JP3870263B2 - Seismic isolation device with linear motion recovery function - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention is generally used in civil engineering and building structures, such as bridge girder bridges supported by seismic isolation devices, seismic isolation buildings, seismic isolation floors used for some floors in structures, etc. This is a seismic isolation device used for vibration isolation of a substructure such as a frame floor, and particularly relates to a linear motion type seismic isolation device with a restoring function.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, seismic isolation buildings and seismic isolation floors for preserving the building itself or precision equipment in the building during an earthquake are the bases and floors of the superstructure on seismic isolation devices installed on the substructure such as foundations and slabs. It is configured by supporting an upper structure such as a panel, etc., and the upper structure is insulated from the lower structure by the seismic isolation device, whereby the vibration of the lower structure is blocked.
[0003]
In particular, in a rolling support type seismic isolation device using a roller (cylindrical rotating body), frames are stacked in three stages, and a plurality of rollers are placed in one direction between two adjacent upper and lower frames by a spacing member. The roller is placed in one horizontal direction in a state where the movement of the roller in the axial direction is constrained in a recess formed in a straight line on the frame, etc., while being held movably, and the roller is horizontal in the entire three-tier frame. It arrange | positions toward these two directions (refer patent document 1).
[0004]
Since a rolling bearing type seismic isolation device alone does not have a restoration function after horizontal relative movement between vertically adjacent frames, the function of restoring the frame when relative movement occurs between vertically adjacent frames In order to provide the above, it is necessary to devise a method such as bending a concave portion or the like into which a roller enters as in the case of Patent Document 1 into a convex curved shape.
[0005]
A method using a coil spring is generally used as a method for restoring the original position after the two vertically overlapping frames move relative to each other (see Patent Documents 2 to 5). In the method of arranging the coil spring so as to occur and utilizing the restoring force, the relationship between the amount of deformation of the coil spring and the restoring force is linear, so the coil spring is always in the opposite direction to the deformation while it is deformed. Since a restoring force is generated, there is a problem that it takes a long time to complete the restoration before returning to the original position.
[0006]
In addition, when the coil spring is used only in the form of extending and contracting in the axial direction, the coil spring has a natural frequency, so that the frame is returned to the original position when the natural frequency of the coil spring matches the frequency of the frame. On the contrary, the resonance may amplify the vibration of the frame.
[0007]
If the coil spring is used in such a way that it can be rotated around one end while expanding and contracting in the axial direction (see Patent Document 6), the relationship between the deformation amount of the coil spring and the restoring force becomes a sine curve, and the natural vibration Since there is no use state, there is an advantage that resonance with the frame can be avoided and the relative movement of the upper and lower frames can be terminated early.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-173376 (FIGS. 1 and 2)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-13923 (FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-288073 (FIG. 2)
[Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-71109 (FIG. 2)
[Patent Document 5]
JP-A-9-112011 (FIGS. 3 to 5)
[Patent Document 6]
JP 2000-337437 A (FIGS. 2 and 3)
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when a coil spring is used so that it can be rotated around its one end while expanding and contracting in the axial direction as in Patent Document 6, the end opposite to the fixed end of the coil spring moves on a linear track. It is necessary to install a guide rod and a slider that can travel along the guide rod as much as possible.
[0010]
In addition, even if relative movement occurs in any direction on the plane between the upper and lower frames, a pulley is passed between the slider and the frame so that the other end of the coil spring can move on the linear track. It is necessary to stretch the wire, and the number of components of the seismic isolation device for providing a restoration function increases.
[0011]
The present invention proposes a linear motion type seismic isolation device in a form that eliminates the need for a peripheral member for exerting the characteristics of the coil spring disclosed in Patent Document 6 while taking advantage of the characteristics of the coil spring.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, in the three frames arranged in a three-tiered manner, the frame located relatively above of the two adjacent upper and lower frames is relatively moved in one horizontal direction to the frame located below. By freely supporting and restricting the direction of relative movement of each adjacent upper and lower frame to one of the horizontal directions, a spring is installed between the upper and lower adjacent frames, so that the guide rod, slider and pulley Without using wires, the characteristics of the coil spring of Patent Document 6 are demonstrated, and the structure of the seismic isolation device as a whole is simplified while the function having no natural frequency is derived. To complete.
[0013]
The seismic isolation device is supported on the base, which is the lowest frame among the three frames arranged in the above three-tiered structure, and on the base so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction with respect to the base. The lower table and the upper table supported on the lower table so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction with respect to the lower table are the basic elements. When vibration such as an earthquake occurs, the lower table becomes the base. In contrast, the upper table moves linearly in one horizontal direction intersecting the one direction with respect to the lower table. The upper table moves relative to the base in an arbitrary horizontal direction.
[0014]
  When the relative movement occurs between the base and the lower table and between the lower table and the upper table, the springs that extend independently and exhibit the restoring force are in each relative movement direction.OrthogonalThe both ends of each spring are connected to the base and the lower table, and the lower table and the upper table.The base, the lower table and the upper table are arranged in three stages.
  Between the base and the lower table is a lower support that supports the lower table so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction, and between the lower table and the upper table, the upper table extends in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction. There is an upper support that supports the relative movement.
  The base has at least two parallel track frames for disposing the lower support body in the horizontal direction, and the lower table has at least two parallel structures for disposing the lower support body in the horizontal direction. A track frame and at least two parallel track frames for disposing the upper support in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction, and the upper table has the upper support in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction. It has at least two parallel track frames for placement.
  The spring between the base and the lower table described above is between the track frame of the base and the track frame of the lower table facing it.In a plane, in a direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the base and the lower table, and inclined with respect to the horizontal planeThe spring between the lower table and the upper table is installed between the track frame of the lower table and the track frame of the upper table facing it., Inclined on the plane, in a direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the lower table and the upper table, and with respect to the horizontal planeIt will be erected.
[0015]
Since the lower table is movable relative to the base only in one horizontal direction, the end of the lower table side of the spring installed between the two moves on a linear track that is the direction of movement when the lower table is moved relative to the base. To do. Similarly, since the upper table can move relative to the lower table only in the horizontal direction intersecting the horizontal one direction, the end of the spring on the upper table side is also a linear track that is the moving direction when the upper table is moved relative to the lower table. Move up.
[0016]
While the upper table can move relative to the base in any horizontal direction, the movement of the end on the lower table side of the spring installed between the lower table and the base is restricted by linear motion, and the upper table and lower table The movement of the end of the upper table side of the spring installed between them is also restricted by linear motion, so it is not possible to install a guide rod, slider, pulley, and wire for the purpose of linear motion of one end of each spring. Not necessary.
[0017]
By moving one end of the spring on a straight track, the relationship between the amount of deformation of the spring and the restoring force becomes a sine curve, so that the relative movement of the upper and lower frames can be terminated at an early stage. Is in a use state having no natural frequency, so that the vibrations of the lower table and the upper table are not amplified.
[0018]
In a normal state where the lower table and upper table do not move relative to the base, the lower spring can follow the movement of the lower table relative to the base in either direction relative to the base of the lower table. Orthogonal to the direction of relative movementdirectionThe axis is perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the upper table so that the upper spring can follow the movement of the upper table in any direction relative to the lower table.directionFacing.
[0019]
Both the spring between the base and the lower table and the spring between the lower table and the upper table exert a restoring force according to the amount of extension, trying to return the lower table and the upper table moved relative to each other to the original position. Rather than extending with the axis direction fixed, the shaft rotates while rotating around one end, so that the lower table and upper table are restored when the lower table and upper table return to their original positions as described later. The closer to the original position, the smaller the restoring force of the spring according to the sine curve.
