JP3859606B2

JP3859606B2 - Electricity supply and demand management system

Info

Publication number: JP3859606B2
Application number: JP2003065012A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 詳明山崎; 史樹乾; 斉司川▲崎▼
Original assignee: Osaka Gas Co Ltd
Current assignee: Osaka Gas Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-03-11
Filing date: 2003-03-11
Publication date: 2006-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 2023-03-11
Also published as: JP2004274937A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、発電部から需要部へ電力を託送する電気事業に用いられる電力需給管理システムに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
電力市場の部分自由化により、特定規模電気事業者は、自由化対象の大口の需要家（特定規模需要家：原則使用規模２，０００ＫＷ以上で２０ＫＶ特別高圧送電線から受電する需要家）に小売託送することが可能となった。
【０００３】
よって、需要家における電力調達形態としては、従来からある一般電気事業者（以下、「電力会社」と呼ぶ。）及び新規参入した特定規模電気事業者の何れか一方から電力を調達する形態の他に、例えば、需要家の電力需要の一部分に対しては、上記特定規模電気事業者から託送される比較的安価な電力を調達し、需要家の電力需要の前記特定規模電気事業者からの調達分を差し引いた不足分に対しては、上記電力会社から給電される電力を調達するという部分供給形態を採用することが可能である。
【０００４】
後者の電力小売託送のルールでは、特定規模電気事業者は、電力託送実施日の前日の正午までに、電力託送実施日の０時から２４時までの給電量を、送電線を運営管理する電力会社等に申告する必要がある。従って、特定規模電気事象者は、電力託送実施日の前日の正午までの適当な時期に、電力託送実施日における発電設備の発電量に関する発電計画を作成し、電力託送実施日において、前日に作成した発電計画に基づいて、発電設備の発電量を制御する必要がある。
【０００５】
上記発電計画を行うための電力需給管理システムは、電力託送実施日の０時から２４時までにおける需要家（需要部）の電力需要である予測電力需要を、公知の手法を用いて予測し、このように予測した予測電力需要に基づいて、電力託送実施日において発電設備（発電部）の計画発電量を決定する発電計画手段として機能するコンピュータで構成される。
【０００６】
また、前述の特定規模電気事業者による電力事業において、需要家に、主に需要家の電力需要を補うように構成されたコジェネレーションシステム等の自家発電設備が設置される場合がある。そして、このように需要家に自家発電設備が設けられる場合に、電気事業者は、電力需給管理システムにおいて、自社で管理する自社管理発電設備に対する発電計画以外に、需要家に設置された自家発電設備に対しても発電計画を実行するなどして集中管理し、需要家に設置された自家発電設備の余剰電力を他の需要家に託送するなどして、全体的な経済性及び省エネルギ性を最適とするような電気事業を実現することができると考えられる。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
コジェネレーションシステムのような自家発電設備は、経済性及び省エネルギ性等の観点から、ある程度普及すると考えられる。よって、電気事業において自家発電設備を設置した自家発需要家を含む需要家に対して電力を託送する場合には、電力需給管理システムの管理対象となる自家発電設備の数が非常に多くなり、自家発電設備の発電計画等を行うための管理コストが甚大化して、電力事業のコストメリットが相殺されてしまう可能性がある。
