JP3881643B2 - Wood dryer and drying method using the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a timber dryer for artificially drying wood, in particular a cold air dehumidifying drying temperature and humidity automatic control, the vacuum dehumidifying drying intermittently reduced pressure from the water content 20-30% approximately, the dry matter The present invention relates to a wood dryer capable of drying wood in a drying room in a short time by a rectifying core that uniformly blows air.

Conventionally, as an artificial drying method for wood, firstly, there is a hot air drying method. In this system, steam is applied to the wood to be dried in a drying chamber, and hot wood is blown to dry. The reason for applying steam is to prevent the surface of the wood from being heated and cracked by blowing hot air, and to transfer the heat from the hot air into the wood by the steam. Therefore, in this method, the temperature and humidity of the drying chamber change greatly with time, and therefore the temperature and humidity of the wood also change greatly. Therefore, cracks, cracks, deformation, shrinkage, etc. of the wood are likely to occur when the wood is dried. In addition, there is a problem that a large amount of heat is required to generate steam and hot air, and the fuel cost for that is high.
In addition, high-temperature air heated by a heat radiating unit provided on the ceiling or side of the drying chamber is blown into the drying chamber by a blower, and the moisture in the wood is evaporated and dried while circulating and circulating again to the heat radiating unit. However, since the hot air blown to the ceiling part descends along the inner wall surface, it will circulate from the bottom position to the heat radiating part, and hot air does not flow evenly to the internal position or both end positions of the wood, There has been a problem that the wood tends to bend and crack due to uneven drying. In addition, in drying with hot air temperature maintained at about 50 ° C. and humidity of 70 to 80%, it takes about two weeks to completely dry the wood, resulting in high fuel costs and hot air temperature to shorten the drying time. When the height is increased, there is a problem that cracking of the wood further increases.
The second of the artificial drying methods includes dehumidification using a sheathed heater. In this method, wind for drying wood is circulated in the drying room, the circulating wind is cooled and dehumidified, and the cooled and dehumidified wind is heated. Mix ultraviolet rays with the wind and send it to the drying chamber. Moisture generated from the wood is removed by cooling and dehumidifying the circulating wind, and the wood is dried by mixing the heated wind with ultraviolet rays or the like and blowing it onto the wood. However, since ultraviolet rays having a short wavelength are applied to the wood, the surface of the wood becomes dark and power consumption is high.
In order to solve these problems, (Patent Document 1) states that “a fan that circulates air in a drying box containing wood, a heater that raises the air in the drying chamber to a predetermined value, A dehumidifier for reducing the humidity of the drying chamber and a decompressor for reducing the atmospheric pressure in the drying chamber, a humidity sensor for detecting the humidity in the drying chamber is provided, and when the detected value of the humidity sensor exceeds a predetermined value, the humidity sensor Disclosed is a control device for a wood dryer that operates a dehumidifier and stops the pressure reducer, and stops the dehumidifier and activates the pressure reducer when a detected value of a humidity sensor becomes a predetermined value or less. ing.
Further, (Patent Document 2) states that “a wood drying apparatus that houses wood in a hermetically sealed and heat-insulated drying chamber and circulates air in the drying chamber, and cools and dehumidifies the circulating wind. A cooling and dehumidifying device, a heating device that warms the cooled and dehumidified wind, a far-infrared heater that passes the warmed wind to heat the wind and mixes far-infrared rays with the wind, and a wind that mixes far-infrared rays There is disclosed a “wood drying device” comprising a delivery device for delivery into the drying chamber.
(Patent Document 3) “A circulation fan that forcibly feeds air downward is arranged on the ceiling of the drying chamber, and a heater that heats the forced air is arranged on both lower sides thereof. A far-infrared heater is disposed on the lower wall of the drying chamber where the dried material is placed, and the outside wall is provided with an outside air inlet for introducing outside air into the drying chamber and air in the drying chamber. A “drying device provided with an exhaust port for discharging outside” is disclosed.
(Patent Document 4) “Push by providing an air supply section that discharges hot air in multiple upper and lower stages on one inner wall surface along the longitudinal direction of the hermetic chamber and an air intake section that draws hot air in multiple upper and lower stages on the other inner wall surface. A “drying device” is disclosed in which hot air is forcibly sucked and circulated from an air supply portion to an air intake portion by a pull method to allow hot air to flow evenly in a room in a horizontal direction.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-12035 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-325677 No. 4-33757 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-82690

However, the above conventional techniques have the following problems.
(1) In (Patent Document 1), drying is performed while maintaining the temperature in the drying box at 50 ° C. or higher and the humidity at 60 to 70%, but when the drying temperature is 50 ° C. or higher, the surface of the wood is discolored. In addition, there is a problem that the scent of wood disappears and a cooling period for cooling to the atmospheric temperature after drying is required. Further, since there is no air path in the drying box, the wood cannot be dried uniformly, and there is a problem that warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. are likely to occur. Furthermore, since outside air is inhaled during drying, there is a problem that uniform control of temperature and humidity is difficult.
(2) In (Patent Document 2), since the drying is performed while maintaining the temperature in the drying device at 30 ° C. to 60 ° C., there is a problem that the surface of the wood is discolored and the scent of wood is lost. It was. Further, since the air passage is provided only on the upper surface of the drying device, it is not possible to blow air from the upper surface or the side surface in the longitudinal direction with respect to the wood, and air is blown from only one end surface in the longitudinal direction. There was a problem that drying could not be performed and cracks would occur at the end face. Furthermore, since outside air is inhaled during drying, there is a problem that uniform control of temperature and humidity is difficult.
(3) In (Patent Document 3), since a fan is forcibly supplied to the ceiling of the drying chamber and an air passage is formed by the partition wall, hot air can be circulated. Since it is performed by a far infrared heater disposed on both side walls of the drying chamber, there is a problem that drying is uneven and warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. of the wood occur. Further, although the drying chamber is sealed, there is a problem that it takes time to dry due to the structure that cannot be decompressed.
(4) In Patent Document 4, an air supply section that discharges hot air in multiple upper and lower stages on one inner wall surface along the longitudinal direction of the hermetic chamber, and an air intake section that draws hot air in upper and lower multistages on the other inner wall surface are provided. The hot air is forced to be sucked and circulated from the air supply part to the air intake part by the push-pull method, so that the hot air flows in the room in the horizontal direction. However, there was a problem that the air supply side was dried rapidly, and warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. occurred. Further, although the drying chamber is sealed, there is a problem that it takes time to dry due to the structure that cannot be decompressed.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and since the drying temperature is low, it can be dried in a short time without damaging the wood , so it has low power consumption and excellent energy saving properties, especially when wood is dried. There are almost no defects such as warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc., and the surface of the wood after drying is shiny and fragrant, so it has high commercial value, and the moisture contained in the wood is collected without waste as a by-product. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wood dryer that can be used effectively, and to provide a drying method that is excellent in energy saving and can obtain a high-quality dried product.

In order to solve the above problems, the wood dryer of the present invention has the following configuration.
The wood dryer according to claim 1 of the present invention is arranged in a drying chamber in which a ceiling portion, a side wall portion and a floor portion are formed in a double structure by an outer wall and an inner wall, and a front wall portion of the drying chamber. A hermetic door, a heat insulating layer disposed between the outer wall and the inner wall, a dehumidifier disposed on the rear wall side of the drying chamber, and an outdoor compressor connected to the dehumidifier And an outdoor vacuum pump that is connected to the drying chamber and evacuates the drying chamber, and a plurality of air holes are formed at predetermined intervals from the ceiling and side walls of the drying chamber. A rectifying core that forms a path, one or more circulation fans disposed on the ceiling and side walls of the drying chamber, a dolly loaded with wood to be dried, and a dehumidifier and intake pipe having an intake port for collecting the water taken out from the timber to the dry outdoor is, the temperature of the drying chamber A temperature sensor for measuring, has a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity of the drying chamber, the arrangement comprises a pressure sensor for measuring the vacuum degree of the drying chamber.

This configuration has the following effects.
(1) The ceiling, side wall, and floor of the drying chamber are formed in a double structure with an outer wall and an inner wall, and are arranged between a hermetic opening / closing door disposed on the front wall and the outer wall and the inner wall. Since it has a heat insulating layer, heat dissipation from the drying chamber and heat absorption from the outside of the drying chamber can be suppressed to increase the efficiency during cooling and heating in the drying chamber, and the temperature in the drying chamber can be stabilized at a low temperature. Can keep.
(2) The dehumidifier is disposed on the rear wall side of the drying chamber, and is arranged at a predetermined interval from the ceiling portion of the drying chamber and the inner wall of the side wall portion to form an air passage, and the ceiling of the drying chamber And a circulation fan disposed on the inner wall of the side wall, so that a plurality of winds formed on the rectifying core while circulating the dehumidified dry air through the air path of the ceiling or side wall. Evenly dry air can be blown to wrap the wood to be dried from the hole, keeping the drying chamber in uniform drying conditions, especially when the wood is dried, warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. Can be prevented.
(3) Since the wood to be dried is provided with a carriage which is loaded, and loading the timber on the carriage, can be easily taken in and out and conveyance to the drying chamber.
(4) Since the intake pipe having the intake port for collecting the moisture taken out from the wood is provided outside the drying chamber, the collected collected water can be effectively used as a by-product.
(5) A temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the drying chamber, a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity in the drying chamber, and a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure in the drying chamber are used to monitor the state of the drying chamber and to optimize the drying conditions Can be set.
(6) By having an outdoor vacuum pump, the inside of the drying chamber can be depressurized and the temperature inside the chamber can be kept low, and the moisture in the center of the wood is actively transferred in the surface direction for drying. Time can be shortened, and in particular, when wood is dried, the difference in moisture between the center and the surface of the wood can be reduced to prevent warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, and the like.

Here, as the heat insulating layer, a heat insulating material which is rich in flexibility and can be easily used for heat insulation of industrial equipment, such as glass wool, foamed polyurethane, rock wool, etc., formed into a plate shape is preferably used.
It is desirable to open the doors of the drying room with double doors. Thereby, even a large cart can be easily put in and out of the drying chamber, so that a large amount of wood can be dried at a time. The size of the drying chamber may be changed by such location or processing capacity, the internal volume is formed at about 20m ³ ~80m ^3. Moreover, it can also be made in-vehicle, and it can be moved and dried at the site where wood is accumulated. The open / close door may be opened manually or electrically.
Moreover, it is preferable that the circulation fan arrange | positioned by the ceiling part of a drying chamber and the inner wall of a side wall part can move in parallel between the front surface and rear surface of a drying chamber. Thereby, a drying chamber can be made into uniform drying conditions by adjusting a wind direction and an air volume. The circulation fan can also be disposed on the bottom surface of the drying chamber. Thereby, the dry air in a drying chamber can be stirred and it can be set as a more uniform dry state.
Furthermore, it is preferable to prepare a plurality of sets of trolleys for loading wood . Thereby, the wood to be dried next during drying can be loaded in advance on the carriage, and the preparation time before drying can be shortened.
The cart may be taken in and out manually, or an electric sliding means may be provided in the drying chamber and moved automatically.