[0020]
As a result, the acceleration of the lower table and the upper table is reduced when the lower table and the upper table that are going to return to the original position exceed the original position due to the restoring force of the spring, and further when moving in the opposite direction to the relative movement. Therefore, the lower table and the upper table repeat vibration with a small amplitude with respect to the base near the original position, and then stop.
[0021]
Here, the behavior and function of the spring 5 installed between the base 2 and the lower table 3 will be described with reference to FIG. The behavior and function of the spring 6 installed between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 are the same as those of the spring 5.
[0022]
The relative movement direction of the lower table 3 (upper table 4) with respect to the base 2 (lower table 3) is determined by, for example, a linear track such as a groove 2a (3b) in which the lower rotating body 7 (upper rotating body 8) is stored. When the lower table 3 (upper table 4) moves relative to the base 2 (lower table 3), the spring 5 (spring 6) is controlled in one direction and the lower table 3 relative to the base 2 (lower table 3). It extends according to the amount of movement of (upper table 4). In the example shown in FIG. 1 and subsequent figures, the grooves 2a, 3a, 3b, and 4b into which the cylindrical rotating body 7 (8) enters correspond to the linear track.
[0023]
From the state in which the lower table 3 does not move relative to the base 2 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 28 and the axis of the spring 5 is orthogonal to the relative movement direction of the lower table 3, the spring as shown by the two-dot chain line When the rotation angle between the spring 5 and the original position of the spring 5 is θ (0 ≦ θ ≦ π / 2), the natural length of the spring 5 is L, and the extension amount of the spring 5 is x. The movement amount X of the lower table 3 is X = (L + x) · sin θ (1). In a state where the lower table 3 does not cause relative movement, the spring 5 does not necessarily have a natural length.
[0024]
The spring 5 exhibits a restoring force F (= k · x (k: spring constant)) corresponding to the extension amount x, and the component parallel to the moving direction of the lower table 3 of the restoring force F of the spring 5 is the lower table. 3 acts on the lower table 3 as a restoring force F1 (= Fsinθ (= k · xsinθ)) ((2)) for returning 3 to the original position.
[0025]
From FIG. 28, since (L + x) cos θ = L, x = (1−cos θ) / cos θ · L ((3)), and x is expressed by a function of θ, and finally, from (2) and (3) F1 = kL (tan θ−sin θ) (4). In (4), when θ = π / 2, F1 = ∞, θ = π / 4, F1 = 0.29 kL, θ = 0, F1 = 0, and when θ is close to 90 °, F1 is Extremely large, as θ approaches 0, F1 decreases rapidly and approaches 0. Therefore, as the relative movement of the lower table 3 increases, the lower table 3 tries to return to the original position F1. It can be seen that it tries to return to the original position early. FIG. 29 shows the relationship between the restoring force F1 of the lower table 3 and the movement amount X of the lower table 3.
[0026]
Also, as the closer to the original position, the restoring force F1 received by the lower table 3 becomes smaller, so that the lower table 3 receives a force to move further in the opposite direction to the relative movement by the restoring force F1 near the original position. There is no. The smaller the θ is, the smaller the restoring force F1 is, so that F1 = m · a (m: mass of the lower table 3), and the acceleration a of the lower table 3 is also reduced by drawing a curve similar to F1. FIG. 30 shows the relationship between the acceleration a of the lower table 3 and the movement amount X of the lower table 3.
[0027]
Here, assuming that the apparent spring constant of the lower table 3 when the lower table 3 is regarded as a spring is k1 (F1 = k1 · X), from (1) and (2), k1 = (1-cosθ ) K, and the spring constant k1 of the lower table 3 is a function of cos θ. Theoretically, when θ = π / 2, k1 takes the maximum value (k) and becomes the minimum (0) when θ = 0. FIG. 31 shows the relationship between the spring constant k1 of the lower table 7 and the movement amount X of the lower table 7.
[0028]
The frequency f of the lower table 3 is f = 1 / 2π (k1 / m).^1/2  The spring constant k1 of the lower table 3 is close to 0 when θ is small, that is, near the original position, and the vibration period (1 / f) becomes long. Therefore, the lower table 3 vibrates at a long period near the original position. To do. FIG. 32 shows the relationship between the frequency f of the lower table 3 and the movement amount X of the lower table 3.
[0029]
Thus, when the rotation angle θ of the spring 5 is large (close to π / 2), the restoring force F1 acting on the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 is extremely large, and the restoring force F1 becomes sharper as θ approaches 0. As the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 move away from the original position, the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 attempt to return to the original position more rapidly. 3 and the upper table 4 try to converge to the original position at an early stage without repeating vibration.
[0030]
Further, since the restoring force F1 directly acts on the lower table 3 and the upper table 4, when the slider is circumscribed on the guide rod as in Patent Document 6, or the wire connected to the slider is stretched via the pulley. Since there is little loss of force due to frictional force as in the case of performing, the restoring force F1 can be effectively exhibited and transmitted to the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 without loss.
[0031]
  When the rotation angle θ of the spring 5 is large (close to π / 2), the restoring force F1 acting on the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 is extremely large, and as θ approaches 0, the restoring force F1 decreases rapidly. That is, the rotation angle formed with the original position of the spring 5 when the spring 5 extends while rotating is determined by θ..
[0032]
The restoring force F1 acting on the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 so as to return the relative movement of the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 to the original position suddenly approaches 0 near the original position. Since it works so as to brake the upper table 4, it is not necessary to use a special damper for suppressing vibrations of the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 in the seismic isolation device 1.
[0033]
A support that supports the lower table between the base and the lower table so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction, and a support body that supports the upper table between the lower table and the upper table so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction are sliding supports. Whether it is a rolling bearing or a rolling bearing, the rolling bearing is good in order to cause immediate relative movement without receiving frictional resistance when a vibration of a certain size or more occurs. In order to reduce the load of the bearing body and reduce the number of necessary bearing bodies, it is reasonable to use a cylindrical rotating body (roller) with linear contact rather than a point contact spherical body as the bearing body. .
[0034]
Therefore, in claim 2, a columnar lower rotating body that supports the lower table so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction is interposed between the base and the lower table, with the shaft horizontally disposed, Between the upper tables, a cylindrical upper rotating body that supports the upper table so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction is interposed with the axis oriented horizontally, so that a reasonable number of support bodies can be provided. When the vibration is generated, the lower table and the upper table are caused to move smoothly relative to the base and the lower table, respectively. The axis of the upper rotating body faces the direction intersecting with the axis of the lower rotating body.
[0035]
For vertical vibration acting on the seismic isolation device, vertical movement between the base and the lower table is allowed between the opposing surfaces of the base and the lower table, and the vertical vibration generated in the base. By interposing a vertical vibration isolating device that interrupts the upper table or between the lower table and the upper table as described in claim 7, while allowing a vertical upward relative movement of the upper table with respect to the lower table, It is possible to shut off by installing a shock absorber that reduces the impact.
[0036]
Specifically, the vertical vibration isolator is connected to one of the base and the lower table as described in claim 4, and a vertical spring that exerts a restoring force in the vertical direction while bearing the vertical load of the lower table; The holding member is connected to both the base and the lower table so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis, and the base and the lower table are always kept in parallel.
[0037]
Or a horizontal spring that is connected to the base as described in claim 5 and that exerts a restoring force in the horizontal direction while bearing a vertical load of the lower table, and a lower part that is rotatably supported by the base around the horizontal axis A table and a horizontal spring are rotatably connected around a horizontal axis, and are composed of a holding member that always keeps the base and the lower table parallel. Since the horizontal component of the restoring force of the horizontal spring only needs to be superior to the vertical component, the horizontal spring does not necessarily have to be arranged with its axis facing the horizontal direction.
