JP3868290B2 - Gas-liquid contact device and spray nozzle for gas-liquid contact device - Google Patents

Gas-liquid contact device and spray nozzle for gas-liquid contact device Download PDF

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JP3868290B2
JP3868290B2 JP2001393384A JP2001393384A JP3868290B2 JP 3868290 B2 JP3868290 B2 JP 3868290B2 JP 2001393384 A JP2001393384 A JP 2001393384A JP 2001393384 A JP2001393384 A JP 2001393384A JP 3868290 B2 JP3868290 B2 JP 3868290B2
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gas
spray nozzle
liquid
liquid contact
contact device
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JP2002224526A (en
Inventor
繁夫 長谷川
直彦 鵜川
徹 高品
幸雄 喜多
浩一郎 岩下
功祐 山下
平治 田中
耕治 生田
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は湿式排煙脱硫装置に用いられる気液接触装置であって、高価な材質を使用することなくスプレーノズルの耐摩耗性などの向上が図られ、高い信頼性と経済性が実現された気液接触装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、排煙脱硫装置としては、吸収剤スラリに排煙中の亜硫酸ガスを吸収させて除去する湿式のものが広く普及しているが、この種の脱硫装置では排煙に吸収剤スラリを効率よく接触させることが重要となる。このため出願人は実開昭59−53828号公報に示されるように、気体が流通する塔本体内でスラリ溶液を上方に向って吐出させる構成とすることにより、気液接触効率の向上、必要容積の低減及び構造の簡素化などを実現した気液接触装置を提案した。図3はこの気液接触装置を使用した排煙脱硫装置の構成例(要部のみ)を示している。
【0003】
この排煙脱硫装置は吸収塔1の底部に形成され、図示省略したスラリ供給系により例えば石灰石よりなる吸収剤スラリSが供給されるタンク2と、このタンク2内のスラリを吸収塔1の上部に形成された塔本体3に送って排煙と接触させるための循環ポンプ4と、タンク2の天井に回転軸5により支持され、モータ6により駆動されてスラリS内において水平回転する攪拌棒7とを備えている。吸収塔1の塔本体3の上部とタンク2の端部上面とには、排煙の入口または出口となるダクト8またはダクト9がそれぞれ設けられ、これによりタンク2内液面上を経由して塔本体3内を排煙が流通するようになっている。
【0004】
そして、塔本体3内には、循環ポンプ4の吐出側に接続されたヘッダパイプ10が配設され、このヘッダパイプ10に吸収剤スラリSを上方に向って液柱状に吐出するスプレーノズル11が複数形成され、これにより吸収剤スラリSを排煙に効率よく接触させる気液接触装置が構成されている。なお上記脱硫装置における気液接触装置のヘッダパイプ10は通常複数本設けられるが、必ずしも同一平面上に配置されない。また、従来スプレーノズル11の液入口部は鋭角な角部を有する形状であった。さらにスプレーノズル11の材質としては吸収剤スラリSの液柱高さが1m以下で吸収剤スラリS中の石膏濃度が15%以下の場合にはFRPが使用され、これ以上の厳しい条件においては、硬度が高く耐摩耗性に優れた金属材料あるいはアルミナ、ジルコニア、タングステンカーバイド、炭化ケイ素などのセラミックが通常用いられていた。
【0005】
この装置では、例えばダクト8から未処理排煙を導き、循環ポンプ4によりスプレーノズル11から噴射した吸収剤スラリSに接触させて、未処理排煙中の亜硫酸ガスを吸収除去し、ダクト9から処理済排煙として排出させる。スプレーノズル11から噴射され亜硫酸ガスを吸収しつつ流下する吸収剤スラリSはタンク2内において攪拌棒7により攪拌されつつ、図示省略した空気供給手段により発生した多数の気泡と接触して酸化され、この場合石膏(副生品)となって取り出される。
【0006】
この際、スプレーノズル11から噴射される吸収剤スラリSは液柱状となって上方に噴き上がり、吹上げ頂部で分散し降下する。降下する吸収剤スラリSと噴き上がる吸収剤スラリSとは相互に衝突して微細な粒子状になるので、充填式吸収塔などに比較して構造が簡単でありながら単位体積当たりの気液接触面積が大きくなる。また、ノズル近傍で排煙が吸収剤スラリSの噴き上で流れに効果的に巻き込まれるので、吸収剤スラリと排煙とは効果的に混合し、この効果によっても気液接触効率が高くなり、高い脱硫率での排煙浄化が小容積かつ簡素な吸収塔1で可能となる。また、循環ポンプ4の吐出圧力などの設定により、スプレーノズル11から噴射される吸収剤スラリSの液柱高さを調整することで、気液接触効率ひいては脱硫率などを効果的に変化させることができる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記従来の気液接触装置では、吸収剤スラリSの液柱高さ及び吸収剤スラリS中の石膏濃度が高いなどの条件によっては、摩耗などによる信頼性の低下を防止するために、スプレーノズル11の材料費、製造費さらには組付けコストが高くなり、経済性を阻害するという問題があった。すなわち、吸収剤スラリSの液柱高さが1mを超えるか、あるいは吸収剤スラリS中の石膏濃度が15%を超える場合には、従来スプレーノズル11の材質として、硬度が高く耐摩耗性に優れた金属材料やセラミックなどの高価な材質が通常用いられ、材料費、製造費がかかっていた。特に、耐食性が要求される場合にはセラミックを使用する必要があり、耐衝撃性を確保するため特殊な取付け構造とする必要が生じていた。