Invention of Claim 2 is a wood dryer of Claim 1, Comprising: The rail part of the both sides which are arrange | positioned on the floor part of the said drying chamber, and guides the wheel arrange | positioned at the said cart, and the said cart A carriage guide part having a stopper part for fixing the fixed position to a predetermined position, a mass sensor for measuring the mass of wood loaded on the carriage, and a water amount sensor for measuring the amount of water collected from the intake pipe. It has the composition which is.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) The carriage is easily guided to a predetermined position in the drying chamber by including a carriage guide portion having a rail portion for guiding a wheel disposed on the carriage in the drying chamber and a stopper portion for fixing the carriage in a predetermined position. Can be installed.
(2) By having a mass sensor that measures the mass of the wood loaded on the carriage and a water volume sensor that measures the amount of water collected from the water intake, the dry condition of the wood is confirmed and optimum drying conditions are set. be able to.
(3) Since it is equipped with a mass sensor that measures the mass of the wood loaded on the carriage and a water sensor that measures the amount of water collected from the water intake, especially when the wood is dried, the moisture content of the wood It can be grasped and can be dried under conditions suitable for the dry state of the wood.

Here, the mass sensor for measuring the mass of the wood may be disposed in the drying chamber, and the mass may be measured together with the cart, or may be disposed on the cart. When the mass sensor is arranged on the carriage, when loading the wood on the carriage, it is possible to easily detect the mass of the wood on the carriage, grasp the loading amount, and improve the work efficiency.
Furthermore, when drying wood, a moisture meter that measures the moisture content of the wood may be installed instead of the mass sensor or the water amount sensor. Thereby, a moisture content can be measured directly. Moreover, you may use together with a mass sensor or a water amount sensor, and in this case, a more accurate moisture content can be grasped | ascertained and it can dry on optimal conditions.
As the moisture content meter, a needle type or a surface contact type is used. In particular, the surface contact type is suitable without damaging the surface of the wood.
Further, the carriage guide portion disposed in the drying chamber has a rail portion for guiding the wheels disposed on the bottom surface portion of the carriage and a stopper portion for stopping and / or fixing the carriage, thereby easily drying the carriage. It can be guided in and out of the room, and can be installed at a predetermined position, and can be prevented from accidentally hitting the inner wall surface and equipment of the drying room.

Invention of Claim 3 is a wood dryer of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The said rectification | straightening core is a ceiling board, The side board suspended from each right and left of the said ceiling board, A back plate that is connected to the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates and has an opening facing the front surface of the dehumidifier on the lower end side, and a plurality of holes that are formed in the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates. And an air hole.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first or second aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) The rectifier core is connected to the ceiling plate, the side plate suspended from the left and right sides of the ceiling plate, the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates, and the opening facing the front surface of the dehumidifier at the lower end side Therefore, the air passages are formed between the inner wall of the ceiling and the side wall of the drying chamber and the rectifying core, and the dehumidified dry air is ceilinged from the rear wall side. Circulate by sending air to the front wall through the air passage in the front, and then sending it from the front wall to the rear wall through the inside of the rectifying core and the air passage on the side wall, so that the drying chamber is uniformly dried. Can do.
(2) A plurality of air holes are drilled in the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates of the rectifying core, so that the dehumidified air is blown uniformly so as to wrap the entire wood to be dried from the surroundings. Drying can be performed.

Here, the rectifying core is made of metal such as stainless steel, and a plurality of rows of air holes formed in the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates are formed by laser processing or the like.
It should be noted that the lowermost air holes of the left and right side plates are preferably formed at a position lower than the loading surface of the carriage. Thereby, the dry air which flowed in from the air hole of the side plate can be sent upward from the bottom side of the carriage, and more uniform drying can be performed.
Further, it is preferable that the corner portion of the rectifying core is formed in an arc shape in order to rectify the dry air. Thereby, the strength can be increased and the breakdown voltage can be increased.
Furthermore, it is desirable to provide arc-shaped rectifying plates at the corners formed by the ceiling and front wall of the drying chamber, the ceiling and side walls, and the floor and side walls. As a result, the dry air flowing from the rear side of the drying chamber can be guided from the front to the floor, from the ceiling to the side wall, and from the side to the floor, and can be smoothly circulated.

A fourth aspect of the invention is the wood dryer according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein at least one jig for arranging and supporting the wood to be dried on the carriage is disposed. It has the structure which is made.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 3, the following operation is provided.
(1) By placing a jig on the carriage, the wood to be dried can be opened and spaced at regular intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions to efficiently align and support multiple pieces of wood at a time under uniform conditions. Can be dried.
(2) The bottom timber is also aligned and supported on the jig and loaded on the cart to form a gap between the loading surface of the cart and the bottom of the timber. Dry air can be passed through the side and bottom surfaces, and a uniform dry state can be achieved.
(3) Since the timber is stacked vertically by the jig, vertical warping or bending during loading is forced during drying, and the quality of the timber can be improved.
Here, the jig is preferably formed of a metal such as iron or stainless steel. Thereby, sufficient strength can be obtained and the wood can be safely supported.
In addition, if drilling is performed in the longitudinal direction in the central part of the wood to the extent that it does not affect the structural strength, the surface part and the central part are dried more uniformly, there is no cracking, bending, etc., and the drying time can be shortened. it can.

Invention of Claim 5 is a wood dryer of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 4, Comprising: Each value of the said temperature sensor, the said humidity sensor, and the said pressure sensor and the program set beforehand And a control unit that controls the dehumidifier, the outdoor compressor, and the outdoor vacuum pump.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 4, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since it is equipped with a control unit that controls the dehumidifier, outdoor compressor, and outdoor vacuum pump based on the value of each sensor and a preset program, the operation is automated and a dedicated operator is not required. Man-hours can be reduced.
(2) Since automatic operation by the control unit is possible, the running cost can be reduced by shortening the cycle by 24-hour operation or the like.
(3) Since the drying is performed based on the program set in advance by having the control unit, it is possible to prevent a setting error or an operation error, and to ensure reliability and quality.

Here, it is desirable that the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are disposed on an inner wall such as a side wall portion on the front wall side of the drying chamber away from the dehumidifier. Thereby, it is hard to receive the influence of dehumidification by a dehumidifier, cooling, or a heating, and can measure the temperature and humidity in a drying chamber.
Note that it is desirable that the control unit be disposed outside the drying chamber. Thereby, it can operate easily, without entering a drying chamber. Further, the control unit includes a main power switch for the drying chamber, a power switch for a circulation fan, and an automatic operation switch, and can set a setting temperature, a setting humidity, a reduced pressure, and the like as drying conditions. The automatic operation switch automatically operates the dehumidifier, the outdoor compressor, and the outdoor vacuum pump based on the set temperature, set humidity, and reduced pressure. Moreover, it is preferable that the controller has a timer function. Thereby, a driving | operation can be started and stopped automatically. Furthermore, it is desirable that the number of times of decompression by the outdoor vacuum pump can be set. Thereby, it can dry more efficiently by performing decompression intermittently. The control unit is preferably provided with a display unit for displaying values measured by the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, and the pressure sensor. Thereby, it is possible to work while easily confirming the state in the drying chamber during operation, and it is possible to reduce operation errors and the like.
Also, if settings such as temperature and humidity are not set numerically but are selected from preset wood types and production areas, not only operations are easy, but incorrect settings are made. The possibility can be reduced.
In particular, when drying wood, a mass sensor and a water amount sensor may be provided, and the controller may control the depressurization start moisture content based on the measured values of the mass sensor and the water amount sensor. Thereby, it can dry more according to the dry state of wood.

Invention of Claim 6 is a wood dryer of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5, Comprising: The hole diameter of the air hole drilled in the ceiling board of the said rectifying core is said A rear wall close to the dehumidifier is formed smaller on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and larger on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, and the hole diameter of the air hole formed in the side plate of the rectifying core is closer to the dehumidifier It has a configuration in which it is formed so as to be larger toward the side and smaller toward the front wall side away from the dehumidifier.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 5, the following operation is provided.
(1) The diameter of the air holes drilled in the ceiling plate of the rectifying core is smaller on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and larger on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, and is drilled on the side plate. The diameter of the air hole is larger on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and smaller on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, so that the dry air that flows from the rear wall side to the front wall side in the wind path of the ceiling part Of air flowing into the rectifying core from the air vents of the ceiling plate and the dry air flowing from the front wall side to the rear wall side through the air passages in the side walls from the air holes of the side plate to the rectifying core The amount of air flowing into the interior can be made uniform between the front wall side and the rear wall side to eliminate unevenness in drying. In particular, when wood is dried, warpage, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. can be prevented.

Here, in the rectifying core in which the hole diameters of the air holes drilled in the ceiling plate and the side plate are uniformly formed, the air flows from the air holes into the rectifying core on the front wall side and the rear wall side. The air flow became non-uniform and uneven drying occurred, particularly when wood was dried, causing warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, and the like. Paying attention to the fact that the direction of flow of the circulating dry air is different between the air flow in the ceiling and the air flow in the side wall, it flows through the area of the air holes drilled in the ceiling plate and side plate of the rectifying core. By making it smaller on the upstream side and larger on the downstream side, the amount of air flowing from the air hole into the inside of the rectifying core can be made uniform regardless of the location, and drying unevenness can be greatly improved. became.
The shape of the air hole is a circle or a long hole, and the diameter of the circle or the long hole is preferably 30 mm to 60 mm, and the length of the long hole is preferably 60 mm to 100 mm. As the diameter of the circle or long hole becomes smaller than 30 mm or the length of the long hole becomes shorter than 60 mm, there is a tendency that a sufficient air volume cannot be obtained and drying becomes slow, and the diameter of the circle or long hole is larger than 60 mm. However, as the length of the long hole becomes longer than 100 mm, a sufficient wind speed cannot be obtained, and it tends to be difficult to circulate the dry air in the drying chamber.

The pitch of the air holes is preferably 100 mm to 200 mm. As the pitch of the air holes becomes shorter than 100 mm, the air holes become too dense and sufficient air speed cannot be obtained, and there is a tendency that it is difficult to circulate dry air in the drying chamber. There is a tendency for drying to become slow, and neither is preferable. In particular, when wood is dried, it is desirable that the pitch be equal to the pitch at which the wood is aligned. As a result, it is possible to blow dry air evenly on the arranged and arranged woods to obtain a more uniform dry state.
The rectifying core is preferably fixed to the bottom surface of the drying chamber by bolting or the like and is detachable. Thereby, according to the target object to be dried, a plurality of rectifying cores having different sizes and pitches of the air holes can be selectively used to adjust the air volume. Further, the number and size of the air holes can be easily adjusted by attaching a cover that covers a part or the whole of the air holes.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is the wood dryer according to the fourth aspect , wherein the jig protrudes at a predetermined interval in a longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape and the flat plate portion. A plurality of support portions or a plurality of support portions that are detachably attached to the flat plate portion and / or slidably fixed in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion. At least a part of the side surface is supported.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the fourth aspect , the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the jig has a flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape and a plurality of support portions projecting at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction on the flat plate portion, the wood is easily equidistantly spaced horizontally. And a uniform dry state can be obtained by forming a gap between the timbers.
(2) Since the jig has a plurality of support portions that support at least a part of the bottom surface and side surface of the loaded wood, it is possible to reliably support the wood and prevent collapse during transportation.
(3) Since the jig has a plurality of support portions that support at least a part of the bottom surface and side surface of the loaded wood, it is easy to horizontally place the wood by loading the wood and the jig alternately on the carriage. In addition, a plurality of timbers can be dried at a uniform condition at a time by arranging and supporting them in a grid pattern in the vertical direction.
(4) The support portion disposed on the jig is fixed to the flat plate portion so as to be detachable and / or slidable in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion. Correspondingly, the wood can be aligned and supported at equal intervals, and uniform drying can be performed.

