JP3873473B2 - Fire detection device - Google Patents

Fire detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3873473B2
JP3873473B2 JP23813598A JP23813598A JP3873473B2 JP 3873473 B2 JP3873473 B2 JP 3873473B2 JP 23813598 A JP23813598 A JP 23813598A JP 23813598 A JP23813598 A JP 23813598A JP 3873473 B2 JP3873473 B2 JP 3873473B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
smoke
fire
detection device
fire detection
flame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP23813598A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000067339A (en
Inventor
純一 渡邉
亜紀子 本田
茂樹 下村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Works Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority to JP23813598A priority Critical patent/JP3873473B2/en
Publication of JP2000067339A publication Critical patent/JP2000067339A/en
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Publication of JP3873473B2 publication Critical patent/JP3873473B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、火災により生じた煙と煙草等により生じた一過性の煙とを弁別する機能を備えた火災検知装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、火災検知装置は、住宅やオフィス等に導入され、火災の早期検知が可能になるようになっている。この火災検知装置として煙感知器を用いたものを図4に基づいて説明する。この火災検知装置は、発光ダイオード等の投光素子を有する投光部と、受光軸を投光素子の光軸とずらして設けられたフォトダイオード等の受光素子を有する受光部とを、暗箱内に設置した感煙部と、感煙部からの出力に基づいて火災か否かを判定する判断部とから構成されている。
【0003】
次に、この火災検知装置の動作について説明する。まず、暗箱内に煙が流入すると、投光素子から投光された光が流入した煙によって乱反射することになる。すると、乱反射した光が受光素子に受光され、これに伴って受光素子が微妙な電流を出力することとなり、これにより煙を感知するのである。なお、流入する煙濃度が高いほど、投光軸からの光が多く散乱することになるため、受光素子の出力が大きくなる。そこで、従来の火災検知装置では、受光素子の出力が予め定めた発報レベルLを超えたところで発報するようになっている。
【0004】
ところが、上述した火災検知装置では、煙草の煙や水蒸気等によっても発報レベルLを超えると、誤って火災として判断し発報してしまう場合がある。そこで、このような一過性の煙等により発生する誤報を防止するために、従来の火災検知装置では、図5に示すように、煙濃度が発報レベルLを超えてから経過時間Tにわたって所定の蓄積時間A以上のときに発報するようになっている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、上述のような構成の火災検知装置では、煙草等の一過性の煙により発報してしまうことを防止するために蓄積時間Aを長くすると、炎が生じるような進行の早い火災が生じた場合に、迅速に発報させることができないという問題点を有していた。
【0006】
本発明は、上記の問題点に鑑みて成されたものであり、その目的とするところは、一過性の煙の発生による誤報を低減するとともに、炎が発生するような進行の早い火災を早期に検知することが可能になる火災検知装置を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
煙濃度が予め定めた蓄積時間にわたって発報レベルを超えた場合に発報する煙検知手段を備えた火災検知装置であって、煙検知手段とは別に、炎から放射される電磁波を検知する炎検知手段を付加し、炎を検知した場合には蓄積時間を短くするようにしたことを特徴とする火災検知装置。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施の形態について図1乃至図4に基づき詳細に説明する。図1は本発明に係る火災検知装置の概略構成図である。図2は本発明に係る火災検知装置の火災検知の手続を示すフローチャートである。図3は本発明に係る火災検知装置において、一過性の煙を火災と判断しない過程を説明する説明図である。図4は本発明に係る火災検知装置において、炎が生じる進行の早い火災を検知する過程を説明する説明図である。
【0009】
図1に示すように、本実施の形態の火災検知装置1は、煙検知手段10と、炎検知手段20と、判断部30とから構成される。
【0010】
煙検知手段10は、暗箱内に投光素子11と受光素子12とを備えている。そして、煙感知手段10では、暗箱内において、投光素子11より照射される光の煙粒子による散乱光を受光素子12で検出し、この検出した散乱光の光強度を煙濃度として出力している。受光素子12からの出力は、判断部30に入力され、発報するか否かが判定される。
【0011】
炎検知手段20は、炎から照射される赤外線や紫外線等の変化を検知することで、炎が生じているか否かを検知するものである。
【0012】
