JP3876032B2 - Thermoplastic resin composition - Google Patents

Thermoplastic resin composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3876032B2
JP3876032B2 JP00850797A JP850797A JP3876032B2 JP 3876032 B2 JP3876032 B2 JP 3876032B2 JP 00850797 A JP00850797 A JP 00850797A JP 850797 A JP850797 A JP 850797A JP 3876032 B2 JP3876032 B2 JP 3876032B2
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Prior art keywords
weight
glycol
thermoplastic resin
resin composition
polycarbonate resin
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JP00850797A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH10204277A (en
Inventor
亘 福本
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Teijin Chemicals Ltd
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Teijin Chemicals Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、機械的強度、耐熱性等が良好な熱可塑性樹脂組成物に関し、さらには傷付き防止性に優れた熱可塑性樹脂組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂は、機械的強度、耐熱性等に優れたエンジニアリングプラスチックであり、電気、電子機器分野等さまざまな分野において幅広く利用されている。特に容器等の成形品にはその優れた特性により多く使用されている。しかしながら、容器に入れる成形品、特にその成形品がポリカーボネート樹脂よりなる成形品ではその成形品を傷つける問題がある。これを改良する方法の一つとして特公昭36−7641、特開昭48−40849等に記載されているようにシリコーンオイルや、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンとオレフィン系ワックス等を添加して摺動特性を向上させることは傷付き防止に有効であるが、まだ不十分であった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、機械的強度、耐熱性等が良好でさらに傷付き防止性に優れた熱可塑性樹脂組成物を提供することにある。
【0004】
本発明者は、上記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂にポリエステルエラストマーを配合することにより成形品表面の硬度を低下させ、さらに摺動性付与剤を配合することにより摩擦抵抗を低減させることで目的とする傷付き防止に優れ、尚かつ機械的強度、耐熱性等が良好な熱可塑性樹脂組成物が得られることを見いだし、本発明に到達した。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明によれば(A)芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂94.9〜65重量%、(B)テレフタル酸を70モル%以上含有するジカルボン酸、テトラメチレングリコールを70モル%以上含有するグリコール成分、および平均分子量が500〜5000のポリ(オキシアルキレン)グリコールの三成分を共重合させた共重合体であるポリエステルエラストマー5〜30重量%、(C)オレフィン系ワックス、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンより選ばれた1種または2種の摺動性付与剤0.1〜5重量%よりなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物が提供される。
【0006】
本発明において(A)成分として使用される芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂は通常エンジニアリング樹脂として使用される樹脂であり、二価フェノールとカーボネート前駆体を反応させて得られる芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂である。ここで使用する二価フェノールの代表的な例としては、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン(通称ビスフェノールA)、ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジメチルフェニル)プロパン、2,2−ビス(4ヒドロキシ−3,5ジブロモフェニル)プロパン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシ−3−メチルフェニル)プロパン、ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)エーテル、4−4’−ジヒドロキシジフェニル、ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)サルファイドおよびビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)スルホン等があげられる。好ましい二価フェノールはビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)アルカンであり、なかでもビスフェノールAが特に好ましい。
【0007】
本発明における(A)成分の芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法について基本的な手段を簡単に説明する。
【0008】
カーボネート前駆物質として例えばホスゲンを使用する溶液法の場合、通常酸結合剤および溶媒の存在下に反応を行う。酸結合剤としては例えば水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属水酸化物またはピリジン等のアミン化合物が用いられる。溶媒としては例えば塩化メチレン、クロロベンゼン等のハロゲン化炭化水素が用いられる。また反応促進のために例えば第三級アミンまたは第四級アンモニウム塩等の触媒を用いることもできる。その際、反応温度は通常0〜40℃であり、反応時間は数分〜5時間である。この溶液法のホスゲン以外のカーボネート前駆体としては、カーボネートエステルまたはハロホルメート等が使用でき、具体的にはジフェニルカーボネートまたは二価フェノールのジハロホルメート等が挙げられる。
【0009】