Here, the support portion is formed so as to support at least a part of the bottom surface and side surface of the wood, but the portion supporting the side surface is in contact with not only the upper wood but also the lower wood. It is desirable to form protrusions on the top and bottom. As a result, when the jig and the wood are alternately loaded, the support portion of the jig is sandwiched between the upper and lower and left and right woods so that the wood can be easily aligned in a grid pattern at equal intervals. In addition, the timber is reliably supported and the wood does not move during transportation, and uniform drying can be performed.
When the flat plate portion and the support portion are integrally formed, it is preferable to prepare a plurality of jigs having different support portion arrangement intervals. Thereby, the clearance gap between timbers can be kept constant by selecting a jig | tool according to the dimension of timber.
Further, the protrusions of the support portion may be formed in advance in a plurality of stages instead of one stage. Thereby, it can respond to the wood of a some dimension with one jig.
Moreover, it is preferable that the support part arrange | positioned detachably and / or slidably is fixed to the flat plate part by screwing etc. at the side surface. By fixing on the side, it can be easily attached and detached or slid without interfering with the wood to be loaded. Further, since the support portion is sandwiched between the upper and lower and left and right timbers after loading and there is no possibility of moving by receiving the mass of the timber, it is not necessary to be firmly fixed and the workability is excellent.

Invention of Claim 8 is a wood dryer of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 7, Comprising: A flat board and the leg part suspended from each right and left of the said flat board, The said, A flat plate having a plurality of air holes formed so as to be larger on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and smaller on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, and disposed between the rail portions on both sides of the cart guide unit. And a floor circulation fan disposed on the floor portion on the front wall side of the rectifying floor plate.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 7, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the rectifying floor plate includes a flat plate and leg portions suspended from the left and right sides of the flat plate, an air passage is formed between the floor portion and the flat plate, and the rectifying floor plate By arranging a floor circulation fan on the floor on the front wall side, the dry air can be blown from the front wall side to the rear wall side in the air channel, and the rear wall side close to the dehumidifier on the flat plate Since it has a plurality of air holes formed so as to be closer to the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, the air volume of the dry air flowing from the air holes toward the upper side of the drying chamber is reduced to the front wall side and the rear wall side. And uniform drying can be reduced.
(2) Since the rectifying floor plate and the floor circulation fan are arranged between the rail portions on both sides of the carriage guide section, it is an obstacle even when wood is carried into the drying chamber or carried out of the drying chamber by the carriage. In other words , dry air can be blown to the wood that is effectively loaded on the carriage and dried to obtain a more uniform dry state.
Here, the rectifying floor plate is made of metal such as stainless steel like the rectifying core, and the plurality of air holes are formed by laser processing or the like. Since the width of the rectifying floor plate is formed so as to fit between the rail portions on both sides of the carriage guide portion, it can be easily positioned and disposed on the floor portion of the drying chamber, and is excellent in maintainability.
In addition, it is desirable to form the loading surface of the carriage with a grid-like frame instead of a plate. Thereby, the drying air which flows in from the side surface side or the bottom surface side of the carriage can be applied to the bottom surface of the wood loaded on the carriage to perform more uniform drying.

A ninth aspect of the present invention is the wood dryer according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, comprising a vibration generator that vibrates the wood to be dried. Yes.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 8, the following operation is provided.
(1) The vibration generator can vibrate the wood , and the high-humidity air that has absorbed moisture near the surface of the wood and the dry air flowing into the rectifying core are actively stirred and replaced. Therefore, the dehumidification efficiency can be increased, and the wood can be dried in a short time.

Here, there are an inertia type, an electrodynamic type, and a hydraulic type as types of the vibration generator, but an inertia type that is small and easy to maintain is preferably used. The inertia-type vibration generator is an electric rotary type that applies vibration to draw a circular motion. The amplitude of the vibration generator is 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm. As the amplitude becomes smaller than 0.8 mm, the movement of high-humidity air on the surface of the wood tends to decrease, and the drying time tends to be insufficient due to the lack of replacement with dry air, and as it becomes larger than 1.5 mm. The whole wood resonates and vibrates greatly, and there is a tendency for the wood to fall off the cart or to change its shape. In particular, when the amplitude is smaller than 0.5 mm or larger than 2.0 mm, these tendencies become remarkable, which is not preferable.
Vibration generator is disposed on the side surface of the support frame or the like of the grating-like or the like timber is placed on the dolly or carriage which timber is stacked and stacked. In addition, it is preferable to arrange | position anti-vibration rubber in the wheel attachment part of a trolley | bogie, and it is preferable to arrange | position elastic members, such as anti-vibration rubber | gum and a spring, between a trolley | bogie and a support frame. Thereby, it can prevent that a vibration transmits to the wheel side of a trolley | bogie, and the timber on a trolley | bogie or a support frame can be vibrated.
Also, if measured before carrying the weight of the timber, because during drying can confirm the weight of the wood by measuring the collected amount of water by water sensor, without providing a load cell on the dolly Good.

A tenth aspect of the present invention is the wood dryer according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the air dryer is disposed in the drying chamber and compresses the drying air in the drying chamber. And an air supply pipe for supplying the compressed dry air connected to the air compressor to the wood .
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 9, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the dry air compressed by the air compressor can be sent by the air supply pipe, it is dried in places where dry air such as the inside of wood is difficult to reach or where air volume is insufficient and difficult to dry. Air can be sent, the drying time can be shortened, and a uniform and uniform dry state can be obtained.

Here, as for the air supply pipe, a desired number of branch pipes are taken out from the main pipe connected to the air compressor via a detachable joint part, and a Y-shaped or T-shaped connector, etc. if necessary. Branch off with a dry air take-out pipe. Thereby, parts other than the main pipe can be easily attached and detached, and does not get in the way when the wood and the rectifying core are taken in and out of the drying chamber, and is excellent in workability and maintenance.
The material for the air supply pipe is preferably a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, or a synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyethylene, or Teflon (registered trademark). It is desirable to use a synthetic resin tube that is flexible and foldable. Thereby, there is a degree of freedom of piping, the positional relationship with the wood to be dried can be easily adjusted, and it is lightweight and excellent in handleability.
For example, when drying wood, if a through hole parallel to the longitudinal direction is drilled in the center of the wood, the dry air can be penetrated by inserting the tip of the take-out pipe of the air supply pipe into the through hole. Since air can be fed into the hole, it can be dried from the inside of hard-to-dry wood to obtain a more uniform dry state, reducing the occurrence of cracks, bending, etc., and shortening the drying time Can do.

In the drying method using the wood dryer according to claim 11 of the present invention, the drying chamber of the wood dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is set within a range of 5 ° C to 40 ° C. Cold air dehumidification drying process performed so as to maintain a set temperature and a constant set humidity set in a range of 30% to 90%, and a set moisture content set in a range of a moisture content of 20% to 30% of the wood And a vacuum dehumidification step performed at a rate below the rate.
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) Since the set temperature in the cold air dehumidifying and drying process is a low temperature of 5 ° C to 40 ° C, there is almost no damage to the wood after drying. The surface of the product is glossy and the scent remains even after drying, increasing the commercial value.
(2) When the wood is dried, the free water in the wood is almost removed, and the water content is 20% to 30% or less at which the drying progresses slowly. Since the moisture is removed by cold air dehumidification, the drying time can be shortened, and warpage, cracking, shrinkage, bending and the like can be prevented.
(3) By having a cold air dehumidifying and drying step and a reduced pressure dehumidifying step, drying can be performed at a low temperature and in a short period of 4 to 7 days, thus saving electricity costs and reducing running costs. Can do.
(4) Since the cold air dehumidification drying is performed at a low temperature, even if the door of the dryer is opened and closed during drying, the environment in the drying chamber does not change greatly, and the dry state of the wood can be easily confirmed. .
(5) Since the set temperature in the cold air dehumidifying and drying step is a low temperature of 5 ° C. to 40 ° C., dehumidification is temporarily stopped in the middle of drying, and the fumigation is performed by diffusing moisture inside the wood and making it uniform It is possible to prevent only the surface from being dried first, and to prevent warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending and the like.

Here, the definition of the moisture content of wood represents the weight of water contained in percentage with respect to the total dry weight of wood.
The degree of decompression varies depending on the type of wood , but is preferably about 1.3 kPa to 13.3 kPa. As the reduced pressure becomes smaller than 1.3 kPa, the effect of the reduced pressure is not preferable, and as the reduced pressure becomes higher than 13.3 kPa, only the surface becomes easy to dry and the dehumidifying ability tends to decrease.
In the vacuum dehumidification process for drying the wood, the vacuum operation and the dehumidification operation are repeated once to several times to reduce the moisture content to about 15%. Thereby, while shortening drying time, generation | occurrence | production of a curvature, a crack, shrinkage | contraction, a bending, etc. can be prevented, and it is harmless to an environment.
In addition, when drying wood, by selecting the set temperature and set humidity set in the cold air dehumidification drying process, the set moisture content and the reduced pressure to start the vacuum dehumidification process, depending on the type and production area, Drying can be performed under suitable conditions according to the production area, and the occurrence of warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. can be prevented more reliably. This is because the moisture content and the manner of drying are different depending on the type of wood and the production area.
For example, with Kyushu wood and Hokkaido wood, it is necessary to lower the drying set temperature of Hokkaido wood. Thereby, it can be dried in a more natural state close to the environment of the production area, and warpage, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. can be reduced.
Moreover, since it dries at a low temperature close to the atmospheric temperature, moisture contained in the wood can be collected without waste and effectively used as a by-product.
The water collected by drying the wood contains essential oils. Especially, the essential oils collected from cedar and straw can be used as deodorants, fragrances, deodorants, insect repellents, etc. It is also useful as a by-product. Moreover, the water | moisture content which removed the essential oil contains several hundred or more types of components, and it can utilize it not only as a drinking water by refine | purifying, but can anticipate various uses. In addition, about 10 to 30 kg of essential oil can be collected from 1000 kg of wood such as cedar.

The invention according to claim 12 is a drying method using the wood dryer according to claim 11 , wherein the vibration generator of the wood dryer according to claim 9 performs the vibration generator during the cold air dehumidification drying step. It has a configuration that gives vibration to the wood loaded on the carriage.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the eleventh aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) By applying vibration to the wood to be dried by the vibration generator during the cold air dehumidifying and drying process, high-humidity air on the surface of the wood can be replaced with dry air, and the wood is dried in a short time. be able to.