【0008】
というのは、石炭焚きボイラなどの脱硫装置の場合、定常運転状態においては、反応生成物の亜硫酸カルシウム、硫酸カルシウム(石膏)、フライアッシュ(石炭灰)、石炭中に含まれる砂粒などの固形分が吸収剤スラリS中に存在する。そして、これら固形分が、液中高さが高ければ高いほど、激しくスプレーノズル11内を通過するため、耐摩耗性の低いFRPでは短時間で摩耗してしまう。また、石炭焚きボイラなどの脱硫装置の場合、吸収剤スラリS中に塩素イオンが存在することになるため、この塩素イオン濃度によっては、ステンレス鋼では孔食またはデポジットアタックなどの腐食が生じる。そして、このような腐食に耐え得る材質として、ニッケル系合金またはチタン系合金があるが、これら合金はステンレス鋼に比べ硬度が低く耐摩耗性に劣るわりに価格が高い。
【0009】
そこで、このように高い耐摩耗性と耐食性とが要求される場合には、従来セラミックがスプレーノズル11の材質として使用されていた。しかしセラミックは、成形が難しいので製造費用が高くなり、しかも耐衝撃性に劣り重いので、スプレーノズル11をヘッダパイプ10に取付ける際に壊しやすく、またその支持構造を衝撃が伝わらないような特殊な構造にしなければならなかった。
【0010】
そこで、本発明は耐摩耗性、耐食性、耐衝撃性に優れ軽量かつ安価なスプレーノズルを備えて、信頼性及び経済性に優れる湿式排煙脱硫装置用の気液接触装置を提供することを目的としている。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、請求項1記載の気液接触装置は、気体が流通する塔本体内部に、スラリ溶液を上方に向かって吐出するスプレーノズルを配設してなる湿式排煙脱硫装置用の気液接触装置において、前記スプレーノズルの液入口部の形状を該スプレーノズルの液吐出口径の0.2倍以上の曲率半径を有するベル状とするとともに、前記スプレーノズルの材質をJIS−A硬度が50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムまたは平均分子量1000000〜4000000のポリエチレンとしたことを特徴とする。
【0012】
また、請求項2記載の気液接触装置用スプレーノズルは、液入口部の形状を液吐出口径の0.2倍以上の曲率半径を有するベル状とするとともに、材質をJIS−A硬度が50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムまたは平均分子量1000000〜4000000のポリエチレンとしたことを特徴とする
【0013】
【作用】
本発明では、スプレーノズルの液入口部の形状を該スプレーノズルの液吐出口径の0.2倍以上の曲率半径を有するベル状としている。このため、スプレーノズルの液流入口及び吐出口におけるスラリ溶液の乱れを防止し、スプレーノズルの材質にかかわらず気泡発生による摩耗あるいはキャビテーションによる摩耗が抑制される。
【0014】
また、スプレーノズルの材質をJIS−A硬度が50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムまたは平均分子量1000000〜4000000のポリエチレンとした場合には、耐摩耗性、耐食性、耐衝撃性に優れ軽量で安価なスプレーノズルとなる。なお、JIS−A硬度で50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムが耐摩耗性に優れているのは、ゴム弾性によるエネルギ吸収効果によるものと考えられる。また、平均分子量1000000〜4000000のポリエチレンが耐摩耗性に優れているのは機械的性質が優れていることと摩擦抵抗が小さいためと考えられる。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、具体的な実施例により、本発明装置の効果を一層明らかにする。
【0016】
(第1実施例)
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。まず、第1実施例の気液接触装置を使用した脱硫装置について図1,図2により説明する。なお、この実施例の脱硫装置はスプレーノズル20の形状に特徴を有し、その他の構成は図3に示す従来の脱硫装置と同様であるので、同様な構成要素には同符号を用いてその説明を省略する。
【0017】
スプレーノズル20は図2に示すように、塔本体3内のヘッダパイプ10の上面に直付けされて複数立設された筒状のもので、図1の如く基端側の液入口部21の形状が液吐出口径d(通常50mm程度)の0.2〜0.1倍の曲率半径Rを有するベル状とされている。そして、この場合スプレーノズル20はFRPにより製作されている。
【0018】
上記脱硫装置では、例えばダクト8から未処理排煙を導き、循環ポンプ4によりスプレーノズル20から噴射した吸収剤スラリSに接触させて、未処理排煙中の亜硫酸ガスを吸収除去し、ダクト9から処理済排煙として排出させることにより、従来同様に高い脱硫率での排煙浄化が小容積かつ簡素な吸収塔1で可能となる。そしてこの際、スプレーノズル20の液入口部21(図2参照)が液吐出口径dの0.2倍以上の曲率半径Rを有するベル状となっているため、スプレーノズル20の液流入口及び吐出口におけるスラリ溶液Sの乱れが防止され、スプレーノズル20の材質にかかわらず気泡発生による摩耗あるいはキャビテーションによる摩耗が抑制される。したがって、FRPのような安価かつ軽量で耐衝撃性のある材質を使用しても、耐摩耗性を確保することができ、気液接触装置ひいては脱硫装置の経済性及び信頼性を向上させることができる。