[0038]
In either case, the vertical spring or the horizontal spring is between the base and the lower table while the holding member always keeps the base and the lower table parallel regardless of the distance between the base and the lower table. By following the change in distance, transmission of vertical vibrations generated in the base to the lower table is cut off. At least two holding members are paired to form a pantograph together with the base and the lower table, and the lower table and the base are always kept parallel.
[0039]
Specifically, the shock absorber according to claim 7 includes a vertical spring that exhibits a restoring force in the vertical direction as described in claim 8, and a holding member that is fixed to the lower table and the upper table and holds the vertical spring. The vertical spring is extended or contracted to allow the upper table to move vertically upward relative to the lower table, while reducing the impact during relative movement (when lifting).
[0040]
If the impact caused by the contact with the lower table (upper rotating body) when returning after the vertical table relative movement (uplift) is relieved, the upper table is lifted as described in claim 9. In a normal state, the restoring force of the vertical spring is maintained in a state where it acts on the upper table vertically upward.
[0041]
Since the restoring force of the vertical spring acts vertically upward on the upper table in a normal state, the upward restoring force reduces the speed and acceleration when the upper table is lifted, and the lower part of the upper table Impact caused by contact (collision) with the table is reduced. In this case, it is possible to cut off the vibration in the vertical direction as in the case of the vertical vibration cut-off device of claims 4 and 5 by mitigating the impact when the upper table is lifted and after the lift.
[0042]
In the case of Claims 8 and 9, the presence of a holding material for holding the vertical spring allows the shock absorber to allow a certain amount of the relative movement between the lower table and the upper table while allowing a certain amount of vertical relative movement. It also has a function to limit the relative movement amount exceeding.
[0043]
In the first to fifth aspects, when the relative movement amount of the upper table with respect to the lower table exceeding a certain amount in the vertical upward direction is limited, the vertical upward movement between the lower table and the upper table as described in the sixth aspect. A limiting device is installed to limit the amount of relative movement. In this case, the upper table is prevented from being detached from the lower table by limiting the relative movement amount exceeding a certain amount of the upper table.
[0044]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the seismic isolation device 1 according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a base 2 fixed on a horizontal surface of a structure or the like, and a base 2 on the base 2 in one direction parallel to the base 2. A lower table 3 supported relative to the lower table 3, an upper table 4 supported on the lower table 3 so as to be movable relative to the lower table 3 in a horizontal direction intersecting the one direction, a base 2 and a lower portion In the relative movement direction between the tables 3 and between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4OrthogonalIt is constructed from springs 5 and 6 which are constructed in the direction to be stretched and extend to exert restoring force when relative movement occurs between them.
[0045]
In the drawing, it is assumed that the horizontal plane is a structural floor such as a slab of the structure, and the seismic isolation device 1 constitutes the seismic isolation floor. It is installed between the upper structure and the lower structure that are divided vertically in the whole structure, such as between the bridge girder and bridge pier, between the seismic isolation floor and the frame floor. The horizontal plane includes the upper surfaces of foundations, piers, frame floors and other substructures.
[0046]
A support body that supports the lower table 3 so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction between the base 2 and the lower table 3, and an upper table 4 that is supported so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4. For the bearing to be used, a sliding bearing using a low friction material such as a tetrafluoroethylene sheet or a rolling bearing using a rotating body such as a sphere or a cylinder is used, but in the drawing, a smaller number of bearings are used. In order to cause a smooth relative movement between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4, a plurality of columnar rotating bodies (rollers) are used as the support body (claim 2).
[0047]
In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, between the base 2 and the lower table 3, a plurality of cylindrical lower rotating bodies 7 that support the lower table 3 so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction have their axes oriented horizontally. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of cylindrical upper rotating bodies 8 that support the upper table 4 so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction are shafts between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4. Is inserted horizontally. 3 is a view taken along the line xx of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line yy. The lower rotating body 7 and the upper rotating body 8 are installed as a unit for every plurality.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 3, the lower rotating body 7 supports the lower table 3 so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction orthogonal to the axis by arranging the shaft so as to be horizontal, and the upper rotating body 8 is shown in FIG. As shown in the drawing, the upper table 4 is supported so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction by being arranged in the horizontal direction in the direction intersecting the axis of the lower rotating body 7. The axis of the lower rotating body 7 faces the direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the lower table 3 with respect to the base 2, and the axis of the upper rotating body 8 faces the direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the upper table 4 with respect to the lower table 3.
[0049]
The plurality of lower rotating bodies 7 are restrained from swinging around the vertical axis by entering the openings 9a of the plate 9 having the openings 9a corresponding to the number of the lower rotating bodies 7 as shown in FIGS. At the same time, grooves 2a and 3a that are linear rails formed or attached to the upper surface of the base 2 and the lower surface of the lower table 3 in a state where the distance between the adjacent lower rotating bodies 7 and 7 is maintained. The plurality of lower rotating bodies 7 are simultaneously rolled together with the plate 9 when vibration is generated.
[0050]
Both end surfaces of the lower rotating body 7 are restrained from swinging around the vertical axis by contacting the end surfaces of the lower rotating body 7 so as not to be in close contact with the inner peripheral surfaces of the grooves 2a and 3a. The groove 2a is formed on or attached to the upper surface of the base 2, and the groove 3a is formed on or attached to the lower surface of the lower table 3. The grooves 2a and 3a have at least a length corresponding to the amount of relative movement of the lower table 3 with respect to the base 2.
[0051]
As shown in FIG. 5B, the plate 9 is sandwiched between the upper surface of the base 2 excluding the grooves 2a and 3a and the lower surface of the lower table 3, and the lower table 3 is placed on the base 2, The table 3 is constrained against vertical movement by being located in a gap formed when supported by the lower rotating body 7, and when vibration occurs, it is placed on the upper surface of the base 2 or on the upper surface of the base 2 and the lower surface of the lower table 3. Translate while touching. As the plate 9 moves in parallel, the plurality of lower rotating bodies 7 roll while maintaining a constant interval.
[0052]
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the lower rotating body 7 formed of a plurality of sets by the plate 9 is not flat when the lower table 3 is supported so that the lower table 3 does not partially sink. , Evenly arranged. In the drawing, three rows are arranged on both sides and the center of the lower table 3 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of relative movement with respect to the base 2.
[0053]
As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the plurality of upper rotating bodies 8 are also constrained from swinging around the vertical axis by entering the openings 10a of the plate 10 having the corresponding number of openings 10a. At the same time, a groove 3b which is a linear rail formed or attached to the upper surface of the lower table 3 and the lower surface of the upper table 4 in a state where the interval between the adjacent upper rotating bodies 8 and 8 is maintained. A plurality of upper rotating bodies 8 are simultaneously rolled together with the plate 10 when vibration is generated.
[0054]
Both end surfaces of the upper rotating body 8 are also constrained against swinging around the vertical axis by coming into contact with the inner peripheral surfaces of the grooves 3b and 4b so as not to adhere to each other. The groove 3b is formed on or attached to the upper surface of the lower table 3, and the groove 4b is formed on or attached to the lower surface of the upper table 4. The grooves 3b and 4b have a length corresponding to an assumed relative movement amount of the upper table 4 with respect to the lower table 3.
[0055]
The upper table 4 is also placed on the lower table 3 between the upper surface of the lower table 3 excluding the grooves 3b and 4b and the lower surface of the upper table 4, and the upper table 4 is supported by the upper rotating body 8. The vertical movement is constrained by being located in the gap formed at the time, and when the vibration is generated, it moves in parallel while contacting the upper surface of the lower table 3 or the upper surface of the lower table 3 and the lower surface of the upper table 4. As the plate 10 moves in parallel, the plurality of upper rotating bodies 8 roll while maintaining a constant interval.
