JP3862234B2 - Underground joint type shield excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ground joint type shield excavator that excavates a tunnel such as a road, a railway, or a common groove from both sides facing each other with a shield excavator and is joined to each other in the middle of the tunnel.

When excavating tunnels such as roads, railways, or joint grooves from two opposite directions with shield excavators, the ground excavation method for shield excavators can be broadly classified as follows. A method of joining and a method of mechanically joining skin plates of two shield excavators are known.
There are various methods for the latter mechanical joining as described below.

  The first method is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1, and a receiving-side shield excavator is equipped with a slidable penetrating ring mounted on a skin plate of a penetration-side shield excavator at a joint position after excavating a tunnel from two directions. It is pressed against the pressure-receiving rubber ring and mechanically joined by preventing the inflow of earth and sand or groundwater, which is called the so-called MSD method.

  The second method is to fill the space with the solid mountain with the solidified material while retracting the inner cylinder part (cutter, chamber chamber) of the receiving side shield excavator backward at the joining point. While this solidified material is excavated and penetrated while being excavated, both skin plates are wrapped, and a water-stopping material is supplementally injected into the gap and joined. This is called the so-called CID method.

Further, the third method is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 2, and after the entire chamber chamber of the receiving-side shield excavator is pushed backward with a dedicated jack, the penetrating-side shield excavator is penetrated and joined to the receiving side. This is a so-called DKT method, in which the skin plate is wrapped and water-stopped with a tube seal provided in the receiving-side shield excavator.
JP-A-4-55594 JP 10-121884 A

  And in the first MSD method, it is necessary to keep the face of the receiving side shield excavator first arrived at the arrival position with high concentration mud until the penetration side shield excavator arrives and the skin plate is joined. In particular, in the case of a long period of time, it is not preferable for the stability of the face. In addition, the main facilities such as the mud circulation facility and the mud treatment facility of the first receiving shield excavator cannot be disassembled and removed even after reaching the joint position, which affects work efficiency and construction period. Furthermore, with the installation of the penetrating ring and the pressure-receiving rubber ring, the structure of the shield excavator becomes complicated and the manufacturing cost is high.

  In the second CID method, the manufacturing cost is low because there is no mechanical joint structure or water stop mechanism, but both skin plates are non-contact, and a water stop material is added to the gap between the skin plates. Since the water is stopped by pouring, there is a problem in the water stoppage of the joint.

  In the third DKT method, as with the MSD method, it is necessary to hold the face of the first receiving shield excavator with high-concentration mud until the skin plate is joined, which is a problem with the stability and work efficiency of the face. There is. In addition, foreign matter such as earth and sand is likely to consolidate and adhere to the outer surface of the skin plate of the penetration shield excavator that becomes the sealing surface of the tube shield, and if these adhere, there is a risk that sufficient water stoppage cannot be secured. There is.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the problems of the prior art as described above, and the structure of the shield excavator is relatively simple, the production cost is low, and the underground joint that can stop the water mechanically and reliably. It aims to provide a type shield excavator.

  According to Akira Hontsu, in the underground joint type shield machine that excavates the tunnel from both sides where the receiving side shield excavator 1 and the penetration side shield excavator 30 face each other, the penetration side shield excavator A cutter part 32 and a skin plate 40 comprising a main cutter 34 and a telescopic overcutter 35 are provided at the front part of 30. The receiving side shield excavator 1 is composed of a trunk part 2 and a cutter part 3, and the trunk part. 2 is provided with a retractable inner body 4 that defines a cutter chamber 8, and a main cutter 6 and a telescopic overcutter 7 are provided in the cutter chamber 8, and the receiving side shield excavator 1. The joining device 14 for receiving the skin plate 40 of the penetration side shield excavator 30 is provided on the front inner side of the body portion 2 of the body, and the joining chamber 20 of the joining device 14 formed in an annular shape is opened. Is sealed with a sealing material 21 provided with a water blocking rubber 22, a tube seal 26 is provided on the wall surface of the joining chamber 20, and a filling tube for filling the solidified material 43 is provided in the inner body portion 4. At the joining position, the skin plate 40 of the penetration-side shield excavator 30 is joined to the joining device 14 of the receiving-side shield excavator 1, and the tube seal 26 is pressurized to stop water, and the solidified material 43 is attached by a filling pipe. It is designed to be filled.