【0019】
以下の表1は上記実施例の構成において、石膏濃度20wt%の吸収剤スラリSを、吐出口での流速が15m/sになるように調節した条件下で、FRPのスプレーノズル20からスプレーし、連続6か月間運転後、スプレーノズル20の摩耗状態を調べた試験結果(供試体:No.2〜8)を、従来のスプレーノズルで同条件で試験した結果(供試体:No.1)と比較して表示したものである。液入口部を液吐出口径の0.2倍以上の曲率半径Rを有するベル状としたこの実施例の場合には、液入口部と液吐出口とでほとんど摩耗量に差がなく、平均的に約12mm摩耗していた。これに対し、従来の形状のスプレーノズルでは全体的に15〜16mm程度激しく摩耗しており、特に液入口部近傍で摩耗が激しく、肉厚20mmのスプレーノズルに貫通孔が生じている箇所が認められた。
【0020】
【表1】

Figure 0003868290
【0021】
(第2実施例)
次に、第2実施例の気液接触装置を使用した脱硫装置について説明する。この実施例の脱硫装置はスプレーノズル20の材質をJIS−A硬度が50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムまたは平均分子量1000000〜4000000の超高分子量ポリエチレンとしたもので、その他の構成は上述した第1実施例の脱硫装置と同様である。このように材質を選定すると、上記材料自体の特性から、耐食性、耐衝撃性に優れ軽量で安価なスプレーノズルとなるとともに、下記表2の試験結果に示すように優れた耐摩耗性をも得られる。したがって、耐摩耗性、耐食性の点でセラミック製スプレーノズルと同様な信頼性を有しながら、支持構造が簡単(直付け可)で取付け作業がしやすく成形も安易なスプレーノズルとなり、高い経済性を実現しつつ気液接触装置の信頼性が格段に向上する効果がある。
【0022】
以下の表2は実施例1の表1の試験と同様の条件下で、上記材質のスプレーノズル20からスプレーし、連続6か月間運転後、スプレーノズル20の摩耗状態を調べた試験結果(供試体:No.1〜10)を表示したものである。ポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムの場合も、また超高分子量ポリエチレンの場合も、摩耗量は0.2mm以下であり、格段に耐摩耗性が向上するのが実証されている。表1と表2の対比より、JIS−A硬度が50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムまたは平均分子量1000000〜4000000の超高分子量ポリエチレンがFRPよりも耐食性、耐衝撃性に優れていることが明らかである。
【0023】
【表2】
Figure 0003868290
【0024】
なお、本発明の気液接触装置は、上記のようなタンク酸化方式の湿式排煙脱硫装置における吸収塔の構成として適用される場合に限らず、スラリ溶液と気体とを効率よく接触させる必要のある工程であれば各種の分野に適用できることはいうまでもない。また、湿式排煙脱硫装置における吸収塔の構成として適用される場合でも、各種態様があり得る。例えば、煙突と吸収塔とを一体化させた煙突組込式の簡易脱硫装置に対しても適用でき、その経済性及び信頼性の向上を実現できることはいうまでもない。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、スプレーノズルの液入口部が液吐出口径の0.2倍以上の曲率半径Rを有するベル状となっているため、スプレーノズルの液流入口及び吐出口におけるスラリ溶液Sの乱れが防止され、スプレーノズルの材質にかかわらず気泡発生による摩耗あるいはキャビテーションによる摩耗が抑制される。したがって、FRPのような安価かつ軽量で耐衝撃性のある材質を使用しても、耐摩耗性を確保することができ、気液接触装置ひいては脱硫装置の経済性及び信頼性を向上させることができる。
【0026】
また、スプレーノズルの材質を、JIS−A硬度が50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムまたは平均分子量1000000〜4000000の超高分子量ポリエチレンとした場合には、材料自体の特性から、耐食性、耐衝撃性に優れ軽量で安価なスプレーノズルとなるとともに、優れた耐摩耗性をも得られる。したがって、耐摩耗性、耐食性の点でセラミック製スプレーノズルと同様な信頼性を有しながら、支持構造が簡単(直付け可)で取付け作業がしやすく成形も容易なスプレーノズルとなり、やはり高い経済性を実現しつつ気液接触装置の信頼性が格段に向上する効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施例である気液接触装置の要部を示す側断面図。
【図2】本発明の一実施例である気液接触装置を使用した排煙脱硫装置の要部を示す説明図。