Here, the vibration by the vibration generator is controlled by the moisture content of the wood . For example, the vibration is stopped at a moisture content of 30% or less for firewood and a moisture content of 25% or less for cedar, and dehumidification is performed. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of a crack and progress of the generated crack can be prevented, a yield can be improved, a uniform and high quality dry state can be obtained, and commercial value can be raised.

As described above, according to the wood dryer of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to invention of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) The ceiling, side wall, and floor of the drying chamber are formed in a double structure by the outer wall and the inner wall, and are arranged between the outer door and the inner wall of the hermetic opening / closing door disposed on the front wall. By having a heat insulating layer, heat dissipation from the drying chamber and heat absorption from the outside of the drying chamber can be suppressed to improve the efficiency during cooling and heating in the drying chamber, which is excellent in energy saving and stable temperature in the drying chamber at a low temperature. Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable wood dryer that can be maintained at a high temperature.
(2) The dehumidifier is disposed on the rear wall side of the drying chamber, and is arranged at a predetermined interval from the ceiling and side walls of the drying chamber to form an air passage, and the ceiling of the drying chamber A plurality of air holes formed in the rectifying core while circulating the dehumidified dry air through the air passages of the ceiling part and the side wall part. The air can be blown uniformly at low temperature so as to wrap the wood to be dried, and the drying chamber can be kept in uniform drying conditions, so it has excellent stability, especially when the wood is dried. It is possible to provide a highly reliable wood dryer that can prevent the occurrence of cracks, shrinkage, and bending.
(3) To provide a timber dryer with excellent workability in which a trolley on which timber to be dried is loaded is provided so that the timber is loaded on the trolley and can be easily put into and out of the drying chamber. Can do.
(4) Since it has a water intake pipe that is connected to the dehumidifier and has a water intake port for collecting the water taken out from the wood outside the drying chamber, the functionality that can effectively use the collected water as a by-product, saving It is possible to provide a wood dryer having excellent resource characteristics.
(5) By having a temperature sensor that measures the temperature in the drying chamber, a humidity sensor that measures the humidity in the drying chamber, and a pressure sensor that measures the pressure in the drying chamber, the state in the drying chamber can be monitored and is reliable. Therefore, it is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in operability and functionality that can set optimum drying conditions in accordance with the dry state.
(6) By having an outdoor vacuum pump, the inside of the drying chamber can be depressurized and the indoor temperature can be kept at a low temperature, and the moisture in the center of the wood is actively transferred in the surface direction for drying. The time can be shortened and energy saving is excellent, especially when drying wood, reducing moisture difference between the center and surface of the wood to prevent warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. It is possible to provide a wood dryer with excellent reliability that can be used.

According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to the effect of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) The carriage is easily guided to a predetermined position in the drying chamber by including a carriage guide portion having a rail portion for guiding a wheel disposed on the carriage in the drying chamber and a stopper portion for fixing the carriage in a predetermined position. Thus, it is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in reliability and functionality that can be installed in the same manner.
(2) Since it has a mass sensor that measures the mass of the wood loaded on the carriage and a water sensor that measures the amount of water collected from the water intake, the dry state of the wood can be confirmed, so it is highly reliable and the dry state In addition, it is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in operability and functionality capable of setting optimum drying conditions.
(3) Since it is equipped with a mass sensor that measures the mass of the wood loaded on the carriage and a water sensor that measures the amount of water collected from the water intake, especially when the wood is dried, the moisture content of the wood It is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in operability and functionality that can be grasped, is excellent in reliability, and can be dried under conditions suitable for the dry state of the wood .

According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 1 or 2, it has the following effects.
(1) The rectifying core has a ceiling plate, a side plate suspended from the left and right sides of the ceiling plate, and an opening that is connected to the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates and faces the front surface of the dehumidifier at the lower end side. Therefore, it is possible to form an air passage between the inner wall of the ceiling part of the drying chamber and the inner wall of the side wall part and the rectifying core. Air can be circulated from the rear wall side to the front wall side through the ceiling air path, and further from the front wall side to the rear wall side through the inside of the rectifying core and the side wall air path, It is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in functionality and reliability that can make the drying chamber into a uniform dry state.
(2) By providing a plurality of air holes in the ceiling plate, right and left side plates, and back plate of the rectifying core, it is possible to blow dry air that has been dehumidified so as to wrap the entire wood to be dried from around. Therefore, it is possible to provide a reliable wood dryer that can perform uniform drying.

According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3, it has the following effects.
(1) By arranging a jig on the carriage, it is possible to efficiently align and support the wood to be dried in the horizontal and vertical directions, and it has excellent functionality. It is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in reliability and workability.
(2) The lowermost timber is aligned and supported on the jig and loaded on the cart, so that a gap can be formed between the loading surface of the cart and the bottom of the timber. It is possible to provide a highly reliable wood dryer that can pass dry air from the side surface and the bottom surface, has excellent functionality, and can achieve a more uniform dry state.
(3) Since wood is stacked vertically by a jig, it is possible to force vertical warping and bending during drying and to improve the quality of wood. A wood dryer with excellent reliability and functionality. Can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 5, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, it has the following effects.
(1) Since it is equipped with a control unit that controls the dehumidifier, outdoor compressor, and outdoor vacuum pump based on the value of each sensor and a preset program, the operation is automated and a dedicated operator is not required. It is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in operability and functionality that can reduce man-hours.
(2) Since automatic operation by the control unit is possible, it is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in workability and low cost that can shorten the cycle by 24-hour operation or the like and reduce the running cost.
(3) Since drying is performed based on a preset program, it is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in reliability and operability that can prevent setting errors and operation errors.

According to invention of Claim 6, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5, it has the following effects.
(1) The diameter of the air hole drilled in the ceiling plate of the rectifying core is smaller on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and larger on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, and is drilled on the side plate. The diameter of the air hole is larger on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and smaller on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, so that the dry air that flows from the rear wall side to the front wall side in the ceiling air path Of air flowing into the rectifying core from the air vents of the ceiling plate and the dry air flowing from the front wall side to the rear wall side through the air passages on the side walls from the air holes of the side plate to the rectifying core The air flow when flowing into the interior is uniform on the front wall side and the rear wall side to eliminate drying unevenness, and it is excellent in functionality and stability, especially when wood is dried, warping, cracking, shrinking, bending It is possible to provide a reliable wood dryer that can prevent the occurrence of the above.

According to invention of Claim 7, in addition to the effect of Claim 4 , it has the following effects.
(1) Since the jig has a flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape and a plurality of support portions projecting at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction on the flat plate portion, the wood can be easily equidistantly spaced horizontally. It is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in workability and reliability that can be loaded with and formed a gap between wood to obtain a uniform dry state.
(2) Since the jig has a plurality of support parts that support at least a part of the bottom and side surfaces of the wood to be loaded, it is excellent in workability and safety that can reliably support the wood and prevent it from collapsing during transportation. A wood dryer can be provided.
(3) Since the jig has a plurality of support portions that support at least a part of the bottom and side surfaces of the wood to be loaded, the wood can be easily placed in the horizontal direction by alternately loading the wood and the jig on the carriage. In addition, it is possible to provide a wood dryer that is excellent in workability because it can be aligned and supported in a grid pattern in the vertical direction and that can dry a plurality of pieces of wood at a time under uniform conditions.
(4) The support portion disposed on the jig is fixed to the flat plate portion so as to be detachable and / or slidable in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion, thereby reducing the number and size of the wood to be loaded. It is possible to provide a wood dryer excellent in workability, reliability and functionality capable of performing uniform drying because wood can be easily aligned and supported at equal intervals.

According to invention of Claim 8, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the rectifying floor plate includes a flat plate and leg portions suspended from the left and right sides of the flat plate, an air passage can be formed between the floor portion and the flat plate, and the rectifying floor plate By installing a floor circulation fan on the floor part on the front wall side, it is possible to blow dry air from the front wall side to the rear wall side in the air passage, and it has excellent functionality and is a dehumidifier on a flat plate Since the rear wall side closer to the front side has a plurality of air holes that are formed larger toward the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, the air volume of the dry air flowing from the air holes upward to the drying chamber is reduced to the front wall side. It is possible to provide a highly reliable wood dryer that is uniform on the rear wall side and can reduce drying unevenness.
(2) Since the rectifying floor plate and the floor circulation fan are arranged between the rail portions on both sides of the carriage guide section, it is an obstacle even when wood is carried into or out of the drying room by the carriage. It is excellent in workability, it can effectively blow dry air to the wood that is loaded on the carriage and dried, it has excellent functionality, and it can be made more uniform dry state and excellent reliability A wood dryer can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 9, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8, it has the following effects.
(1) The vibration generator can vibrate the wood , and the high-humidity air that has absorbed moisture near the surface of the wood and the dry air flowing into the rectifying core are actively stirred and replaced. Therefore, it is possible to provide a wood dryer having excellent functionality, high dehumidification efficiency, and high reliability and energy saving that can dry wood in a short time.

According to the invention described in claim 10, in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 9, the following effect is obtained.
(1) Since the dry air compressed by the air compressor can be sent by the air supply pipe, it is selected as a place where dry air such as the inside of wood is difficult to spread or a place where it is difficult to dry due to insufficient air volume Providing a wood dryer with excellent energy saving and reliability that can send dry air and has excellent versatility and functionality, can shorten the drying time, and can obtain a uniform and uniform dry state be able to.

According to the drying method using the wood dryer of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the set temperature in the cold air dehumidifying and drying process is as low as 5 to 40 ° C., there is almost no damage to the wood after drying. Especially when the wood is dried, warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, discoloration, etc. It is possible to provide a drying method excellent in reliability and functionality that can prevent the occurrence of odors, has a glossy surface, and retains a fragrance even after drying, thereby enhancing the commercial value.
(2) When the wood is dried, the free water in the wood is almost removed, and the water content is 20% to 30% or less at which the drying progresses slowly. Since the moisture is removed by cold air dehumidification, the drying time can be shortened and the energy saving is excellent, and the reliability that can prevent the occurrence of warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. is excellent. A drying method can be provided.
(3) By having a cold air dehumidifying and drying step and a vacuum dehumidifying step, it is possible to perform drying at a low temperature and in a short period of 4 to 7 days, so it is excellent in workability and can save electricity costs, running cost It is possible to provide a drying method excellent in energy saving that can reduce the amount of water.
(4) Since cold air dehumidification drying is performed at a low temperature, even if the door of the dryer is opened / closed during drying, the environment in the drying chamber does not change greatly, and it is highly safe and easily confirms the dry state of the wood, etc. It is possible to provide a drying method having excellent workability and functionality.
(5) Since the set temperature in the cold air dehumidifying and drying step is a low temperature of 5 ° C. to 40 ° C., dehumidification is temporarily stopped during the drying, and the fumigation is performed by diffusing moisture inside the wood and making it uniform. Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable drying method that can prevent only the surface from being dried first and prevent drying and warpage, cracking, shrinkage, bending, and the like.

According to invention of Claim 12, in addition to the effect of Claim 11, it has the following effects.
(1) By applying vibration to the wood to be dried by the vibration generator during the cold air dehumidifying and drying process, high-humidity air on the surface of the wood can be replaced with dry air, and the wood is dried in a short time. It is possible to provide a drying method with excellent energy saving.