また、上記のような自家発電設備は、数が多いことに加えて、出力制御の応答性が鈍いため、前日に計画した発電計画どおりに電力を確保できない可能性がある。
【０００８】
従って、本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みて、多くの自家発電需要家に対して電力の託送を行う場合でも、自家発電設備の管理を簡素化して管理コストの甚大化を防ぎ、更に、できるだけ発電計画どおりに電力を確保することができる電力需給管理システムを実現することを目的とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この目的を達成するための本発明に係る電力需給管理システムの第一特徴構成は、発電部から需要部へ電力を託送する電気事業に用いられる電力需給管理システムであって、
複数の自家発電需要部が所有する複数の自家発電設備からなる自家発電設備群を一の前記発電部として、前記発電部からの給電により前記複数の自家発電需要部を含む需要部の電力需要の少なくとも一部である給電対象電力需要を満足させるように、各発電部の発電計画を作成する発電計画手段を備えた点にある。
【００１０】
即ち、上記第一特徴構成の電力需給管理システムによれば、上記複数の自家発電需要部を含む需要部に対して電力を売買する電気事業を実施するに、上記発電計画手段により、上記複数の自家発電設備からなる自家発電設備群を一の発電部として取り扱い、需要部の電力需要の整形化部分又はその整形化部分以外の調整部分等の上記給電対象電力需要を、その自家発電設備群を含む発電部の発電電力により満足させると仮定して、各発電部の発電計画を容易に作成することができる。
【００１１】
本発明に係る電力需給管理システムの第二特徴構成は、上記第一特徴構成に加えて、前記発電計画手段で前記一の発電部としてみなされた前記自家発電設備群に対して作成した発電計画に基づいて、前記自家発電設備群を構成する各自家発電設備の負担割合を一律に決定するように前記各自家発電設備の一律の発電指令を作成し、前記各自家発電設備に対して一律の発電指令を発信する自家発電設備群管理手段を備えた点にある。
【００１２】
即ち、上記第二特徴構成の電力需給管理システムによれば、上記自家発電設備群管理手段により、一の発電部としてみなされた自家発電設備群に対して作成された発電計画に対して、その自家発電設備群を構成する各自家発電設備の負担割合を一律に決定するように、各自家発電設備の一律の発電指令を作成し、その発電指令を各自家発電設備に対して発信することで、自家発電設備群の発電量を上記発電計画に合ったものとすることができ、更に、自家発電設備を個々に管理することなく、複数を一括して一の発電部として管理するので、管理コストをできるだけ小さく抑えることができる。
【００１３】
本発明に係る電力需給管理システムの第三特徴構成は、上記第二特徴構成に加えて、前記自家発電設備群管理手段が、前記各自家発電設備に対して前記発電指令を発信した後に、前記各自家発電設備の発電量を監視して、前記各自家発電設備に発信された前記発電指令に対する前記各自家発電設備の応答性を判定する点にある。
【００１４】
一般に、各自家発電設備に対して自家発電設備群内において一律の発電指令を発信しても、例えば、定格出力に近い状態で運転されている自家発電設備は、受信した発電指令に応答して発電量を変更できない場合がある。
【００１５】
そこで、上記第三特徴構成の電力需給管理システムによれば、上記自家発電設備群管理手段により、例えば、各自家発電設備の発電量の変化状態等を通信回線等を介して監視して、各自家発電設備が発電指令に応答して実際に出力変更したか否かの応答性を判定することができ、自家発電設備が応答して発電量を変更しなかった場合に、発電計画どおりに発電できず、同時同量を達成できない可能性があるとして、例えば、自家発電設備以外の自社管理発電設備の出力を変更する等の異常処理を即座に実行することができる。
【００１６】
本発明に係る電力需給管理システムの第四特徴構成は、上記第二乃至第三の何れかの特徴構成に加えて、前記自家発電設備群管理手段が、前記各自家発電設備の前記発電指令に対する応答の可否に関する応答可否情報を認識し、前記応答可否情報を参照して作成した発電指令を前記各自家発電設備に対して発信する点にある。
【００１７】
