JP3874721B2 - Strain deformation prevention device due to thermal expansion of inner cylinder used in high temperature and high pressure combustion apparatus of multi-cylinder structure. - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for preventing deformation due to thermal expansion of an inner cylinder used in various high-temperature and high-pressure combustion apparatuses including a supersonic jet burner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a supersonic jet burner capable of generating a shock wave is known as a high-temperature and high-pressure heating device.
[0003]
A supersonic jet burner equivalent to such a shock wave generating burner burns high-pressure air with a flame of burner combustion (1300 ° C.) or higher, and injects this gas expansion volume from a small hole (discharge port), with a speed of around 1,000 m / s. The gas is sprayed at a high speed, that is, a speed exceeding the shock wave (340 m / sec), and this energy is used for destruction, crushing, drying, etc. for molecular conversion (by high-speed molecular collision), etc. Waste, raw garbage, seafood, general sewage, waste disposal, and pre-incineration treatment can be performed.
[0004]
In other words, in order to generate this shock wave, the combustion state in the burner body becomes high temperature and high pressure, the heat effect acting on the inner wall of the burner body is very large, and metal materials excellent in high temperature characteristics of the heat and pressure resistant structure, such as molybdenum steel, zirconium steel, etc. Very expensive materials must be used.
[0005]
It is also known that the inner cylinder that creates a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion state has a multi-cylinder structure with a middle cylinder and an outer cylinder provided with a cooling mechanism, and each metal material is different. is there.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-39126 A [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-74317
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion apparatus having a multi-cylinder structure with an inner cylinder, even if a refractory metal having an excellent pressure resistance and heat-resistant effect of the inner cylinder itself is used, the refractory metal is close to the limit due to the budget. May have to be used. In such a case, the inner cylinder using a refractory metal is deformed or distorted when the plastic deformation, ie, expansion due to heating or shrinkage recovery when cooled, exceeds the limit of the metal equilibrium line. However, there is a problem that it becomes impossible to restore, and a crack or a hole is opened in the inner cylinder, which becomes dangerous and becomes unusable at the same time.
[0008]
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above points. When the inner cylinder itself is arranged so as to be able to be expanded by thermal expansion, and when it extends beyond a certain level within the plastic deformation limit, cooling air is automatically supplied. Inner cylinder in a multi-cylinder high-temperature and high-pressure combustion device that cools and reduces abnormal heating effects on the inner cylinder so that high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas can be generated while maintaining a safe and stable heat generation situation at all times An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for preventing distortion due to thermal expansion.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This invention can solve the above-mentioned problems by having the following configuration.
[0010]
(1) A multi-cylinder structure in which an intermediate cylinder and an inner cylinder are formed along an outer cylinder, a high-pressure air flow passage is formed between these cylinders, and high-pressure air flowing through the flow passage is supplied into the inner cylinder. A high temperature and high pressure combustion cylinder that discharges a high temperature and high pressure combustion gas or a supersonic shock wave by opening a discharge port at the tip of the inner cylinder, and a fuel supply means, an ignition means, An air supply means is provided to form an initial combustion chamber at the innermost part of the combustion cylinder and above the base of the inner cylinder. Combustion from the air supply means is performed on the upper side wall of the inner cylinder in front of the initial combustion chamber. A high temperature of a multi-cylinder structure in which an inclined hole communicating with the flow passage connected to the flow hole of the base portion of the cylindrical body is opened so that a spiral high temperature combustion part or a constricted shock wave conversion part following the initial combustion chamber can be formed. Used for high-pressure combustion devices, the tip of the inner cylinder is connected to the combustion cylinder Adhering to the end, the base end of the inner cylinder is slidably supported along the inner wall of the innermost mounting part of the combustion cylinder, and the plastic change limit of the metal composition constituting the inner cylinder is exceeded. The expansion hole can be expanded and extended within the allowable temperature range, and the through hole communicating with the high-pressure air flow hole when extending within the allowable range and the through hole provided in the inner cylinder can be made to coincide with each other when the inner cylinder is expanded and extended. In addition, it is characterized in that air for cooling is introduced into the inner cylinder to prevent the occurrence of abnormal high temperature and pressure in the inner cylinder and to prevent distortion deformation due to elongation due to thermal expansion of the inner cylinder. An apparatus for preventing distortion due to thermal expansion of an inner cylinder used in a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion apparatus having a multi-cylinder structure.
