JP3880481B2 - Agricultural product internal quality inspection equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an agricultural product internal quality inspection device capable of inspecting, among other things, the internal quality of agricultural products such as potatoes and melons, in particular, the moisture and cavities.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, in agricultural products such as Saijo and melon, in addition to hollowness and maturity (unripe, suitable ripe, overripe), the fruit is like konjac, "Urumi fruit" "boiled fruit" "konnyaku" There is an internal disability called (such as different names in the region). Among these internal disturbances, the characteristic of “Uru-mi” is that the flesh softens and discolors in a water-immersed state before the maturity period and shows a red / water-immersed state with respect to normal flesh. It has also been confirmed that the “Urumika” Saijo has a konjac-like elasticity as its mouthfeel, does not have the crispness peculiar to Saijo, and has a low sugar content in the umami portion. In addition, although "Urumika" tends to increase in bad weather years, the cause and mechanism of its occurrence have not been clarified.
[0003]
Conventionally, as such an agricultural product internal quality inspection device, a hammering type inspection device is known in which an agricultural product is hit with a hammer and the internal quality is discriminated based on its vibration waveform. It is not possible to inspect “Uruumi”. In other words, in the case of this type of inspection device, using the autocorrelation waveform obtained by soft processing the vibration waveform generated by the produce when the produce is hit, from the decay rate (decay time, decay rate, waveform correlation) of the waveform. Although the internal fault is determined, even if it can be detected that there is an internal fault from the waveform, it is not possible to discriminate between “smelly fruit” and “cavity fruit” that tend to have a short decay time and low correlation.
[0004]
Therefore, in the inspection of the internal quality of Saijo, it is preferable to discriminate between “Uru-mi” that does not become a product with a very low commercial value and “Cavity” that can be used as a product even if there are a few cavities. In the case of a percussion-type inspection device, this determination cannot be made, and for “Urumika”, sensory inspection by hand is generally adopted, and the improvement is desired.
[0005]
In view of this, as an apparatus for mechanically inspecting this “smelly fruit”, for example, an inspection apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-139433 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-98654 is proposed. The inspection apparatus disclosed in the former (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-139433) irradiates Saijo with laser light from a light source, detects the scattered light with a photoelectric sensor, and measures and calculates the density of Saijo separately from this detection light. By combining these, “Uru-mi”, “Hana-chika” and the like are discriminated by item.
[0006]
Further, the inspection apparatus disclosed in the latter (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-139433) irradiates fruits and vegetables with X-rays, and based on the X-ray dose transmitted through the fruits and vegetables, the fruits and vegetables hollow fruits, umami fruits, immature fruits, fruit ripening In this case, the transmitted X-ray dose due to a change in the optical path length of normal fruits (the physical length of X-rays passing through the fruits and vegetables) and the change in the transmitted X-ray dose of abnormal fruits are distinguished. Thus, an internal failure is discriminated.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in these inspection apparatuses, since laser light or X-rays are used to discriminate “Urumika”, the data processing by each light becomes troublesome and the management of the light source becomes troublesome, and the structure of the apparatus itself Since the internal quality is discriminated by the laser light and the transmitted light of X-rays, the internal quality is compared with the percussion-type inspection device that discriminates by the vibration waveform obtained by directly striking Saijo. There is a problem that the detection accuracy (discrimination accuracy) is inferior.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to simplify the configuration of the apparatus itself while being able to discriminate between “ultimate fruit” and “cavity fruit” using a highly accurate hammering test method. Another object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural product internal quality inspection device that can automatically determine internal quality and has high processing capability.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve this object, the present invention according to claim 1inventionComprises a striking device for hitting the produce and a vibration waveform detecting device for detecting the vibration waveform of the produce by the striking device, and inspecting the internal quality of the produce based on the vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detecting device. In the agricultural product internal quality inspection device, the first detection means for detecting the first characteristic value of the vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detection device and the second characteristic value for detecting the second characteristic value of the vibration waveform Based on the waveform detection means comprising the detection means and the first and second characteristic values detected by the waveform detection means, the internal quality of the agricultural products is determined as normal, hollow,3Discriminating means for discriminating between two qualitiesThe discriminating means includes a first discriminating means for discriminating the presence or absence of an internal fault in the produce based on the first characteristic value detected by the first detecting means, and an internal fault is detected by the first discriminating means. Second discriminating means for discriminating whether the agricultural product is hollow or not based on the second characteristic value detected by the second detecting means.It is characterized by that.