  Therefore, it is only necessary to prepare a joining device for the excavator in advance, and it is sufficient to fill the solidified material as the work, and the work efficiency is improved. The ground is particularly stable and strong enough.

  According to the present invention, the front end portion of the inner body portion 4 is located at the front end portion of the body portion 2 during excavation, and is retracted to the rear of the joining device 14 during joining.

  In carrying out the present invention, if the groove is formed in the water-stopping rubber and the push-in member (for example, skin plate or ring) of the penetration-side shield excavator is received by the groove, the water-stopping member is inserted into the penetration side. It can be configured to receive the pushing member of the shield excavator.

Furthermore, in carrying out the present invention, a "mechanism for retracting the water stop member while controlling the amount of the water stop member pulled in" is provided, the joining chamber is filled with oil, and the water stop member is inserted into the penetration-side shield excavator. It is preferable to employ a mechanism for forcibly discharging oil in the joining chamber when receiving the pushing member.
Or you may comprise so that a water stop member (for example, water stop rubber) may be drawn in to the receiving side shield excavator side using a drawing rod.
Furthermore, a hydraulic cylinder may be combined with a water stop member such as a water stop rubber.

The effects of the present invention are listed below.
(A) Filling the cut face of the first receiving shield excavator with the solidification material can prevent the collapse of the natural ground and ensure the stability of the natural ground.
(B) The receiving side shield excavator's internal equipment and muddy water facilities can be disassembled and removed in advance without waiting for the penetration side shield excavator to reach and the skin plate joining, thereby shortening the construction period. it can.
(C) Since the penetrating ring and the associated device are not required, the structure is simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and trouble generating elements are reduced.
(D) Since the skin plate wraps at the joint, sufficient strength can be obtained.
(E) Since the skin plate of the penetration shield excavator completely bites into the water-stopping rubber of the joining device, water can be reliably stopped.
(F) Since the tube seal of the joining device is stored behind the waterproof rubber and is completely protected, there is no risk of damage or breakage due to contact with the excavated earth and sand.
(G) By making the sealing surface of the tube seal the inner surface of the skin plate, caking and adhesion of earth and sand etc. on the sealing surface is reduced, and water blocking is ensured.
(H) Since it has a double water-stop structure of the seal material and the tube seal, more reliable water-stop is ensured.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a ground excavation method for a shield excavator according to the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a receiving-side shield excavator 1 (on the right side of the drawing) that excavates a tunnel from one side includes a trunk portion 2 and a cutter portion 3, and an inner trunk portion 4 is disposed in front of the trunk portion 2. A cutter chamber 8 is provided and a shield jack 5 is provided. The shield jack 5 is used for advancing the shield excavator 1 by applying a reaction force to the segment 18, and is also used for moving the inner trunk portion 4 described later. A main cutter 6 for excavation and a telescopic overcutter 7 are provided in the cutter chamber 8 on the front surface of the inner trunk 4, and a mud feed pipe 9 and a mud discharge pipe 10 are connected to the inner trunk 4. . Further, as will be described later, a filling pipe (not shown) for filling the solidifying material is provided. A joining device 14, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2, is provided at the inner end of the body portion 2, and a convex piece 15 is provided behind the joining device 14. The joining device 14 is in contact with the flange 16 of the inner body portion 4. A stopper 17 is provided between the flange 16 and the convex piece 15.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the joining device 14 is provided at the inner end of the body portion 2, the opening of the joining chamber 20 of the joining device 14 is closed with a sealing material 21, and the sealing material 21 is provided with a waterproof rubber 22. A groove 23 is cut in the water stop rubber 22. The joining chamber 20 is filled with oil, and an opening / closing valve 25 is provided in the oil discharge pipe 24. A tube seal 26 is provided on the wall surface of the joining chamber 20, and a water supply pipe 27 to the tube seal 26 is provided.