【図3】従来の気液接触装置を使用した排煙脱硫装置の要部を示す説明図。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention is a gas-liquid contact device used in a wet flue gas desulfurization device, which improves the wear resistance of the spray nozzle without using an expensive material, and realizes high reliability and economy. The present invention relates to a gas-liquid contact device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as a flue gas desulfurization device, a wet type that absorbs and removes sulfurous acid gas in the flue gas by absorbing it is widely spread, but this type of desulfurization device efficiently uses the absorbent slurry for flue gas. Good contact is important. For this reason, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-53828, the applicant is required to improve the gas-liquid contact efficiency by discharging the slurry solution upward in the tower body through which the gas flows. A gas-liquid contact device with reduced volume and simplified structure was proposed. FIG. 3 shows a configuration example (only a main part) of a flue gas desulfurization apparatus using this gas-liquid contact apparatus.
[0003]
This flue gas desulfurization device is formed at the bottom of the absorption tower 1, and a tank 2 to which an absorbent slurry S made of, for example, limestone is supplied by a slurry supply system (not shown), and the slurry in the tank 2 is removed from the top of the absorption tower 1. And a stirring pump 7 that is supported by a rotating shaft 5 on the ceiling of the tank 2 and is driven by a motor 6 to rotate horizontally in the slurry S. And. The upper part of the tower body 3 of the absorption tower 1 and the upper surface of the end of the tank 2 are respectively provided with ducts 8 or 9 that serve as inlets or outlets for the flue gas, thereby passing through the liquid level in the tank 2. Smoke is circulated in the tower body 3.
[0004]
A header pipe 10 connected to the discharge side of the circulation pump 4 is disposed in the tower body 3, and a spray nozzle 11 that discharges the absorbent slurry S upward in a liquid column shape to the header pipe 10. A plurality of gas-liquid contact devices that efficiently make the absorbent slurry S come into contact with the flue gas are formed. Although a plurality of header pipes 10 of the gas-liquid contact device in the desulfurization device are usually provided, they are not necessarily arranged on the same plane. Further, the liquid inlet portion of the conventional spray nozzle 11 has a shape having acute corners. Furthermore, as a material of the spray nozzle 11, FRP is used when the liquid column height of the absorbent slurry S is 1 m or less and the gypsum concentration in the absorbent slurry S is 15% or less. Under severe conditions, Metal materials having high hardness and excellent wear resistance or ceramics such as alumina, zirconia, tungsten carbide and silicon carbide have been usually used.