[0010]
  By configuring in this way, for example, when agricultural products such as Saijo are hit by the striking device, the vibration waveform is detected by the vibration waveform detecting device, and the first characteristic value is detected by the waveform detecting means based on the detected vibration waveform. And the second characteristic value is detected. By detection of the first characteristic value by the first detection means and detection of the second characteristic value by the second detection means,First, it is determined whether or not the agricultural product has an internal failure based on the first characteristic value by the first determination unit, and then the second determination unit uses the second determination unit to determine whether the agricultural product has been determined to have an internal failure. Based on the characteristic value, it is determined whether the cavity is hollow or not, so the first and second twoUse the discrimination means to check the internal quality of agricultural products3It is possible to discriminate between two qualities, and the cavity and urine while using a simple and inexpensive hammering type inspection device.ofHigh-precision discrimination becomes possible.
[0012]
  Also,The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a batting device for hitting an agricultural product and a vibration waveform detecting device for detecting the vibration waveform of the agricultural product by the batting device, and based on the vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detecting device. In the agricultural product internal quality inspection device for inspecting the internal quality of the agricultural product, the first detection means for detecting the first characteristic value of the vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detection device and the second characteristic of the vibration waveform Waveform detection means comprising a second detection means for detecting a value, and the internal quality of the agricultural product is changed into three qualities of normal, hollow and sag based on the first and second characteristic values detected by the waveform detection means Discriminating means for discriminating, andThe discrimination means is,The second determination means for determining the presence or absence of a cavity of the agricultural product based on the second characteristic value detected by the second detection means, and the agricultural product determined to have no cavity by the second determination means, First discriminating means for discriminating the presence or absence of stagnation of the produce based on the first characteristic value detected by the first detecting means.Characterized by. By configuring in this way,For example, when an agricultural product such as Saijo is struck by a striking device, its vibration waveform is detected by a vibration waveform detecting device, and the first characteristic value and the second characteristic value are detected by the waveform detecting means based on the detected vibration waveform. Is done. By detection of the first characteristic value by the first detection means and detection of the second characteristic value by the second detection means,First, the second discrimination meansBased on the second characteristic valueThe presence or absence of a cavity in the agricultural product is determined, and then the agricultural product that is determined as having no cavity is detected by the first determination means.Based on the first characteristic valueSince the presence or absence of stagnation is determined,With the first and second discriminating means, it is possible to discriminate the internal quality of agricultural products into three qualities: normal, hollow, and urumi. High-precision discrimination becomes possible.
[0013]
  Claims3As described above, it is preferable that the first characteristic value is an attenuation rate or correlation degree of a vibration waveform, and the second characteristic value is regularity of the vibration waveform. With this configuration, since the attenuation rate and the degree of correlation are used as the first characteristic value, and regularity is used as the second characteristic value, the internal value is determined by both characteristic values that accurately correspond to the internal quality. The quality can be determined with higher accuracy, and the processing of each characteristic value can be simplified.
[0014]
  Further, the first discriminating means is a claim.4In the detected vibration waveform, it is preferable to determine that there is an internal failure when the decay time to the predetermined amplitude is shorter than the set time or the correlation degree is low. By configuring in this way,Vibration waveform detectorWhen the vibration waveform detected in step 1 is shorter than the preset time set for the time to decay to a predetermined amplitude or when the degree of correlation is low, the first determination means determines that the agricultural product has an internal failure. The presence / absence of an internal failure can be determined based on the detected decay time of the vibration waveform and the degree of correlation based on the autocorrelation waveform, and cavities and slack can be accurately determined by simpler waveform processing.
[0015]
    Further, the first discriminating means is a claim.5As in the invention described in (1), it is preferable to determine that the detected vibration waveform has a time of decay to a predetermined amplitude that is shorter than the set time or has a low degree of correlation as having a haze. By configuring in this way,Vibration waveform detectorWhen the vibration waveform detected in step 1 is attenuated to a predetermined amplitude for a time shorter than a preset time or when the degree of correlation is low,1Since the discriminating means determines that there is nourishment in the agricultural products, it can be discriminated whether there is nourishment by the decay time of the detected vibration waveform or the degree of correlation by the autocorrelation waveform, and it is possible to accurately identify the nourishment etc. by simpler waveform processing Is done.
[0016]
  In addition, the seconddetectionThe means is claimed6Like the invention described inWith the vibration waveform detectorIt is preferable to obtain the regularity by measuring the distance between the approximate straight line created using the least square method of the detected vibration waveform and each peak value of the vibration waveform. By configuring in this way,Vibration waveform detectorAn approximate straight line is created by the least square method for the vibration waveform detected in step (2).detectionSince the regularity of the vibration waveform is obtained by the means, the regularity of the vibration waveform is obtained by simple waveform processing, and the cavity and the moisture of the agricultural product are accurately distinguished.
[0017]
  Claims7It is preferable that a plurality of ranks are set for each of the three qualities. By configuring in this way, the three qualities of normal, hollow, and urine are each determined to have a plurality of ranks, so the internal quality of the agricultural product is accurately inspected and the agricultural product is accurately determined to a predetermined quality rank. it can.
