JP3872731B2 - Operation management system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a traffic control system, and more particularly, to traffic control systems are equipped with a traffic control meter for recording data such as a vehicle speed required for the operation control of the vehicle over time in the vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, awareness of global environmental issues has increased, and it has become a challenge to improve the economics of driving that appear in the fuel consumption of vehicles such as automobiles. For this reason, it is desirable for a crew member (driver) of a vehicle to acquire an appropriate driving technique for carrying out economic driving. In other words, the crew members are warned to try to drive economically, and conscientious crew members in response to this stop the idling stop and avoid sudden acceleration (or sudden start) and sudden deceleration. In connection with this, some operators of business using vehicles (such as transportation) instruct crew members to learn driving skills that reduce fuel consumption.
[0003]
By the way, as a means of grasping the operation state of a vehicle (commercial vehicle) used recently, for example, in the transportation industry, an operation management meter is mounted on the vehicle, and the operation data such as a traveling speed, a traveling distance, and a time is installed in the operation management meter. And, for example, an operation management system that records operation management data representing work contents generated in one day such as “loading”, “unloading”, “waiting”, “break”, etc. in a time series. It has come to practical use.
[0004]
According to the operation management system, the running state of the vehicle can be roughly grasped from the running data such as the running speed, the running distance, and the time, and the running state (driving state) can be evaluated based on this. However, in order to perform driving evaluation for energy saving, the driving data exemplified above is not sufficient, and a driving force (hereinafter referred to as an output driving force F _veh ) required by a vehicle such as an automobile is measured in real time. And it is preferable to perform the driving | operation evaluation for energy saving (henceforth driving | operation evaluation only) based on this measurement result.
[0005]
By the way, the output driving force F _veh is generally obtained by the following equation (1).
F _veh = A + BV + CV ² + m (dV / dt + sin θ) (1) where
F _veh ; output driving force A, B, C; vehicle specific constant V; vehicle speed (vehicle speed),
m: Vehicle weight θ: Road gradient.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
That is, as can be understood from the above equation (1), in _order to obtain the output driving force F _veh during traveling, it is necessary to obtain the total vehicle weight during traveling. However, for example, in vehicles used for freight transportation and delivery, the total weight of the vehicle during the day's travel (the weight of the vehicle itself + the weight of the freight) is not always constant, and freight loading and unloading. However, even with the conventional operation management system, since there is no means for directly measuring such cargo weight, the total weight of the running vehicle could not be grasped in real time .
[0007]
On the other hand, it is conceivable to install a load cell in the vehicle and grasp the total weight of the vehicle while traveling in real time, but this load cell is expensive, there are restrictions on the mounting position in the vehicle, and an amplifier etc. A method of measuring the total weight of the vehicle in real time using a load cell, such as requiring parts and providing four for each vehicle, is not a good idea.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and a first object of the invention is operation management capable of measuring the total weight of a running vehicle in real time without attaching an expensive load cell to the vehicle. Is to provide a system .
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object , in the present invention, in the operation management system in which an operation management meter that records data such as vehicle speed necessary for operation management with time is mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle is provided with a barometer, The operation management meter changes the fuel injection time in the vehicle and the fuel injection time required when the vehicle with a known vehicle weight is made to run on an empty road with no wind or close to the road surface. may be stored characteristic data related to the output driving force of the vehicle obtained in correspondence to the vehicle speed obtained while, and this characteristic data, the speed obtained when the vehicle was the actual road surface travel, acceleration and The slope of the road surface obtained by processing the output of the barometer with an operation management meter ,
F _veh = A + BV + CV ² + m (dV / dt + sin θ)
(Where F _veh : vehicle output driving force, A, B, C; vehicle specific constant, V: vehicle speed, m: vehicle weight, θ: road gradient)
And calculating the total weight of the vehicle running on the actual road surface and the output driving force of the vehicle in real time , and calculating the calculated total weight and the vehicle output drive. It is characterized by recording the time change of force in the operation management meter .
[0010]
According to the above operation management system, the total weight of the running vehicle can be easily obtained without using an expensive measuring instrument such as a load cell, and the obtained total weight and time of the output driving force of the vehicle can be obtained. Since the change in the vehicle is recorded in the operation management meter, it is possible to accurately grasp the traveling state of the vehicle from the temporal change in the output driving force, and to perform the operation evaluation for energy saving based on this.
[0011]
[0012]
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the overall configuration of the operation management system of the present invention. In this figure, 1 is an operation management meter provided in the vicinity of the driver's seat of a truck 2 as a vehicle. As shown in FIG. 2, the operation management meter 1 includes a CPU 3, a ROM 4, a RAM 5, a clock circuit 6, a power supply circuit 7, an interface 8, and the like, and includes an engine speed sensor 9, a speed sensor 10, an intake air amount sensor (for example, In addition to output signals from various sensors originally provided on the track 2 such as the aero flow meter 11, output signals from the barometer 12 provided at appropriate positions on the track 2, and appropriate input means 13 such as a registration terminal The work item information input by is recorded on a memory card 14 as a recording medium that is detachably attached to the operation management meter 1 over time.