[0056]
The plurality of upper rotating bodies 8 are also equally arranged on a plane so that when the upper table 4 is supported, the upper table 4 does not partially sink. In the drawing, three rows are arranged on both sides and the center in the direction orthogonal to the relative movement direction of the upper table 4 with respect to the lower table 3.
[0057]
The shaft of the spring 5 installed between the base 2 and the lower table 3 has the same restoring force on the lower table 3 even if the lower table 3 moves relative to the base 2 in a normal state where no vibration is generated. In order to provide the same, the plane 5 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the base 2 and the lower table 3, and the spring 5 moves around the connection point to the base 2 when relative movement occurs between the base 2 and the lower table 3. It stretches while rotating and exhibits its restoring force.
[0058]
The axis of the spring 6 installed between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 is also in a normal state on a plane, and is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the lower table 3 and the upper table 4, and between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4. When relative movement occurs, it expands while rotating around the connection point to the lower table 3 and exhibits a restoring force.
[0059]
The springs 5 and 6 are mainly coil springs having a high deformability, but a part of the springs 5 and 6 is a series of springs, such as disc springs and ring springs, that generate a damping force due to friction when contracted. In addition, or by combining them in parallel, the damping force of the disc spring or the ring spring can be applied to the springs 5 and 6, and the function of the damper can be added.
[0060]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the base 2 has a track frame 201 capable of forming grooves 2 a for arranging a plurality of lower rotating bodies 7 in a plurality of rows on the upper surface side, and at the same time between the lower table 3. The spring 5 can be installed, and the spring 5 has a shape that does not become an obstacle to the rotation of the lower table 3 around the connection point to the base 2, and the three track frames 201 are arranged in one direction. From the orthogonal frame 202 connecting the end portions of the three track frames 201, for example, a Japanese character is formed on a plane. The arrows in FIG. 7 indicate the relative movement direction of the lower table 3 with respect to the base 2.
[0061]
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the lower table 3 has a track frame 31 that can form grooves 3a for arranging a plurality of lower rotating bodies 7 on the lower surface side, and a plurality of upper rotating bodies on the upper surface side. The spring 5 can be installed between the base frame 2 and the spring 5 can be connected to the base 2 along with the relative movement with respect to the base 2. A shape that does not become an obstacle to rotating around, for example, a square shape in which two orbital frame frames 31 and 32 intersect on a plane. The arrows in FIG. 8 indicate the relative movement direction of the upper table 4 with respect to the lower table 3.
[0062]
As shown in FIG. 8, the upper table 4 also has a track frame 41 capable of forming grooves 4 b for arranging a plurality of upper rotating bodies 8 in a plurality of rows on the lower surface side. Three track frames 41 are arranged, and form, for example, a Japanese character from an orthogonal frame 42 that connects the ends of the three track frames 41. The track frame 41 is orthogonal to the track frame 201 of the base 2.
[0063]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, between the lower table 3 and the base 2, the spring 5 faces in a direction normal to the relative movement direction of the base 2 and the lower table 3 in a normal state where no vibration is generated as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7. Is installed, for example, there is a step between the bottom surface of the center track frame 32 and the bottom surface of the track frame 31 so that the end of the spring 5 can be connected to the center track frame 31 of the lower table 3. One end of the spring 5 is connected to the side surface of the central track frame 31 located on the base 2 side (lower side). The other end of the spring 5 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the track frame 201 located on both sides of the base 2.
[0064]
4 and 7, the springs 5 and 5 are arranged on both sides of the central track frame 31 so as to meet at the center so that the restoring force of the spring 5 acts equally on both sides of the center of the lower table 3. However, it is not always necessary to arrange the two springs 5 and 5 on both sides of the central track frame 31, and it may be sufficient to arrange one spring 5 only on one side. When the two springs 5 and 5 are arranged, the springs 5 and 5 may be installed so that the ends of the springs 5 and 5 meet at a position where the center of the center track frame 31 is removed.
[0065]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, a spring 6 is installed between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 on a plane in a normal state and facing a direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the lower table 3 and the upper table 4. Therefore, the end of the spring 6 can be connected to the inner peripheral surface of the track frame 32 positioned on both sides of the lower table 3 and the track frame 41 in the center of the upper table 4 as shown in FIG. A step is also provided between the upper surface of the track frame 31 and the upper surface of the track frame 32. One end of the spring 6 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the track frame 32 on both sides, and the other end is connected to the side surface of the track frame 41 at the center.
[0066]
3 and 8, the springs 6 and 6 are arranged on both sides of the central track frame 41 so as to meet at the center so that the restoring force of the spring 6 acts equally on both sides of the center of the upper table 4. However, it is not always necessary to arrange the two springs 6 and 6 on both sides of the central track frame 41, and it may be sufficient to arrange one spring 6 only on one side. When the two springs 6 and 6 are arranged, the springs 6 and 6 may be installed so that the ends of the springs 6 and 6 meet at a position where the center of the central track frame 41 is removed.
[0067]
9 and 10, the base 2 is composed of two track frames 201 and two orthogonal frames 202, the lower table 3 is composed of two track frames 31 and two track frames 32, and the upper table 4 is 2 In the case of two track frames 41 and two orthogonal frames 42, the spring 5 is installed between one track frame 201 of the base 2 and one track frame 31 of the lower table 3 facing the spring frame 6. Is installed between one track frame 32 of the lower table 3 and one track frame 41 of the upper table 4 opposed thereto, the lower table 3 moves relative to the base 2 and simultaneously the upper table 4 A state when the relative movement with respect to the lower table 3 is shown is shown. 11 and 12 show a state in which the upper table 4 of FIGS. 9 and 10 is omitted. 13 and 14 show enlarged views of FIGS. 11 and 12, respectively.
[0068]
In this case, when the spring 5 extends while rotating, it does not interfere with the orthogonal frame 202 of the base 2 and the track frame 32 of the lower table 3, and when the spring 6 extends while rotating, the track frame 31 of the lower table 3. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a part on the upper surface side of the orthogonal frame 202, a part on the lower surface side of the track frame 32, and a part on the upper surface side of the track frame 31 so as not to interfere with the orthogonal frame 42 of the upper table 4 A part of the lower surface side of the orthogonal frame 42 is cut away.
[0069]
9 to 14, a restriction device 11 is provided between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 to restrict the relative movement of the upper table 4 relative to the lower table 3 in the vertical direction exceeding a certain amount in the vertical upward direction (invoice). Item 6) is shown.
[0070]
As shown in FIG. 15- (a), for example, the restriction device 11 includes an enclosure portion 11a that rises from the outer side surface of the track frame 32 of the lower table 3, and an upper surface side of the track frame 41 of the upper table 4 that is continuous with the enclosure portion 11a. The holding portion 11b is locked downward to the track frame 41 of the upper table 4 to restrain the upper table 4 from being lifted with respect to the lower table 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the surrounding portion 11 a hangs down from the outer side surface of the track frame 41 of the upper table 4, and the pressing portion 11 b may wrap around the lower surface side of the track frame 32 of the lower table 3. FIG. 15- (a) shows a cross section taken along line zz of FIG.
[0071]
In the drawing, the restricting device 11 is arranged around (outside) between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4, but the circumference between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 is within a range that does not interfere with the springs 5 and 6. It may be placed inside other than.
[0072]
A plurality of columnar rotating bodies 12 are horizontally arranged between the mutually facing surfaces of the track frame 41 or the track frame 32 and the pressing portion 11b so as not to disturb the relative movement of the upper table 4 with respect to the lower table 3. Placed. Grooves 41a and 11c for arranging a plurality of rotating bodies 12 are formed on or attached to the mutually opposing surfaces of the track frame 41 and the track frame 32 and the pressing portion 11b.