[0005]
In this apparatus, for example, untreated flue gas is guided from the duct 8 and brought into contact with the absorbent slurry S injected from the spray nozzle 11 by the circulation pump 4 to absorb and remove the sulfurous acid gas in the untreated flue gas. Discharge as treated smoke. The absorbent slurry S sprayed from the spray nozzle 11 and flowing down while absorbing the sulfurous acid gas is oxidized in contact with a number of bubbles generated by an air supply means (not shown) while being stirred in the tank 2 by the stirring rod 7. In this case, gypsum (by-product) is taken out.
[0006]
At this time, the absorbent slurry S sprayed from the spray nozzle 11 is in the form of a liquid column and sprays upward, and is dispersed and descends at the top of the spray. The descending absorbent slurry S and the ejected absorbent slurry S collide with each other to form fine particles. Therefore, the structure is simpler than that of a packed absorption tower, but the gas-liquid contact per unit volume Increases area. In addition, since the smoke is effectively caught in the flow on the jet of the absorbent slurry S near the nozzle, the absorbent slurry and the smoke are effectively mixed, and this effect also increases the gas-liquid contact efficiency. The flue gas purification at a high desulfurization rate is possible with the simple absorption tower 1 having a small volume. Further, by adjusting the liquid column height of the absorbent slurry S injected from the spray nozzle 11 by setting the discharge pressure of the circulation pump 4 and the like, the gas-liquid contact efficiency and thus the desulfurization rate can be effectively changed. Can do.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the conventional gas-liquid contact device, depending on conditions such as the liquid column height of the absorbent slurry S and the gypsum concentration in the absorbent slurry S being high, in order to prevent a decrease in reliability due to wear, There was a problem that the material cost, the manufacturing cost, and the assembly cost of the spray nozzle 11 increased, and the economic efficiency was hindered. That is, when the liquid column height of the absorbent slurry S exceeds 1 m or the gypsum concentration in the absorbent slurry S exceeds 15%, the material of the conventional spray nozzle 11 has high hardness and high wear resistance. High-priced materials such as excellent metal materials and ceramics are usually used, and material costs and manufacturing costs are high. In particular, when corrosion resistance is required, ceramic must be used, and a special mounting structure has been required to ensure impact resistance.
[0008]
This is because, in the case of desulfurization equipment such as coal-fired boilers, the solid content of the reaction products such as calcium sulfite, calcium sulfate (gypsum), fly ash (coal ash), and sand particles contained in the coal in the steady operation state. Is present in the absorbent slurry S. And since these solid content will pass the inside of the spray nozzle 11 violently, so that the height in liquid is high, it will be worn out in a short time in FRP with low abrasion resistance. Further, in the case of a desulfurization apparatus such as a coal fired boiler, chlorine ions are present in the absorbent slurry S, and depending on the chlorine ion concentration, corrosion such as pitting corrosion or deposit attack occurs in stainless steel. As materials that can withstand such corrosion, there are nickel-based alloys and titanium-based alloys, but these alloys have lower hardness and lower wear resistance than stainless steel, but are expensive.
[0009]
Therefore, when such high wear resistance and corrosion resistance are required, ceramic has been conventionally used as the material of the spray nozzle 11. However, since ceramic is difficult to mold, the manufacturing cost is high, and the impact resistance is inferior and heavy. Therefore, when the spray nozzle 11 is attached to the header pipe 10, it is easy to break, and the support structure does not transmit impact. It had to be a structure.
[0010]
Therefore, the present invention has an object to provide a gas-liquid contact apparatus for a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus that is provided with a lightweight and inexpensive spray nozzle that is excellent in wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and impact resistance, and that is excellent in reliability and economy. It is said.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the gas-liquid contact apparatus comprising, inside the tower body gas flows, a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus formed by disposing a Supurenozu Le for discharging toward scan slurry solution upward In the gas-liquid contact device, the shape of the liquid inlet portion of the spray nozzle is a bell shape having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more the liquid discharge port diameter of the spray nozzle, and the material of the spray nozzle is JIS- A hardness is a polyether urethane rubber having a hardness of 50 to 100 degrees or polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 100000 to 4000000 .