判断部30は、CPU等で構成され、受光素子12の出力が予め定めた発報レベルLを超えてからの時間を計測するタイマー31を備えている。判断部30は、煙検知手段の受光素子12からの出力が予め定めた蓄積時間Aにわたって所定レベルを超えている場合、火災が生じていると判断する。また、炎検知手段20の出力レベルが一定の量以上になったときに、炎が生じる進行の早い火災が生じたと判断する。
【0013】
次に、本実施の形態の火災検知装置1の動作について図2に基づき説明する。本実施の形態の火災検知装置1では、蓄積時間Aを充分に長く設定し、例えば、2〜5分に設定している。これは、煙草の煙等により生じる煙濃度が発報レベルLを超えたとしても、煙の総発生量は多くないため、暫くすると煙濃度が発報レベルLを超えなくなる場合が多いからである。とはいえ、非火災の場合に煙濃度が発報レベルLを超える原因は様々であるこに鑑みて、誤報が生じないように充分な蓄積時間Aを設定している。
【0014】
そして、蓄積時間Aにわたって煙濃度が発報レベルLを超えている場合、火災により煙が生じていると判断して判断部30は発報するようになっている。これにより、燻焼火災のように、炎が発生しない進行のゆっくしとした火災を検知することが可能になるとともに、煙草の煙のような一過性の煙により誤報が生じることはない。
【0015】
また、本実施の形態の火災検知装置1では、炎検知手段20により炎が生じたことを検知した場合、蓄積時間Aを0にして即座に発報するようにしている。なお、ライター等による一過性の炎により、火災検知装置1が発報することを防止するために、炎が生じた場合、蓄積時間Aを0にするのではなく、予め設定された値より短くするようにしてもよい。また、炎が生じた場合、発報レベルLを低くするようにしてもよい。
【0016】
図3は一過性の煙が生じた場合の時間と煙濃度との関係を示すグラフである。上述した火災検知装置1では、蓄積時間Aが短いと、誤って発報していた一過性の煙が、蓄積時間Aを充分に長く設定することにより、発報しないようになっている。このため、煙草等を火災と判断して誤って発報することを防止することができる。
【0017】
図4は炎を生じる進行の早い火災が生じた場合の時間と煙濃度との関係を示すグラフである。上述した火災検知装置1では、炎を検知した場合には、蓄積時間Aを0とするため、煙濃度が発報レベルLを超えたところで直ちに発報する。このため、炎の生じる進行の早い火災を早期に発見することが可能になる。
【0018】
なお、本実施の形態の火災検知装置1では、炎が生じた場合に蓄積時間Aを0としていたが、他の火災検知センサを用い、例えば、環境温度を測定する温度測定手段を備え、所定温度以上になれば蓄積時間Aを0とするようにしてもよい。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、請求項1記載の発明にあっては、煙濃度が予め定めた蓄積時間にわたって発報レベルを超えた場合に発報する煙検知手段を備えた火災検知装置であって、炎から放射される電磁波を検知する炎検知手段を付加し、炎を検知した場合には蓄積時間を短くするようにしたので、一過性の煙と実際の火災とを精度よく弁別することが可能になるとともに、炎を生じるような進行の早い火災が生じたときは即座に発報させることが可能になるため、一過性の煙の発生による誤報を低減するとともに、炎が発生するような進行の早い火災を早期に検知することが可能になる火災検知装置を提供することができるという効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る火災検知装置の概略構成図である。
【図2】本発明に係る火災検知装置の火災検知の手続を示すフローチャートである。
【図3】本発明に係る火災検知装置において、一過性の煙を火災と判断しない過程を説明する説明図である。
【図4】本発明に係る火災検知装置において、炎が生じる進行の早い火災を検知する過程を説明する説明図である。
【図5】従来の火災検知装置の火災検知の手続を示すフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
1 火災検知装置
10 煙検知手段
20 炎検知手段
30 判断部
31 タイマー
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fire detection device having a function of discriminating between smoke generated by a fire and transient smoke generated by a cigarette or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a fire detection device has been introduced into a house, office, or the like so that an early detection of a fire is possible. A fire detector using a smoke detector will be described with reference to FIG. This fire detection device includes a light projecting unit having a light projecting element such as a light emitting diode, and a light receiving unit having a light receiving element such as a photodiode provided with a light receiving axis shifted from the optical axis of the light projecting element. And a determination unit that determines whether or not a fire occurs based on the output from the smoke detection unit.
