JP3885486B2 - Polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomer and method for producing high purity (meth) acrylic acid - Google Patents

Polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomer and method for producing high purity (meth) acrylic acid Download PDF

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JP3885486B2
JP3885486B2 JP2000349504A JP2000349504A JP3885486B2 JP 3885486 B2 JP3885486 B2 JP 3885486B2 JP 2000349504 A JP2000349504 A JP 2000349504A JP 2000349504 A JP2000349504 A JP 2000349504A JP 3885486 B2 JP3885486 B2 JP 3885486B2
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meth
acrylic acid
polymerization inhibitor
polymerization
inhibitor composition
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JP2002155021A (en
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恵一 山口
英明 堀田
紀之 増田
聡一 野村
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Toagosei Co Ltd
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Toagosei Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、ビニル単量体用の重合防止剤組成物、特に、アクリル酸及びメタクリル酸(以下、両者を併せて「(メタ)アクリル酸」という。)用の重合防止剤に関するもので、さらには、該重合防止剤組成物を用いた高純度(メタ)アクリル酸の製造方法に関するもので、化学品製造技術に属するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
(メタ)アクリル酸は、プロピレンやイソブチレンなどを、酸化触媒及び水蒸気の存在下、分子状酸素で酸化することにより得られるが、このとき副反応生成物として、酢酸、ギ酸、プロピオン酸、アセトアルデヒド、ホルムアルデヒド、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素などが同時に生成される。
【0003】
このような反応生成物及び未反応のプロピレンや、アクロレインを含む混合ガスを冷却して水に吸収させると、(メタ)アクリル酸、酢酸、ギ酸、プロピオン酸及びアルデヒド類などを含む水溶液(粗(メタ)アクリル酸)が得られる。
【0004】
したがって、(メタ)アクリル酸の製造にあたっては、最終的に上記粗(メタ)アクリル酸水溶液から(メタ)アクリル酸を分離する工程、さらには精製する工程が必要であるが、近年は、(メタ)アクリル酸中に存在する上記のような不純物の量が著しく少ない高純度の(メタ)アクリル酸が求められてきており、分離や精製工程での蒸留操作をいかに効率的に行うかが、非常に重要な要件となってきている。
【0005】
一方、(メタ)アクリル酸は、光や熱によって重合し易い化合物であることから、その製造、輸送あるいは保存中の重合を防止するため、種々の重合防止剤が単独あるいは数種組み合わされて添加使用されている。
【0006】
例えば、ビニル化合物の重合防止剤として、ジフェニルアミン、p−フェニレンジアミン、フェノチアジン、ハイドロキノン、メチレンブルー、フェニル−β−ナフチルアミン、レゾルシノールなどは、従来から知られており、広範に使用されているものでもある。
【0007】
また、それらの重合防止剤を組み合わせて使用することも知られており、例えば、特開平5−194614号公報には、N,N’−ジニトロソフェニレンジアミンとフェニチアジン、ハイドロキノン又はハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルを併用したものが、アクリル酸及びそのエステルの重合抑制に効果のあることが示され、特開平8−3099号公報には、p−フェニレンジアミン化合物とフェノール化合物、フェノチアジンを併用したものが、(メタ)アクリル酸の重合を効果的に防止したことが示されている。
【0008】
(メタ)アクリル酸を工業的に製造し、しかも、上記した高純度の(メタ)アクリル酸を得るためには、分離や精製工程での蒸留、すなわち、不純物として存在する水、酢酸及びアルデヒド類を除去して精製する蒸留工程、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸の精留塔、(メタ)アクリル酸水溶液に水との共沸溶剤を加えた後に行う脱水蒸留の蒸留塔又は(メタ)アクリル酸水溶液から(メタ)アクリル酸を溶剤で抽出した溶液から(メタ)アクリル酸と溶剤との分離塔、(メタ)アクリル酸と酢酸などの低沸分との分離塔、及び低沸分としてのアクロレイン、メタクロレインなどのアルデヒド類のストリッパーなどにおいて、かなり厳しい条件で操作することが必要で、また、工業的製造方法であるためには、効率的であることが求められている。