カーボネート前駆物質として炭酸ジエステルを用いるエステル交換反応(溶融法)は、不活性ガス雰囲気下所定割合の二価フェノール成分を炭酸ジエステルと加熱しながら撹拌して、生成するアルコールまたはフェノール類を留出させる方法により行われる。反応温度は生成するアルコールまたはフェノール類の沸点等により異なるが、通常120〜300℃の範囲である。反応はその初期から減圧にして生成するアルコールまたはフェノール類を留出させながら反応を完結させる。また反応を促進するために通常エステル交換反応に使用される触媒を使用することもできる。前記エステル交換反応に使用される炭酸ジエステルとしては、例えばジフェニルカーボネート、ジナフチルカーボネート、ビス(ジフェニル)カーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、ジブチルカーボネート等が挙げられる。これらのうち特にジフェニルカーボネートが好ましい。
【0010】
上記二価フェノールとカーボネート前駆体を反応させて芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂を製造するに当たり、二価フェノールは単独または2種以上を使用することができ、また芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂は三官能以上の他官能性芳香族化合物を共重合した分岐ポリカーボネート樹脂であっても、2種以上の芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂の混合物であってもよい。また、必要に応じて触媒、分子量調節剤、酸化防止剤を使用してもよい。
【0011】
芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂の分子量については任意のものを用いることができ、例えば二価フェノールとしてビスフェノールA、カーボネート前駆体としてホスゲンを用いて芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂を得た場合、濃度0.7g/dl塩化メチレン溶液により温度20℃で測定した比粘度(ηsp)が0.15〜1.5のものが好ましい。
【0012】
本発明で(B)成分として使用されるポリエステルエラストマーは、テレフタル酸を70モル%以上含有するジカルボン酸、テトラメチレングリコールを70モル%以上含有するグリコール成分、および平均分子量が500〜5000のポリ(オキシアルキレン)グリコールの三成分を共重合させた共重合体である。
【0013】
ポリ(オキシアルキレン)グリコールとしては、平均分子量が500〜5000でありこのグリコール中に含有される炭素原子と酸素原子との数の比が2.0〜4.3であることが好ましく、例えばポリ(テトラメチレンオキサイド)グリコール、ポリ(エチレンオキサイド)グリコール、ポリ(プロピレンオキサイド)グリコールおよびこれらの共重合体等があげられ、特にポリ(テトラメチレンオキサイド)グリコールが好ましい。ポリエステルエラストマー中のポリ(オキシアルキレン)グリコール量は20〜80重量%であり、好ましくは30〜80重量%であり、特に好ましくは50〜80重量%である。ポリエステルエラストマーの重合度は、35℃オルソクロロフェノール中1.2g/100mlの濃度で測定した還元粘度が0.5〜5.0のものが好ましく、特に0.7〜4.0のものが好ましい。
【0014】
このポリエステルエラストマーの配合量は、5〜30重量%であり、10〜20重量%の範囲が好ましい。5重量%未満では表面硬度の低下が少ないため、傷付き防止性が劣り、30重量%を越えると耐熱性が低下するため好ましくない。
【0015】
本発明で(C)成分として使用される摺動性付与剤とは該樹脂成分に摺動性を付与する添加剤である。摺動性を付与する添加剤としては、摺動特性と機械的強度のバランスが優れるオレフィン系ワックス、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの単独又は併用が好ましい。
【0016】
この摺動性付与剤の配合量は、0.1〜5重量%であり、0.5〜3重量%の範囲が好ましい。0.1重量%未満では充分な摺動特性が得られないため、傷付き防止性が劣り、5重量%を越えると剥離、機械的強度の低下等が生じるため好ましくない。
【0017】
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物の上記各成分の割合は、(A)成分、(B)成分及び(C)成分の合計が100重量%になるよう調整し、さらに、本発明の目的および効果を損なわない範囲で、難燃剤、難燃助剤、着色剤、帯電防止剤等を配合してもよく、また他の熱可塑性樹脂を配合しても良い。
【0018】
また、本発明によれば、該熱可塑性樹脂組成物を溶融混練し、成形して得られた成形品が提供される。この成形品は、各成分を混合機、例えばV型ブレンダー、リボンミキサーまたはタンブラー等に投入し均一に混合した後、一軸または二軸押出機で溶融混練し、さらに射出成形、圧縮成形または回転成形等の方法で成形することにより得られる。また、成分の一部を予め混合混練後、さらに残りの成分を添加し混練、溶融押出してもよい。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳しく説明する。なお、評価は下記(1)〜(4)の方法によった。
【0020】
(1)耐衝撃性:ASTM D256に従い、厚さ1/4″試験片にてノッチ付きアイゾット衝撃強度を測定した。
【0021】
(2)耐熱性:ASTM D648に従い、18.6kgf/cm2 荷重の荷重たわみ温度を測定した。
【0022】
(3)表面硬度:JISK5400に準拠し、おもり1kg、鉛筆の移動速度0.5mm/secでの鉛筆硬度をを測定した。尚、判定は試験片の表面に傷が付かないときの鉛筆の硬度を表面硬度とした。
【0023】
(4)動摩擦係数:外径25mm、内径20mmの円筒状試験片を作成し、摩擦試験機((株)オリエンテック製 フリクトロン摩擦摩耗試験機)をスラスト摩擦摩耗試験を行った。滑り速度20cm/sec 、相手材料は機械構造用炭素鋼(S−45C)を使用し、無潤滑の状態での動摩擦係数を測定した。
【0024】
[実施例1〜5、および比較例1〜7]
ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステルエラストマー、摺動性付与剤、および安定剤を表1に示す割合でV型ブレンダーで混合し、径30mmのベント式二軸押出機((株)日本製鋼所製TEX30XSSTによりシリンダー温度270℃でペレット化し、このペレットを110℃で5時間乾燥した後、射出成形機(ファナック(株)製 T−150D)によりシリンダー温度270℃、金型温度70℃で試験片を作成し、これらの評価結果を表1に示した。なお、表1記載の各成分を示す記号は下記の通りである。
【0025】
PC:ポリカーボネート樹脂[帝人化成(株)製パンライトL−1225、ηsp=0.41]
PTEE:ポリエステルエラストマー[帝人(株)製ヌーベランTR−ER1]摺動性付与剤1:ポリテトラフルオロエチレン樹脂[ダイキン工業(株)製ルブロンL−5]
摺動性付与剤2:オレフィン系ワックス[三井石油化学(株)製ハイワックス310MP]
【0026】
【表1】

Figure 0003876032
