is strongly adhered to the fixing belt 12, in the conventional fixing device, the adhesive force of the recording medium to the fixing belt is too strong, and the recording medium is the fixing belt. In the fixing device of this example, the separation rotator 22 actively pulls the recording medium P off the surface of the fixing belt 12 while being rotated. Since an external force is exerted on the recording medium P, the recording medium P is not pulled back toward the fixing belt 12 to cause a jam.
[0041]
As described above, if a gap δ is formed between the separation rotator 22 and the fixing belt 12, the tip of the recording medium P adhering to the surface of the fixing belt 12 may be embedded in the gap δ. Since the separation rotator 22 is rotated in the direction in which the recording medium P is pulled out from the gap δ, even if the leading end of the recording medium enters the gap δ, the recording medium is immediately rotated by the rotating separation rotator 22. The recording medium P is pulled out from the gap δ and is prevented from being wound around the surface of the fixing belt 12. For example, there is a large amount of toner in the central portion in the width direction of the recording medium P, and due to the adhesive force, the recording medium P that has exited the nip portion N strongly adheres to the fixing belt 12, and Even if the leading end enters the gap δ, the plurality of separation rotating bodies 22 applies an external force to the recording medium P in a direction to pull out the leading end from the gap δ, and the leading end of the central portion of the recording medium P is fixed to the fixing belt. 12 away from the surface. As a result, the recording medium P is conveyed without being wound around the surface of the fixing belt 12.
[0042]
The rotational speed of the separation rotator 22 can be set as appropriate. If the linear outermost radial speed of the separation rotator 22 and the surface linear speed of the fixing belt 12 facing the separation rotator 22 are greatly different, Since the recording medium is conveyed at almost the surface linear velocity of the fixing belt, the surface linear velocity of the separation rotator 22 and the conveyance speed of the recording medium are greatly different, thereby recording while contacting the separation rotator 22. When the medium moves, the toner image on the recording medium may have a streak-like mark due to the contact of the separating rotator, which may deteriorate the image quality.
[0043]
Therefore, it is preferable to set the rotation speed of the separation rotator 22 so that the linear outermost radial speed of the separation rotator 22 is substantially equal to the surface linear velocity of the fixing belt 12 facing this. More specifically, when the magnitude of the linear velocity at the outermost portion in the radial direction of the separation rotating body 22 shown in FIG. 5 is V1, and the magnitude of the surface linear velocity of the fixing belt 12 is V2, V1 and V2 Are separated, and preferably, the separation rotator 22 is rotationally driven so that V1 = V2. As a result, there is no difference in the speed between the outermost part of the separation rotator 22 and the recording medium P in contact therewith, or the difference becomes extremely small. Thus, no scraping force is applied, and streaks can be prevented from being formed on the toner image.
[0044]
Further, as can be seen from FIG. 5, if the surface of the separation rotator 22 has irregularities, the leading edge of the recording medium P engages with the irregularities, so that the separation rotator 22 removes the recording medium from the fixing belt 12. The action of peeling off is enhanced, and the separation function of the separation rotating body 22 is further improved.
[0045]
In addition, the separation rotator can be constituted by, for example, an endless belt wound around a plurality of rollers. However, when the separation rotator is composed of rollers as in the illustrated example, the configuration can be simplified, and Cost can be kept low. In addition, when the recording medium P comes into contact with the separation rotator 22, only the uneven projections on the surface of the separation rotator come into contact with the toner image on the recording medium. However, the trace is not conspicuous and can be ignored, and deterioration of the image quality can be prevented.
[0046]
Other configurations of the fixing device 2 shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 and the configuration of the image forming apparatus having the fixing device 2 are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. The elements shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 corresponding to the elements in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3.