[0011]
(2) In the place where the base end portion of the inner cylinder extends due to thermal expansion, a cylindrical cover surrounding the base end portion of the inner cylinder is disposed, and the cylinder cover is provided on the mounting portion of the combustion cylinder. The through hole is formed in the base end of the inner cylinder, and the through hole communicating with the high-pressure air flow hole provided in the mounting portion coincides with the through hole of the inner cylinder extended by thermal expansion. When this occurs, high pressure air is discharged into the gap formed by the cylindrical cover through this through hole, and introduced into the inner cylinder to cool the inner cylinder so that the extended inner cylinder can be contracted. An apparatus for preventing strain deformation due to thermal expansion of an inner cylinder used in the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion apparatus having a multi-cylinder structure according to the above (1).
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
[0013]
This embodiment shows a case where the present invention is applied to the inner cylinder of a supersonic jet burner having a multi-cylinder structure shown in the embodiment disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-157437 filed earlier by the present applicant.
[0014]
First, FIG. 1 shows an outline of the configuration.
[0015]
Reference numeral 1 denotes a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion cylinder that is entirely cylindrical and has a combustion path 2 along a central axis l-l. The combustion cylinder 1 corresponds to a base portion of a flange structure, that is, a circular substrate 1a. It consists of a mounting portion, followed by an outer cylinder 3, an intermediate cylinder 4 and an inner cylinder 5, and has a multi-cylinder structure as a whole. Combustion supply means 6, ignition means 7, high-pressure air supply means 8 and the like are connected and fixed to the upper surface of the circular substrate 1a, and the initial combustion chamber 9 is placed inside the circular substrate 1a above the inner cylinder 5. Is formed. The air supply means 8 is inclined with respect to the central axis l-l and inclined downward from the side walls of a large number of flow holes 11 formed in the circular substrate 1a from a large number of supply pipes 10 provided on the upper surface of the circular substrate 1a. It is preferable to supply air from the inclined holes 12. Therefore, the initial combustion chamber 9 is formed in a low temperature combustion state swirled with the fuel.
[0016]
Further, the outer cylinder 3 constituting the outer shape of the combustion cylinder 1 has its base fixed to the circular substrate 1a and the other end connected to a tip 15 having a discharge port 13 formed therein, and the middle cylinder 4 also has a circular shape. The base portion is fixed to the substrate 1 a, the flow hole 11 formed in the circular substrate 1 a is faced between the middle cylinder 4 and the outer cylinder 3, and the air supply means 8 is supplied. A flow passage 16 communicating with the flow hole 11 following the pipe 10 is formed and the tip of the middle cylinder 4 is held in a non-fixed open state, and the supplied air is folded back to the inner cylinder 5 side and heated to the maximum. A notch portion 17 is formed between the tip portion 15 and the inner cylinder 5 so that the inner tube 5 can be cooled and supplied.
[0017]
By the way, the inner cylinder 5 is fixed to the front end portion 15 of the combustion cylinder 1 only at its front end, and the coil member is wound around the outer periphery, while the flow path 16 is swung between the inner cylinder 5 and extended. In the innermost position of the flow passage 16 close to the circular substrate 1a, a large number of inclined holes 18 inclined forward with respect to the central axis l-l are formed as nozzle-like discharge ports. It is worn as. Then, the heat-exchanged heated air discharged from the inclined hole 18 has a swirling spiral shape and acts as high-pressure auxiliary combustion air, and the combustion fluid transferred from the initial combustion chamber 9 is guided by suction to enter the combustion fluid. It mixes to form a swirling high-temperature combustion part 19, creates a high-temperature and high-pressure localized combustion gas, and has a discharge port 13 that is narrower than the shock wave conversion part 20 that is narrowed as a whole by the outer cylinder 3, the middle cylinder 4, and the inner cylinder 5. It is possible to obtain a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas or a so-called ultrasonic jet fluid shock wave through the above.