[0073]
The plurality of rotating bodies 12 enter the openings 13a of the plate 13 having the plurality of openings 13a similarly to the lower rotating body 7 and the upper rotating body 8, and are constrained to swing around the vertical axis, and at the same time rotate adjacent to each other. In a state where the distance between the bodies 12 and 12 is maintained, they are arranged to fit into the grooves 41a and 11c. When vibrations are generated, the plurality of rotating bodies 12 together with the plate 13 roll simultaneously.
[0074]
In FIGS. 14 and 15, the hardness of the grooves 41 a and 11 c is reduced in order to reduce the frictional force between the rotating body 12 and the portion where the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating body 12 are in contact, and to enable the rotating body 12 to rotate smoothly. Plate springs 15 and 15 in which the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating body 8 are also in contact with the grooves 3b of the track frame 32 of the lower table 3 and the grooves 4b of the track frame 41 of the upper table 4 in the same manner. Is arranged.
[0075]
The restriction device 11 and the plurality of rotating bodies 12 may be installed between the track frame 201 of the base 2 and the track frame 31 of the lower table 3 as shown in FIGS.
[0076]
16 to 23 show a case in which a vertical vibration isolating device 16 that allows vertical movement between the base 2 and the lower table 3 in the vertical direction and interrupts vertical vibration generated in the base 2 is interposed between the opposing surfaces of the base 2 and the lower table 3. The state of (Claim 3) is shown.
[0077]
16 and 17, particularly, a vertical vibration isolator 16 is connected to one of the base 2 and the lower table 3, and a vertical spring 17 that exerts a restoring force in the vertical direction while bearing the vertical load of the lower table 3; An example of a case in which both the base 2 and the lower table 3 are connected to both the base table 2 and the lower table 3 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis, and are always kept in parallel (Claim 4) is shown. In this case, the limiting device 11 is not installed between the base 2 and the lower table 3.
[0078]
The holding member 18 includes, for example, a bar 18a having high torsional rigidity and brackets 18b that are integrated at both ends thereof and always rotate together with the bar 18a. Both ends of the bar 18a and one end of the bracket 18b are connected to the base 2 and the lower table. 3 is pivotally supported by the plates 19 and 19 fixed to one of the three, and the other end of the bracket 18b is pivotally supported by the plates 20 and 20 fixed to the other.
[0079]
At least two holding members 18, 18 are paired so that the brackets 18b, 18b of both holding members 18, 18 rotate while maintaining a parallel state, and the lower table 3 connected to the brackets 18b, 18b is a pantograph. While rotating around one pivotal support position of the bracket 18a, it moves parallel to the base 2 and keeps both in parallel without any shape at the distance between them.
[0080]
The vertical springs 17 are arranged at one center on the plane of one of the base 2 and the lower table 3 or evenly on the plane, and one end is connected to either the base 2 or the lower table 3. The other end simply touches. When the lower end of the vertical spring 17 is fixed to the base 2 as shown in FIG. 16, the vertical spring 17 slides along the lower surface of the lower table 3 at the upper end to support the lower table 3 so that it can be raised and lowered. As the vertical spring 17, a disc spring, a ring spring, and a leaf spring are used in addition to a coil spring.
[0081]
18 to 23, a vertical vibration isolator 16 is connected to the base 2, and a horizontal spring 171 that exerts a restoring force in the horizontal direction while bearing a vertical load on the lower table 3 and a base 2 that rotates about a horizontal axis. An example of the case where the lower table 3 and the horizontal spring 171 are rotatably connected to the lower table 3 and the horizontal spring 171 so as to be rotatable around the horizontal axis, and the base 2 and the lower table 3 are always kept in parallel is shown. . 18 to 21 show the case where a coil spring is used as the horizontal spring 171, and FIGS. 22 and 23 show the case where a ring spring is used.
[0082]
In the case of claim 5, as shown in FIG. 19, the holding member 181 includes a plurality of holding members 181b pivotally supported by support members 181a and 181a that are fixed horizontally on the upper surface of the base 2, and a plurality of holding members 181b. It comprises a connecting member 181c that connects a plurality of holding members 181b and simultaneously rotates a plurality of holding members 181b when the lower table 3 is moved relative to the base 2, and the holding member 181b is supported between the support members 181a and 181a. While being supported by a shaft 181d and supported by a plate 181e fixed to the lower surface of the lower table 3 by a pin 181g or the like, it is supported by a connecting member 181f connected by a horizontal spring 171 by a pin 181h or the like. .
[0083]
As shown in FIG. 20, the support shaft 181d, which is the support position of the support material 181b to the support material 181a, and the pin 181g, which is the support position to the plate 181e, are not on the same vertical line, but only e in the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 21, the holding member 181b is always subjected to the moment M1 (= W · e) by the vertical load W of the lower table 3 shared by one holding member 181. The horizontal spring 171 connected to the holding member 181b resists and bears the vertical load W of the lower table 3.
[0084]
The moment M1 around the support shaft 181d is transmitted as a moment M2 to the connecting member 181f through the pin 181h. The distance between the support shaft 181d and the pin 181h is L, and the axial force acting on the connecting member 181f, that is, a horizontal spring Assuming that the axial force acting on 171 is H, since M2 = H · L and M2 = M1, the axial force H is H = W · e / L, and the horizontal spring 171 is e of the vertical load W. It is sufficient to bear a load of / L times. As shown in the figure, when horizontal springs 171 and 171 are connected to both sides of the connecting member 181f, the load on each horizontal spring 171 can be a load of H / 2.
[0085]
Here, assuming that the spring constant of the horizontal spring 171 is k and the extension or contraction of the horizontal spring 171 is x, H = k · x. Therefore, the horizontal spring 171 is normally pulled by a vertical load W, or It bears a compressive force H, equilibrates in an expanded or contracted state by x = e / kL · W, and bears a further tensile force or compressive force as the lower table 3 moves up and down. In the illustrated case, one horizontal spring 171 sandwiching the connecting member 181f bears a tensile force, and at the same time, the other horizontal spring 171 bears a compressive force.
[0086]
When a ring spring is used as the horizontal spring 171 as shown in FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, the effect of damping the vibration early when the vertical movement of the lower table 3 with respect to the base 2 is obtained due to the characteristics of the ring spring itself. Can do.
[0087]
As shown in FIG. 24, the ring spring has a shape in which inner rings A and outer rings B having different diameters are alternately overlapped in the axial direction, and a clearance is secured between the adjacent inner rings A and A and between the outer rings B and B. The inner ring A and the outer ring B adjacent to each other contact each other on a vertical surface or a contact surface inclined with respect to a horizontal plane.
[0088]
The ring spring is used in a state where the shaft is horizontal as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, and the vertical load W of the lower table 3 is compressed by the frictional force generated between the contact surfaces of the inner ring A and the outer ring B in normal times. And the inner ring A contracts in the circumferential direction, the outer ring B expands in the circumferential direction, and the inner ring A and the outer ring B are in a state of equilibrium with a certain amount of contraction and expansion.
[0089]
From the equilibrium state, the entire ring spring can bear a compressive force until the clearance between the adjacent inner rings A and A and the clearance between the outer rings B and B disappear, and the inner ring A can be contracted in the axial direction. It is possible to bear the tensile force until both contact surfaces of the outer ring B and the outer ring B are separated and to extend in the axial direction, so that the vibration in the vertical direction of the lower table 3 is in a range from the fully contracted state to the fully extended state. Cut off.