[0018]
  Claims8As described in the invention, it is preferable that a size determining unit that determines the size of the agricultural product is provided, and correction is performed according to the size of the agricultural product determined by the size determining unit. By configuring in this way, the size of the agricultural product is determined by the size determination means, and for example, the criteria for determining the characteristic values of the decay time, the degree of correlation or the regularity are corrected based on this size. This makes it possible to determine the internal quality according to the size with higher accuracy.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 show an embodiment of an internal quality inspection apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram thereof, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of its operation, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of vibration waveforms. is there.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, an internal quality inspection device 1 (referred to as inspection device 1) includes a striking device 2 that strikes the surface of the rice paddy W as an agricultural product placed on the tray 6, and a western bait W that has been hit by the striking device 2. A vibration waveform detection device 3 that detects a vibration waveform, a determination device 4 that determines the internal quality of the west W based on the vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detection device 3, and a measurement by measuring the size of the west W And a size determination device 5 (size determination means).
[0021]
The striking device 2 has a hammer 7 connected to the distal end portion of the hammer shaft 8, and the hammer 7 is pivotally supported by the support shaft 10 of the hammer case 9 at the base end portion of the hammer shaft 8. In this way, it is configured to rotate from the two-dot chain line position in FIG. 1 to the solid line position and strike the western foot W with a predetermined striking force. That is, the piston rod of the cylinder 11 supported by the hammer case 9 is loosely fitted to the proximal end side of the hammer shaft 8, and the hammer 7 moves around the support shaft 10 by moving the piston rod of the cylinder 11 back and forth. It is designed to rotate.
[0022]
Further, the hammer case 9 is connected to a piston rod of a cylinder 13 attached to the unit base 12, and the hammer case 9, that is, the hammer 7 is moved to the side of W by moving the piston 13 forward and backward. The inspection position is set at a predetermined distance away according to the size.
[0023]
The vibration waveform detection device 3 includes a sensor 15 that detects vibrations on the surface of the western foot W. The sensor 15 is attached to the tip of the piston rod of the cylinder 16 attached to the unit base 12, and the sensor 15 is moved according to the size of the west wing W by operating the cylinder 16 and moving the piston rod back and forth. It is configured to be set to a waveform detection position that contacts the surface thereof with a predetermined pressure. The arrangement position of the sensor 15 is set at a position facing the hammer 7 with the western foot W interposed therebetween, so that the vibration waveform struck by the hammer 7 can be efficiently detected by the sensor 15. Yes.
[0024]
The discrimination device 4 is connected to a processing circuit 17 comprising an amplifier and a filter for amplifying the vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detection device 3, and a CPU for calculating various characteristic values by performing arithmetic processing on the detected vibration waveform. (Or a programmable controller) or the like, and a RAM 19 for storing set values or calculated characteristic values for each internal quality set in advance as will be described later, a storage unit 19 such as a ROM, etc. Yes.
[0025]
In the arithmetic processing unit 18 and the storage unit 19 of the discriminating apparatus 4, as schematically shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, first detection means 20 for detecting the decay rate of the detected vibration waveform and the vibration waveform The second detection means 21 for detecting regularity, the first detection means 20, the first determination means 22 for making a predetermined determination based on the detection result of the second detection means 21, and the second determination means 23 are constructed. .
[0026]
Note that an amplifier or the like constituting the processing circuit 17 can be provided on the vibration waveform detecting device 3 side by being integrated with the sensor 15, and the first detecting means 20 and the second detecting means 21 are also discriminating devices. Of course, it can be formed separately from 4. Then, the discriminating device 4 discriminates the internal quality of Saijo W based on the predetermined characteristic value calculated (calculated) by the arithmetic processing unit 18, and uses the discrimination signal S for each part of the inspection line (selection line). It outputs to the control apparatus 24 to control.
[0027]
The size determination device 5 is connected to a sensor 25 such as a photoelectric switch on the input side, and in the same way as the determination device 4, the signal detected by the sensor 25 is arithmetically processed and the size of the west wall W is determined. An arithmetic processing unit including a CPU (or a programmable controller) for determining the length, a storage unit (none of which is shown), and the like for storing a predetermined set value, data subjected to arithmetic processing, and the like. Then, data relating to the size of the western foot W determined by the size determining device 5 (referred to as size data) is output to the discriminating device 4, and the discriminating device 4 performs the corresponding western foot W based on this size data. Each set value is corrected.
[0028]
  Note that the storage unit of the size determination device 5 stores, for example, preset values for each division of Saijo W divided into, for example, 16 stages, and one of the 16 types of set values is selected. Is output to the discriminating device 4 as size data. Further, the size data obtained by the size determination device 5 is used to hit the impact device via the control device 24.2The cylinder 13 and the like are actuated so that the inspection position of the hammer 7 is set to a predetermined position, and the hammer 7 can always hit the western paddle W from a predetermined position regardless of the size of the western paddle W. ing. The inspection apparatus shown in FIG.1The block configuration is divided for convenience of description. For example, the size determination device 5, the control device 24, the determination device 4, and the like can be configured in one housing (or on a substrate).