【0009】
しかしながら、前記した公知の重合防止剤やそれらを組み合わせて得られる重合防止剤を用いては、厳しい条件下、即ち高温下でしかも長期に渡る蒸留操作において、(メタ)アクリル酸の重合を防止することは困難であり、重合防止のためには多量に重合防止剤を使用するしかなかった。しかし実際には、過剰に重合防止剤を使用することもできず、蒸留塔の長期の連続操業は事実上不可能であった。
【0010】
そのため、蒸留塔などにおいては、数ヶ月でポップコーン状態の重合体や粘調性の重合体が発生し、この発生により塔が閉塞するため操業を停止し、塔内を清掃し、重合体を除去する必要が生じ、効率的な操業を行うことが困難で、その解決が強く求められている。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
発明者等は、知られている多くの重合防止剤について、その特性を調査し、それらの組み合せについて研究したところ、ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル及びフェノチアジンの三種類の重合防止剤を併用、特にある一定の割合で併用すると、それぞれの単独使用又は2種併用の場合を凌駕する効果を発揮し、上記課題を解決し得ることを見出し、この発明を完成したのである。
【0012】
すなわち、この発明は、優れたビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物、特に、熱により容易に重合する(メタ)アクリル酸の重合防止に効果の優れた重合防止剤組成物を提供せんとするもので、さらには精製された(メタ)アクリル酸を製造する際の蒸留工程における、(メタ)アクリル酸の重合を効果的に阻害し、効率的な製造を可能とする高純度(メタ)アクリル酸の製造方法を提供せんとするもので、より具体的には、一年間以上の連続操業が可能な高純度(メタ)アクリル酸の製造方法を提供せんとするものである。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の目的を達成するため、この発明のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物は、ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル及びフェノチアジンを主成分とすること
を特徴とするものである。
【0014】
請求項2に記載の発明は、ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル及びフェノチアジンを主成分とし、その併用割合が40〜80質量%:1〜30質量%:10〜50質量%であること
を特徴とするビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物である。
【0015】
請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1又は2記載の発明のビニル単量体が、アクリル酸若しくはそのエステル、又はメタクリル酸若しくはそのエステルであること
を特徴とするビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物である。
【0016】
請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項1又は2に記載の発明のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物の存在下に蒸留して精製すること
を特徴とする高純度アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸の製造方法である。
【0017】
以下、この発明のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物、及び高純度(メタ)アクリル酸の製造方法について詳細に説明する。
【0018】
この発明において、ビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物の主成分は、ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル及びフェノチアジンの3種の化合物である。
【0019】
これら化合物は、いずれも重合防止剤として公知のもので、市販されているものでもあって、この発明においては、それら市販品を使用することができる。
【0020】
これら3種の化合物の併用割合は、実験室での試験結果及び生産装置における結果から、相乗効果が顕著に認められる、ハイドロキノン40〜80質量%、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル1〜30質量%、フェノチアジンが10〜50質量%の割合であることが好ましい。
ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルの使用量が、1質量%未満であると重合防止効果が不足し易く、一方30質量%を越えて使用しても重合防止効果に顕著な差異はない。
ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルは後述のとおり、比較的沸点が低いため、ビニル単量体の蒸留操作等において気相部にも拡散して、一旦気化した該単量体が蒸留塔内壁で冷却されて凝縮する際に起こる重合を効果的に防止する。
【0021】
さらに好ましい併用割合としては、ハイドロキノン50〜70質量%、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル5〜15質量%及びフェノチアジンが20〜40質量%の割合であり、また、ハイドロキノンとフェノチアジンの併用割合が1:1〜6:1(質量比)であるのが好ましい。