[0018]
Moreover, the base end portion 5a of the inner cylinder 5 is located in the middle cylinder 4 and is slidable along the inner cylinder 21 at the innermost position of the outer cylinder 3 and the circular substrate 1a to which the middle cylinder 4 is fixed. The cylindrical cover 22 that is disposed and surrounds the base end portion 5a is integrally fixed to the mounting portion on the upper portion of the inner peripheral wall 21 by the flange portion 23 provided on the cover 22, whereby the inner cylinder 5 The base end portion 5a can be expanded and contracted by a cylindrical cover 22 within a relatively small gap (gap slightly larger than the thickness of the inner cylinder 5) g with the inner peripheral wall 21.
[0019]
Further, a large number of inclined through holes 24 are formed in the lower portion of the base end portion 5a of the inner cylinder 5 so as to penetrate through the inner peripheral wall 21 of the circular substrate 1a so as to be conductive with the through holes 24. A large number of inclined through holes 25 are formed, and the through holes 25 are always in communication with the flow hole 11 so that the inner cylinder 5 can communicate with the through holes 24 when the inner cylinder 5 expands due to thermal expansion. It is formed.
[0020]
Based on the above configuration, when the combustion action is started, the combustion gas obtained in the initial combustion chamber 9 advances forward from the base portion of the inner cylinder 5 and is discharged from the inclined hole 18 of the inner cylinder 5. In response to the action of the heated air heat-exchanged at 16, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is produced at the spiral high-temperature combustion unit 19, and high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas or so-called ultrasonic jet fluid shock waves are obtained from the discharge port 13 through the shock wave conversion unit 20. it can.
[0021]
By the way, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure fluid directly acts on the inner cylinder 5 and gives a very strong thermal action to the inner cylinder 5, so that the inner cylinder 5 is sufficiently heated, and thus receives the action of thermal expansion and is thus subjected to the base end. It will extend toward the portion 5a.
[0022]
Due to this extension, the state of FIG. 2 (a) changes to the state of FIG. 2 (b), and when the state of FIG. 2 (c) is reached, part of the high-pressure air passes through the through hole 11 and matches the through hole 25. Through the hole 24, cooling air is supplied into the gap g in the cylindrical cover 22, cools the base of the inner cylinder 5 and is introduced into the inner cylinder 5, and the gas in the inner cylinder 5 in a high-temperature and high-pressure state is discharged. The inner cylinder 5 that has been rapidly cooled and expanded begins to contract, gradually shifts from the state of FIG. 2B to the state of FIG. 2A, and can be restored to a state close to the current state.
[0023]
Therefore, deformation and distortion due to expansion of the inner cylinder 5 that occurs when the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder 5 are fixed can be prevented, and it can be used as a safe and stable combustion gas burner.
[0024]
In particular, even in the case where a metal having a high heat and pressure resistance that constitutes the inner cylinder 5 is generated at a high temperature and high pressure that exceeds the original plastic limit of the metal, the inner cylinder is required to reach the plastic limit. 5 is a free end, and is not fixed or fixed. Therefore, the base end portion 5a expands and expands, and as soon as the through hole 24 coincides with the through hole 25, the high-pressure air is immediately cooled. Since this air is also introduced into the inner cylinder 5 from the inner peripheral portion of the inner cylinder 5 through the gap g formed by the cylindrical cover 22, the air is loosened. It exhibits a cooling action and can prevent dangerous high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
[0025]
When heat-resistant stainless steel that can withstand 1300 ° C. is adopted as the specific inner cylinder 5 and heated to 1000 ° C. with respect to a length of 100 mm measured by an expansion coefficient, a case with an extension of 1 mm is used. According to this elongation rate, it is only necessary to calculate the gap between the through hole 24 formed in the base end portion 5a of the inner cylinder 5 and the through hole 25 on the fixed side, and to form both the through holes 24 and 25. Since the matching process of the through holes 24 and 25 is performed by gradually changing the opening state, the supply amount of the cooling air gradually increases and is gradually supplied into the combustion path 2, which causes a sudden temperature drop. In addition, a sensor signal for temperature management and temperature control in the combustion path 2 not shown is operated, and a pressure adjustment mechanism of a fuel adjustment device and a high-pressure air supply device (not shown) is operated to control to a steady state. Can be more stable It can be used as a Ttobana.
