JP3873480B2 - Hydrogen production vehicle, hydrogen supply system, and hydrogen supply method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hydrogen production vehicle that generates hydrogen from fuel gas and a hydrogen supply system that uses the hydrogen production vehicle, and in particular, hydrogen gas for a fuel cell of an electric vehicle from LPG gas or the like stored in an existing gas stand. The present invention relates to a hydrogen production vehicle , a hydrogen supply system, and a hydrogen supply method .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Fuel cells are attracting attention as a power source for next-generation electric vehicles. Here, since the fuel cell directly generates electric power from hydrogen and oxygen, it is necessary to supply hydrogen to the vehicle (such an electric vehicle). However, since hydrogen is currently used only for specific industrial applications and currently has no supply path to the vehicle, it is necessary to construct a supply path from scratch. Therefore, how to efficiently construct a supply channel using existing infrastructure is a problem.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to solve this problem, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-1212796, an in-vehicle hydrogen storage tank previously filled with hydrogen is used in a hydrogen production factory, and the hydrogen storage tank is connected to a hydrogen supply stand by a truck. A method of carrying / distributing has been proposed. However, this method requires the construction of a large number of hydrogen production factories in the country, and is not realistic in a transition period until the fuel cell electric vehicle becomes widespread. In other words, as described above, the use of hydrogen is limited, so the number of manufacturing factories is limited, and in order to build a system that can supply hydrogen nationwide, a large number of hydrogen manufacturing factories are newly required. Become.
[0004]
On the other hand, a method of supplying liquid methanol that is easy to handle, rather than hydrogen gas, which is difficult to transport and store, to a fuel cell electric vehicle is also considered. However, in order to travel by taking out hydrogen gas from liquid methanol in a vehicle, it is necessary to change the amount of generated hydrogen according to the traveling resistance of the vehicle, for example, it is necessary to increase the amount of hydrogen during acceleration. It is technically difficult to make the amount of hydrogen gas produced variable.
[0005]
On the other hand, hydrogen is expected to be supplied to fuel cell electric vehicles in the future at gas stations that supply gasoline, but fuel cell electric vehicles and gasoline vehicles are mixed. During the transition period, that is, until the fuel cell electric vehicle becomes widespread, it is considered realistic to supply hydrogen at the LPG gas stand. That is, since the LPG gas station is accustomed to handling high-pressure gas, hydrogen can be safely supplied to the electric vehicle.
[0006]
Here, the present inventor has come up with the idea that the hydrogen gas transport described above can be completely eliminated by generating hydrogen from the LPG gas in the LPG and natural gas stand. However, in order to provide hydrogen generation facilities in each LPG and natural gas stand, it is expected that a huge new investment will be required and the operation time of such generation facilities can only be short. The
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen production vehicle and a hydrogen supply that can stably supply hydrogen to a hydrogen stand using an existing facility. A system and a hydrogen supply method are provided.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein the gas stand includes a fuel gas tank that supplies a fuel gas that can be reformed into hydrogen, and a hydrogen tank that is filled with hydrogen.
A movable hydrogen production vehicle having a hydrogen generation and supply device for generating hydrogen from the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas tank and filling the hydrogen tank;
It is provided with.
[0009]
The hydrogen supply system according to claim 2 is a fuel gas refining plant for supplying a reformable fuel gas to hydrogen,
A gas stand having a hydrogen tank filled with hydrogen;
A hydrogen generation and supply device for generating hydrogen from the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas refining plant and filling the hydrogen tank, and is movable between the fuel gas refining plant and the gas stand And a hydrogen production vehicle.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydrogen supply system according to the first or second aspect, wherein the hydrogen tank is detachably mounted on a fuel cell electric vehicle using hydrogen as a fuel.