[0029]
  Then thisInspectionAn example of the operation of the apparatus 1 will be described based on the flowchart showing the inspection procedure in FIG. This flowchart is automatically executed in accordance with a program stored in the storage unit 19 of the determination device 4. First, when the size determination device 5 determines the size of the western tile W on the tray 6 sent to the inspection position of the inspection line, as described above, the striking device2The hammer 7 is set at the inspection position, and the sensor 15 of the vibration waveform detection device 3 is also set at the waveform detection position and contacts the surface of the west wall W with a predetermined pressure.
[0030]
In this state, when the hammer 7 is rotated around the support shaft 10 by the control signal of the control device 24 and the surface of the west side W is struck at the tip, the inside of the west side W corresponding to this impact force Is detected by the sensor 15 on the side opposite to the striking position (S101). When the vibration waveform is detected, the vibration waveform is amplified by the processing circuit 17 and input to the arithmetic processing unit 18 of the determination device 4, and the first detection means 20 of the determination device 4 reduces the vibration waveform attenuation rate (first Decay time Ti as one characteristic value is detected (S102).
[0031]
When the decay time Ti is detected by the first detection means 20, the first discrimination means 22 compares it with a set value Ts preset in the storage unit 19, and the decay time Ti is greater than or equal to the set value Ts. It is determined whether or not (S103). At the time of this determination S103, the set value Ts is appropriately corrected, for example, a predetermined set value Ts set in advance is selected according to the size of the western foot W determined by the size determining device 5.
[0032]
If “YES” is determined in the determination S103, that is, the decay time Ti that is a time until the amplitude of the detected vibration waveform gradually attenuates and reaches a predetermined amplitude value as shown in FIG. 3A is set. If the value is equal to or greater than the value Ts, it is determined that the internal quality of the examined watermelon W is normal and the watermelon W is determined to be “normal fruit” (S104). At this time, for example, according to the detected decay time Ti, “normal fruit” is classified into a plurality of ranks. Then, a determination signal S corresponding to “normal fruit” is output from the determination device 4 to the control device 24, and each part of the inspection line is appropriately controlled by the control signal of the control device 24.
[0033]
On the other hand, if “NO” in the determination S103, that is, the detected vibration waveform has uneven and short amplitude attenuation as shown in FIG. 3B, or the amplitude attenuation as shown in FIG. If the decay time Ti is shorter than the set value Ts, it is determined that the internal quality of the inspected west seam W is abnormal (S105). If it is determined that the west wall W is an “abnormal fruit”, the second detection means 21 detects the regularity (second characteristic value) of the vibration waveform (S106), and the detected regularity is stored in advance. It is compared with the set value set in the section 19 to determine whether or not there is regularity (S107).
[0034]
The determination of the presence or absence of regularity in this determination S107 is performed by, for example, the least square method. That is, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, an evaluation line L (approximate straight line) connecting peak values from the start point to the end point of the detected vibration waveform is created, and this evaluation line L and each peak value are The total obtained by measuring the distance is obtained, and this total is compared with the total by the evaluation line L of “normal fruit” shown in FIG. Also at the time of this determination S107, as in the case of the determination S103, the reference value is appropriately corrected according to the size of the western foot W determined by the size determination device 5.
[0035]
If “YES” in this determination S107, that is, as shown in FIG. 3C, if the vibration waveform has regularity although the decay time Ti is short, there is nourishment inside the inspected W Is determined to be “Uru-mi” (S108), and a predetermined determination signal S is output from the determination device 4 to the control device 24. Further, in the case of “NO” in the determination S107, that is, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the decay time Ti is short and the vibration waveform is not regular, it is assumed that there is a cavity inside the inspected W The watermelon W is determined to be a “cavity fruit” (S109), and a predetermined determination signal S is output from the determination device 4 to the control device 24. In addition, “Uru-mi” and “Hana-kai” are also classified into a plurality of categories based on the degree of regularity in the same way as “Normal fruits”. Saijo W, which has been identified as “cavity fruit”, is handled as a product.
[0036]
By the way, the vibration waveform obtained by each of the “normal fruit”, “cavity fruit”, and “urumi fruit” Saijo W is as shown in FIG. 3, and the reason is considered as follows. That is, in the case of the “normal fruit” Saijo W, since there are no defects such as cavities and swollen inside, the vibration waveform attenuates while transmitting a substantially uniform flesh and shows a clean symmetrical attenuation waveform. Further, in the case of the “Wolf Fruit” Saijo W, the vibration waveform generated by the hitting is disturbed by, for example, the hollow portion a of FIG. 3B, and the decay time Ti is short. Furthermore, in the case of “Urumika” Saijo W, the vibration waveform generated by striking is absorbed by the pulp of the umami portion and is difficult to be transmitted, and the convergence of the amplitude becomes faster and the decay time Ti tends to be shorter. Therefore, the internal quality of 3 can be determined by obtaining the decay time Ti and regularity of the vibration waveform according to each internal quality.