【0022】
これらの発明におけるビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物の使用量は、重合防止を図るビニル単量体の種類、その環境条件などにより、大きく変動する。
例えば、単に貯蔵保管の際に使用するビニル単量体の重合防止であれば、ビニル単量体中に5〜100ppm存在すればよいが、これらの発明の主たる目的であるビニル単量体の生産装置における蒸留に際しての重合防止であれば、通常ビニル単量体中400〜2000ppmとなるように使用するのが好ましい。
【0023】
これらの発明におけるビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物が適用されるビニル単量体の具体例としては、(メタ)アクリル酸、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、2−エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートおよびステアリル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキル(メタ)アクリレート、2−ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2−ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、4−ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、(メタ)アクリルアミド、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、ビニルピロリドン、スチレン、α−メチルスチレンおよびビニルトルエン等が挙げられる。
これらのなかでは、ラジカル重合性が高く、重合防止の効果の高い重合防止剤を適用することが望まれる(メタ)アクリル酸および(メタ)アクリル酸エステルに適用するのが好ましく、さらに好ましいのは(メタ)アクリル酸への適用である。
【0024】
工業的な生産装置の個々の装置におけるビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物の使用適正量は、装置の規模、装置の運転条件等を勘案して試験的に定める必要があり、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸の製造に際して、抽出溶剤を蒸留塔で除去する場合、又は副生した酢酸を蒸留塔で除去する場合における蒸留塔内の処理液中の適正量としては、400〜1500ppmである。
【0025】
この発明において、ビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物の使用方法には特に制限なく、原則的には、従来公知の重合防止剤と同様にして添加すればよく、工程中間液、有機溶媒又は製品などの溶液として添加してもよい。
【0026】
ビニル単量体は加熱され一部が気化した状態にあり、しかも分子状酸素のような重合防止剤が適用し難い状況となる蒸留塔においては、他のプロセスにおけるビニル単量体と比較して単量体は重合を起こし易いので、この発明の重合防止剤組成物は、このような蒸留塔に添加するという使用方法が特に好ましい。
また、添加時期についても特に制限はなく、3成分を個別に、あるいは同時に、例えば一つの溶液の形で添加して使用することができる。
【0027】
この発明の主たる目的であるビニル単量体の生産装置における蒸留に際しての重合防止に際しては、蒸留塔への供給液に直接、配管もしくは貯槽を利用して溶解することにより、また蒸留塔の留出液の一部を取り出して添加溶解し蒸留塔に戻すということにより目的を達成することができる。
【0028】
また、特に重合が起こり易い蒸留塔に対しては、これらのビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物を直接添加するのが好ましく、溶液状態のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物を、該当蒸留塔の塔頂又は中段などに添加投入するのが好ましい。
【0029】
これらのビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物を、有機溶剤溶液として供給液や還流液に添加する場合、使用する溶剤としては、メチルエチルケトン、トルエンなどが用いられるが、新たな不純物要因とならないように、すでに供給液や還流液に存在する、共沸又は抽出溶剤として用いられた溶剤を用いるのが好ましい。
【0030】
また、前記の蒸留塔などの塔底液、特に、最終的に高純度の(メタ)アクリル酸を得る蒸留塔(精留塔)の塔底液には、ビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物が蓄積されているので、その塔底液そのものを、ビニル単量体用の重合防止剤組成物溶液として、粗(メタ)アクリル酸の貯槽、配管、蒸留塔などに添加して使用するのが好ましく、操作を阻害することのないビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物の再利用であり省資源的である。
【0031】
これらの塔底液も、前記したように、重合し易い蒸留塔の塔頂から、好ましくは中段に添加して、該蒸留塔内の重合を防止できる。
【0032】