即ち、上記第四特徴構成の電力需給管理システムによれば、上記自家発電設備群管理手段が、予め各自家発電設備から、自家発電設備の出力や、定期点検又は異常により出力低下又は停止しているなどの異常状態等の、上記発電指令に対する応答の可否を認識可能な応答可否情報を収集しておき、その応答可否情報を参考にして、自家発電設備群内において応答可能な自家発電設備の発電指令を作成することができ、比較的確実に自家発電設備群の発電量を発電計画どおりとすることができる。
【００１８】
本発明に係る電力需給管理システムの第五特徴構成は、上記第一乃至第四の何れかの特徴構成に加えて、前記発電計画手段が、前記給電対象電力需要に対して、前記自家発電設備群からなる発電部の発電計画を作成した後に、前記自家発電設備群以外の発電部の発電計画を作成する点にある。
【００１９】
即ち、上記第五特徴構成の電力需給管理システムによれば、先ず、前記自家発電設備群からなる発電部の給電により、前記給電対象電力需要の例えば一定の部分を満足させるように、前記自家発電設備群に対する発電計画を作成することで、自家発電設備群を安定且つ効率良く運転することができる。更に、自家発電設備群の発電計画を作成した後に、前記自家発電設備群以外の発電部の給電により、前記自家発電設備群の給電により満足させれない前記給電対象電力需要の比較的不定形な残部を満足させるように、前記自家発電設備群以外の比較的応答性がよい自社管理発電設備等の発電部の発電計画を作成することができ、発電計画どおりに電力を確保することができる。
【００２０】
本発明に係る電力需給管理システムの第六特徴構成は、上記第一乃至第四の何れかの特徴構成に加えて、前記発電計画手段が、前記給電対象電力需要に対して、前記自家発電設備群以外の発電部の発電計画を作成した後に、前記自家発電設備群からなる発電部の発電計画を作成する点にある。
【００２１】
即ち、上記第六特徴構成の電力需給管理システムによれば、先ず、前記自家発電設備群以外の比較的安定して発電可能な自社管理発電設備等の発電部の給電により、前記給電対象電力需要のできるだけ全部を満足させるように、前記自家発電設備群以外の発電部に対する発電計画を作成することで、給電対象電力需要の殆どを安定して供給することができる。更に、自家発電設備群以外の発電部の発電計画を作成した後に、前記自家発電設備群からなる発電部の給電により、前記自家発電設備群以外の発電部給電により満足させれない前記給電対象電力需要の比較的小さな残部を満足させるように、前記自家発電設備群の発電計画を作成することで、できるだけリアルタイム市場等の外部から電力を調達することなく、その残部を満足させることができる。
【００２２】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る電力需給管理システムの実施の形態について、図面に基づいて説明する。
図１は、特定規模電気事業者（以下、「ＰＰＳ」（Power Producer and Supplier）と呼ぶ。）が管理する自社管理発電設備１１（発電部の一例）で発電した電力を、需要家１（需要部の一例）へ、電力会社が運営管理する送電線５を利用して託送する電力小売託送事業の様子を示した説明図である。
【００２３】
上記電力小売託送事業において、需要家１の一部である複数の自家発電需要家１ａには、図２に示すように、ガス供給管３０から供給されたガスを消費して運転されて発電するコジェネレーションシステム等の自家発電設備２０が設置されている。
また、この自家発電設備２０で発電した電力の内、その自家発電需要家１ａの電力消費部２８で消費される電力以外の余剰電力は、送電線５に逆潮流されて他の需要家１側に託送可能とされている。
【００２４】
従って、ＰＰＳは、需要家１の電力需要の全部又はその一部である給電対象電力需要を、自社管理発電設備１１で発電した電力と、自家発電需要家１ａの自家発電設備２０で発電した電力とにより満足させるように、電力託送を実施する。
【００２５】
尚、上記給電対象電力需要が、需要家１の電力需要の一部である場合には、その他のインバランス電力を、電力会社や他のリアルタイム市場等からの買電により満足させることができる。
【００２６】
また、自家発電需要家１ａに設けられている自家発電設備２０の運転制御を行うための制御部２１は、インターネットやプライベートネットワーク等の公知の通信ネットワーク６に接続されたコンピュータで構成されて、ＰＰＳが運営管理する電力需給管理システム（以下、本システムと呼ぶ。）５０との間で所定の情報についての通信可能に構成されている。
【００２７】