[0090]
As shown in FIG. 25, which is a hysteresis characteristic diagram of a ring spring, the ring spring is subjected to a compressive force until it is fully contracted, and a certain strain remains in the inner ring A and the outer ring B when the load is removed. Since only the load is reduced and then the inner ring A and the outer ring B return to the original shape, and the hysteresis curve draws a loop, in addition to the above-described function of vibration isolation, vibration energy is generated when the lower table 3 vibrates in the vertical direction. And also has a function of suppressing vertical shaking of the lower table 3 relative to the base 2.
[0091]
In FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, one horizontal spring 171 is connected to the connecting member 181f. In this case, the horizontal spring 171 is balanced in a state in which an axial force of H = W · e / L is normally applied. The vibration is suppressed while bearing further tensile force or compressive force with the vertical movement of the lower table 3.
[0092]
Since the inner ring and the outer ring of the ring spring are separated from each other, when the ring spring is used as the horizontal spring 171, the ring spring surrounds the whole and is inserted into the cylinder 171a with one end open, One end is connected to the closed end face of the cylinder 171a.
[0093]
A casing 171b that surrounds the cylinder 171a and is open at one end is mounted so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction on the open surface side of the cylinder 171a, and a shaft 171c fixed inside the casing 171b is connected to the other end of the ring spring. The A connecting member 181f is connected to the other end of the casing 171b so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis, and the casing 171b contracts the ring spring when receiving a compressive force from the connecting member 181f as shown in FIG.
[0094]
In FIGS. 22 and 23, in order to avoid a collision between the lower table 3 and the holding member 181 when the lower table 3 sinks greatly with respect to the base 2, a lower end portion of the plate 181e is provided below the plate 181e. A strut 181j that can come into contact is fixed to the base 2. A cushioning material 181k is attached to the upper end of the column 181j to mitigate the impact when the plate 181e contacts.
[0095]
Since the ring spring can only bear the tensile force from the equilibrium state until the contact surfaces of both the inner ring and the outer ring are separated, and the load of the tensile force is limited, in FIG. 22, when the lower table 3 is lowered, the horizontal spring The horizontal spring 171 is arranged on the side where the pin 181h of the holding member 181b approaches the horizontal spring 171 so that the 171 bears the compressive force.
[0096]
Further, as shown in FIG. 23, when the plate 181e comes into contact with the buffer material 181k on the support 181j and the horizontal spring 171 contracts most, the restoring force is a moment in a direction to return the holding material 181b to the state of FIG. In order to operate, the horizontal spring 171 is installed so that the support shaft 181d and the pin 181h and the pin 181i that connects the horizontal spring 171 and the connecting member 181f are in a state just before being arranged on the same line.
[0097]
In the case of FIG. 22, the horizontal spring 171 bears and balances with the compressive force due to the vertical load of the lower table 3, but when the lower table 3 sinks from this state, it generates a damping force while bearing further compressive force. The acceleration when the lower table 3 is lowered is reduced and the impact is alleviated.
[0098]
26 and 27, a shock absorber 21 is installed between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 to allow the upper table 4 to move vertically upward relative to the lower table 3 while reducing the impact during the relative movement. The situation of the case (Claim 7) is shown. Since the shock absorber 21 functions to allow the upper table 4 to move upward, the limiting device 11 in claim 6 is not used together.
[0099]
The shock absorber 21 includes a vertical spring 22 that exhibits a restoring force in the vertical direction, and holding members 23 and 23 that are fixed to the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 and hold both ends of the vertical spring 22 (Claim 8). A mandrel 24 fixed to one of the holding members 23 is inserted into the spring 22.
[0100]
When the vertical spring 22 is a coil spring, the mandrel 24 functions to prevent buckling at the time of compressive deformation due to lifting of the upper table 4 with respect to the lower table 3, and when using a ring spring as shown, the upper table 4 4 is used to dispose a locking member 24a to be described later for applying a compressive force to the ring spring.
[0101]
In the normal state, the upper table 4 is placed on the lower table 3 with the upper rotating body 8 interposed therebetween, so that the shock absorber 21 suppresses the lifting when the upper table 4 is lifted with respect to the lower table 3. It functions to alleviate impacts when lifted, or when lifted and after lifted. As the vertical spring 22, a disc spring or a ring spring as shown is used in addition to a coil spring. When a ring spring is used, the ring spring is disposed in the cylinder 22a.
[0102]
26, when holding members 23, 23 are fixed to the lower table 3 and the upper table 4, and a ring spring as a vertical spring 22 is arranged between the holding members 23, 23, FIG. This is a case where a ring spring as the vertical spring 22 is arranged on the holding member 23.
[0103]
In the case of FIG. 26, the mandrel 24 passes through the upper holding member 23 fixed to the upper table 4 and is locked downward to the upper holding member 23 at the upper end. The holding member 23 and the cylinder 22a fixed to the lower holding member 23 can be freely raised.
[0104]
In the case of FIG. 27, the upper end of a mandrel 24 that protrudes upward from the upper holding member 23 is connected to an engaging member 24a that engages the upper end of the vertical spring 22 when the upper table 4 is lifted. The cylinder 22a is fixed to the upper holding member 23.
[0105]
When a ring spring is used as the vertical spring 22, the ring spring can only bear the tensile force from the equilibrium state until the contact surfaces of both the inner ring and the outer ring are released, and there is a limit to the burden of the tensile force. Then, the lower end of the mandrel 24 faces upward at the lower end of the vertical spring 22 when the upper table 4 is lifted so that the compressive force acts on the vertical spring 22 even when the upper table 4 moves vertically upward (lifts). A locking member 24a to be locked is connected. The locking member 24a is separated from the lower holding member 23.
[0106]
At the upper end position of the vertical spring 22 around the mandrel 24, a locking member 24a is disposed to lock downward on the upper end of the vertical spring 22 when the upper table 4 is lifted, and the cylinder is fixed to the lower holding member 23 It is connected to the lower surface of the upper end of 22a.
[0107]
In the case of FIG. 26, when the upper table 4 is lifted, the lower locking member 24a is locked upward at the lower end of the vertical spring 22, so that the vertical spring 22 exerts a damping force while bearing a compressive force. appear. As the upper table 4 floats, the restoring force of the contracted vertical spring 22 acts downward on the upper table 4 through the lower locking member 24a, and acts on the lower table 3 upward through the upper locking member 24a. Therefore, the lifting of the upper table 4 is suppressed, and the impact at the time of lifting is also mitigated by the damping force generated by the vertical spring 22.
[0108]
Although not shown, when a coil spring is used for the vertical spring 22, in order to mitigate an impact caused by contact with the lower table 3 (upper rotating body 8) when the upper table 4 is lifted and then returned (Claim 9). ), The vertical spring 22 contracts in the axial direction in the normal state, and the restoring force due to the compression is placed on the upper table 4 in the vertical upward direction.
[0109]
When a ring spring is used, the upper table 4 is lifted up only by using the ring spring as the vertical spring 22 because the ring spring is already contracted by being locked to the locking member 24a at the upper end and the lower end in normal times. Later, the impact when descending can be mitigated.
[0110]
In claim 9, when a coil spring is used for the vertical spring 22, the vertical spring 22 tends to contract after the upper table 4 is lifted, but the lower surface (groove 4 b) of the upper table 4 contacts the upper rotating body 8. Since the vertical spring 22 exhibits an upward restoring force before, the impact caused by the collision with the upper rotating body 8 when the upper table 4 contacts the upper rotating body 8 is alleviated. When the upper table 4 is lifted and after the shock is lifted, the vertical vibration generated in the lower table 3 is blocked.