[0011]
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydrogen supply method in which a hydrogen tank capable of filling hydrogen is provided in a gas stand that supplies a fuel gas that can be reformed into hydrogen, and a hydrogen production vehicle that generates hydrogen from the fuel gas is provided in the gas stand The fuel gas is supplied from the gas station to the hydrogen production vehicle to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen tank of the gas station is filled with the hydrogen.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydrogen supply method in which a hydrogen tank that can be filled with hydrogen is provided in a gas stand, and hydrogen is generated from fuel gas from a fuel gas purification plant that supplies fuel gas that can be reformed into hydrogen. A technical feature is that the fuel gas is supplied to a hydrogen production vehicle and transported, and hydrogen generated during transport is filled in a hydrogen tank of the gas stand.
[0013]
A hydrogen production vehicle according to claim 6 is provided with a hydrogen generating apparatus that is supplied with a reformable fuel gas and heats and generates hydrogen from the fuel gas;
A condenser that cools the generated hydrogen by running wind;
It has a hydrogen supply device that supplies the cooled hydrogen to the outside, and is characterized by being movable.
[0014]
In the hydrogen production vehicle according to the sixth aspect , since the movable hydrogen production vehicle generates hydrogen from the fuel gas, it can generate hydrogen during movement. Further, since the generated hydrogen is cooled by the traveling wind during transportation, it can be efficiently cooled.
[0015]
The hydrogen supply system and the hydrogen supply method according to claims 1 to 4 include a generation device because hydrogen can be generated from fuel gas at each gas stand by a hydrogen generation device mounted on a movable hydrogen production vehicle. Without being transported, it is possible to supply hydrogen at each gas station.
In the hydrogen supply system according to the third aspect, since the hydrogen tank is detachably mounted on the fuel cell type electric vehicle, it is easy to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell type electric vehicle.
[0016]
In the hydrogen production method according to claim 5, hydrogen can be produced from fuel gas at each gas stand by a hydrogen production device mounted on a movable hydrogen production vehicle. In addition, it is possible to supply hydrogen at each gas station.
Further, even when the hydrogen production vehicle is moving, hydrogen can be generated from the fuel gas in the storage tank by the hydrogen generator and stored in the hydrogen tank. For this reason, since the production of hydrogen at one gas station is completed and the production of hydrogen can be continued even when moving to the next gas station, the hydrogen generator is temporarily stopped during the movement. In comparison, hydrogen can be generated efficiently.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a hydrogen production vehicle and a hydrogen supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a hydrogen supply system using a hydrogen production vehicle according to the first embodiment. Here, the gas station S that supplies the existing LPG gas to the LPG gas vehicle includes a hydrogen tank 82 in addition to the LPG gas tank 80, and supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell vehicle A. Here, the hydrogen tank 82 is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy. This has the advantage that the capacity is small compared to the method of storing liquid hydrogen, but it is inexpensive and easy to handle, and is easy to introduce in each gas stand S.
[0020]
In the present embodiment, a hydrogen production vehicle M equipped with a hydrogen generator that generates hydrogen from LPG gas circulates through each gas station S, generates hydrogen from LPG gas at each gas station S, and is provided in the gas station S. The hydrogen tank 82 stores hydrogen.
[0021]
As described above, in the future, hydrogen will be supplied to fuel cell electric vehicles at gas stations that supply gasoline, and hydrogen is transported and stored in the form of liquid hydrogen. Although it is predicted that the fuel cell electric vehicle and the gasoline vehicle are mixed, that is, during the transition period until the fuel cell electric vehicle becomes widespread, the LPG gas is used as in the first embodiment. It is ideal to supply hydrogen at the gas station S. Here, by generating hydrogen from LPG gas at the gas station S, infrastructure development for transporting hydrogen to the gas station S, that is, construction of a hydrogen production factory, maintenance of a vehicle for transporting hydrogen, etc. It becomes unnecessary. In this introduction period, it is expected that the amount of hydrogen demand is not large, and it is uneconomical that the operation rate is inevitably lowered when each gas station S is equipped with a hydrogen generator. In this embodiment, since hydrogen is generated at each gas station S in the hydrogen production vehicle M equipped with the hydrogen generator, the operation rate of the hydrogen generator is high and economical. And since it becomes possible to supply hydrogen to an electric vehicle only by providing a tank for storing hydrogen in an existing LPG gas stand, it becomes possible to spread the electric vehicle with a minimum social burden.