この発明のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物は、従来公知の重合防止剤、例えば、ジフェニルアミン、ジアルキル(又はフェニル)ジチオカルバミン酸銅塩(アルキル基:メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル)、テトラアルキル(又はフェニル)チウラムジスルフィド(アルキル基:メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル)、メチレンブルーなどと組み合わせて使用することも可能である。
【0033】
また、この発明のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物は、重合防止効果の認められている分子状酸素と併用することが好ましい。この分子状酸素の供給方法については、エアーバブリングなどにより、蒸留塔やストリッパーの塔底、あるいはリボイラーからガス状でビニル単量体含有工程液に供給すると、工程内の全体に容易に行きわたる。
【0034】
分子状酸素は、ビニル単量体の蒸発蒸気量に対して0.1〜5容量%程度供給するのが望ましい。
【0035】
【作用】
この発明のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物を構成する三成分、すなわち、ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル及びフェノチアジンは、いずれも重合防止効果があるとされる公知の化合物であり、それぞれ、以下のような特性を有するものと推定される。
【0036】
ハイドロキノン
液相の酸素存在下で効力を発揮する。
ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル
比較的低沸点であり、蒸留操作において、気相部にも拡散するので、蒸留塔内壁面でのビニル単量体の凝縮による重合の防止に有効。
フェノチアジン
液相の酸素非存在下で効力を発揮する。すなわち、脱気されたビニル単量体や無酸素状態になり易い個所のビニル単量体に有効。
【0037】
しかしながら、この発明が奏する効果、特に上記三成分の併用による相乗効果は、如何なる作用によりもたらされるものであるか、以上のような特性からは全く判断できないが、上記三成分を併用することにより、ビニル単量体、特に(メタ)アクリル酸の重合防止、しかも高温に維持される蒸留塔内においても、効果的に、その重合が防止できる。
【0038】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げてこの発明を、さらに具体的に説明する。
【0039】
[実施例1]
蒸留して重合防止剤を除去したアクリル酸に、表1に示す割合(質量比)の化合物を総量で200ppm添加した試験液の50mlを、空気吹き込み管を有するフラスコに投入し、オイルバスで温度120℃に加温維持した。加温中、試験液には空気を100ml/min吹き込んだ。
この条件下で、目視により測定した各試験液の重合開始時間を表1に示す。
尚、表中の略号Hqはハイドロキノン、Mqはハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル、PZはフェノチアジンを示す。
【0040】
【表1】

Figure 0003885486
【0041】
[実施例2]
プロピレンの酸化によるアクリル酸の製造装置における、アクリル酸の精留塔、アクリル酸と抽出溶剤との分離塔、アクリル酸と酢酸などの低沸分との分離塔などの塔内における、アクリル酸の重合を防止するため、
ハイドロキノン60質量%、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルが10質量%及びフェノチアジンが30質量%の割合からなる重合防止剤のメチルイソブチルケトン溶液を調製した。
【0042】
調製した重合防止剤溶液を各塔頂より、原則として還流液中の濃度が650ppmになるように添加し、その濃度を維持して運転を続けた。
ただし、上記低沸分離塔は、特に重合が起こり易い塔であるため、該塔の塔底液(通常運転時には重合防止剤濃度が3000ppm程度に濃縮されている)を、特に重合が起こり易い中段の上部に供給し、中段から下の還流液中の濃度を770ppmとした。
【0043】
また、最終工程である精留前のアクリル酸中の重合防止剤濃度が350ppmであり、濃度調整のために、アクリル酸回収工程の塔底液(重合防止剤濃度が1%程度に濃縮されている)を加え、550ppmに濃度を調整した。
【0044】
以上の条件で運転を続けたところ、定期修理のために、運転を中止する迄の1年間、各塔に異常は認められず、順調に運転することができた。
【0045】
【発明の効果】
この発明の三成分からなるビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物によれば、各成分の単独のものに比べて、(メタ)アクリル酸の重合防止効果が著しく高く、(メタ)アクリル酸が極めて重合しやすい条件下でも、その重合を防止することができるので、(メタ)アクリル酸の製造において、その蒸留工程における重合が効果的に防止でき、(メタ)アクリル酸製造装置の長期にわたる連続運転を可能とする。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers, and more particularly to a polymerization inhibitor for acrylic acid and methacrylic acid (hereinafter referred to as “(meth) acrylic acid”). Relates to a method for producing high-purity (meth) acrylic acid using the polymerization inhibitor composition, and belongs to the chemical production technology.