[0037]
According to this inspection procedure, the vibration waveform due to the hammer 7 is detected by the sensor 15, and the first detection means 20 and the first determination means 22 constructed in the determination device 4 are first detected based on this vibration waveform. Based on the decay time Ti as the first characteristic value, it is determined whether the watermelon W is “normal fruit” or “abnormal fruit”. Then, when it is determined that “Saijo W” is an “abnormal fruit”, the regularity of the waveform as the second characteristic value detected by the second detection means 21 and the second determination means 23 built in the determination device 4. Thus, it is discriminated whether the “abnormal fruit” is “smelling fruit” or “cavity fruit”, and thus, Saijo is distinguished into three qualities of “normal fruit”, “smelling fruit” and “cavity fruit”.
[0038]
By the way, in this flowchart, it is possible to add a step of determining the maturity of the west salmon W. That is, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2, when a vibration waveform is detected in step S101, the vibration waveform is analyzed by an FFT analyzer (Ferier converter) (S110), and the inspection is performed based on the analysis result. The maturity of W is determined (S111). At this time, the vibration waveform is subjected to a Ferrier transform to obtain a natural frequency or the like from its power spectrum, and the natural frequency is discriminated with a predetermined threshold value. It is discriminated as “appropriate ripening” or “overripe”.
[0039]
FIG. 4 shows a modification of the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, and the feature thereof is that the waveform decay time is determined after the regularity of the waveform is determined. That is, when the vibration waveform is detected (S201), the regularity of the vibration waveform is detected (S202) as in step S106, and it is determined whether this regularity is present (S203). If “NO” in this determination S203, that is, if the detected vibration waveform has no regularity as shown in FIG. 3B, the inspected Saijo W is determined as “cavity fruit” (S204), and the determination is made. A predetermined determination signal S is output from the device 4 to the control device 24. On the other hand, if “YES” in the determination S203, that is, if the vibration waveform has regularity as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, the inspected Saijo W is determined as “normal fruit / smellar fruit” ( S205).
[0040]
  If it is determined in step S205 that the watermelon W is “normal fruit / smelly fruit”, the first detection means 21 detects the attenuation time Ti of the vibration waveform (S206), and this detected attenuationtimeTi is compared with set value Ts and attenuatedtimeIt is determined whether Ti is less than the set value Ts (S207). If “YES” in this determination S207, as shown in FIG. 3C, although there is regularity, the decay time Ti is less than the set value Ts. In addition, if “NO” in the determination S207, as shown in FIG. 3A, since there is regularity and the decay time Ti is equal to or longer than the set value Ts, the watermelon W is “normal fruit”. A determination (S209) is made, and a predetermined determination signal S is output from the determination device 4.
[0041]
Also in this inspection procedure, based on the vibration waveform detected by the sensor 15 by the hammer 7, the first detection means 21 and the second determination means 23 built in the determination device 4 first detect the vibration waveform detected. Based on the regularity, it is determined whether the watermelon W is “cavity fruit” or “normal / smelly fruit”. Then, when it is determined that “Seijo W” is “normal / smelly fruit”, the first detection means 20 and the first determination means 22 built in the determination device 4 “ Whether it is “normal fruit” or “salmon fruit” is determined, and in the same manner as in the flowchart of FIG. 2, Saijo W is determined to have three qualities of “normal fruit”, “salmy fruit”, and “cavity fruit”.
[0042]
  Thus, in the inspection device 1 of the above embodiment, the striking device2The hammer 7 is used to strike the surface of the Saijo W, and based on the vibration waveform, the internal quality of the Saijo W is discriminated into three qualities. It is possible to accurately determine the internal quality of Saijo W. In particular, the discriminating device 4 is provided with first detecting means 20 and first discriminating means 22 for discriminating the internal quality of the west side W based on the vibration waveform decay time Ti, and based on the regularity of the oscillating waveform. Since the two detection means 21 and the second discrimination means 23 for discriminating the internal quality are constructed, the detection means and the discrimination means are constructed. It is possible to clearly discriminate between “fruit” and “urumi”.
[0043]
  In addition, since the size determination device 5 for determining the size of the western foot W is provided, the set value Ts or the like is set to an appropriate value according to the determination result of the size determining device 5, that is, the size of the western foot W. It can be corrected, and accurate discrimination of internal quality becomes possible. In addition, the striking device according to the size of Saijo W2Since the position of the hammer 7 and the sensor 15 can be set to the optimum position, an optimum striking force according to the size of the west wall W can be provided, and the sensor 15 can vibrate properly based on this striking force. Waveforms can be detected, and from these, it becomes possible to determine the internal quality of Saitama W more accurately.