(Embodiment 1)
The wood dryer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 is a cross-sectional side view of an essential part of a wood dryer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional front view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a principal part sectional top view of a wood dryer.
1 to 3, 1 is a main body of the wood dryer according to the first embodiment of the present invention, 2 is an outer width of about 2.4 m, a height of about 2.5 m, a length of about 5 m and an internal volume. drying chamber but formed about 20 m ^3, 2a is an outer wall of the drying chamber 2, 2b the inner wall of the drying chamber 2, 2c front wall of the drying chamber 2, 2d after the drying chamber 2 walls, 2e drying chamber 2 2f is the side wall of the drying chamber 2, 2g is the floor of the drying chamber 2, 2h is the ceiling 2e and the front wall 2c, the ceiling 2e and the side wall 2f, and the floor 2g and the side wall 2f. Rectification plates disposed respectively at the corners 3 are hermetic open doors disposed at the front wall 2c, and 4 is glass wool disposed between the outer wall 2a and the inner wall 2b of the drying chamber 2. And a heat insulating layer 5 formed of a heat insulating material such as polyurethane foam, 6 is a dehumidifier disposed on the rear wall 2d side for dehumidifying and drying the inside of the drying chamber 2, 6 An outdoor compressor connected to the dehumidifier 5, 7 is an outdoor vacuum pump that depressurizes the inside of the drying chamber 2, and 8 is disposed and fixed at a predetermined interval from the ceiling 2 e and the side wall 2 f of the drying chamber 2. A rectifying core that forms the path 8a, 8b is a ceiling plate of the rectifying core, 8c is a side plate of the rectifying core, 8d is a back plate of the rectifying core, 8e is an opening of the rectifying core, 8f is a rectifying floor plate having a flat plate 8g and legs 8h and disposed on the floor portion 2g, 9 is a circulation fan disposed on the ceiling portion 2e and the side wall portion 2f to circulate air, and 9a is a rectifying floor plate. The floor circulation fan 10 disposed on the floor portion 2g on the front wall 2c side of 8f has a grid-like stacking plate 10b with wheels 10a disposed on both sides of the bottom surface, and is disposed in the drying chamber 2. The trolley 10c is a load cell mass sensor disposed at four corners on the loading plate 10b of the trolley 10, and 10d is a mass sensor. A grid-like support frame 10e placed on the loading plate 10b of the carriage 10 via the support 10c is a mass sensor display section 10e disposed on the carriage 10 and displaying the measurement value of the mass sensor 10c, and 11 is an intermediate jig. The timber 14 is arranged and supported by the lower jig 13 and loaded on the support frame 10d on the carriage 10, and 14 includes a rail portion 14a for guiding the wheel 10a of the carriage 10 and a stopper portion 14b for fixing the carriage at a predetermined position. The carriage guide unit 15 is connected to the dehumidifier 5 and has a water intake pipe 15 a having a water intake 15 a for collecting water evaporated from the wood 11 outside the drying chamber 2, and 15 b is taken from the water intake 15 a of the water intake pipe 15. An intake tank for storing moisture, 15c is a water amount sensor for measuring the amount of water collected in the intake tank 15b, and 16 is disposed on the side wall 2f on the front wall 2c side of the drying chamber 2 to measure the temperature in the drying chamber 2. A temperature sensor 17 is provided with the temperature sensor 16 to measure the humidity in the drying chamber 2, 18 is a pressure sensor provided with the temperature sensor 16 and the humidity sensor 17 to measure the pressure in the drying chamber 2, and 19 is a power source. It has a switch (not shown), a display unit (not shown) for displaying the value of each sensor, and a condition setting unit (not shown) for setting drying conditions such as temperature and humidity. It is a control part which controls the dehumidifier 5, the outdoor compressor 6, and the outdoor vacuum pump 7 based on the set program.

Next, the rectifying core 8 and the rectifying floor plate 8f will be described with reference to the drawings.
4 (a) and 4 (b) are general perspective views of the front side and the back side of the rectifying core in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram of the rectifying floor board in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is the whole front perspective view.
In FIG. 4, 8 is a rectifying core, 8b is a ceiling plate, 8c is a side plate suspended from the left and right sides of the ceiling plate 8b, and 8d is a back plate connected to the ceiling plate 8b and the left and right side plates 8c. 8e are openings formed on the lower end side of the back plate 8d, and 8i are a plurality of air holes respectively drilled in the ceiling plate 8b and the side plate 8c.
In FIG. 5, 8f is a rectifying floor plate, 8g is a flat plate, 8h is a leg portion suspended from the left and right sides of the flat plate 8g, and 8i is a plurality of air holes drilled in the flat plate 8g.
In FIG. 4, the air holes 8i drilled in the ceiling plate 8b are formed so that the hole diameter is smaller toward the back plate 8d side arranged on the rear wall 2d side of the drying chamber 2, and the air holes 8i drilled in the side plate 8c are The hole diameter is formed larger toward the back plate 8d side. Further, in FIG. 5, the air holes 8i formed in the flat plate 8g are formed so that the hole diameter becomes larger toward the rear wall 2d side of the drying chamber 2 at the time of installation. Thereby, in the longitudinal direction in the drying chamber 2, the amount of air blown out from the respective air holes 8i to the cart 10 side can be made almost uniform, and the entire wood 11 in the drying chamber 2 can be uniformly blown so as to be wrapped from the surroundings.
The rectifying core 8 and the rectifying floor plate 8f were made of stainless steel, and the air holes 8i were formed by laser processing. The shape of the air hole 8i is a circle or a long hole. The diameter of the circle or the long hole is 30 mm to 60 mm, and the length of the long hole is 60 mm to 100 mm. The corner portions of the rectifying core 8 and the rectifying floor plate 8f are formed in an arc shape having a radius of 100 mm. Thereby, while rectifying dry air, the intensity | strength is increased and the pressure | voltage resistance is raised.
Note that the rectifying floor plate 8f and the floor circulation fan 9a disposed on the floor portion 2g on the front wall 2c side of the rectifying floor plate 8f in the first embodiment of the present invention are not necessarily provided, and the air flow rate is not necessarily provided. By increasing the value, the effect can be compensated. Thereby, while reducing the number of parts, the freedom degree at the time of putting in / out the cart 10 to the drying chamber 2 increases, and workability | operativity can be improved.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a loading state of wood in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective views of main parts of the intermediate jig and the lower jig.
6 and 7, 11 is wood to be dried, 11 a is a bottom surface of the wood 11, 11 b is a side surface of the wood 11, 11 c is a top surface of the wood 11, and 12 is formed in a rectangular shape and supports the bottom surface 11 a of the wood 11. The flat plate portion 12a, the support portion 12b that protrudes from the upper surface of the flat plate portion 12a at equal intervals and supports the side surface 11b of the wood 11 loaded on the upper surface of the flat plate portion 12a, and the both ends of the bottom surface of the flat plate portion 12a. Between the inverted L-shaped support portion 12c contacting the side surface 11b and the upper surface 11c of the timber 11 loaded on the lower stage, and the support parts 12c on both ends, it is projected on the bottom surface of the flat plate portion 12a at equal intervals and loaded on the lower stage. An intermediate jig 13 having a T-shaped support portion 12d contacting the side surface 11b and the upper surface 11c of the wood 11 and stacked alternately with the wood 11, a flat plate portion 13a formed in a rectangular shape, and a flat plate portion 13a Projected at both ends of the top surface An L-shaped support portion 13b that supports the bottom surface 11a and the side surface 11b of the wood 11 and an inverted T-shape that protrudes at equal intervals between the support portions 13b at both ends and supports the bottom surface 11a and the side surface 11b of the wood 11 It is a lower stage jig | tool which has the support part 13c of this and is loaded on the support frame 10d on the trolley | bogie 10. As shown in FIG.
By arranging two or more intermediate jigs 12 and lower jigs 13 according to the length of the wood 11 in the longitudinal direction, the wood 11 can be reliably aligned and supported.
In FIG. 6, since the gap 11d and the side gap 11e are formed on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the timber 11 aligned and supported in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the drying that has flowed from the end face and the side face in the longitudinal direction of the timber 11 is performed. It is possible to send air so as to evenly wrap the wood 11 so that the air is uniformly dried.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are perspective views of a main part showing a modification of the intermediate jig and the lower jig.
In FIG. 8A, 22 is an intermediate jig, 22a is a flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape, 22b is a lumber 11 placed on the upper stage of the intermediate jig and disposed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion 22a. The bottom surface 11a, the side surface 11b, the side surface 11b of the timber 11 loaded on the lower stage, a support portion obtained by rotating a T-shape that abuts and supports the top surface 11c by 90 degrees, 22c has an insertion hole 22d through which the flat plate portion 22a is inserted. A cross which is slidably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion 22a and is in contact with and supported by the bottom surface 11a and side surface 11b of the wood 11 loaded on the upper stage and the side surface 11b and upper surface 11c of the wood 11 loaded on the lower stage. A mold support portion 22e is a screw for fixing the support portion 22c to the flat plate portion 22a at an arbitrary position.
In FIG. 8B, reference numeral 23 denotes a lower jig, 23a denotes a flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape, 23b denotes a piece of wood 11 placed on both ends of the flat plate portion 23a in the longitudinal direction and loaded on the upper step of the lower jig. An L-shaped support portion 23c that contacts and supports the bottom surface 11a and the side surface 11b, 23c has an insertion groove 23d through which the flat plate portion 23a is inserted, and is slidably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion 23a. Reference numeral 23e denotes an inverted T-shaped support portion that supports the bottom surface 11a and the side surface 11b of the wood 11 to be loaded, and 23e is a screw for fixing the support portion 23c to the flat plate portion 23a at an arbitrary position.
8 (a) and 8 (b), the support portions 22c and 23c are arranged so as to be slidable in the horizontal direction with respect to the flat plate portions 22a and 23a, respectively. The wood 11 can be aligned and supported and dried. In addition, if the support portions 22b and 23b at both ends are also detachable from the flat plate portions 22a and 23a by screwing or the like, the number of the support portions 22c and 23c is changed in accordance with the size of the wood 11, and the efficiency is improved. In particular, the wood 11 can be loaded. Further, if a plurality of circular concave portions are formed on the side surfaces of the flat plate portions 22a and 23a, the tips of the screws can be locked to the concave portions when the support portions 22c and 23c are fixed with screws, so that positioning is possible. It is simple and can be fixed securely.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are perspective views of the main part showing a modification of the intermediate jig and the lower jig.
In FIG. 9 (a), 32 is an intermediate jig, 32a is a flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape, 32b is a protrusion of both ends of the flat plate portion 32a in the longitudinal direction and is loaded on the upper stage of the intermediate jig. A stepped support portion 32c, which is in contact with and supported by the bottom surface 11a, the side surface 11b, and the side surface 11b and the top surface 11c of the wood 11 loaded on the lower stage, is projected at equal intervals between the support parts 32b at both ends and loaded on the upper stage. It is a step-like support part that contacts and supports the bottom surface 11a and side surface 11b of the timber 11 and the side surface 11b and top surface 11c of the timber 11 loaded on the lower stage.
In FIG. 9B, 33 is a lower jig, 33a is a flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape, 33b is projected from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion 33a, and the wood 11 loaded on the upper step of the lower jig. A stepped support portion 33c that abuts and supports the bottom surface 11a and the side surface 11b and abuts against the bottom surface 11a and the side surface 11b of the timber 11 that protrudes at equal intervals between the support portions 33b at both ends and is loaded on the upper stage. It is a step-like support part to support.
9 (a) and 9 (b), the shapes of the support portions 32b, 32c, 33b, and 33c are both upper and lower than the support portions 22b, 22c, 23b, and 23c shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), respectively. Since each step is formed in a stepped shape with many steps, it is possible to align and support the wood 11 corresponding to two kinds of dimensions with one jig. Note that the stepped steps of the support portions 32b, 32c, 33b, and 33c can be increased, or the support portions 32c and 33c can be slid like the support portions 22c and 23c shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. It may be arranged. Thereby, the wood 11 can be aligned and supported by a single jig corresponding to a plurality of types of dimensions.