[0022]
Next, the configuration of the hydrogen production vehicle M that generates hydrogen from the LPG gas at the gas station S will be described with reference to FIG. The hydrogen production vehicle M includes a fuel gas inlet 62 connected to the pipe 86 of the gas stand S, an LPG tank 12 for storing the supplied LPG gas, and a water tank for storing water supplied together with the LPG gas. 14, the supplied LPG gas and the water supplied from the water tank 14 are reformed at a high temperature to generate a hydrogen rich gas, and the supplied LPG gas is supplied from the air fan 22. A first combustor 18 that heats the reformer 16, a first condenser 20 that cools the hydrogen gas generated in the reformer 16 to about 200 ° C., and a first condenser 20. In the H2 refiner 24 for separating carbon dioxide and hydrogen from the cooled hydrogen rich gas, the carbon dioxide collector 26 for collecting the carbon dioxide separated in the H2 refiner 24, and the H2 refiner 24 The second condenser 28 for cooling the separated hydrogen, the hydrogen storage body 30 for storing the hydrogen cooled by the second condenser 28, and the hydrogen pipe 88 connected to the hydrogen tank 82 of the gas stand S A hydrogen outlet port 64 for supplying The hydrogen production vehicle M is further provided with a cooling water tank 32 so that the cooling water from the cooling tank 32 returns to the cooling water tank again from the hydrogen tank 30b through the second condenser 28 described above. The vehicle is also provided with a fan 34 for cooling the second condenser 28.
[0023]
Here, the operation when the hydrogen production vehicle M generates hydrogen will be described first. Water and LPG gas are supplied to the hydrogen production vehicle M at the gas station S. The supplied water is stored in the water tank 14. On the other hand, when LPG gas (mainly composed of propane C3 H8 and may further contain propylene, butane, butylene) is supplied, the first valve V1 is opened on the hydrogen production vehicle side to enter the LPG tank 12. Filled in a liquefied state. At the same time, the second valve V 2 is opened and sent to the reformer 16 and the combustor 22.
[0024]
Here, the combustor 18 is mainly composed of a burner, and the supplied LPG gas is combusted by the air sent from the air fan 22, and the reformer 16 is heated to a predetermined temperature (450 ° C. to 500 ° C.). C).
[0025]
The reformer 16 includes a fuel gas supply pipe and a water supply pipe (not shown), a vaporizer, and a known catalyst for reforming the vaporized mixed gas. The reformer 16 receives supply of vaporized LPG gas (propane) and water from the water tank 14 and mixes both at the connection point between the fuel gas supply pipe and the water supply pipe. Then, the gas is vaporized in the vaporizer and heated by the heat from the combustor 18, and the gas mixture of the fuel gas and the water vapor is reformed with the catalyst according to the following reaction formula (actually, the water is more than the necessary amount). A large amount of CO is also injected, and CO generated in the middle is completely burned into CO2).
C3 H8 + 6H20 → 3CO2 + 5H2
[0026]
The first condenser 20 is constituted by a general heat exchanger, and cools the reformed hydrogen-rich gas (temperature: 250 ° C. to 300 ° C.), and at the same time, moisture in the gas condensed during the cooling. Is recovered and returned to the water tank 14 side through the pipe 50. As a result, the water in the water tank is effectively used and heat recovery is achieved.
[0027]
The H2 purifier 24 is provided with a hydrogen separation membrane, and the cooled hydrogen-rich gas permeates the hydrogen separation membrane by utilizing the property that the palladium or palladium alloy constituting the hydrogen separation membrane selectively permeates hydrogen. Separation into CO2 and permeate H2.