[0044]
Furthermore, the size of the western foot W is divided into 16 stages in advance, and setting values corresponding to this division are set in the size determination device 5 in advance, so that various processes in the determination device 4 and the size determination device 5 can be performed. For example, each quality of “normal fruit”, “cavity fruit”, and “urumi fruit” can be easily discriminated into a plurality of categories, and the processing capacity of the inspection of Saijo W can be improved. In addition, “Uru-mi” as a non-product and “Hyuka-kachi” as a product can be reliably identified. For example, the producer can ship “Koi-kachi” outside the product as a product and produce it. It becomes possible to raise the product height etc.
[0045]
Furthermore, the first detection means 20 and the first determination means 22 determine the internal quality based on the decay time Ti as the first characteristic value of the vibration waveform, and the second detection means 21 and the second determination means 23 Since discrimination is performed using the evaluation line L by the least squares method as two characteristic values, the internal quality can be discriminated by two characteristic values of the vibration waveform in which the internal quality of Saijo W accurately appears, and the processing itself is simple. The control of the discriminating device 4 itself can be simplified. From these facts, it is possible to carry out accurate discrimination work such as “Urumika” that makes use of its features while adopting a structurally simple and inexpensive percussion-type inspection method. Costs can be reduced and inspection efficiency can be improved.
[0046]
5 and 6 are flowcharts showing the same inspection procedure as in FIGS. 2 and 4 showing another embodiment of the inspection apparatus according to the present invention. Since the configuration of the inspection apparatus is the same as that of the above embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for explanation. The characteristic of the inspection apparatus 1 of this embodiment is that the correlation degree Ki of the vibration waveform is adopted instead of the decay time Ti in the above embodiment.
[0047]
That is, in FIG. 5, when a vibration waveform is detected in step S301, first, the correlation degree Ki of the vibration waveform is detected by the first detection means 20 based on the detected vibration waveform (S302). At this time, the correlation degree Ki is a correlation degree when the autocorrelation waveform is shifted for a certain time. For example, in the case of a clean waveform in which the amplitude of the vibration waveform is not disturbed, such as a sine wave, the correlation degree Ki is “ In the case of a waveform having a high value such as “0.9”, “1”, etc. and having a disturbance in the amplitude or the like of the vibration waveform, the correlation degree Ki is “0.7” “0.5” “0.4”, etc. Will show a low value. The degree of correlation Ki is known to be high when the decay time Ti of the detected vibration waveform is long, and low when the decay time Ti is short, indicating a correlation with the decay time Ti. Yes.
[0048]
When the correlation degree Ki is detected in step S302 in this way, the detected correlation degree Ki and the set value Ks previously set in the storage unit 19 (for example, Ks = 0.8) are detected by the first discrimination means 22. To determine whether or not the detected correlation degree Ki is equal to or greater than the set value Ks (S303). If “YES” in this determination S303, that is, if the correlation degree Ki of the detected vibration waveform is equal to or greater than the set value Ks such as “0.9”, the inspected Saijo W is determined as “normal fruit”. (S304), and a predetermined determination signal S is output to the control device 24.
[0049]
On the other hand, if “NO” in the determination S303, that is, if the detected correlation Ki is a value lower than the set value Ks such as “0.7”, the inspected Saijo W is determined as “abnormal fruit” (S305). The regularity of the waveform is detected by the second detection means 21 (S306). Thereafter, the second determining means 23 determines whether or not there is regularity (S307), and determines whether the "abnormal fruit" is "Uru-mi" (S308) or "hollow fruit" (S309). Steps S305 to S309 are performed in the same manner as S105 to S109.
[0050]
That is, in the case of this inspection procedure, the first detection means 20 and the first determination means 22 constructed in the determination device 4 are first detected based on the vibration waveform detected by the sensor 15 by the hammer 7 hitting. If the coral degree Ki of the waveform determines whether the watermelon W is “normal fruit” or “abnormal fruit”, and if the watermelon W is determined to be “abnormal fruit”, the second detection built in the determination device 4 The means 21 and the second discriminating means 23 discriminate whether “smelling fruit” or “cavity fruit” is based on the regularity of the detected vibration waveform. The quality will be discriminated.
[0051]
Also in this embodiment, a modification as shown in FIG. 6 can be adopted. That is, when the vibration waveform is detected (S401), first, the regularity of the vibration waveform is detected by the second detection means 21 (S402), and the waveform is detected by the second discrimination means 23 based on the detected regularity. It is determined whether or not there is regularity (S403). If this determination S403) is “NO”, the inspected west wing W is determined as “cavity fruit” (S404).