[0002]
[Prior art]
(Meth) acrylic acid can be obtained by oxidizing propylene, isobutylene, etc. with molecular oxygen in the presence of an oxidation catalyst and water vapor. At this time, acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, acetaldehyde, Formaldehyde, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, etc. are produced at the same time.
[0003]
When such a reaction product and a mixed gas containing unreacted propylene and acrolein are cooled and absorbed in water, an aqueous solution containing (meth) acrylic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid and aldehydes (crude ( (Meth) acrylic acid).
[0004]
Therefore, in the production of (meth) acrylic acid, a step of finally separating (meth) acrylic acid from the above crude (meth) acrylic acid aqueous solution and a step of purification are necessary. ) High-purity (meth) acrylic acid with extremely low amounts of the above-mentioned impurities present in acrylic acid has been demanded, and how efficient the distillation operation in the separation and purification process is. It has become an important requirement.
[0005]
On the other hand, (meth) acrylic acid is a compound that is easily polymerized by light or heat, so various polymerization inhibitors are added alone or in combination to prevent polymerization during production, transportation or storage. in use.
[0006]
For example, as a polymerization inhibitor for vinyl compounds, diphenylamine, p-phenylenediamine, phenothiazine, hydroquinone, methylene blue, phenyl-β-naphthylamine, resorcinol and the like are conventionally known and widely used.
[0007]
It is also known to use these polymerization inhibitors in combination. For example, in JP-A-5-194614, N, N'-dinitrosophenylenediamine and phenothiazine, hydroquinone or hydroquinone monomethyl ether are used in combination. Is effective in inhibiting the polymerization of acrylic acid and its ester. JP-A-8-3099 discloses that a combination of a p-phenylenediamine compound, a phenol compound and phenothiazine is (meth) It has been shown to effectively prevent the polymerization of acrylic acid.
[0008]
In order to produce (meth) acrylic acid industrially and to obtain the above-described high-purity (meth) acrylic acid, distillation in separation and purification processes, that is, water, acetic acid and aldehydes present as impurities Distillation step for removing and purifying, for example, rectifying column of (meth) acrylic acid, distillation column for dehydration distillation after adding azeotropic solvent with water to (meth) acrylic acid aqueous solution or (meth) acrylic acid aqueous solution (Meth) acrylic acid from a solution extracted with a solvent from a (meth) acrylic acid and solvent separation tower, (meth) acrylic acid and a low-boiling fraction such as acetic acid, and acrolein as a low boiling point, In strippers of aldehydes such as methacrolein, it is necessary to operate under considerably severe conditions, and to be an industrial production method, it is required to be efficient.
[0009]
However, by using the above-mentioned known polymerization inhibitors and polymerization inhibitors obtained by combining them, the polymerization of (meth) acrylic acid is prevented under severe conditions, that is, under a high temperature and long-term distillation operation. In order to prevent polymerization, a large amount of polymerization inhibitor must be used. However, in practice, the polymerization inhibitor cannot be used excessively, and long-term continuous operation of the distillation column is virtually impossible.
[0010]
For this reason, in a distillation column or the like, a popcorn polymer or a viscous polymer is generated in a few months, and this generation blocks the tower, so the operation is stopped, the inside of the tower is cleaned, and the polymer is removed. Therefore, it is difficult to operate efficiently, and there is a strong demand for a solution.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The inventors investigated the characteristics of many known polymerization inhibitors and studied their combination. In combination with three kinds of polymerization inhibitors, hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether and phenothiazine, in particular, certain It has been found that, when used in combination at a ratio of 1, the effect of surpassing the case of each single use or the combination of two types can be achieved, and the above-mentioned problems can be solved, and the present invention has been completed.