  Referring again to FIG. 1, the penetration side shield excavator 30 (left side of the drawing) for excavating the tunnel from the other is composed of a front trunk portion 31 and a cutter portion 32 as in the reception side shield excavator 1. A shield jack 33 is provided. The cutter section 32 on the front surface of the body section 31 is provided with a main cutter 34 for excavation and a telescopic overcutter 35, and a mud pipe 37 and a mud discharge pipe 38 are provided in the cutter chamber 36 in front of the front body section 31. It is connected. And the front-end | tip 40a of the skin plate 40 of the trunk | drum 31 is diameter-reduced so that it may fit in the groove | channel 23 of the still water rubber 22 of the joining apparatus 14 of the receiving side shield excavator 1. FIG.

In order to dig a tunnel with the receiving side shield excavator 1 and the penetration side shield excavator 30 configured as described above, the main cutters 6 and 34 and the overcutter 7 are moved while the trunk portions 2 and 31 are advanced by the shield jacks 5 and 33. , 35 and excavate the tunnel in a known manner. At that time, in the illustrated example, muddy water is sent from the mud pipe 9 and the excavated earth and sand is carried out by the mud pipe 10. Further, the tunnel segments 18 and 41 are assembled by an unillustrated erector.
When the tunnel is excavated to the joining position, the overcutter 7 of the receiving side shield excavator 1 is contracted and the stopper 17 is removed as shown in FIG.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the retracting operation of the inner body portion 4 will be described. Here, FIGS. 4 and 5 are shown in a cross section different from FIG. 3 in order to emphasize the shield jack 5.
In FIG. 4, the cylinder of the shield jack 5 fixed to the body 2 is made free, and a connecting rod 5 c is attached to the cylinder on the opposite side of the piston rod 5 a to connect to the inner body 4. In this case, the piston rod 5a is in an extended state. A jack spreader 5b is attached to the tip of the piston rod 5a, and is connected to the segment 18 by the jack spreader 5b.

  Then, when the piston rod 5a of the shield jack 5 of the receiving side shield excavator 1 is retracted, the inner body portion 4 slides backward in the body portion 2, and at the same time, the cutter portion 3 is also retracted. Further, the solidified material is sent from a filling pipe (not shown), and the solidified material 43 is filled in front of the cutter unit 3 (left side in the drawing) as shown in FIG. Therefore, since it is solidified in the inside of the trunk | drum 2, and the natural ground slightly ahead of it, the trunk | drum 2 is sealed and the receiving side shield excavator 1 can be disassembled. On the other hand, the penetration-side shield excavator 30 performs excavation to the joining position while performing exploration boring from the receiving side in order to position it, shrinks the over cutter 35, and excavates the solidified material 43 on the receiving side.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the skin plate 40 of the penetration shield excavator 30 reaches the joining device 14 of the receiving shield excavator 1, the on-off valve 25 of the discharge pipe 24 of the joining device 14 is opened. When the penetration shield excavator 30 is further excavated, the tip 40a of the skin plate 40 is fitted into the groove 23 of the water stop rubber 22 of the joining device 14, and the water stop rubber 22 and the sealing material 21 are connected to the joining chamber 20. Push in and stop the first water.
The amount of push-in can be managed by the amount of oil discharged from the joining chamber 20, and damage to the joining device 14 due to excessive push-in can be prevented.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, particularly in FIG. 7, a mechanism for forcibly discharging the oil in the joining chamber 20 is adopted as a mechanism for drawing the water blocking rubber 22 to the receiving shield excavator 1 side. The amount of pulling in the water stop rubber 22 (the amount of pushing by the skin plate 40) can be managed.
However, the mechanism for pulling the water-stopping rubber 22 while managing or controlling the pull-in amount is not limited to a mechanism mainly as shown in FIG. 7, and for example, as shown in FIG. It is possible to employ a mechanism.