[0111]
Also in the case of FIG. 27, the mandrel 24 penetrates the upper holding member 23 fixed to the upper table 4, and the upper holding member 23 is in a state where it can freely move up and down with respect to the mandrel 24, and the upper table 4 is lifted up. When generated, the vertical spring 22 contracts, and after the contraction, the restoring force when trying to extend acts downward on the upper table 4 through the upper holding member 23, while suppressing the lifting of the upper table 4, Relieves shock when lifting.
[0112]
Although not shown, when the coil spring as the vertical spring 22 is arranged on the upper holding member 23 as shown in FIG. 27, the lower table when the upper table 4 returns after the vertical upward relative movement (lifts). 3 (Claim 9), the vertical spring 22 extends in the axial direction in a normal state, and the restoring force by tension is applied to the upper table 4 through the upper holding member 23. It is placed in a state of acting vertically upward.
[0113]
When a ring spring is used, the ring spring is used as a vertical spring 22 because the ring spring is already contracted by being locked to the locking member 24a at the upper end and locked to the lower holding member 23 at the lower end. It is possible to alleviate the impact when descending after the upper table 4 is lifted only by using.
[0114]
In FIG. 27, when the impact due to the contact with the upper rotating body 8 of the lower table 3 when returning is recovered after the upper table 4 is lifted (Claim 9), the vertical spring 22 tries to extend after the upper table 4 is lifted. However, since the vertical spring 22 exerts an upward restoring force before the lower surface (groove 4b) of the upper table 4 contacts the upper rotating body 8, the upper rotation when the upper table 4 contacts the upper rotating body 8 is achieved. The impact caused by the collision with the body 8 is reduced. When the upper table 4 is lifted and after the shock is lifted, the vertical vibration generated in the lower table 3 is blocked.
[0115]
26 and 27, the shock absorber 21 is arranged around (outside) between the lower table 3 and the upper table 4, but the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 are not affected by interference with the springs 5 and 6. There are also cases where it is placed inside other than the surroundings.
[0116]
When a set horizontal force (acceleration) such as micro vibration does not act on the base 2 as shown in FIG. 33 on either the base 2 or the lower table 3 and either the lower table 3 or the upper table 4 The lower table 3 does not move relative to the base 2 and the upper table 4 does not move relative to the lower table 3 randomly. When the set horizontal force is applied, the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 freely move relative to each other. A stopper 25 that engages the other is protruded so as to be movable.
[0117]
For example, the stopper 25 is urged from one of the base 2 (lower table 3) and the lower table 3 (upper table 4) to the other side by a spring 26 and protrudes in a state of being fitted in a groove 28 formed on the other side. Established.
[0118]
In FIG. 33, in order to make the stopper 25 and the spring 26 into parts, the spring 26 and the stopper 25 are built in a cylindrical case 27, and the case 27 is embedded in the base 2 (lower table 3). In FIG. 33, a spherical body is used for the stopper 25 and the groove 28 is formed in a conical shape so that the stopper 25 can be detached from the groove 28 without resistance when the lower table 3 (upper table 4) is relatively moved.
[0119]
When the stopper 25 is separated from the groove 28 by the horizontal force acting on the structure, the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 try to stay in the original position by the seismic isolation device 1, and the base 2 moves with the deformation of the structure, respectively. Move relative to the lower table 3. The springs 5 and 6 extend while rotating according to the relative movement amounts of the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 with respect to the base 2 and the lower table 3.
[0120]
While the vibration is repeated, the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 reciprocate in the positive and negative directions with respect to the original positions with respect to the base 2 and the lower table 3, and the springs 5 and 6 are repeatedly expanded and contracted.
[0121]
After the base 2 and the lower table 3 are stationary, the lower table 3 and the upper table 4 try to return to the direction in which the relative displacement with respect to the base 2 and the lower table 3 is eliminated by the restoring force of the springs 5 and 6, and the springs 5 and 6 themselves. Due to the damping effect, the amplitude decreases early and stops.
[0122]
【The invention's effect】
A base, a lower table supported on the base so as to be movable relative to the base in one horizontal direction, and a lower table supported on the lower table so as to be relatively movable in a horizontal direction intersecting the one direction with respect to the lower table. The upper table to be supported is a basic element, and when the vibration such as an earthquake occurs, the lower table is linearly moved in one horizontal direction with respect to the base, and the upper table is moved in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction with respect to the lower table. In order to construct a spring that stretches and exerts a restoring force when relative movement occurs between the base and the lower table and between the lower table and the upper table after linear movement, a guide bar, a slider, Without the use of pulleys and wires, the coil spring has a sine curve relationship between the amount of deformation and the restoring force, and the function without the natural frequency of the spring is achieved. While out, it is possible to simplify the structure of the whole isolator.
[0123]
While the upper table is movable relative to the base in any direction, the movement of the end of the upper table side of the spring laid between the upper table and the lower table is restricted by linear motion, Since the movement of the end of the lower table side of the spring installed between the base and the base is also restricted to linear motion, the relationship between the amount of deformation of the spring and the restoring force becomes a sine curve, and the lower table and the base, and The relative movement between the upper table and the lower table can be terminated early.
[0124]
At the same time, the movement of one end of the spring is restricted to a linear motion, so that the spring does not have a natural frequency, so that the vibration of the lower table or the upper table is not amplified.
[0125]
The spring exerts a restoring force according to the extension amount, and tries to return the lower table and the upper table that have moved relative to each other to the original position. By extending while rotating around, the restoring force of the spring becomes smaller according to the sine curve as the lower table and the upper table approach the original position when the lower table and the upper table are returned.
[0126]
As a result, the acceleration of the lower table and the upper table is reduced when the lower table and the upper table that are going to return to the original position exceed the original position due to the restoring force of the spring, and further when moving in the opposite direction to the relative movement. Therefore, the lower table and the upper table can be stopped after repeating vibration with a small amplitude with respect to the base near the original position.
[0127]
Also, since the restoring force of the spring acts directly on the lower table and the upper table, it depends on the frictional force such as when the slider is circumscribed by the guide bar or when the wire connected to the slider is stretched via the pulley. Since the loss of force is small, the restoring force of the spring can be effectively exhibited and transmitted to the lower table and the upper table without loss.
[0128]
As described above, the restoring force acting on the lower table and the upper table suddenly approaches 0 near the original position so that the lower table and the upper table moved relative to each other return to the original position, and the lower table and the upper table are braked. Therefore, there is no need to use a special damper for vibration suppression in the seismic isolation device.
[0129]
In claim 2, a cylindrical lower rotating body that supports the lower table so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction is interposed between the base and the lower table so that the shaft is horizontally oriented, and the upper table is interposed between the lower table and the upper table. A cylindrical upper rotating body that supports the table so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction is interposed with the axis oriented horizontally, so that it is possible to cause relative movement without friction due to the occurrence of vibration. The load which one support body bears can be reduced, and the number of support bodies can be reduced.
[0130]
In Claims 3 to 5, since a vertical vibration isolating device is provided between the opposing surfaces of the base and the lower table to allow vertical relative movement between the two and to block vertical vibrations generated in the base, Vertical vibrations acting on the device can be blocked.
[0131]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a limiting device is provided around the space between the lower table and the upper table to limit the amount of vertical upward relative movement of the upper table with respect to the lower table. The amount of relative movement can be limited to prevent the upper table from being detached from the lower table.
[0132]
In Claims 7 and 8, a shock absorber is installed between the lower table and the upper table to reduce the impact during the relative movement while allowing the upper table to move vertically relative to the lower table. It is possible to mitigate the impact when relative movement occurs.
[0133]
According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the normal state in which the upper table is not lifted up, the restoring force of the vertical spring is maintained in a state of acting vertically upward on the upper table, so that the impact when the upper table is lifted and after the lift is reduced. Therefore, vertical vibrations can be blocked.