[0012]
That is, the present invention provides an excellent polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers, particularly a polymerization inhibitor composition that is effective in preventing polymerization of (meth) acrylic acid that is easily polymerized by heat. In addition, the high-purity (meth) acrylic that effectively inhibits the polymerization of (meth) acrylic acid and enables efficient production in the distillation step when producing purified (meth) acrylic acid It is intended to provide a method for producing acid, and more specifically, a method for producing high-purity (meth) acrylic acid capable of continuous operation for one year or more.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers of the present invention is characterized by comprising hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether and phenothiazine as main components.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether and phenothiazine are the main components, and the combined ratio is 40 to 80% by mass: 1 to 30% by mass: 10 to 50% by mass. It is a polymerization inhibitor composition for monomers.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 3 is a polymerization inhibitor for vinyl monomers, wherein the vinyl monomer according to claim 1 or 2 is acrylic acid or an ester thereof, or methacrylic acid or an ester thereof. Agent composition.
[0016]
The invention described in claim 4 is a high-purity acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, which is purified by distillation in the presence of the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers according to the invention described in claim 1 or 2. It is a manufacturing method.
[0017]
Hereinafter, the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers and the method for producing high-purity (meth) acrylic acid according to the present invention will be described in detail.
[0018]
In this invention, the main components of the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers are three compounds of hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether and phenothiazine.
[0019]
These compounds are all known as polymerization inhibitors and are commercially available, and in the present invention, these commercially available products can be used.
[0020]
The combined proportions of these three compounds are hydroquinone 40 to 80% by mass, hydroquinone monomethyl ether 1 to 30% by mass, phenothiazine 10 It is preferable that it is a ratio of -50 mass%.
When the amount of hydroquinone monomethyl ether used is less than 1% by mass, the polymerization preventing effect tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, even if it exceeds 30% by mass, there is no significant difference in the polymerization preventing effect.
Since hydroquinone monomethyl ether has a relatively low boiling point as described later, it diffuses into the gas phase during the vinyl monomer distillation operation and the like, and once vaporized, the monomer is cooled and condensed on the inner wall of the distillation tower. Effectively prevents the polymerization that takes place.
[0021]
More preferable combination ratios are hydroquinone 50 to 70 mass%, hydroquinone monomethyl ether 5 to 15 mass%, and phenothiazine 20 to 40 mass%, and the combined ratio of hydroquinone and phenothiazine is 1: 1 to 6: 1 (mass ratio) is preferable.
[0022]
The amount of the vinyl monomer polymerization inhibitor composition used in these inventions varies greatly depending on the type of vinyl monomer to be prevented from polymerization and its environmental conditions.
For example, if the polymerization of the vinyl monomer used only during storage and storage is to be prevented, the vinyl monomer may be present in an amount of 5 to 100 ppm, but the production of the vinyl monomer which is the main purpose of these inventions In order to prevent polymerization during distillation in the apparatus, it is usually preferable to use the vinyl monomer in an amount of 400 to 2000 ppm.
[0023]
Specific examples of vinyl monomers to which the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers in these inventions is applied include (meth) acrylic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) Alkyl (meth) acrylates such as acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate and stearyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxy Examples include butyl (meth) acrylate, methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile, vinylpyrrolidone, styrene, α-methylstyrene and vinyltoluene. That.
Among these, it is preferable to apply to (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid ester, which are desired to apply a polymerization inhibitor having a high radical polymerizability and a high polymerization preventing effect, and more preferably Application to (meth) acrylic acid.