詳しくは、制御部２１は、自家発電設備２０の発電量、及び自家発電設備２０に設けられている各種センサの出力情報の他に、電力メータ２３で計測された送電線５とその間の送受電量、ブレーカ等の保安設備２４の状態情報、ガスメータ３１で計測された自家発電設備２０及びその他のガス消費部２９でのガス消費量等の各種情報を収集し、通信ネットワーク６を介して本システム５０に送信可能に構成され、更に、詳細については後述するが、上記本システム５０から通信ネットワーク６を介して受信した発電指令に基づいて、自家発電設備２０の出力制御を実行可能に構成されている。
【００２８】
また、上記のような制御部２１を備えた自家発電設備２０を設置していない無発電需要家１ｏにおいても、図３に示すように、通信ネットワーク６に接続されたコンピュータで構成された通信部３５が設けられ、その通信部３５は、少なくとも電力メータ２３で計測された受電量の情報を収集し、通信ネットワークを介して本システム５０に送信可能に構成されている。
【００２９】
ＰＰＳが運営管理する本システム５０は、上記のような電力小売託送を行う場合に、自社管理発電設備１１の制御部１２、自家発電需要家１ａに設けられた自家発電設備２０の制御部２１、及び、無発電需要家１ｏに設けられた通信部３５との間で通信を行って、自社管理発電設備１１及び自家発電設備２０の発電計画及び発電指令を実行するため演算処理及び情報通信処理可能なコンピュータで構成されている。
【００３０】
本システム５０は、図１に示すように、通信ネットワーク６を介して上記制御部１２，２１及び通信部３５等との間で通信可能な通信手段５２と、各種データを格納した不揮発性の記憶手段６０とを備えたコンピュータで構成されている。また、本システム５０は、所定のプログラムを実行することにより、後述の需給管理手段５４、自家発電設備群管理手段５７、及び、自社管理発電設備管理手段５８として機能するように構成されている。
【００３１】
上記記憶手段６０には、需要家１の電力需要実績、自家発電設備２０の発電実績、自社発電設備１１の発電実績等の実績データを格納した実績データベースと、各需要家１の属性等に関する需要家情報、自家発電設備２０の定格出力及び後述の応答可否情報等に関する自家発電設備情報、各需要家１とＰＰＳ及び電力会社との間で契約した電力料金等に関する電力契約情報等の基本データを格納した基本データベース等が割り当てられている。
尚、上記記憶手段６０は、本システム５０との間で通信線を介して情報通信可能に構成された外部記憶装置で構成しても構わない。
【００３２】
本システム５０に構成された自家発電設備群管理手段５７は、詳細な構成については後述するが、複数の自家発電需要家１ａに設置された複数の自家発電設備２０からなる自家発電設備群Ａを１つの発電部として取り扱って管理する自家発電設備群管理機能を有する群管理部５７ａからなり、上記のような自家発電設備群Ａが、地域毎に複数設けられている場合には、例えば、上記群管理部５７ａを複数の自家発電設備群Ａを管理するように構成したり、複数の自家発電設備群Ａの夫々に対応して複数の群管理部５７ａを設けることができる。また、複数の群管理部５４を設ける場合には、夫々の群管理部５７ａを別のコンピュータで構成しても構わない。
また、上記のような自家発電設備群Ａは、地域の他に、自家発電設備２０の種類、容量、利用形態（パターン運転、調整運転）等により分類されたものでも構わない。
【００３３】
本システム５０に構成された自社管理発電設備管理手段５８は、詳細な構成については後述するが、自社管理発電設備１１の夫々を管理する自社管理発電設備管理機能を有する。
【００３４】
また、本システム５０に構成された需給管理手段５４は、需要家１の電力託送実施日における電力需要を、需要家１の過去の電力需要実績等を用いて予測するための需要予測部５５と、その需要予測部５５で予測した電力託送実施日における電力需要に基づいて、自社管理発電設備１１及び一の発電部として取り扱われる自家発電設備群Ａの電力託送実施日における給電により需要部１の電力需要の少なくとも一部である給電対象電力需要を満足させるように、電力託送実施日における自社管理発電設備１１の計画発電量、及び、自家発電設備群Ａの計画発電量を、上記自社管理発電設備１１の発電可能範囲内、及び、自家発電設備群Ａの発電可能範囲内で決定する発電計画手段としての発電量決定部５６とからなり、上記需要予測部５５及び発電量決定部５６により発電計画処理が実行される。そして、上記需要予測部５５及び発電量決定部５６が、需要部１の電力需要、電力託送実施日における自社管理発電設備１１の計画発電量、及び、自家発電設備群Ａの計画発電量を管理する需給管理機能として機能する。