[0047]
Incidentally, the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 1 discharges the recording medium P that has passed through the fixing device 2 as it is to the paper discharge tray, and conveys the recording medium P as indicated by an arrow E. After reversing the front and back, it is sent to an intermediate paper feeder (not shown), and then the recording medium is fed again from this side, with the other side opposite to the side on which the toner image has already been fixed turned up. Then, as indicated by the arrow B again, the respective image carriers 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3BK are passed while being conveyed by the transfer belt 4, and four color unfixed toner images can be formed on the other surface of the recording medium. It is configured as follows. Then, by passing the recording medium again through the fixing device 2, the toner image carried on the other surface is fixed to the recording medium, and subsequently the recording medium is conveyed in the direction of arrow D and discharged to the discharge tray. To do.
[0048]
As described above, when the recording medium P is sent to the fixing device 2 again, a toner image that has already been fixed on one surface of the recording medium P is carried as shown by reference numeral T1 in FIGS. An unfixed toner image T is carried on the other surface. When the recording medium P carrying the toner image T1 and the unfixed toner image T passes through the nip portion N of the fixing device 2, the toner image T1 contacts the surface of the pressure roller 13. At this time, the toner image T1 When the toner is heated and melted, the toner of the toner image T1 acts as an adhesive, and the recording medium may adhere to the surface of the pressure roller 13 and be wound around the surface.
[0049]
Therefore, each fixing device 2 described above is provided with another separating rotating body 22 </ b> A configured in the same manner as the above-described separating rotating body 22 so as to face the counterpart fixing member formed of the pressure roller 13. The relationship between the separation rotator 22A and the pressure roller 13 is not substantially different from the relationship between the separation rotator 22 and the fixing belt 12 described above. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the recording medium P from being wound around the circumferential surface of the pressure roller 13.
[0050]
The fixing device in which the fixing member of the fixing belt 12 is the pressure roller 13 has been described above, but the present invention can be widely applied to other types of fixing devices. For example, a fixing device composed of an endless fixing belt that is also driven to rotate while a partner fixing member is also wound around a roller, a fixing device composed of a member that does not rotate the partner fixing member, and a recording medium superimposed on an image carrier composed of an endless belt. A fixing device that fixes the toner image transferred to the recording medium by passing the image carrier and the recording medium through the nip portion of the fixing belt and the other fixing member, and an unfixed toner image on both sides of the recording medium. The present invention is also applied to a fixing device that transfers a toner image carried on both sides of the recording medium to the recording medium by passing the recording medium through a nip portion between the fixing belt and the counterpart fixing member. It can be applied without hindrance. When the other fixing member is also composed of a fixing belt, a belt guide member can be provided between the fixing belt and the supporting roller that supports the fixing belt in the same manner as in each of the above-described examples. Thus, a separation rotating body can be provided.
[0051]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a toner image T is transferred from a photosensitive member (not shown) onto the intermediate transfer member 26, and the toner image T is preheated by a heater (not shown), and then the fixing belt 12 and the intermediate transfer member are transferred. The recording medium P is passed through the nip portion N with the body 26. At this time, the toner image on the intermediate transfer body 26 is transferred onto the recording medium by the action of heat and pressure, and the toner image is fixed on the recording medium. The present invention can also be applied to the fixing device 2. In this case, the intermediate transfer member 26 also serves as the other fixing member of the fixing belt 12. Elements corresponding to the respective constituent elements of the above-described fixing device in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the above-described example.
[0052]
Further, FIG. 1 shows an example in which a fixing device 2 is provided in an image forming apparatus that forms a color image, but the present invention can also be applied to an image forming apparatus that forms a monochromatic image and its fixing device. The present invention can be widely applied to image forming apparatuses such as copying machines, facsimiles, and multi-function machines.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to more reliably separate the recording medium from the surface of the fixing belt than before, and it is possible to prevent or effectively suppress the problem that the recording medium is wound around the surface of the fixing belt and the jam occurs.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the fixing device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2;
4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2, showing another example of the fixing device. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a part of FIG. 4 further enlarged.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a separation rotating body.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another example of the fixing device.