The operation of the wood dryer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention configured as described above will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3, the drying chamber 2 is hermetically sealed by the door 3 and has the heat insulating layer 4 between the outer wall 2a and the inner wall 2b of the drying chamber 2, so that the temperature in the drying chamber 2 is kept stable. . By providing the dehumidifier 5 and the outdoor compressor 6 connected to the dehumidifier 5, drying is performed while cooling or heating the interior of the drying chamber 2 so as to maintain the set temperature and the set humidity. In the cold air dehumidifying and drying step, the set temperature is selected in a low temperature range of about 5 ° C. to 40 ° C. depending on the type of the wood 11, and the set humidity is selected in the range of 30% to 90%. Moreover, in the vacuum dehumidification process performed below the set moisture content set in the range of 20% to 30% moisture content, the outdoor vacuum pump 7 decompresses the interior of the drying chamber 2 to remove moisture in the wood 11. It actively moves to the surface of the wood 11 and performs vacuum drying at a low temperature.
The pressure for depressurization is selected in the range of about 1.3 kPa to 13.3 kPa (gauge pressure) depending on the type of the wood 11.
At this time, the drying chamber 2 has a rectifying core 8 disposed in parallel to the ceiling portion 2e and the side wall portion 2f to form an air passage 8a and a rectifying floor plate disposed on the floor portion 2g, and has a ceiling portion. 2e and the circulation fan 9 disposed on the side wall 2f and the circulation fan 9a for the floor disposed on the floor 2g circulate the dehumidified low-temperature dry air as shown by the arrows in the figure. Let
Furthermore, the wood loaded by the intermediate jig 12 which alternately loads and supports the wood 11 to be aligned and supports the wood 11 to be dried, and the lower jig 13 which supports the wood 11 by aligning and supporting the wood 11 on the carriage 10. A gap 11d is formed between the timbers 11 and the dehumidified low-temperature dry air is fed between the stacked timbers 11.
Since the wood 11, the intermediate jig 12, and the lower jig 13 are stacked on the carriage 10 having the wheels 10a via the support frame 10d, it can be easily put into and out of the drying chamber 2 from the open / close door 3. . Further, since the carriage guide part 14 having the rail part 14a for guiding the wheel 10a of the carriage 10 and the stopper part 14b is arranged in the drying chamber 2, the carriage 10 is guided and arranged and fixed at a predetermined position. This prevents accidental hitting against the inner wall 2b, the dehumidifier 5 and the circulation fan 9 in the drying chamber 2. The cart 10 may be taken in and out manually, or an electric sliding means may be provided in the drying chamber 2 to be moved automatically.

The condition setting unit (not shown) of the control unit 19 compares the moisture content set for comparison with the moisture content detected by the mass sensor 10c and the water content sensor 15c, and the drying room temperature detected by the temperature sensor 16. Set temperature for comparison with the humidity in the drying chamber detected by the humidity sensor 17 and a setting pressure for comparison with the pressure in the drying chamber detected by the pressure sensor 18 are set in advance.
The controller 19 controls the dehumidifier 5, the outdoor compressor 6, and the outdoor vacuum pump 7 while measuring the temperature, humidity, pressure in the drying chamber 2, the mass of the wood 11 loaded on the carriage 10, and the amount of collected water. Is done.
The temperature in the drying chamber 2 is maintained with an accuracy of ± 1 ° C. to ± 2 ° C. with respect to the set temperature.

Since the wood dryer in Embodiment 1 is configured as described above, it has the following effects.
(1) The ceiling, side wall, and floor of the drying chamber are formed in a double structure with an outer wall and an inner wall, and are arranged between a hermetic opening / closing door disposed on the front wall and the outer wall and the inner wall. Since it has a heat insulating layer, heat dissipation from the drying chamber and heat absorption from the outside of the drying chamber can be suppressed to increase the efficiency during cooling and heating in the drying chamber, and the temperature in the drying chamber can be stabilized at a low temperature. Can keep.
(2) The dehumidifier is disposed on the rear wall side of the drying chamber, and is arranged at a predetermined interval from the ceiling and side walls of the drying chamber to form an air passage, and the ceiling of the drying chamber And a circulation fan disposed on the inner wall of the side wall, so that a plurality of winds formed in the rectifying core while circulating the dehumidified dry air through the air path of the ceiling or side wall. Evenly dry air can be blown so as to wrap the wood to be dried from the hole, keeping the drying chamber in uniform drying conditions, especially when wood is dried, such as warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. Occurrence can be prevented.
(3) is provided with the carriage for stacking drying wood by stacking the timber on a truck, easily it is out and transported to the drying chamber, the disposed dolly drying chamber wheel guide The carriage can be easily guided to a predetermined position in the drying chamber by being provided with a carriage guide section having a rail section to be stopped and a stopper section for fixing the carriage to a predetermined position.
(4) Since the intake pipe having the intake port for collecting the moisture taken out from the wood is provided outside the drying chamber, the collected collected water can be effectively used as a by-product.
(5) A temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the drying chamber, a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity in the drying chamber, and a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure in the drying chamber are used to monitor the state of the drying chamber and be loaded on the carriage. By having a mass sensor that measures the mass of the timber and a water amount sensor that measures the amount of water collected from the water intake, it is possible to confirm the dry state of the timber and to set optimum drying conditions.
(6) By having an outdoor vacuum pump, the inside of the drying chamber is decompressed and the room temperature is kept at a low temperature. Therefore, the moisture in the center of the wood is actively transferred in the surface direction, and drying is performed. In particular, when the wood is dried, the difference in moisture between the center and the surface of the wood can be reduced to prevent warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, and the like.
(7) Since it is equipped with a mass sensor that measures the mass of wood loaded on the carriage and a water sensor that measures the amount of water collected from the water intake, especially when drying wood, the moisture content of the wood Can be grasped, and drying can be performed under conditions suitable for the dry state of the wood.
(8) An opening portion in which the rectifying core is connected to the ceiling plate, the side plate suspended from the left and right sides of the ceiling plate, and the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates and facing the front surface of the dehumidifier at the lower end side Therefore, the air passages are formed between the inner wall of the ceiling and the side wall of the drying chamber and the rectifying core, and the dehumidified dry air is ceilinged from the rear wall side. Circulate by sending air to the front wall through the air passage in the front, and then sending it from the front wall to the rear wall through the inside of the rectifying core and the air passage on the side wall, so that the drying chamber is uniformly dried. Can do.
(9) By providing a plurality of air holes in the ceiling plate, right and left side plates, and back plate of the rectifying core, the dehumidified dry air is blown so as to wrap the entire wood to be dried from the surroundings. Thus, uniform drying can be performed.
(10) By arranging a jig on the carriage, the wood to be dried is opened at regular intervals in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction to efficiently align and support, and a plurality of woods are dried at a uniform condition at a time. can do.
(11) The lowermost timber is also aligned and supported on a jig and loaded on the cart, thereby forming a gap between the support frame on the cart and the bottom of the timber, the same as the wood loaded on the upper stage. It is possible to pass dry air from the side and bottom surfaces, and to achieve a uniform dry state.
(12) Since the timber is stacked vertically by the jig, vertical warping and bending during loading are forced during drying, and the quality of the timber can be improved.
(13) Since it is equipped with a control unit that controls the dehumidifier, outdoor compressor, and outdoor vacuum pump based on the value of each sensor and a preset program, the operation is automated and a dedicated operator is not required. Man-hours can be reduced.
(14) Since automatic operation by the control unit is possible, the running cost can be reduced by shortening the cycle by 24-hour operation or the like.
(15) By having the control unit, drying is performed based on a preset program, so that setting errors and operation errors can be prevented, and reliability and quality can be ensured.
(16) By having a control unit, it is possible to perform drying by setting fine drying conditions suitable for the dry state of the wood, and it is possible to efficiently shorten the drying time and reduce damage to the wood. By changing the set temperature, set humidity, set pressure, and set moisture content set in the control unit according to the type and production area of the wood to be dried, the optimum drying conditions are set according to the wood, making the wood efficient and high Can be dried to quality.
(17) The diameter of the air hole drilled in the ceiling plate of the rectifying core is formed smaller on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and larger on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, and is drilled in the side plate. The diameter of the air hole is larger on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and smaller on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, so that the dry air that flows from the rear wall side to the front wall side in the wind path of the ceiling part Of air flowing into the rectifying core from the air vents of the ceiling plate and the dry air flowing from the front wall side to the rear wall side through the air passages in the side walls from the air holes of the side plate to the rectifying core The amount of air flowing into the interior can be made uniform between the front wall side and the rear wall side to eliminate unevenness in drying. In particular, when wood is dried, warpage, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc. can be prevented.
(18) Since the jig has a flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape and a plurality of support portions projecting at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction on the flat plate portion, the wood is easily equidistantly spaced horizontally. And a uniform dry state can be obtained by forming a gap between the timbers.
(19) Since the jig has a plurality of support portions that support at least a part of the bottom surface and side surface of the loaded wood, it is possible to reliably support the wood and prevent collapse during transportation.
(20) Since the jig has a plurality of support portions for supporting at least a part of the bottom surface and side surface of the loaded wood, it is easy to horizontally place the wood by loading the wood and the jig alternately on the carriage. In addition, a plurality of timbers can be dried at a uniform condition at a time by arranging and supporting in a vertical grid pattern.
(21) The support portion disposed on the jig is fixed to the flat plate portion so as to be detachable and / or slidable in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion, thereby reducing the number and size of the wood to be loaded. Correspondingly, the wood can be aligned and supported at equal intervals, and uniform drying can be performed.
(22) Since the rectifying floor plate includes a flat plate and leg portions suspended from the left and right sides of the flat plate, an air passage is formed between the floor portion and the flat plate, and the rectifying floor plate By arranging a floor circulation fan on the floor on the front wall side, the dry air can be blown from the front wall side to the rear wall side in the air channel, and the rear wall side close to the dehumidifier on the flat plate Since it has a plurality of air holes formed so as to be farther away from the dehumidifier and closer to the front wall side, the air volume of the dry air flowing from the air holes toward the upper side of the drying chamber is reduced to the front wall side and the rear wall side. And uniform drying can be reduced.
(23) Since the rectifying floor plate and the floor circulation fan are disposed between the rail portions on both sides of the carriage guide section, it is an obstacle even when wood is carried into or out of the drying room by the carriage. Therefore, it is possible to blow dry air to the wood that is effectively loaded on the carriage and dried to obtain a more uniform dry state.
(24) Since the set temperature in the cold air dehumidifying and drying process is as low as 5 ° C to 40 ° C, there is almost no damage to the wood after drying. Especially when the wood is dried, warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, discoloration, etc. The surface of the product is glossy and the scent remains even after drying, increasing the commercial value.
(25) When the wood is dried, the free water in the wood is almost removed, and the water content is 20% to 30% or less at which the drying progresses slowly. Since the moisture is removed by cold air dehumidification, the drying time can be shortened, and warpage, cracking, shrinkage, bending and the like can be prevented.
(26) By having the cold air dehumidifying and drying step and the reduced pressure dehumidifying step, drying can be performed at a low temperature and in a short period of 4 to 7 days, so that the electricity bill can be saved and the running cost can be reduced.
(27) Since the cold air dehumidification drying is performed at a low temperature, even if the door of the dryer is opened and closed during the drying, the environment in the drying chamber does not change greatly, and the dry state of the wood can be easily confirmed. .
(28) Since the set temperature in the cold air dehumidifying and drying step is as low as 5 ° C to 40 ° C, drying is temporarily stopped and left in the middle, and fumigation is performed by diffusing moisture inside the wood and making it uniform. Therefore, it is possible to prevent only the surface from being dried first, and to prevent warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, and the like.
(29) Since all the power sources are electricity, it is possible to use solar power generation or to conclude a special contract for power consumption with an electric power company.