[0003]
Next, the operation of this fire detection device will be described. First, when smoke flows into the dark box, the light projected from the light projecting element is diffusely reflected by the smoke that flows. Then, the irregularly reflected light is received by the light receiving element, and accordingly, the light receiving element outputs a subtle current, thereby detecting smoke. Note that the higher the concentration of smoke that flows in, the more light is scattered from the light projection axis, so the output of the light receiving element increases. Therefore, in the conventional fire detection device, the alarm is issued when the output of the light receiving element exceeds a predetermined alarm level L.
[0004]
However, in the above-described fire detection device, if the alarm level L is exceeded even by cigarette smoke, water vapor, or the like, there is a case where it is erroneously determined and fired. Therefore, in order to prevent such misreporting caused by temporary smoke or the like, in the conventional fire detection device, as shown in FIG. The alarm is issued when the predetermined accumulation time A is exceeded.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the fire detection device configured as described above, if the accumulation time A is lengthened in order to prevent it from being triggered by transient smoke such as cigarettes, a fire that progresses quickly such that a flame occurs. When this occurs, there is a problem in that it cannot be issued promptly.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to reduce a false alarm due to the generation of transient smoke and to prevent a fire that has a rapid progress such that a flame is generated. An object of the present invention is to provide a fire detection device capable of early detection.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A fire detection device having smoke detection means for generating an alarm when the smoke concentration exceeds an alarm level for a predetermined accumulation time, and for detecting an electromagnetic wave radiated from the flame separately from the smoke detection means A fire detection device characterized by adding a detection means and shortening the accumulation time when a flame is detected.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fire detection device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the procedure of fire detection of the fire detection device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a process in which transient smoke is not determined to be a fire in the fire detection device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a process of detecting a fast-moving fire in which a flame occurs in the fire detection device according to the present invention.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 1, the fire detection device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a smoke detection unit 10, a flame detection unit 20, and a determination unit 30.
[0010]
The smoke detection means 10 includes a light projecting element 11 and a light receiving element 12 in a dark box. The smoke sensing means 10 detects the scattered light from the smoke particles of the light emitted from the light projecting element 11 in the dark box by the light receiving element 12, and outputs the light intensity of the detected scattered light as the smoke density. Yes. The output from the light receiving element 12 is input to the determination unit 30, and it is determined whether or not to issue a report.
[0011]
The flame detection means 20 detects whether or not a flame is generated by detecting a change in infrared rays or ultraviolet rays irradiated from the flame.
[0012]
The determination unit 30 includes a CPU and the like, and includes a timer 31 that measures the time after the output of the light receiving element 12 exceeds a predetermined notification level L. The determination unit 30 determines that a fire has occurred when the output from the light receiving element 12 of the smoke detection means exceeds a predetermined level over a predetermined accumulation time A. Further, when the output level of the flame detection means 20 becomes a certain level or more, it is determined that a fire with a rapid progress in which a flame is generated has occurred.