[0012]
In the spray nozzle for a gas-liquid contact device according to claim 2, the shape of the liquid inlet portion is a bell shape having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more of the liquid discharge port diameter, and the material has a JIS-A hardness of 50. It is characterized by being made of polyether urethane rubber of -100 degrees or polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000 .
[0013]
[Action]
In the present invention, the shape of the liquid inlet portion of the spray nozzle is a bell shape having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more the liquid discharge port diameter of the spray nozzle. For this reason, disturbance of the slurry solution at the liquid inlet and outlet of the spray nozzle is prevented, and wear due to bubble generation or cavitation is suppressed regardless of the material of the spray nozzle.
[0014]
In addition, when the spray nozzle is made of polyether urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 degrees or polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 100000 to 4000000, it is excellent in wear resistance, corrosion resistance and impact resistance, and is lightweight and inexpensive. Spray nozzle. In addition, it is thought that it is based on the energy absorption effect by rubber elasticity that the polyether-type urethane rubber of 50-100 degree | times by JIS-A hardness is excellent in abrasion resistance. The reason why polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000 is excellent in wear resistance is considered to be because of excellent mechanical properties and low frictional resistance.
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the effect of the device of the present invention will be further clarified by specific examples.
[0016]
(First embodiment)
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a desulfurization apparatus using the gas-liquid contact apparatus of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The desulfurization apparatus of this embodiment is characterized by the shape of the spray nozzle 20, and the other configurations are the same as those of the conventional desulfurization apparatus shown in FIG. Description is omitted.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 2, the spray nozzle 20 has a cylindrical shape that is directly attached to the upper surface of the header pipe 10 in the tower body 3 and is erected. As shown in FIG. The shape is a bell shape having a radius of curvature R that is 0.2 to 0.1 times the liquid discharge port diameter d (usually about 50 mm). In this case, the spray nozzle 20 is made of FRP.
[0018]
In the desulfurization apparatus, for example, untreated flue gas is guided from the duct 8 and brought into contact with the absorbent slurry S injected from the spray nozzle 20 by the circulation pump 4 to absorb and remove the sulfurous acid gas in the untreated flue gas. By exhausting the exhaust gas as a processed exhaust gas, it is possible to purify the exhaust gas at a high desulfurization rate with a small volume and simple absorption tower 1 as in the prior art. At this time, the liquid inlet 21 (see FIG. 2) of the spray nozzle 20 has a bell shape having a curvature radius R that is 0.2 times or more the liquid discharge port diameter d. Disturbance of the slurry solution S at the discharge port is prevented, and wear due to bubble generation or wear due to cavitation is suppressed regardless of the material of the spray nozzle 20. Therefore, even if an inexpensive, lightweight and impact-resistant material such as FRP is used, it is possible to ensure wear resistance, and to improve the economics and reliability of the gas-liquid contact device and thus the desulfurization device. it can.
[0019]
Table 1 below shows that the absorbent slurry S having a gypsum concentration of 20 wt% is sprayed from the FRP spray nozzle 20 under the condition that the flow rate at the discharge port is adjusted to 15 m / s in the configuration of the above embodiment. The test results (specimen: No. 2 to 8) for examining the wear state of the spray nozzle 20 after continuous operation for 6 months were tested under the same conditions with the conventional spray nozzle (specimen: No. 1). It is displayed in comparison with. In the case of this embodiment in which the liquid inlet portion has a bell shape having a radius of curvature R that is 0.2 times or more the diameter of the liquid discharge port, there is almost no difference in the amount of wear between the liquid inlet portion and the liquid discharge port. About 12 mm. On the other hand, the spray nozzle of the conventional shape is generally worn intensely by about 15 to 16 mm, especially in the vicinity of the liquid inlet, and a part where a through hole is formed in the spray nozzle having a wall thickness of 20 mm is recognized. It was.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003868290
[0021]
(Second embodiment)
Next, a desulfurization apparatus using the gas-liquid contact apparatus of the second embodiment will be described. In the desulfurization apparatus of this example, the material of the spray nozzle 20 is a polyether urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 degrees or an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 100000 to 4000000, and other configurations are described above. The same as the desulfurization apparatus of the first embodiment. When the material is selected in this way, it becomes a lightweight and inexpensive spray nozzle with excellent corrosion resistance and impact resistance due to the characteristics of the material itself, and also has excellent wear resistance as shown in the test results of Table 2 below. It is done. Therefore, while having the same reliability as a ceramic spray nozzle in terms of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the support structure is simple (direct mounting is possible), the mounting work is easy, and the molding is easy to mold. As a result, the reliability of the gas-liquid contact device is remarkably improved.