(Embodiment 2)
A wood dryer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing similar to Embodiment 1, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
10 is a cross-sectional side view of the main part of the wood dryer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a front view of the cross section taken along line BB in FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a cross section along line CC in FIG. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional side view taken along the line DD in FIG.
10 to 13, 10 a ′ is a vibration-proof rubber disposed between the bottom surface of the loading plate 10 b of the carriage 10 and the wheel 10 a, and 10 f is arranged at a substantially central portion on both sides of the loading plate 10 b of the carriage 10. The electric rotary vibration generator 11f is aligned and supported by the intermediate jig 12 and the lower jig 13 and directly on the loading plate 10b of the carriage 10 in the center of the small edge of the loaded wood 11 in parallel with the longitudinal direction. A through-hole having a diameter of 15 mm to 25 mm, 24a is provided in place of the rectifying core 8 and is fixed at a predetermined distance from the ceiling portion 2e of the drying chamber 2 to form an air passage 8a. The plate, 24b is a rectifying side chamber formed on the side wall 2f of the drying chamber 2, 24c is a blowing surface of the rectifying side chamber 24b disposed at a predetermined interval from the side wall 2f of the drying chamber 2, and 24d is The outer peripheral part 24e surrounding the outer periphery of the blowing surface 24b is A partition portion that divides the rectifying side chamber portion 24b, 24f is an air hole that is formed in the rectifying top plate 24a and the blowing surface 24c of the rectifying side chamber portion 24b and blows dry air, and 25 is the rear wall 2d side of the drying chamber 2. An air compressor 26a that compresses the dry air in the drying chamber 2 is connected to the air compressor 25 and is disposed and fixed along the blowing surface 24c inside the rectifying side chamber portion 24b to feed dry air. The rectifying main pipe 26b made of stainless steel is formed with a blowout port 26c for discharging dry air into the rectifying side chamber 24b which is connected to the rectifying main pipe 26a and is connected to the rectifying main pipe 26a. A rectifying branch pipe 26d is connected to the air compressor 25, and is arranged and fixed along the lower surface of the rectifying top plate 24a so as to supply dry air to the front wall 2c side of the drying chamber 2 and a main pipe made of stainless steel. 27 is the main A header pipe made of polyvinyl chloride, 28 detachably connected to the pipe 26 and disposed between the left and right side wall portions 2 f of the drying chamber 2, is formed on the left and right side wall portions 2 f of the drying chamber 2 and is formed at both ends of the header pipe 27. A pipe support part 29 for supporting the pipe, 29 is a branch pipe made of synthetic resin such as Teflon (registered trademark) suspended by a joint part 29a detachably disposed on the bottom of the header pipe 27, and 30 is an I type from the branch pipe 29 This is a dry air take-out pipe formed by a tube made of a synthetic resin such as Teflon (registered trademark) branched by a connector 30a such as T-type or Y-type and having a tip portion inserted into a through hole 11f of the wood 11.
Note that vibration generated by the vibration generator 10f is prevented from propagating to the wheel 10a side of the carriage 10 by the vibration isolating rubber 10a 'disposed between the bottom surface of the loading plate 10b of the carriage 10 and the wheel 10a. . A vibration generator 10f having an output of 0.75 kW to 1.5 kW was used, and a vibration having an amplitude of 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm was applied. As the amplitude becomes smaller than 0.8 mm, the movement of high-humidity air on the surface of the wood decreases, and there is a tendency for the drying time to be long due to lack of replacement with dry air, and as it becomes larger than 1.5 mm. It was found that the whole wood resonates and vibrates greatly, and that the wood tends to fall off the cart or change its shape.
In addition, the initial mass of the wood 11 is measured before being carried in, and during drying, the amount of water collected by the water amount sensor 15c is measured, or the moisture content of the wood 11 is measured by a moisture content meter. Check the mass and dryness.
Since the rectifying side chamber 24b is surrounded by the outer peripheral portion 24d and the inside of the blowout surface 24c is divided by the partition portion 24e, the dry air discharged from the blowout port 26c formed in the rectifying branch pipe 26b. Can be blown into the drying chamber 2 from the air holes 24f drilled in the blowing surface 24c and can be uniformly blown over the entire side surface of the wood 11 in the drying chamber 2.

About the wood dryer in Embodiment 2 of this invention comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement is demonstrated below using drawing.
First, the set temperature is selected in a temperature range of about 5 ° C. to 40 ° C. according to the type of the wood 11, and the set humidity is selected in a range of 30% to 90%. The inside of the drying chamber 2 is maintained at a constant set temperature, and vibration by the vibration generator 10f and cold air dehumidification drying are repeated. At this time, the set temperature and set humidity in the drying chamber 2 are gradually lowered according to the decrease in the moisture content. When the set humidity is between 30% and 40%, vibration by the vibration generator 10f and cold air dehumidification drying are performed simultaneously. I do. Note that dry air compressed by the air compressor 25 is sent to the through hole 11 f of the wood 11 during the cold air dehumidification drying.

Since the wood dryer in Embodiment 2 is configured as described above, it has the following effects.
(1) The vibration generator can vibrate the wood , and the high-humidity air that has absorbed moisture near the surface of the wood and the dry air flowing into the rectifying core are actively stirred and replaced. Therefore, the dehumidification efficiency can be increased, and the wood can be dried in a short time.
(2) The dry air compressed by the air compressor can be fed into the through-hole by inserting the tip of the take-out pipe into a through-hole drilled in the center of the wood in parallel with the longitudinal direction. Therefore, it can be dried from the inside of the hard-to-dry wood to obtain a more uniform dry state, the occurrence of cracking, bending, etc. can be reduced, and the drying time can be shortened.
(3) Since the header pipe, joint part, branch pipe, connector, and take-out pipe connected to the main pipe for supplying dry air are detachable, wood and rectifying cores are taken in and out of the drying chamber. It does not get in the way, and is excellent in workability and maintenance.
(4) By giving vibration to the wood to be dried during the cold air dehumidifying drying process, high-humidity air on the surface of the wood can be replaced with dry air, and the wood can be dried in a short time.
(5) Since the drying chamber can be used widely by disposing the rectifying top plate and the rectifying side chamber instead of the rectifying core, the rectifying core is efficient and excellent in workability. Similarly to the case of using dry air, it is possible to blow dry air from the top and side surfaces of the wood , so that the drying chamber can be uniformly dried.

乾燥を行った杉桁材の寸法は、幅１５０ｍｍ×高さ１１０ｍｍ×長さ４１００ｍｍであり、図２及び図６に示したように治具によって２０本を碁盤目状に整列配置し、乾燥を行った。乾燥室内の設定温度３５℃、設定湿度３１％の下で冷風除湿乾燥を行い、その後、含水率２０％から目標の含水率１５％までは約６．７ｋＰａ（ゲージ圧）で断続的に減圧除湿を行った。乾燥前の含水率が約８０〜１２０％のものを乾燥するのに要した時間は約１６８時間（７日）であり、減圧除湿を行ったのは乾燥開始から約１３２時間後であった。尚、乾燥後の含水率は、目標の含水率１５％に対し約１０〜１９％となった。
比較例として挙げた５０℃〜１５０℃の高温で乾燥する蒸気式乾燥では、幅が１ｍｍ〜６ｍｍの長手方向割れが全長に渡って発生し、発生率が８０％以上であったのに対し、実施例１における長手方向割れは幅が０．３ｍｍ〜１．５ｍｍ、長さが２００ｍｍ〜１０００ｍｍと小さく、発生率も１０％〜３０％と低くなることがわかった。
収縮は比較例では５％〜１０％発生したのに対し、実施例１では１％〜２％まで大幅に減少することがわかった。
また、比較例では５ｍｍ〜２０ｍｍの曲がりが１０％以上発生したのに対し、実施例１で発生した曲がりは３ｍｍ以下で発生率も１％〜２％と低い上に、乾燥前の１０ｍｍ程度の曲がりが２ｍｍ程度に修正されることがわかった。
尚、比較例では乾燥後の外観として木材表面が黒茶色に変色し、香りがなくなったのに対し、実施例１で変色は見られず、香りも初期のまま残存した。
以上の結果から、本発明の木材乾燥機によれば、乾燥による割れ、収縮、曲がり、変色などの欠陥がほとんど発生せず、香りもそのまま残存することが分かった。
（実施例２）
本発明の実施の形態２における木材乾燥機を使用して伐採から製材まで６日間を要した生の杉材を乾燥した。乾燥条件と乾燥時間及び乾燥後含水率の各測定値を表２に示す。比較例として、実施の形態１における木材乾燥機を使用して乾燥した場合の結果も示す。

表２に示した実施例２−Ａの結果より、冷風除湿乾燥時に乾燥させる木材に振動を与えることで乾燥時間が２４時間〜３６時間短縮されることがわかった。また、冷風除湿乾燥時に振動を与えなかった比較例の場合は、表面と中心とで含水率に最大３５％の差が生じ、特に木材の中心での含水率が３５％〜５０％とばらつきが大きかったのに対し、振動を与えた実施例２−Ａの場合は、表面と中心とで含水率に最大で１２％の差しかなく、木材の中心での含水率も２０％〜３０％とばらつきが小さいことがわかった。
実施例２−Ｂの結果より、木材の長手方向にφ２０ｍｍの貫通孔を形成し、貫通孔内に乾燥空気を送気しながら乾燥させることにより、１０８時間という短時間で木材の表面で
１５％〜２０％の含水率まで乾燥できることがわかった。また、中心での含水率は１７％〜２０％となり、ばらつきが大幅に低減されることがわかった。
実施例２−Ｃの結果より、冷風除湿乾燥時の振動と貫通孔内への乾燥空気の送気を同時に行った場合、９６時間で実施例２−Ｂと同程度の含水率まで乾燥することができ、表面と中心との含水率の差もほとんどなくなることがわかった。
以上の結果より、乾燥時の振動による乾燥時間の短縮と貫通孔内への乾燥空気の送気による乾燥状態の均一化の効果が確認され、両者を組み合わせることにより、より短時間で均一な乾燥状態をえられることがわかった。 Examples of the present invention will be described below.
Example 1
Using the wood dryer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, raw cedar girders that required 6 days from felling to lumbering were dried. Table 1 shows the drying conditions and the measured values before and after drying.