[0052]
If “YES” in the determination S403, the inspected Saijo W is determined as “normal / smelly fruit” (S405), and the first detection means 21 detects the correlation degree Ki of the waveform (S406). Then, the first discrimination means 22 judges whether or not the detected correlation degree Ki is less than a preset set value Ks (S407). If this judgment S407 is “YES”, that is, the correlation degree Ki is “0”. When the set value Ks is less than the set value Ks, such as “.6”, the inspected Saijo W is determined as “Uru-mi” (S408), and when the determination is “NO” in S407, that is, the correlation degree Ki is “0.9”. If it is equal to or greater than the set value Ks as in the above, the inspected west W is determined as “normal fruit” (S409).
[0053]
  Also in this inspection procedure, based on the vibration waveform detected by the sensor 15 by the hammer 7, the first detection means 21 and the second determination means 23 built in the determination device 4 first detect the vibration waveform detected. If it is determined whether the watermelon W is “cavity fruit” or “normal / smelly fruit” by regularity, and the watermelon W is determined to be “normal / smelly fruit”, the first built in the determination device 4 The detection means 20 and the first discrimination means 22Correlation degree KiThus, “Uru-mi” or “Normal” is discriminated, and as in the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0054]
  In the flowcharts of the above embodiments, the detection of the decay time Ti or the correlation degree Ki by the first detection unit 20 and the detection of regularity by the second detection unit 21 are sequentially performed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when a vibration waveform is detected, the first detection unit 20 and the second detection unit 21 detect the characteristic values substantially simultaneously, and the first determination unit 22 and the second determination unit 23 are detected. Flow to perform discrimination by the specified orderChart andYou can also
[0055]
  The present invention is not limited to each of the above embodiments.,In each of the above embodiments, the case where the agricultural product to be inspected is Saijo W has been described. However, the present invention can of course be applied to agricultural products such as melon, and the first characteristic value and the second characteristic of the vibration waveform. The characteristic value is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and an appropriate characteristic value representing a predetermined characteristic of the vibration waveform that can discriminate at least “smelling fruit” can be employed.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above in detail, according to the invention described in claim 1, the vibration waveform of the agricultural product hit by the striking device is detected by the vibration waveform detecting device, and based on the detected vibration waveform, With the first detection meansVibration waveformThe first characteristic value is detected and the second detection meansVibration waveformA second characteristic value is detected;Based on the first characteristic value, the first determination means determines whether or not the agricultural product has an internal failure. After that, for the agricultural product determined to have the internal failure, the second determination means uses the second characteristic. Since it is discriminated whether it is hollow or not, based on the value, the first and second discriminating meansAgricultural products are normal, hollow, and urine3It is possible to discriminate between two qualities, and it is possible to discriminate between the cavities and the scum of agricultural products with high accuracy by making use of the characteristics while using a simple and inexpensive percussion type inspection device.
[0058]
  Claims2According to the invention described inThe vibration waveform of the agricultural product hit by the striking device is detected by the vibration waveform detecting device. Based on the detected vibration waveform, the first characteristic value of the vibration waveform is detected by the first detecting means of the waveform detecting means. The second characteristic value of the vibration waveform is detected by the two detection means,With the second discrimination meansBased on the second characteristic valueThe presence or absence of a cavity in the agricultural product is determined, and then the agricultural product that is determined as having no cavity is detected by the first determination means.Based on the first characteristic valueBecause the presence or absence of stagnation is determined,The first and second discriminating means can discriminate the agricultural products into three qualities: normal, hollow, and urine, and the features of using a sounding type inspection device that is simple in construction and inexpensive. It is possible to discriminate cavities and moisture of livestock farm products with high accuracy.
[0059]
  Claims3According to the invention described in claim 1,Or 2In addition to the effects of the invention described in item 1, the vibration waveform is attenuated as the first characteristic value detected by the first detection means.speedAnd the degree of correlation is used, and the regularity of the vibration waveform is used as the second characteristic value detected by the second detection means, so that the internal quality is further increased by both characteristic values corresponding to the internal quality of the produce properly. It is possible to discriminate with high accuracy and to simplify the processing of both characteristic values.
[0060]
  Claims4According to the invention described in claim1Or3In addition to the effects of the invention described inVibration waveform detectorIf the vibration waveform detected in step 1 is shorter than the preset time set for the decay time to a predetermined amplitude, or if the degree of correlation is low, the first discrimination means discriminates that there is an internal fault in the produce. The presence / absence of an internal failure can be determined based on the decay time of the vibration waveform and the correlation degree based on the autocorrelation waveform, and cavities and moisture of agricultural products can be accurately determined by simpler waveform processing.
[0061]
  Claims5According to the invention described in claim2Or3In addition to the effects of the invention described inVibration waveform detectorWhen the vibration waveform detected in step 1 is attenuated to a predetermined amplitude for a time shorter than a preset time or when the degree of correlation is low,1This means that it is possible to determine the presence or absence of stagnation based on the decay time of the detected vibration waveform or the degree of correlation based on the autocorrelation waveform. Can be determined with high accuracy.