[0022]
Table 2 below is a test result obtained by spraying from the spray nozzle 20 of the above-described material under the same conditions as in the test of Table 1 of Example 1 and checking the wear state of the spray nozzle 20 after operation for 6 consecutive months (provided) Specimen: No. 1 to 10) are displayed. In the case of polyether urethane rubber and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, the wear amount is 0.2 mm or less, and it has been demonstrated that the wear resistance is remarkably improved. From the comparison between Table 1 and Table 2, it is found that polyether urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 degrees or ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 100000 to 4000000 is superior to FRP in corrosion resistance and impact resistance. it is obvious.
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003868290
[0024]
The gas-liquid contact device of the present invention is not limited to being applied as a structure of an absorption tower in the above-described tank oxidation type wet flue gas desulfurization device, and it is necessary to efficiently bring the slurry solution into contact with the gas. Needless to say, any process can be applied to various fields. Moreover, even when applied as a configuration of an absorption tower in a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus, there can be various modes. For example, the present invention can be applied to a chimney built-in type simple desulfurization apparatus in which a chimney and an absorption tower are integrated, and it is needless to say that improvement in economic efficiency and reliability can be realized.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the liquid inlet portion of the spray nozzle has a bell shape having a radius of curvature R that is 0.2 times or more the liquid discharge port diameter, the slurry solution S at the liquid inlet and discharge port of the spray nozzle is formed. Disturbance is prevented, and wear due to bubble generation or cavitation is suppressed regardless of the material of the spray nozzle. Therefore, even if an inexpensive, lightweight and impact-resistant material such as FRP is used, it is possible to ensure wear resistance, and to improve the economics and reliability of the gas-liquid contact device and thus the desulfurization device. it can.
[0026]
Moreover, when the material of the spray nozzle is a polyether urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 degrees or an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having an average molecular weight of 100000 to 4000000, corrosion resistance and impact resistance are considered from the characteristics of the material itself. It becomes a lightweight and inexpensive spray nozzle with excellent properties, and also has excellent wear resistance. Therefore, while having the same reliability as a ceramic spray nozzle in terms of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the support structure is simple (it can be directly attached), the mounting work is easy, and the molding is easy to mold, which is also highly economical. This has the effect of significantly improving the reliability of the gas-liquid contact device while realizing the performance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a main part of a gas-liquid contact device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a main part of a flue gas desulfurization apparatus using a gas-liquid contact apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a main part of a flue gas desulfurization device using a conventional gas-liquid contact device.

Claims (2)

気体が流通する塔本体内部に、スラリ溶液を上方に向かって吐出するスプレーノズルを配設してなる湿式排煙脱硫装置用の気液接触装置において、前記スプレーノズルの液入口部の形状を該スプレーノズルの液吐出口径の0.2倍以上の曲率半径を有するベル状とするとともに、前記スプレーノズルの材質をJIS−A硬度が50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムまたは平均分子量1000000〜4000000のポリエチレンとしたことを特徴とする気液接触装置。Inside the tower body gas flows in the gas-liquid contact apparatus for a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus formed by disposing a Supurenozu Le for discharging toward the scan slurry solution upward, the shape of the liquid inlet portion of the spray nozzle The spray nozzle has a bell shape having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more the liquid discharge port diameter, and the spray nozzle is made of a polyether urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 degrees or an average molecular weight of 1000000. A gas-liquid contactor characterized by being made of 4000000 polyethylene . 液入口部の形状を液吐出口径の0.2倍以上の曲率半径を有するベル状とするとともに、材質をJIS−A硬度が50〜100度のポリエーテル系ウレタンゴムまたは平均分子量1000000〜4000000のポリエチレンとしたことを特徴とする気液接触装置用スプレーノズルThe shape of the liquid inlet portion is a bell shape having a radius of curvature of 0.2 times or more of the liquid discharge port diameter, and the material is a polyether urethane rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 50 to 100 degrees or an average molecular weight of 100000 to 4000000. A spray nozzle for a gas-liquid contact device characterized by being made of polyethylene.
JP2001393384A 2001-12-26 2001-12-26 Gas-liquid contact device and spray nozzle for gas-liquid contact device Expired - Lifetime JP3868290B2 (en)

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