[0013]
Next, operation | movement of the fire detection apparatus 1 of this Embodiment is demonstrated based on FIG. In the fire detection device 1 of the present embodiment, the accumulation time A is set sufficiently long, for example, 2 to 5 minutes. This is because even if the smoke concentration caused by cigarette smoke or the like exceeds the reporting level L, the total amount of smoke generated is not large, and the smoke concentration often does not exceed the reporting level L after a while. . Nevertheless, in view of the various causes of smoke concentration exceeding the alarm level L in the case of a non-fire, a sufficient accumulation time A is set so as not to cause false alarms.
[0014]
When the smoke concentration exceeds the alarm level L over the accumulation time A, it is determined that smoke is generated by the fire, and the determination unit 30 issues an alarm. This makes it possible to detect a slow and slow fire that does not generate flames, such as firewood fires, and prevents false alarms due to transient smoke such as cigarette smoke.
[0015]
Further, in the fire detection device 1 of the present embodiment, when the flame detection means 20 detects that a flame has occurred, the accumulation time A is set to 0 and an immediate alarm is issued. In addition, in order to prevent the fire detection device 1 from being triggered by a temporary flame caused by a lighter or the like, if a flame occurs, the accumulation time A is not set to 0, but from a preset value. It may be shortened. Further, when a flame occurs, the alarm level L may be lowered.
[0016]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between time and smoke density when transient smoke is generated. In the fire detection apparatus 1 described above, if the accumulation time A is short, the transient smoke that has been erroneously reported is not reported by setting the accumulation time A sufficiently long. For this reason, it is possible to prevent a cigarette or the like from being erroneously reported as a fire.
[0017]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the time and smoke density when a fire with rapid progress that causes a flame occurs. In the above-described fire detection device 1, when a flame is detected, the accumulation time A is set to 0, so that the alarm is immediately issued when the smoke concentration exceeds the alarm level L. For this reason, it is possible to detect a fire with a rapid progress in which a flame is generated at an early stage.
[0018]
In the fire detection device 1 according to the present embodiment, the accumulation time A is set to 0 when a flame occurs. However, the fire detection device 1 includes other fire detection sensors and includes, for example, a temperature measurement unit that measures the ambient temperature, If the temperature exceeds the temperature, the accumulation time A may be set to zero.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention according to claim 1 is a fire detection device including smoke detection means for reporting when the smoke concentration exceeds the reporting level over a predetermined accumulation time, Flame detection means for detecting electromagnetic waves radiated from the flame is added, and the accumulation time is shortened when a flame is detected, so it is possible to accurately discriminate between transient smoke and actual fire In addition, it is possible to immediately report when there is a fire with a rapid progress that causes a flame, so that false alarms due to temporary smoke generation are reduced and a flame is generated. There is an effect that it is possible to provide a fire detection device that can detect a fire that progresses quickly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fire detection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a fire detection procedure of the fire detection apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a process in which transient smoke is not determined to be a fire in the fire detection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a process of detecting a fire with a fast progress in which a flame occurs in the fire detection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a fire detection procedure of a conventional fire detection device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fire detection apparatus 10 Smoke detection means 20 Flame detection means 30 Judgment part 31 Timer

Claims (1)

煙濃度が予め定めた蓄積時間にわたって発報レベルを超えた場合に発報する煙検知手段を備えた火災検知装置であって、煙検知手段とは別に、炎から放射される電磁波を検知する炎検知手段を付加し、炎を検知した場合には蓄積時間を短くするようにしたことを特徴とする火災検知装置。A fire detection device having smoke detection means for generating an alarm when the smoke concentration exceeds an alarm level for a predetermined accumulation time, and for detecting an electromagnetic wave radiated from the flame separately from the smoke detection means A fire detection device characterized by adding a detection means and shortening the accumulation time when a flame is detected.
JP23813598A 1998-08-25 1998-08-25 Fire detection device Expired - Fee Related JP3873473B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23813598A JP3873473B2 (en) 1998-08-25 1998-08-25 Fire detection device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000067339A JP2000067339A (en) 2000-03-03
JP3873473B2 true JP3873473B2 (en) 2007-01-24

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Country Status (1)

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