[0026]
In this embodiment, a cylindrical cover is provided, but the present invention can be implemented without this cylindrical cover.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, not only a supersonic jet burner that generates a high-temperature and high-pressure gas fluid having a multi-cylinder structure but also a combustion apparatus that uses various high-temperature and high-pressure gas fluids can be widely used. The metal composition can be operated within the plastic change limit of the metal composition, and since distortion and deformation are prevented from occurring due to thermal expansion, the durability is improved and the long-term use can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a partially cutaway sectional view of an embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 2 (a), (b), (c) is a partially enlarged view showing a change in thermal expansion of a proximal end portion of an inner cylinder shown in FIG. (A) shows a state before thermal expansion, (b) shows a state in the process of thermal expansion, and (c) shows a state in which the two through holes coincide. In addition, the distance of both through-holes is shown long for description.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion cylinder 2 Combustion path 3 Outer cylinder 4 Middle cylinder 5 Inner cylinder 8 Air supply means 9 Initial combustion chamber 10 Supply pipe 11 Flow hole 12 Inclination hole 13 Discharge port 16 Flow path 18 Inclination hole 19 Swirl high temperature combustion part 20 Shock wave conversion Part 22 cylindrical cover 23 collar part 24,25 through hole

Claims (2)

A middle cylinder and an inner cylinder are formed along the outer cylinder, a flow path for high-pressure air is formed between these cylinders, and a multi-cylinder structure for supplying high-pressure air flowing through the flow path into the inner cylinder is provided. A combustion cylinder for high-temperature and high-pressure that discharges a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas or a supersonic shock wave by opening a discharge port at the tip of the inner cylinder, and a fuel supply means, an ignition means, and an air supply means at the base of the combustion cylinder And an initial combustion chamber is formed at the innermost part of the combustion cylinder and above the base of the inner cylinder, and the combustion chamber is connected to the upper side wall of the inner cylinder in front of the initial combustion chamber by the air supply means. A high temperature and high pressure combustion apparatus having a multi-cylinder structure capable of forming a spiral high temperature combustion part or a constricted shock wave conversion part following the initial combustion chamber by opening an inclined hole connected to the flow passage connected to the flow hole of the base part The tip of the inner cylinder is used as the tip of the combustion cylinder. The temperature is fixed, the base end of the inner cylinder is slidably supported along the inner wall of the innermost mounting part of the combustion cylinder, and the plastic composition limit of the metal composition constituting the inner cylinder is not exceeded. In the expansion and extension of the inner cylinder, the through hole communicating with the high-pressure air flow hole and the through hole provided in the inner cylinder can be made to coincide with each other when the inner cylinder is expanded and extended. A multi-cylinder characterized in that air for cooling is introduced into the inner cylinder to prevent the occurrence of abnormal high temperature and pressure in the inner cylinder and to prevent distortion deformation due to expansion due to thermal expansion of the inner cylinder. An apparatus for preventing deformation due to thermal expansion of an inner cylinder used in a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion apparatus having a structure. In the place where the base end portion of the inner cylinder extends due to thermal expansion, a cylindrical cover that surrounds the base end portion of the inner cylinder is disposed, and the mounting portion of the combustion cylinder is provided with a flange provided on the cylindrical cover. When the through hole is drilled in the base end portion of the inner cylinder and the through hole communicating with the high-pressure air circulation hole provided in the mounting portion coincides with the through hole of the inner cylinder extended by thermal expansion, High-pressure air is discharged into the gap formed by the cylindrical cover through this through hole, and is introduced into the inner cylinder so that the inner cylinder can be contracted by cooling the inner cylinder. The distortion prevention apparatus by the thermal expansion of the inner cylinder used for the high temperature / high pressure combustion apparatus of the multi-cylinder structure of Claim 1 characterized by these.

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