[0134]
Further, in the eighth and ninth aspects, since there is a holding material for holding the vertical spring, a certain amount of relative upward movement between the lower table and the upper table is allowed, and a relative movement exceeding a certain amount is allowed. The amount can also be limited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a seismic isolation device.
2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an elevational view taken along line xx of FIG.
4 is an elevational view taken along line yy of FIG.
5A is a longitudinal sectional view showing a relationship between a lower rotating body (upper rotating body) and a plate, and FIG. 5B is a longitudinal sectional view in a direction orthogonal to (a).
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of a base.
7 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of a lower table corresponding to the base of FIG. 6. FIG.
8 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of an upper table corresponding to the lower table of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a state in which the lower table and the upper table are moved relative to the base and the lower table, respectively.
10 is a perspective view of FIG. 9. FIG.
11 is a plan view illustrating a state in which the upper table of FIG. 9 is omitted. FIG.
12 is a plan view of FIG. 11. FIG.
13 is an enlarged view of FIG.
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of FIG.
15A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line zz of FIG. 9, and FIG. 15B is an enlarged view of a broken-line circle portion of FIG. 9A.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a state in which a vertical vibration isolating device using a vertical spring is installed between the base and the lower table.
FIG. 17 is an elevation view showing a state in which the base and the lower table of FIG. 16 are combined.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a state in which a vertical vibration isolator using a horizontal spring is installed between the base and the lower table.
19 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
20 is an elevational view of FIG.
21 is an elevational view showing a state when the vertical vibration isolator of FIG. 18 bears the vertical load of the lower table.
FIG. 22 is an elevational view showing a state in which a vertical vibration isolator using another horizontal spring is installed between the base and the lower table.
23 is an elevational view showing a state in which the horizontal spring of the vertical vibration isolator of FIG. 22 is contracted.
FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a ring spring.
FIG. 25 is a restoring force characteristic diagram showing a compression force-contraction relationship of a ring spring.
FIG. 26 is an elevational view showing a configuration example and a mounting example of the shock absorber.
FIG. 27 is an elevational view showing another configuration example and attachment example of the shock absorber.
FIG. 28 is a plan view showing the relationship between the extension accompanied by the rotation of the spring and the lower table.
FIG. 29 is a graph showing the relationship between the restoring force of the lower table and the horizontal displacement when the lower table is regarded as a spring.
FIG. 30 is a graph showing the relationship between the acceleration of the lower table and the horizontal displacement.
FIG. 31 is a graph showing the relationship between the spring constant of the lower table and the horizontal displacement.
FIG. 32 is a graph showing the relationship between the natural frequency of the lower table and the horizontal displacement.
FIG. 33 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of a stopper and a state in which the stopper is attached to a base and a lower table.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Seismic isolation device, 2 ... base, 2a ... groove, 201 ... track frame, 202 ... orthogonal frame, 3 ... lower table, 3a ... groove, 31 ... track frame, 3b ... groove 32 …… Track frame, 4 …… Upper table, 4b …… Groove, 41 …… Track frame, 41a …… Groove, 42 …… Orthogonal frame, 5, 6… Spring, 7 …… Lower rotating body, 8 ...... Upper rotator, 9 ... Plate, 9a ...... Opening, 10 ... Plate, 10a ... Opening, 11 ... Limiting device, 11a ... Enveloping part, 11b ... Pressing part, 11c ... Groove, 12 …… Rotating body, 13 …… Plate, 13a …… Open, 14 …… Metal plate, 15 …… Plate spring, 16 …… Vertical vibration isolator, 17 …… Vertical spring, 171 …… Horizontal spring, 171a …… Cylinder, 171b ... Casing, 171c ... Shaft, 18 ... Holding member, 18a ... Bar, 18b ... Bracket, 181 ... Holding member, 181a ... Support material, 181b ... Holding material, 181c ... Connecting member, 181d ... support shaft, 181e ... Plate, 181f …… Connecting material, 181g …… Pin, 181h …… Pin, 181i …… Pin, 181j …… Stand, 181k …… Buffer material, 19 …… Plate, 20 …… Plate, 21 …… Buffer device, 22: Vertical spring, 22a: Cylinder, 23: Holding material, 24: Mandrel, 25 ... Stopper, 26 ... Spring, 27 ... Case, 28 ... Groove.

Claims (9)

A base, a lower table supported on the base so as to be movable relative to the base in one horizontal direction, and a lower table supported on the lower table so as to be relatively movable in a horizontal direction intersecting the one direction with respect to the lower table. It is installed in the direction crossing the relative movement direction between the supported upper table, base and lower table, and between lower table and upper table, and stretches and restores when relative movement occurs between them. Composed of springs that demonstrate
The base, the lower table and the upper table are arranged in three layers,
A lower support body is interposed between the base and the lower table to support the lower table so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction.
Between the lower table and the upper table, there is an upper support that supports the upper table so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction,
The base has at least two parallel track frames for disposing the lower support in the horizontal direction;
The lower table has at least two parallel track frames for arranging the lower support body in the horizontal one direction, and at least two for arranging the upper support body in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction. Parallel track frames,
The upper table has at least two parallel track frames for arranging the upper support body in a horizontal direction intersecting the one direction;
The spring between the base and the lower table is between the track frame of the base and the track frame of the lower table opposite to the base, in a direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the base and the lower table, and in a horizontal plane. In contrast ,
The spring between the lower table and the upper table is between the track frame of the lower table and the track frame of the upper table opposite thereto , on a plane, in a direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the lower table and the upper table, In addition, a seismic isolation device with a linear motion type restoration function, wherein the seismic isolation device is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane .   As the lower support body between the base and the lower table, a cylindrical lower rotating body that supports the lower table so as to be relatively movable in one horizontal direction is interposed with the axis horizontally, and the lower table is interposed between the lower table and the upper table. The linear motion type restoring function according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical upper rotating body that supports the upper table so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction intersecting the one direction is interposed as the upper support body with the axis oriented horizontally. Seismic isolation device.   3. A vertical vibration isolating device is provided between the opposing surfaces of the base and the lower table, wherein a vertical vibration isolating device for allowing vertical relative movement between the two and isolating vertical vibrations occurring in the base is interposed. Seismic isolation device with linear motion type restoration function.   The vertical vibration isolator is connected to either the base or the lower table, and bears the vertical load of the lower table while exerting a restoring force in the vertical direction. 4. The seismic isolation device with a linear motion restoring function according to claim 3, comprising a holding member that is rotatably connected and keeps the base and the lower table in parallel.   The vertical vibration isolator is connected to the base and bears the vertical load of the lower table while exerting a restoring force in the horizontal direction, and the lower table and the horizontal spring while being supported rotatably around the horizontal axis on the base. 4. A seismic isolation device with a linear motion restoring function according to claim 3, further comprising a holding member that is rotatably connected to a horizontal axis and that keeps the base and the lower table in parallel.   6. The exemption with linear motion type restoration function according to claim 1, wherein a limiting device is provided between the lower table and the upper table to limit a vertical upward relative movement amount of the upper table with respect to the lower table. Seismic device.   The straight line according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a shock absorber is provided between the lower table and the upper table to reduce a shock during the relative movement while allowing a vertical upward relative movement of the upper table with respect to the lower table. Seismic isolation device with motion-type restoration function.   8. The seismic isolation device with a linear motion restoring function according to claim 7, wherein the shock absorber comprises a vertical spring that exhibits a restoring force in the vertical direction, and a holding member that is fixed to the lower table and the upper table and holds the vertical spring.   The seismic isolation device with a linear motion type restoring function according to claim 8, wherein the restoring force of the vertical spring is acting vertically upward on the upper table in a normal state where no vertical upward relative movement has occurred in the upper table.

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