[0062]
  Claims6According to the invention described in claim 1, the claims 1 to5In addition to the effects of the invention described inVibration waveform detectorAn approximate straight line is created by the least square method for the vibration waveform detected in step (2).detectionSince the regularity of the vibration waveform is required by the means, the regularity of the vibration waveform can be obtained by simple waveform processing, and the cavity and the moisture of the agricultural product can be accurately distinguished.
[0063]
  Claims7According to the invention described in claim 1, the claims 1 to6In addition to the effects of the invention described in the above, the three qualities of normal, hollow and urine of agricultural products are each determined in a plurality of ranks, so that the internal quality of agricultural products can be accurately determined to a predetermined quality rank, The inspection efficiency can be improved.
[0064]
  Claims8According to the invention described in claim 1, the claims 1 to7In addition to the effects of the invention described in (1), the size of the agricultural product is determined by the size determination means, and the decay time, the degree of correlation, the regularity discrimination reference value, etc. are corrected based on this size. There is an effect that the internal quality corresponding to the depth can be discriminated more accurately.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an internal quality inspection apparatus for agricultural products according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the vibration waveform
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a modification of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart similar to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the internal quality inspection apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a modification of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ..... Internal quality inspection equipment
2 ...... Blowing device
3 ... ・ Vibration waveform detector
4 ..... Discrimination device
5 ... Size determination device
6 ... Tray
7 .... Hammer
8 ... Hammer shaft
9 ... Hammer case
10 ... Support shaft
11, 13 ... Cylinder
15 ... Sensor
16 ... Cylinder
17 ... Processing circuit
18 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Processing section
19 ... Memory
20... First detection means
21... Second detecting means
22... First discriminating means
23... Second discriminating means
24 ... Control device
25 ... Sensor
W ... Saijo
Ti ... Decay time
Ki: Correlation degree
S ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Distinction signal

Claims (8)

An agricultural product comprising a batting device for hitting an agricultural product and a vibration waveform detecting device for detecting the vibration waveform of the agricultural product by the batting device, and inspecting the internal quality of the agricultural product based on the vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detecting device In the internal quality inspection equipment
Waveform detection means comprising first detection means for detecting a first characteristic value of a vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detection device, and second detection means for detecting a second characteristic value of the vibration waveform; Discriminating means for discriminating the internal quality of the agricultural product into three qualities of normal, hollow and moisture based on the first and second characteristic values detected by the waveform detecting means, and the discriminating means comprises the first The first determination means for determining the presence or absence of an internal failure of the agricultural product based on the first characteristic value detected by one detection means, and the agricultural product determined to have an internal failure by the first determination means, internal quality inspection apparatus of agricultural products such agricultural products, characterized in Rukoto and a second discriminating means for discriminating whether ulmi or cavity, based on the second characteristic value detected by the second detection means. An agricultural product comprising a batting device for hitting an agricultural product and a vibration waveform detecting device for detecting the vibration waveform of the agricultural product by the batting device, and inspecting the internal quality of the agricultural product based on the vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detecting device In the internal quality inspection equipment
Waveform detection means comprising first detection means for detecting a first characteristic value of a vibration waveform detected by the vibration waveform detection device, and second detection means for detecting a second characteristic value of the vibration waveform; Discriminating means for discriminating the internal quality of the agricultural product into three qualities of normal, hollow and moisture based on the first and second characteristic values detected by the waveform detecting means, and the discriminating means comprises the first A second discriminating unit that discriminates the presence or absence of a cavity of the agricultural product based on the second characteristic value detected by the second detecting unit; and the agricultural product that is discriminated as having no cavity by the second discriminating unit. first discriminating means and the internal quality inspection apparatus of agricultural products and having a to determine the presence or absence of ulmi of the agricultural products on the basis of the first characteristic value detected by the detection means. 3. The internal quality inspection of agricultural products according to claim 1, wherein the first characteristic value is an attenuation rate or correlation degree of a vibration waveform, and the second characteristic value is regularity of the vibration waveform. apparatus. Said first determination means, the detected vibration waveform, claim, characterized in that determining that there is an internal fault what is low short or correlation than the set time period to decay to a predetermined amplitude 1 or The internal quality inspection device for agricultural products according to 3 . It said first determination means, the detected vibration waveform, claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the time to decay to a predetermined amplitude is determined that there ulmi those low short or correlation than the set time An internal quality inspection device for agricultural products described in 1. It said second detecting means, by measuring the distance between each peak value of the vibration waveform detecting detected vibration waveform in the apparatus and the approximate line was created by using the least squares method the vibration waveform, the regularity An internal quality inspection device for agricultural products according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that it is obtained. Internal quality inspection apparatus of agricultural products as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said three quality is more rank setting respectively. The size determination means which determines the magnitude | size of the said agricultural product is provided, and it correct | amends according to the magnitude | size of the agricultural product determined by this size determination means, The Claim 1 thru | or 7 characterized by the above-mentioned. Internal quality inspection equipment for agricultural products.

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