[0014]
In FIG. 1, 15 is an office of a shipping company, for example, and this office 15 is provided with a computer (for example, a personal computer) 16 as a data processing device. The computer 16 includes a computer main body 17, an input device 18 such as an input keyboard, a display 19 capable of color display, a printer 20 capable of color output, and the like. The computer 16 is connected to a reading device 21 for reading data recorded on the memory card 14. Based on the data received from the reading device 21, the computer 16 creates daily driving reports, vehicle management forms, etc. that match each application, and displays the results on the display 19, outputs them by the printer 20, or stores them in the memory. Can be saved.
[0015]
Further, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 22 denotes an alarm device provided near the driver's seat of the truck 2. Based on a signal from the operation management meter 1, an alarm by sound such as a buzzer or a message or an alarm by blinking an indicator lamp is given. Is configured to emit.
[0016]
Next, the operation of the operation management system configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. First, a method for measuring the weight of the truck 2 during its travel will be described. In the operation management system according to the present invention, the weight of the truck 2 is calculated using the equation (1) for _obtaining the output driving force F _veh. The weight (total weight) of the vehicle is obtained in real time while traveling.
[0017]
(1) First, the truck 2 whose vehicle weight is known in advance is empty (no loading), and the wind speed is 2 m / sec or less on a flat road surface with no gradient in the traveling direction or in a state close to this. The vehicle speed of the truck 2 when the fuel injection time is changed in various ways is collected. This vehicle speed is measured by the speed sensor 10 of the truck 2.
[0018]
The fuel injection time can be obtained as follows. That is, in general, fuel injection in a vehicle such as a truck is often performed by synchronous injection of one injection per engine rotation, and the fuel injection time (synchronous injection time) is given by the following equation (2).
Synchronous injection time = (basic injection time) x (correction coefficient) + (voltage correction injection time)
(2)
Here, the basic injection time is equivalent to a fuel injection amount that is converted into an air amount per injection by dividing the intake air amount of the engine by the engine speed and has a theoretical air fuel ratio. It is calculated | required as injection time to perform, and is represented by the following (3) formula.
Basic injection time = (constant) x (intake air amount) / (engine speed) (3)
Moreover, since the response time of an injector changes with battery voltages, this correct | amends this, and, for example, the voltage correction | amendment injection time shows the characteristic as shown in FIG.
[0019]
The intake air amount is detected by the intake air amount sensor 11, and the engine speed is detected by the engine speed sensor 10. Therefore, these detection outputs are input to the operation management meter 1 and the above equation (3). And the fuel injection time t can be obtained by performing the calculation using the equation (2) using the voltage-corrected injection time characteristic.
[0020]
As described above, a plurality of data pairs in which the fuel injection time and the vehicle speed at that time correspond one-to-one are obtained. It is preferable to collect as many data pairs as possible for data averaging.
[0021]
(2) Next, using the data pair representing the correlation between the fuel injection time t and the vehicle speed V obtained in (1), the output driving force F _veh is _obtained by the above equation (1). That is, in the equation (1), the coefficients A, B, and C are constants determined by the vehicle (in this case, the track 2), V (vehicle speed) and m (vehicle weight) are known, and dV / dt is , V is obtained by differentiating with time, and sin θ is 0 because the road surface is flat. By substituting these values into equation (1), the output driving force corresponding to each vehicle speed V is obtained. F _veh is obtained, and characteristic data regarding the fuel injection time t and the output driving force F _veh are obtained. This characteristic data is obtained as a relationship in which the output driving force F _veh is substantially proportional to the fuel injection time t, for example, as shown in FIG.
[0022]
(3) Then, in order to obtain the total weight of the truck 2 (the weight of the vehicle itself + the weight of the load) when the truck 2 travels on the road surface, the following formula (1) is used.
[0023]
(3-A) That is, the truck 2 is driven on the road surface, and the characteristic data relating to the fuel injection time and the vehicle output driving force shown in FIG. The output driving force F _{veh at} is obtained. That is, while the truck 2 is traveling, the output driving force F _veh of the truck 2 can be _obtained in real time.
[0024]
(3-B) The formula (1) is
m = [F _veh − (A + BV + CV ² )] / (dV / dt + sin θ)
...... (4)
And can be transformed.
Here, the vehicle speed V when the fuel is injected at the fuel injection time t at the certain time is obtained by the speed sensor 10, and dV / dt is obtained by differentiating the vehicle speed V with respect to time. In addition, a barometer 12 is mounted on the truck 2, and an inclination θ of the road surface in the traveling direction can be obtained by appropriately processing the output of the barometer 12 in the operation management meter 1. Therefore, by substituting the values of the coefficients A, B, C, V (vehicle speed), dV / dt, and sin θ determined by the truck 2 into the equation (4), the total weight of the truck 2 is obtained. The weight of the load can be obtained by subtracting the weight of the truck 2 itself from the weight. That is, the total weight of the truck 2 and the weight of the load can be obtained in real time while the truck 2 is traveling.