The mechanism shown in FIG. 8 is configured to draw the water-stopping rubber 22 to the receiving shield excavator 1 side using a pulling rod 90. Here, a pressure receiving ring 92 is fitted to the water stop rubber 22.
Also in this embodiment, a tube seal (indicated by reference numeral 26A in FIG. 8) is provided, and a high-pressure water supply pipe 27A is provided for water stoppage by the tube seal 26A.
In FIG. 8, if the pull-in amount of the pull-in rod 90 is controlled, the same operational effects as those of the joining device in the embodiment of FIGS.

  Further, in FIG. 9, the whole mechanism denoted by reference numeral 14 </ b> B combines the water stop rubber 22 with the hydraulic cylinder 100. If the contraction amount of the hydraulic cylinder 100 is appropriately controlled when the skin plate 40 is pushed in, the same operation as in the embodiment of FIGS.

Referring again to FIG. 6, when the skin plate 40 is completely pushed into the joining device 14, pressurized water is sent from the water supply pipe 27 and second water stop is performed by the tube seal 26. This state is shown in FIG.
In this way, the skin plate is joined, the internal equipment of the penetration side shield excavator 30 is disassembled and removed, and the tunnel is completed.

Sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the underground junction type shield excavator of this invention. Sectional drawing of a joining apparatus. Sectional drawing of the state which excavated the tunnel to the joining position. Sectional drawing which shows the place which attached the jack spreader and the connection rod to the shield jack in order to retract an inner trunk | drum. Sectional drawing which shows the state which filled the solidification material in the joining position which retracted the inner trunk | drum. Sectional drawing which shows the state which excavated the solidification material and joined the skin plate to the joining apparatus. Sectional drawing of the joining apparatus which shows the state by which the skin plate was joined. Sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the joining apparatus different from FIG. Sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the joining apparatus different from the joining apparatus of FIG. 7, FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reception side shield excavator 30 ... Intrusion side shield excavator 2, 31 ... Body part 3 ... Cutter chamber 4 ... Inner body part 5, 33 ... Shield jack 6, 34 ... Main cutters 7, 35 ... Over cutters 36 ... Cutter parts 9, 37 ... Mudden pipes 10, 38 ... Drain pipes 13, 40 ... Skin plates 14, 14A, 14B ... Joining device 15 ... Convex piece 16 ... Flange 17 ... Stopper 18 ... Segment 21 ... Sealing material 22 ... Waterproof rubber 23 ... Groove 90 ... Retracting rod 100 ... Hydraulic cylinder

Claims (2)

In the underground joint type shield machine in which the receiving side shield excavator (1) and the intrusion side shield excavator (30) are excavated from both sides and joined to each other, the penetration shield excavator (30) The front part is provided with a cutter part (32) comprising a main cutter (34) and a telescopic overcutter (35) and a skin plate (40), and the receiving side shield excavator (1) has a trunk part (2) and a cutter. The body (2) is provided with an inner body (4) that can be moved forward and backward to define a cutter chamber (8), and the cutter chamber (8) has a main body (4). A cutter (6) and a telescopic overcutter (7) are provided, and a skin plate (40) of the penetration shield excavator (30) is provided in front of the trunk (2) of the reception shield excavator (1). Device (1 ), And the opening of the joining chamber (20) of the joining device (14) formed entirely in an annular shape is closed with a sealing material (21) provided with a waterproof rubber (22). A tube seal (26) is provided on the wall surface of (20), and a filling tube for filling the solidified material (43) is provided on the inner body (4). ) Skin plate (40) is joined to the joining device (14) of the receiving side shield excavator (1), the tube seal (26) is pressurized to stop water, and the solidified material (43) is filled by the filling tube. A ground joint type shield excavator characterized by that. The said inner trunk | drum (4) is located in the front-end part of a trunk | drum (2) at the time of excavation, and the inner trunk | drum (4) retracts | sucks back rather than the joining apparatus (14) at the time of joining. Underground joint type shield excavator.

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