[0028]
The hydrogen separation membrane is obtained by forming a coating film made of palladium or a palladium alloy on a base material film made of porous ceramic or porous glass. This base membrane has a role of loading the hydrogen separation membrane with mechanical strength. As the metal film, palladium or an alloy film containing palladium is optimal. Furthermore, examples of the alloy containing palladium include one or more metals selected from an alloy made of palladium and silver, or a group made of Y and a rare earth element. This metal film can be formed by a known thin film technique such as a method combining electroless plating and electrolytic plating, a CVD method, a vapor deposition method, or the like. The technology of this hydrogen separation membrane is described in, for example, JP-A-9-255306.
[0029]
The CO2 separated by the H2 purifier 24 is sent to the CO2 collector 26. The CO2 recovery unit 26 includes a surge tank and a discharge valve V3. The CO2 sent from the H2 purifier 24 is temporarily stored in the surge tank, and the exhaust valve V3 is opened to be appropriately released into the atmosphere. Here, instead of releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, for example, a CO2 tank may be provided in the gas station S or the center in which the hydrogen production vehicle is accommodated, so that it can be recovered into the tank.
[0030]
The H2 separated by the H2 purifier 24 is sent to the second condenser 28 (at this time, the temperature of H2 is about 200 DEG C.), and the second condenser 28 having the heat exchange 28a has a predetermined temperature (room temperature to 50). Cooled to ° C). In the second capacitor 28, hydrogen at 200 ° C. is cooled to 50 ° C., so that the cooling amount is large. For this reason, the cooling water from the cooling water tank 32 is supplied to the heat exchange 28a of the second condenser 28 through the hydrogen tank 30b, and is cooled by the air outside the vehicle pumped by the fan 34. It is comprised so that. In addition, when the hydrogen production vehicle M, which will be described later, travels, traveling wind is introduced.
[0031]
A hydrogen storage body 30 for storing H2 cooled by the second condenser 28 includes a hydrogen storage tank 30b for storing a hydrogen storage alloy, a heat exchanger 30a for cooling / heating the hydrogen storage tank, and a heater (not shown). Become.
[0032]
When storing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage body 30, the cooling water from the cooling water tank 32 is supplied to the heat exchanger 30a to cool the exothermic reaction heat at the time of hydrogen storage by the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage tank 30b. H2 sent from the capacitor 28 is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy. The water that has cooled the hydrogen storage body 30 is further sent to the second condenser 28 side, and after cooling the second condenser 28, the water is returned to the cooling water tank 32 through the pipe 54, and the cooling is again performed. Cooled in the tank. This cooling is mainly performed by indirect heat exchange of the water tank 14.
[0033]
On the other hand, when supplying hydrogen from the hydrogen storage body 30, hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy by heating the hydrogen storage alloy with a heater of the hydrogen storage body 30. In addition, when heating the hydrogen storage alloy, the cooling water circulation direction described above is reversed, and the water heated by the second condenser 28 is supplied to the heat exchanger 30a of the hydrogen storage body 30. Is possible.
[0034]
Subsequently, the operation of the hydrogen production vehicle M will be described.
Here, first, the operation when the hydrogen production vehicle M arrives at the gas station S will be described with reference to FIG. As will be described later, the hydrogen production vehicle M generates hydrogen and stores the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage body 30 while moving from one gas station to the next gas station. For this reason, the valve V4 is opened, the hydrogen storage body 30 is first heated as described above, and the stored hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen tank 82 side of the gas station S through the hydrogen outlet 64 and the pipe 88.
[0035]
Next, supply of water and LPG gas from the gas station S to the hydrogen production vehicle M is started. The supplied water is temporarily stored in the water tank 14 and then supplied to the reformer 16 side. On the other hand, when the LPG gas is supplied, the first valve V1 is opened on the hydrogen production vehicle side, and the LPG tank 12 is filled in a liquefied state. At the same time, the second valve V 2 is opened and sent to the reformer 16 and the combustor 22. Here, as described above, the reformer 16 reforms the LPG gas and water, the H2 is separated by the H2 purifier 24, cooled by the second condenser 28, and then the hydrogen on the gas stand S side. It is supplied to the tank 82. When the hydrogen tank 82 of the gas station S is filled with a specified amount of hydrogen, the hydrogen production vehicle M moves to the next gas station S.