[0024]
Appropriate amount of the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomer in each device of an industrial production device needs to be determined experimentally in consideration of the scale of the device, the operating conditions of the device, etc. In the production of (meth) acrylic acid, when the extraction solvent is removed by a distillation column or when acetic acid produced as a by-product is removed by a distillation column, the appropriate amount in the treatment liquid in the distillation column is 400 to 1500 ppm.
[0025]
In the present invention, the method for using the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomer is not particularly limited, and in principle, it may be added in the same manner as a conventionally known polymerization inhibitor. You may add as solutions, such as a product.
[0026]
In the distillation column where the vinyl monomer is heated and partially vaporized, and it is difficult to apply a polymerization inhibitor such as molecular oxygen, compared to the vinyl monomer in other processes. Since the monomer easily undergoes polymerization, the method of use in which the polymerization inhibitor composition of the present invention is added to such a distillation column is particularly preferred.
There is no particular limitation on the timing of addition, and the three components can be added individually or simultaneously, for example, in the form of one solution.
[0027]
In the polymerization prevention during distillation in the vinyl monomer production apparatus, which is the main object of the present invention, by dissolving directly in the feed liquid to the distillation tower using a pipe or storage tank, The purpose can be achieved by taking out a part of the liquid, adding and dissolving it, and returning it to the distillation column.
[0028]
In addition, it is preferable to add these vinyl monomer polymerization inhibitor compositions directly to a distillation column that is particularly susceptible to polymerization. It is preferable to add to the top or middle of the distillation column.
[0029]
When these polymerization inhibitors for vinyl monomers are added as an organic solvent solution to a supply solution or a reflux solution, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene or the like is used as a solvent, but it does not become a new impurity factor. In addition, it is preferable to use a solvent used as an azeotropic or extraction solvent which is already present in the feed solution or the reflux solution.
[0030]
In addition, a polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomer is used in the bottom liquid of the above-described distillation tower, particularly in the bottom liquid of a distillation tower (rectifying tower) that finally obtains high-purity (meth) acrylic acid. Since the product is accumulated, the column bottom liquid itself is added to a crude (meth) acrylic acid storage tank, piping, distillation column, etc. as a polymerization inhibitor composition solution for vinyl monomers. Is preferable, and it is a resource-saving and reuse of the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomer that does not hinder the operation.
[0031]
As described above, these column bottom liquids can also be added preferably from the top of the distillation column, which is easily polymerized, to the middle stage to prevent polymerization in the distillation column.
[0032]
The polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers of the present invention is a known polymerization inhibitor such as diphenylamine, dialkyl (or phenyl) dithiocarbamic acid copper salt (alkyl group: methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl), tetraalkyl. It can also be used in combination with (or phenyl) thiuram disulfide (alkyl group: methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl), methylene blue and the like.
[0033]
In addition, the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers of the present invention is preferably used in combination with molecular oxygen that is recognized to have a polymerization prevention effect. As for the method of supplying molecular oxygen, if the gaseous monomer is supplied in a gaseous form from the bottom of a distillation column or stripper or from a reboiler to the vinyl monomer-containing process liquid by air bubbling or the like, it easily reaches the entire process.
[0034]
It is desirable to supply molecular oxygen in an amount of about 0.1 to 5% by volume with respect to the amount of vapor vapor of the vinyl monomer.
[0035]
[Action]
The three components constituting the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers of the present invention, that is, hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether and phenothiazine are all known compounds that are said to have a polymerization-inhibiting effect, It is estimated that it has such characteristics.
[0036]
Hydroquinone Effective in the presence of liquid phase oxygen.
Hydroquinone monomethyl ether Since it has a relatively low boiling point and diffuses into the gas phase during distillation, it is effective in preventing polymerization due to condensation of vinyl monomer on the inner wall of the distillation column.
Phenothiazine Shows efficacy in the absence of liquid phase oxygen. In other words, it is effective for vinyl monomers that have been degassed and vinyl monomers that tend to become oxygen-free.