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂は、傷付き防止性、機械的強度、耐熱性に優れるため、容器等の成形品に有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition having good mechanical strength, heat resistance and the like, and further relates to a thermoplastic resin composition having excellent scratch resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Aromatic polycarbonate resin is an engineering plastic excellent in mechanical strength, heat resistance and the like, and is widely used in various fields such as electrical and electronic equipment fields. In particular, it is often used for molded products such as containers due to its excellent characteristics. However, there is a problem that a molded product put in a container, particularly a molded product made of polycarbonate resin, is damaged. As one of the methods for improving this, sliding properties can be improved by adding silicone oil, polytetrafluoroethylene and olefinic wax as described in JP-B-36-7641 and JP-A-48-40849. Improvement is effective in preventing scratches, but it was still insufficient.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic resin composition having good mechanical strength, heat resistance, etc. and excellent scratch resistance.
[0004]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventor has reduced the hardness of the molded product surface by blending a polyester elastomer with an aromatic polycarbonate resin, and further blending a slidability imparting agent. The inventors have found that a thermoplastic resin composition having excellent mechanical strength, heat resistance and the like can be obtained by reducing the frictional resistance, and achieving the present invention.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, according to the present invention, (A) 94.9 to 65% by weight of an aromatic polycarbonate resin, (B) a dicarboxylic acid containing 70 mol% or more of terephthalic acid, a glycol component containing 70 mol% or more of tetramethylene glycol, And 5 to 30% by weight of a polyester elastomer which is a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing three components of poly (oxyalkylene) glycol having an average molecular weight of 500 to 5000 , (C) an olefin wax, and polytetrafluoroethylene. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising 0.1 to 5% by weight of one or two slidability-imparting agents is provided.
[0006]
In the present invention, the aromatic polycarbonate resin used as the component (A) is a resin usually used as an engineering resin, and is an aromatic polycarbonate resin obtained by reacting a dihydric phenol and a carbonate precursor. Typical examples of the dihydric phenol used here include 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (commonly called bisphenol A), bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, and 1,1-bis (4- Hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4hydroxy-3,5 dibromo) Phenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propane, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ether, 4-4′-dihydroxydiphenyl, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide and bis (4 -Hydroxyphenyl) sulfone and the like. A preferred dihydric phenol is bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) alkane, and bisphenol A is particularly preferred.