[0036]
Next, the operation during movement of the hydrogen production vehicle M will be described with reference to FIG.
During movement, the water stored in the water tank 14 is supplied to the reformer 16 side. On the other hand, LPG gas from the LPG tank 12 is sent to the reformer 16 and the combustor 22 via the first valve V1 and the second valve V2. Here, as described above, the reformer 16 reforms the LPG gas and water, the H2 purifier 24 separates the H2 and the second condenser 28 cools it to the hydrogen storage body 30 side. Supplied. As described above, the hydrogen storage body 30 is cooled by the heat exchanger 30a, and hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy. In addition, as an engine at the time of movement of the hydrogen production vehicle M, in addition to a gasoline engine and a diesel engine, an electric motor using hydrogen held in the hydrogen storage body 30 as a power source, or an LPG gas held in the LPG tank 12 It is possible to employ an engine driven by
[0037]
In the first embodiment, hydrogen can be generated from the LPG gas in the LPG tank 12 and stored in the hydrogen storage body 30 even while the hydrogen production vehicle is moving. For this reason, since the production of hydrogen at one gas station is completed and the production of hydrogen can be continued even when moving to the next gas station, the hydrogen production device (reformer 16, H2 purification). Compared with the case where the machine is temporarily stopped during movement, hydrogen can be generated more efficiently. Moreover, since the hydrogen storage metal is used for the hydrogen storage body 30, hydrogen can be safely stored even during movement.
[0038]
Next, a modified example of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the example described above with reference to FIG. 1, the hydrogen tank 82 of the gas station S is provided, and hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen tank 82 to the hydrogen tank (not shown) of the electric vehicle A. That is, the electric vehicle has a built-in hydrogen tank. On the other hand, in the modified example, the electric vehicle A incorporating the hydrogen tank and the electric vehicle AS capable of mounting the detachable hydrogen tank 84 coexist. As a gas stand, a gas stand SR that can supply hydrogen to both the electric vehicle A and the electric vehicle AS, and a gas stand that can supply hydrogen only to the electric vehicle AS on which a detachable hydrogen tank 84 can be mounted. There are two types, SS.
[0039]
Here, in the gas station SR, the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen production vehicle M is temporarily stored in the hydrogen tank 82, and hydrogen is directly supplied to the electric vehicle A. On the other hand, the detachable hydrogen tank 84 is filled with hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 82 in advance. Then, hydrogen is replenished by taking down the hydrogen tank that has finished using hydrogen and placing the hydrogen tank 84 filled with hydrogen on the electric vehicle AS.
[0040]
On the other hand, in the gas station SS, hydrogen is filled directly into the removable hydrogen tank 84 by the hydrogen production vehicle M. Then, hydrogen is replenished by changing the hydrogen tank 84 to the electric vehicle AS. In this modified example, the gas station SS has an advantage that the hydrogen supply to the electric vehicle can be started without any new equipment.
[0041]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1st Embodiment mentioned above with reference to FIGS. 1-4 demonstrated the comparatively small-scale hydrogen supply system optimal in the introduction period of a fuel cell type electric vehicle. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, a preferred embodiment at the time when fuel cell electric vehicles become widespread and hydrogen can be replenished not only at a gas station for LPG gas but also at an existing gas station. It is.
[0042]
The LPG gas refined at the refinery 110 for oil and natural gas is conveyed by a transport vehicle MR. The transport vehicle MR includes an LPG tank 112 that holds LPG gas, a hydrogen generator 120 that incorporates a hydrogen generator mounted in the hydrogen production vehicle described above with reference to FIG. A hydrogen tank 130 for storing hydrogen generated from the LPG gas is provided, and hydrogen is generated and stored in the hydrogen tank 130 during movement. The transport vehicle MR directly supplies hydrogen to a gas station (gas station) SK. Since the transport vehicle MR moves while purifying hydrogen, it is possible to supply hydrogen to a large number of gas stations SK in a hydrogen tank 130 using a small capacity, for example, a hydrogen storage alloy.