[0037]
However, the effect exhibited by the present invention, in particular, the synergistic effect due to the combined use of the above three components, can be determined from what kind of action it is caused by the above characteristics, but by using the above three components together, Polymerization of vinyl monomers, particularly (meth) acrylic acid, can be effectively prevented even in a distillation column maintained at a high temperature.
[0038]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
[0039]
[Example 1]
50 ml of a test solution prepared by adding 200 ppm of the compound (ratio by mass) shown in Table 1 to the acrylic acid from which the polymerization inhibitor has been removed by distillation was added to a flask having an air blowing tube, and the temperature was measured with an oil bath. The temperature was maintained at 120 ° C. During the heating, air was blown into the test solution at 100 ml / min.
Table 1 shows the polymerization start time of each test solution measured visually under these conditions.
In the table, the abbreviation Hq represents hydroquinone, Mq represents hydroquinone monomethyl ether, and PZ represents phenothiazine.
[0040]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003885486
[0041]
[Example 2]
Acrylic acid rectification tower, acrylic acid and extraction solvent separation tower, acrylic acid and acetic acid low-boiling separation tower in towers such as acrylic acid production equipment by propylene oxidation To prevent polymerization,
A methyl isobutyl ketone solution of a polymerization inhibitor comprising 60% by mass of hydroquinone, 10% by mass of hydroquinone monomethyl ether and 30% by mass of phenothiazine was prepared.
[0042]
The prepared polymerization inhibitor solution was added from the top of each column in principle so that the concentration in the reflux liquid was 650 ppm, and the operation was continued while maintaining the concentration.
However, since the low boiling separation column is a column that is particularly susceptible to polymerization, the bottom liquid of the column (the concentration of the polymerization inhibitor is concentrated to about 3000 ppm during normal operation) is used as the middle stage where polymerization is particularly likely to occur. The concentration in the reflux liquid from the middle to the bottom was set to 770 ppm.
[0043]
In addition, the concentration of the polymerization inhibitor in acrylic acid before rectification, which is the final step, is 350 ppm. To adjust the concentration, the bottom liquid of the acrylic acid recovery step (the concentration of polymerization inhibitor is concentrated to about 1%). The concentration was adjusted to 550 ppm.
[0044]
When the operation was continued under the above conditions, no abnormality was observed in each tower for one year until the operation was stopped for regular repairs, and the operation was successful.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the three-component polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomer of the present invention, the polymerization prevention effect of (meth) acrylic acid is remarkably higher than that of each component alone, and (meth) acrylic acid is Since the polymerization can be prevented even under extremely easy polymerization conditions, the polymerization in the distillation process can be effectively prevented in the production of (meth) acrylic acid, and the (meth) acrylic acid production apparatus can be continuously used for a long time. Enable driving.

Claims (4)

ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル及びフェノチアジンを主成分とすること
を特徴とするビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物。
A polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers, comprising hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether and phenothiazine as main components.
前記ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル及びフェノチアジンの併用割合は、
40〜80質量%:1〜30質量%:10〜50質量%であること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物。
The combined proportion of hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether and phenothiazine is:
It is 40-80 mass%: 1-30 mass%: 10-50 mass%, The polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.
前記ビニル単量体は、
アクリル酸若しくはそのエステル、又はメタクリル酸若しくはそのエステルであること
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物。
The vinyl monomer is
It is acrylic acid or its ester, or methacrylic acid or its ester, The polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.
請求項1又は2記載のビニル単量体用重合防止剤組成物の存在下に蒸留して精製すること
を特徴とする高純度アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸の製造方法。
A method for producing high-purity acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, which is purified by distillation in the presence of the polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomers according to claim 1 or 2.
JP2000349504A 2000-11-16 2000-11-16 Polymerization inhibitor composition for vinyl monomer and method for producing high purity (meth) acrylic acid Expired - Lifetime JP3885486B2 (en)

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