[0007]
The basic means of the method for producing the aromatic polycarbonate resin as the component (A) in the present invention will be briefly described.
[0008]
In the case of a solution method using, for example, phosgene as a carbonate precursor, the reaction is usually carried out in the presence of an acid binder and a solvent. As the acid binder, for example, an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide or an amine compound such as pyridine is used. As the solvent, for example, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride and chlorobenzene are used. In order to accelerate the reaction, a catalyst such as a tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium salt can also be used. In that case, reaction temperature is 0-40 degreeC normally, and reaction time is several minutes-5 hours. As carbonate precursors other than phosgene in this solution method, carbonate esters or haloformates can be used, and specific examples include diphenyl carbonate or dihaloformates of dihydric phenols.
[0009]
In the transesterification reaction (melting method) using a carbonic acid diester as a carbonate precursor, a predetermined proportion of a dihydric phenol component is stirred with a carbonic acid diester in an inert gas atmosphere to distill the resulting alcohol or phenols. By the method. The reaction temperature varies depending on the boiling point of the alcohol or phenol produced, but is usually in the range of 120 to 300 ° C. The reaction is completed while distilling off the alcohol or phenol produced under reduced pressure from the beginning. Moreover, in order to accelerate | stimulate reaction, the catalyst normally used for transesterification can also be used. Examples of the carbonic acid diester used in the transesterification include diphenyl carbonate, dinaphthyl carbonate, bis (diphenyl) carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and dibutyl carbonate. Of these, diphenyl carbonate is particularly preferred.
[0010]
In producing an aromatic polycarbonate resin by reacting the above dihydric phenol with a carbonate precursor, the dihydric phenol can be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the aromatic polycarbonate resin can be trifunctional or more functional. It may be a branched polycarbonate resin copolymerized with an aromatic compound or a mixture of two or more aromatic polycarbonate resins. Moreover, you may use a catalyst, a molecular weight regulator, and antioxidant as needed.
[0011]
Any molecular weight of the aromatic polycarbonate resin can be used. For example, when the aromatic polycarbonate resin is obtained using bisphenol A as the dihydric phenol and phosgene as the carbonate precursor, the concentration is 0.7 g / dl methylene chloride. A specific viscosity (ηsp) measured by a solution at a temperature of 20 ° C. is preferably 0.15 to 1.5.
[0012]
The polyester elastomer used as the component (B) in the present invention is a dicarboxylic acid containing 70 mol% or more of terephthalic acid, a glycol component containing 70 mol% or more of tetramethylene glycol, and a poly (average molecular weight of 500 to 5000). It is a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing three components of (oxyalkylene) glycol.
[0013]
The poly (oxyalkylene) glycol preferably has an average molecular weight of 500 to 5000 and a ratio of the number of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms contained in the glycol of 2.0 to 4.3. Examples thereof include (tetramethylene oxide) glycol, poly (ethylene oxide) glycol, poly (propylene oxide) glycol and copolymers thereof, and poly (tetramethylene oxide) glycol is particularly preferable. The amount of poly (oxyalkylene) glycol in the polyester elastomer is 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 30 to 80% by weight, and particularly preferably 50 to 80% by weight. The degree of polymerization of the polyester elastomer is preferably such that the reduced viscosity measured at a concentration of 1.2 g / 100 ml in orthochlorophenol at 35 ° C. is 0.5 to 5.0, particularly preferably 0.7 to 4.0. .
[0014]
The compounding quantity of this polyester elastomer is 5 to 30 weight%, and the range of 10 to 20 weight% is preferable. If it is less than 5% by weight, the surface hardness is hardly lowered, so that the scratch resistance is inferior. If it exceeds 30% by weight, the heat resistance is lowered, which is not preferable.
[0015]
The slidability imparting agent used as the component (C) in the present invention is an additive that imparts slidability to the resin component . Additives for imparting sliding properties, olefin wax balanced sliding characteristics and excellent mechanical strength, alone or in combination of polytetrafluoroethylene is preferred.
[0016]
The amount of the slidability-imparting agent is 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, sufficient sliding properties cannot be obtained, so that scratch resistance is poor, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, peeling and a decrease in mechanical strength are caused.