[0043]
Similarly to the transport vehicle MR, the transport train T includes an LPG tank 112 that holds LPG gas, a hydrogen generator 120, and a hydrogen tank 130 that stores hydrogen generated from the LPG gas in the hydrogen generator 120. In addition, hydrogen is generated and stored in the hydrogen tank 130 during the movement. The transport train T once supplies hydrogen to a hydrogen storage station ST provided around the station. Then, hydrogen is supplied from the station ST to a gas station (gas station) SK via a dedicated pipeline or a transport vehicle dedicated to hydrogen.
[0044]
In the first and second embodiments described above, an example in which LPG gas is used as the fuel gas for generating hydrogen has been described, but it is needless to say that various fuels such as natural gas can be used as the fuel gas.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hydrogen production vehicle, a hydrogen supply system, and a hydrogen supply method capable of stably supplying hydrogen to a hydrogen stand using an existing facility .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a hydrogen supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a hydrogen production vehicle used in the hydrogen supply system of the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a hydrogen production vehicle used in the hydrogen supply system of the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a hydrogen supply system according to a modification of the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a hydrogen supply system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 LPG tank (storage tank)
14 Water tank 16 Reformer (hydrogen generator)
24 H2 refiner (hydrogen generator)
30 Hydrogen storage body 30b Hydrogen tank 62 Fuel gas introduction port (fuel gas introduction device)
64 Hydrogen outlet (hydrogen supply device)
80 LPG tank 82 Hydrogen tank 84 Hydrogen tank 112 LPG tank (storage tank)
120 Hydrogen generator 130 Hydrogen tank A Electric vehicle S Gas stand M Hydrogen production vehicle MR Transport vehicle (hydrogen production vehicle)
T transport train (hydrogen production vehicle)

Claims (6)

A gas stand having a fuel gas tank for supplying hydrogen-reforming fuel gas and a hydrogen tank filled with hydrogen;
  A movable hydrogen production vehicle having a hydrogen generation and supply device that generates hydrogen from the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas tank and fills the hydrogen tank;
A hydrogen supply system comprising: A fuel gas refinery that supplies hydrogen-reforming fuel gas,
A gas stand having a hydrogen tank filled with hydrogen;
A hydrogen generation and supply device for generating hydrogen from the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas refining plant and filling the hydrogen tank, and is movable between the fuel gas refining plant and the gas stand A hydrogen production vehicle;
A hydrogen supply system comprising: The hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen tank is detachably mounted on a fuel cell electric vehicle using hydrogen as a fuel. A hydrogen tank that can be filled with hydrogen is installed in the gas stand that supplies fuel gas that can be reformed into hydrogen.
  Moving a hydrogen production vehicle that produces hydrogen from fuel gas to the gas station;
  Supplying the fuel gas from the gas stand to the hydrogen production vehicle to generate hydrogen;
  A hydrogen supply method, wherein the hydrogen tank is filled in the hydrogen tank. A hydrogen tank that can be filled with hydrogen is installed in the gas stand.
  From a fuel gas refinery plant that supplies fuel gas that can be reformed to hydrogen, supply the fuel gas to a hydrogen production vehicle that generates hydrogen from the fuel gas, and transport the fuel gas,
  A hydrogen supply method, wherein hydrogen generated during transportation is filled in a hydrogen tank of the gas stand. A hydrogen generating device that is supplied with a fuel gas that can be reformed into hydrogen and that heats and generates hydrogen from the fuel gas;
A condenser that cools the generated hydrogen by running wind;
A hydrogen production vehicle comprising: a hydrogen supply device that supplies the cooled hydrogen to the outside and is movable.

Images