FIG. 8 shows a problem when the belt guide member is arranged so that the entire fixing belt portion between the downstream end of the nip portion in the fixing belt moving direction and the belt guide member is separated from the peripheral surface of the support roller. It is a figure explaining.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Fixing device
12 Fixing belt
12A Fusing belt part
12B Fusing belt part
14 Support roller
22 Separation rotating body
24 Belt guide member
N Nip part
NE downstream end
P Recording medium
T Toner image
δ gap

Claims (4)

回転駆動される定着ベルトと、該定着ベルトが巻き掛けられた支持ローラに該定着ベルトを介して対向配置された相手定着部材とを有し、前記定着ベルトと前記相手定着部材との間のニップ部に記録媒体を通過させ、その通過時に、トナー像のトナーに熱と圧力を加えて該トナー像を記録媒体に定着する定着装置において、
前記ニップ部よりも前記定着ベルト移動方向下流側の定着ベルト部分と前記支持ローラとの間に、該定着ベルト部分が支持ローラの周面から離間するように当該定着ベルトを案内するベルトガイド部材を設け、前記ニップ部の定着ベルト移動方向下流側端と、前記ベルトガイド部材との間の定着ベルト部分のうち、定着ベルト移動方向上流側の定着ベルト部分が、前記支持ローラの周面に接触するように、当該ベルトガイド部材を配置し、該ベルトガイド部材は、前記支持ローラよりも小径な円柱状に形成されていると共に、前記支持ローラの周面に当接し、かつ回転可能に支持されていることを特徴とする定着装置。
A nip between the fixing belt and the counterpart fixing member, the fixing belt being rotationally driven, and a counterpart fixing member disposed opposite to the support roller around which the fixing belt is wound through the fixing belt. In a fixing device for passing a recording medium through a section and fixing the toner image to the recording medium by applying heat and pressure to the toner of the toner image during the passage,
A belt guide member for guiding the fixing belt between the fixing belt portion downstream of the nip portion in the fixing belt moving direction and the support roller so that the fixing belt portion is separated from the peripheral surface of the support roller. The fixing belt portion on the upstream side in the fixing belt moving direction of the fixing belt portion between the downstream end of the nip portion in the fixing belt moving direction and the belt guide member is in contact with the peripheral surface of the support roller. The belt guide member is arranged, and the belt guide member is formed in a columnar shape having a smaller diameter than the support roller, is in contact with the peripheral surface of the support roller, and is rotatably supported. A fixing device.
前記ベルトガイド部材に接触する定着ベルト部分に対向して、該定着ベルトに付着した記録媒体を分離する分離回転体を設け、該分離回転体は定着ベルトに対して微小なギャップをあけて位置し、該分離回転体と定着ベルトとの対向部にて、分離回転体の表面が定着ベルト表面の移動方向と逆方向に移動する向きに該分離回転体を回転駆動する請求項1に記載の定着装置。  A separation rotator for separating the recording medium adhering to the fixing belt is provided opposite to the fixing belt portion in contact with the belt guide member, and the separation rotator is located with a minute gap with respect to the fixing belt. 2. The fixing according to claim 1, wherein the separation rotator is rotationally driven in a direction in which a surface of the separation rotator moves in a direction opposite to a moving direction of the surface of the fixing belt at a facing portion between the separation rotator and the fixing belt. apparatus. 前記分離回転体の周面に凹凸が形成されている請求項2に記載の定着装置。  The fixing device according to claim 2, wherein unevenness is formed on a peripheral surface of the separation rotating body. 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の定着装置を有していることを特徴とする画像形成装置。  An image forming apparatus comprising the fixing device according to claim 1.
JP2002112585A 2002-04-15 2002-04-15 Fixing device and image forming apparatus having the fixing device Expired - Fee Related JP3885943B2 (en)

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JP4923381B2 (en) * 2004-01-15 2012-04-25 富士ゼロックス株式会社 Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus
JP4696846B2 (en) * 2005-10-25 2011-06-08 富士ゼロックス株式会社 Fixing device
JP2008070582A (en) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-27 Ricoh Co Ltd Fixing device and image forming apparatus
JP4927612B2 (en) * 2007-03-26 2012-05-09 京セラミタ株式会社 Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus
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