The dimensions of the dried cedar girder are 150 mm wide x 110 mm high x 4100 mm long. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, 20 pieces are arranged in a grid pattern by a jig and dried. went. Cold air dehumidification drying is performed at a set temperature of 35 ° C and a set humidity of 31% in the drying chamber. After that, the dehumidification is intermittently reduced at about 6.7 kPa (gauge pressure) from a moisture content of 20% to a target moisture content of 15%. Went. It took about 168 hours (7 days) to dry those having a water content of about 80 to 120% before drying, and vacuum dehumidification was performed about 132 hours after the start of drying. The moisture content after drying was about 10 to 19% with respect to the target moisture content of 15%.
In the vapor-type drying which dries at a high temperature of 50 ° C. to 150 ° C. given as a comparative example, a longitudinal crack with a width of 1 mm to 6 mm occurred over the entire length, whereas the occurrence rate was 80% or more, The longitudinal cracks in Example 1 were found to have a width as small as 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm, a length as small as 200 mm to 1000 mm, and an incidence as low as 10% to 30%.
It was found that the shrinkage occurred 5% to 10% in the comparative example, whereas the shrinkage was significantly reduced to 1% to 2% in Example 1.
Further, in the comparative example, the bending of 5 mm to 20 mm occurred 10% or more, whereas the bending generated in Example 1 was 3 mm or less and the incidence was as low as 1% to 2%, and about 10 mm before drying. It was found that the bend was corrected to about 2 mm.
In the comparative example, the wood surface changed to black-brown as the appearance after drying, and the scent disappeared, but no discoloration was observed in Example 1, and the scent remained as it was at the initial stage.
From the above results, it was found that according to the wood dryer of the present invention, defects such as cracking, shrinkage, bending and discoloration due to drying hardly occur and the scent remains as it is.
(Example 2)
Using the wood dryer according to the second embodiment of the present invention, raw cedar wood that required 6 days from felling to lumbering was dried. Table 2 shows the measured values of drying conditions, drying time, and moisture content after drying. As a comparative example, the result when dried using the wood dryer in Embodiment 1 is also shown.

From the results of Example 2-A shown in Table 2, it was found that the drying time was shortened by 24 to 36 hours by applying vibration to the wood to be dried during the cold air dehumidification drying. Moreover, in the case of the comparative example which did not give vibration at the time of cold air dehumidification drying, a difference of 35% at maximum in the moisture content occurs between the surface and the center. In the case of Example 2-A where vibration was applied, the maximum moisture content was 12% at the surface and the center, and the moisture content at the center of the wood was 20% to 30%. It was found that the variation was small.
From the result of Example 2-B, by forming a through hole having a diameter of 20 mm in the longitudinal direction of the wood and drying it while supplying dry air into the through hole, the surface of the wood is 15% in a short time of 108 hours. It has been found that it can be dried to a moisture content of ˜20%. In addition, the water content at the center was 17% to 20%, and it was found that the variation was greatly reduced.
From the result of Example 2-C, when vibration during cold air dehumidification drying and air supply of dry air into the through hole are performed simultaneously, the water content is dried to the same level as in Example 2-B in 96 hours. It was found that there was almost no difference in moisture content between the surface and the center.
From the above results, it was confirmed that the drying time was shortened by vibration during drying and the effect of uniformizing the drying state by supplying dry air into the through-hole was achieved. I found out that I could get the condition.

The present invention relates to a timber dryer for artificially drying wood, since the drying temperature is low without damaging the wood in a short time since it is possible to dry, wood consumption and excellent small energy savings A dryer can be provided, especially when the wood is dried, there are almost no defects such as warping, cracking, shrinkage, bending, etc., and the wood surface after drying has a gloss, fragrance remains and has high commercial value In addition to providing wood, moisture and the like contained in the wood can be collected without waste and effectively used as a by-product.

Cross-sectional side view of main parts of the wood dryer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention AA line sectional front view in FIG. Cross-sectional plan view of main parts of the wood dryer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention (A) Overall perspective view of the front side of the rectifying core in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (b) Overall perspective view of the back side of the rectifying core in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Whole perspective view of the front side of floor plate for rectification in Embodiment 1 of the present invention The front view which shows the loading state of the timber in Embodiment 1 of this invention (A) Perspective view of main part of intermediate jig (b) Perspective view of main part of lower jig (A) Perspective view of relevant parts showing a modification of the intermediate jig (b) Perspective view of relevant parts showing a modification of the lower jig (A) Perspective view of relevant parts showing a modification of the intermediate jig (b) Perspective view of relevant parts showing a modification of the lower jig Cross-sectional side view of an essential part of a wood dryer in Embodiment 2 of the present invention BB sectional front view in FIG. CC sectional view taken on line CC in FIG. DD cross-sectional plan view in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 2 Drying chamber 2a Outer wall 2b Inner wall 2c Front wall 2d Rear surface wall 2e Ceiling part 2f Side wall part 2g Floor part 2h Current plate 3 Opening / closing door 4 Heat insulation layer 5 Dehumidifier 6 Outdoor compressor 7 Outdoor vacuum pump 8 Rectification core 8a Air path 8b Ceiling plate 8c Side plate 8d Back plate 8e Opening 8f Flowing floor plate 8g Plane plate 8h Leg 8i Air hole 9 Circulating fan 9a Floor circulating fan 10 Car 10a Wheel 10a 'Anti-vibration rubber 10b Loading plate 10c Mass sensor 10d Support frame 10e Mass sensor display unit 10f Vibration generator 11 Wood 11a Bottom surface 11b Side surface 11c Upper surface 11d, 11e Clearance 11f Through holes 12, 22, 32 Intermediate jigs 12a, 22a, 32a Flat plate portions 12b, 12c, 12d, 22b, 22c, 32b, 32c Support portion 13, 23, 33 Lower jig 13a, 23a, 33a Flat plate part 13b, 13c, 23b, 23c, 33b, 33c Support part 14 Carriage guide part 14a Rail part 14b Stopper part 15 Water intake pipe 15a Water intake 15b Water intake tank 15c Water quantity sensor 16 Temperature sensor 17 Humidity sensor 18 Pressure sensor 19 Control part 22d Insertion hole 22e, 23e Screw 23d Insertion groove 24a Rectification top plate 24b Rectification side chamber part 24c Outlet surface 24d Outer part 24e Partition part 24f Air hole 25 Air compressor 26a Rectification main pipe 26b Rectification branch pipe 26c Outlet 26d Main pipe 27 Header pipe 28 Piping support part 29 Branch pipe 29a Joint part 30 Extraction pipe 30a Connector

Claims (12)

A drying chamber in which the ceiling portion, the side wall portion and the floor portion are formed in a double structure by an outer wall and an inner wall, a hermetic opening / closing door disposed on the front wall portion of the drying chamber, and between the outer wall and the inner wall A heat insulating layer disposed in the drying chamber, a dehumidifier disposed on the rear wall of the drying chamber, an outdoor compressor connected to the dehumidifier, and a drying chamber connected to the drying chamber. An outdoor vacuum pump to be ventilated, a rectifying core that is formed with a plurality of air holes and is disposed at predetermined intervals from the ceiling and side walls of the drying chamber to form an air passage, and the drying chamber One or more circulation fans disposed on the inner walls of the ceiling part and the side wall part, a carriage on which the wood to be dried is loaded, and the moisture taken out from the wood outside the drying chamber connected to the dehumidifier are collected. A water intake pipe having a water intake, a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the drying chamber, A humidity sensor for measuring the degree, wood drier, characterized in that it comprises a pressure sensor, a measuring degree of vacuum of the drying chamber. A carriage guide section having a rail section on both sides for guiding a wheel disposed on the floor of the drying chamber and guiding a wheel disposed on the carriage, and a stopper section for fixing the carriage at a predetermined position, and is loaded on the carriage. The wood dryer according to claim 1, further comprising: a mass sensor that measures the mass of wood ; and a water amount sensor that measures the amount of water collected from the intake pipe. The rectifying core is connected to the ceiling plate, the side plate suspended from the left and right sides of the ceiling plate, the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates, and faces the front surface of the dehumidifier on the lower end side. 3. The wood dryer according to claim 1, further comprising: a back plate having an opening formed therein; and a plurality of air holes formed in the ceiling plate and the left and right side plates. . Wood drying machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that jig wood to be dried on the carriage are aligned support is provided one or more. A control unit that controls the dehumidifier, the outdoor compressor, and the outdoor vacuum pump based on each value of the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, and the pressure sensor and a preset program. Item 5. The wood dryer according to any one of Items 1 to 4. The hole diameter of the air hole drilled in the ceiling plate of the rectifying core is formed smaller on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and larger on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier, The hole diameter of the air hole drilled in the side plate is formed so that the rear wall side close to the dehumidifier is larger and the front wall side away from the dehumidifier is smaller. The wood dryer according to any one of the above. The jig is detachable from the flat plate portion formed in a rectangular shape and a plurality of support portions projecting at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion or the flat plate portion and / or the longitudinal length of the flat plate portion. 5. A wood drying apparatus according to claim 4 , further comprising: a plurality of support portions that are slidably fixed parallel to the direction, and at least a part of a bottom surface and a side surface of the loaded wood is supported. Machine. A plurality of winds formed on the plane plate, legs suspended from the right and left sides of the plane plate, and larger on the plane plate on the rear wall side closer to the dehumidifier and smaller on the front wall side away from the dehumidifier A rectifying floor plate disposed between the rail portions on both sides of the carriage guide portion, and a floor circulation fan disposed on the floor portion on the front wall side of the rectifying floor plate, The wood dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising: The wood dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a vibration generator that applies vibration to the wood to be dried. An air compressor that is disposed in the drying chamber and compresses the dry air in the drying chamber; and an air supply pipe that is connected to the air compressor and feeds the compressed dry air to the wood . The wood dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that A set temperature set in a range of 5 ° C to 40 ° C and a constant setting set in a range of 30% to 90% in the drying chamber of the wood dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 10. A cold air dehumidifying and drying step performed so as to maintain humidity, and a vacuum dehumidifying step performed at a moisture content equal to or lower than a set moisture content set in a range of 20% to 30% of the wood. How to dry wood . The wood drying method according to claim 11, wherein vibration is applied to the wood loaded on the carriage by the vibration generator of the wood dryer according to claim 9 during the cold air dehumidifying and drying step.

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