[0017]
The proportion of each of the above components of the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is adjusted so that the sum of the components (A), (B) and (C) is 100% by weight. In the range that does not damage the above, flame retardants, flame retardant aids, colorants, antistatic agents and the like may be blended, and other thermoplastic resins may be blended.
[0018]
Moreover, according to this invention, the molded article obtained by melt-kneading and shape | molding this thermoplastic resin composition is provided. In this molded product, each component is put into a mixer such as a V-type blender, ribbon mixer or tumbler and mixed uniformly, and then melt-kneaded with a single-screw or twin-screw extruder, followed by injection molding, compression molding or rotational molding. It can be obtained by molding by the above method. Further, after mixing and kneading a part of the components in advance, the remaining components may be added and kneaded and melt extruded.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The evaluation was based on the following methods (1) to (4).
[0020]
(1) Impact resistance: Notched Izod impact strength was measured with a 1/4 "thickness test piece according to ASTM D256.
[0021]
(2) Heat resistance: The deflection temperature under load of 18.6 kgf / cm 2 was measured according to ASTM D648.
[0022]
(3) Surface hardness: Based on JISK5400, the pencil hardness was measured at a weight of 1 kg and a pencil moving speed of 0.5 mm / sec. In the determination, the hardness of the pencil when the surface of the test piece was not damaged was defined as the surface hardness.
[0023]
(4) Coefficient of dynamic friction: Cylindrical test pieces having an outer diameter of 25 mm and an inner diameter of 20 mm were prepared, and a thrust friction wear test was performed on a friction tester (Flictron friction wear tester manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.). The sliding speed was 20 cm / sec, the counterpart material was carbon steel for machine structure (S-45C), and the coefficient of dynamic friction was measured without lubrication.
[0024]
[Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7]
Polycarbonate resin, polyester elastomer, slidability-imparting agent, and stabilizer were mixed in the proportions shown in Table 1 with a V-type blender, and a 30 mm diameter vent type twin screw extruder (Cylinder temperature by TEX30XSST manufactured by Nippon Steel Co., Ltd.) After pelletizing at 270 ° C. and drying the pellet at 110 ° C. for 5 hours, test pieces were prepared at an injection molding machine (T-150D manufactured by FANUC CORPORATION) at a cylinder temperature of 270 ° C. and a mold temperature of 70 ° C. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. Symbols indicating each component described in Table 1 are as follows.
[0025]
PC: Polycarbonate resin [Teijin Chemicals Ltd. Panlite L-1225, ηsp = 0.41]
PTEE: Polyester elastomer [Nyuberan TR-ER1 manufactured by Teijin Limited] Sliding agent 1: Polytetrafluoroethylene resin [Lublon L-5 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.]
Sliding agent 2: Olefin wax [High wax 310MP manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.]
[0026]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003876032
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
Since the thermoplastic resin of the present invention is excellent in scratch resistance, mechanical strength, and heat resistance, it is useful for molded articles such as containers.

Claims (1)

(A)芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂94.9〜65重量%、(B)テレフタル酸を70モル%以上含有するジカルボン酸、テトラメチレングリコールを70モル%以上含有するグリコール成分、および平均分子量が500〜5000のポリ(オキシアルキレン)グリコールの三成分を共重合させた共重合体であるポリエステルエラストマー5〜30重量%、(C)オレフィン系ワックス、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンより選ばれた1種または2種の摺動性付与剤0.1〜5重量%よりなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物。(A) Aromatic polycarbonate resin 94.9 to 65% by weight, (B) Dicarboxylic acid containing 70 mol% or more of terephthalic acid, Glycol component containing 70 mol% or more of tetramethylene glycol, and an average molecular weight of 500 to 5000 1 or 2 types of slips selected from 5 to 30% by weight of a polyester elastomer which is a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing three components of poly (oxyalkylene) glycol , (C) an olefin wax and polytetrafluoroethylene A thermoplastic resin composition comprising 0.1 to 5% by weight of a mobility-imparting agent.
JP00850797A 1997-01-21 1997-01-21 Thermoplastic resin composition Expired - Fee Related JP3876032B2 (en)

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EP0320647A3 (en) * 1987-12-16 1990-09-19 General Electric Company Polycarbonate composition with low heat distortion
WO1994001495A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-01-20 Kawasaki Chemical Holding Co. Elastomer toughened, wear resistant compositions
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