[0025]
As described above, while the truck 2 is traveling, the output driving force F _veh of the truck 2 and the weight of the load loaded on the truck 2 can be obtained in real time. For example, in FIG. As shown by reference numeral _{43 in} the _figure , the change in the output driving force _Fveh is more severe as the total vehicle weight increases, even if the vehicle travels at the same speed. If the total weight is reduced, the change in the output driving force _Fveh is also small.
[0026]
The output driving force F _veh is energy required to travel the truck 2, and whether or not useless energy is _consumed when the truck 2 travels based on the trend of the output driving force F _veh . It is possible to determine whether or not the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating more than necessary. For example, _when the temporal change (differential value depending on time) of the output driving force F _veh is equal to or less than a standard value (set value), the traveling state is a preferable energy consumption state, and an accelerator or a brake operation is preferable. It is judged that it is performed in the state. On the contrary, when the temporal change exceeds the set value, it is determined that the traveling state consumes more energy than necessary. In such a case, an alarm is given from the alarm device 22 by a buzzer or a message. Is issued or an alarm is triggered by a flashing lamp. Of course, alarms from both of these may be issued simultaneously.
[0027]
As described above, according to the present invention, the output driving force F _veh is obtained in real time while the truck 2 is traveling, and the traveling state of the truck 2 is preferable by comparing the temporal change with the set value. It is determined whether or not the vehicle is operating under an energy consumption state, and when the driving state is not performed under a favorable energy consumption state, an alarm is appropriately issued to the crew member, and attention is paid to the crew member for energy saving traveling. Aroused.
[0028]
The time-dependent change in the output driving force F _veh is recorded in the memory card 14 in the operation management meter 1 together with the change in the total vehicle weight of the truck 2 and the weight of the cargo. Therefore, by putting the memory card 14 on the reading device 21 in the office 15 after the end of the day's work, the data such as the output driving force F _{veh and the} operation management data _indicating the work contents generated in the day are obtained. It is read and input to the personal computer 16. Then, by performing predetermined processing in the personal computer 16, a daily driving _report , a vehicle management form, and the like are created, and data representing changes over time such as the output driving force F _veh is also created. 16 and is output via the printer 20.
[0029]
Data representing changes over time, such as the output driving force F _veh, is output as necessary, and can be used as data for crew's driving guidance by the operation manager. Even in this driving guidance, etc. To alert you to energy-saving driving.
[0030]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, if the influence of wind on the vehicle is corrected using an anemometer such as a Pitot tube, the output driving force F _veh can be obtained more accurately. it can. Alternatively, the fuel injection time t may be obtained by a computer for engine control of the truck 2 and input to the operation management meter 1.
[0031]
Furthermore, in the above operation management system, for example, by combining the position data by GPS and the load load data, it becomes possible to manage unloading of loads and wastes unattended.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first invention, the total weight of the running vehicle can be measured in real time without attaching an expensive load cell to the vehicle.
[0033]
Since records the temporal change of the output driving force in the gross vehicle weight and during traveling of the traveling determined in operation management meter, the temporal change of the output driving force, can accurately grasp the traveling state of the vehicle, during running of the vehicle based on this, issues a predetermined alarm, attention aroused directly for energy saving driving the crew of the vehicle, also outputs the data of the temporal change of the output driving force, This can be used for education for energy-saving driving for crew members and the like, and can be used effectively for improving awareness of energy-saving.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the overall configuration of an operation management system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a configuration of an operation management meter.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of voltage-corrected ejection characteristics.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of characteristic data relating to a fuel injection time and an output driving force of a vehicle.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in output driving force.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... operation management meter, 2 ... vehicle, 12 ... barometer.

Claims (1)

In an operation management system in which an operation management meter that records data such as vehicle speed necessary for operation management with time is mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle is provided with a barometer , and the operation management meter includes a vehicle whose vehicle weight is known. Is determined in accordance with the fuel injection time in the vehicle and the vehicle speed when the fuel injection time is changed. Further, characteristic data relating to the output driving force of the vehicle is stored, and the characteristic data, the speed and acceleration obtained when the vehicle is driven on the actual road surface , and the output of the barometer are processed by the operation management meter. The slope of the road surface obtained by
F _veh = A + BV + CV ² + m (dV / dt + sin θ)
(Where F _veh : vehicle output driving force, A, B, C; vehicle specific constant, V: vehicle speed, m: vehicle weight, θ: road gradient)
And calculating the total weight of the vehicle running on the actual road surface and the output driving force of the vehicle in real time , and calculating the calculated total weight and the vehicle output drive. An operation management system that records changes in power over time in an operation management meter .

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