【００３５】
即ち、本システム５０においては、図４に示すように、需給管理手段５４による需給管理機能に対して、自家発電設備群管理手段５７による自家発電設備群管理機能、及び、自社管理発電設備管理手段５８による自社管理発電設備管理機能が夫々階層的に対応して構成され、更に、自家発電設備群管理手段５７による自家発電設備群管理機能が、夫々の自家発電設備群における自家発電設備２０に対応して構成され、自社管理発電設備管理手段５８による自社管理発電設備管理機能が、夫々の自社管理発電設備１１に対応して構成されている。
【００３６】
また、需給管理手段５４は、自家発電設備２０及び自社管理発電設備１１の発電量が、需要家１の電力需要に対して不足している場合に、その不足分であるインバランス電力を、電力会社や他のリアルタイム市場等の電力市場Ｍからの買電により調達したり、逆に、需要家１の電力需要に対して余剰がある場合には、その余剰分を電力市場Ｍに対して売却するための処理を実行する電力対応機能を有することができる。
【００３７】
上記需給管理手段５４の発電量決定部５６は、具体的には、下記の夫々の給電計画手法で需要部１の給電対象電力需要に対する各計画発電量を決定することができる。
【００３８】
第１の給電計画手法としては、先ず、上記自家発電設備群Ａ以外の発電部の一例である自社管理発電設備１１のみの送電により給電対象電力需要を満足させるように、自社管理発電設備１１の計画発電量を決定し、次に、足りない部分を、一の発電部として取り扱われる上記自家発電設備群Ａからの送電により満足させるように、自家発電設備群Ａの計画発電量を決定することができる。
【００３９】
第２の給電計画手法としては、自家発電設備群Ａを一の発電部として取り扱い、給電対象電力需要の一定の部分を自家発電設備群Ａからの送電により満足させ、残部を自社管理発電設備１１の計画発電量で満足させるように、各計画発電量を決定することができる。
また、この手法において、給電対象電力需要の内の、自家発電設備群Ａの送電により満足する分は、一定量であっても構わないが、事前に、夫々の自家発電設備２０の運転出力を、自家発電需要家１ａの電力需要や熱需要等に基づいて電主運転及び熱主運転等を行うように計画しておき、そのときの各自家発電設備２０の発電量の総和を、上記自家発電設備群Ａの送電により満足する分の電力需要としても構わない。
また、自社管理発電設備１１の計画発電量を決定する際に、給電対象電力需要の全てを満足させれなかった場合には、再度上記自家発電設備群Ａの計画発電量を修正しても構わない。
【００４０】
第３の給電計画手法としては、自家発電設備群Ａを一の発電部として取り扱い、自家発電設備群Ａ及び自社管理設備１１の運転効率等が最適となるように、各計画発電量を同時に決定することができる。
【００４１】
更に、上記発電量決定部５６は、自社管理発電設備１１の計画発電量、及び、自家発電設備群Ａの計画発電量を決定した後に、自社管理発電設備１１の制御部１２、及び、自家発電需要家１ａに設けられた自家発電設備２０の制御部２１に対して、通信により、発電指令を送出する。
【００４２】
具体的には、自社管理発電設備１１に対しては、電力託送実施日の前日等に、上記発電量決定部５６で決定した計画発電量そのものが、自社管理発電設備群管理手段５８を通じて、発電指令として、自社管理発電設備１１の制御部１２に送出される。すると、制御部１２は、電力託送実施日における自社管理設備１１の発電量を、受け取った発電指令に従ったものとするように制御する。
【００４３】
一方、自家発電設備２０に対しては、上記発電量決定部５６で決定した自家発電設備群Ａの計画発電量が、一旦、上記自家発電設備群管理手段５７の群管理部５７ａに送出される。そして、群管理部５７ａは、受け取った自家発電設備群Ａの計画発電量に基づいて、送電線５に発電した電力を送電可能な複数の自家発電設備２０の出力変更割合又は定格出力に対する運転出力割合等を一律で決定して、各自家発電設備２０に対して一律の発電指令を作成し、各自家発電設備２０の制御部２１にその発電指令を送出する。すると、制御部２１においては、電力託送実施日における自家発電設備２０の発電量を、受け取った発電指令に従ったものとするように制御する。
【００４４】
また、自家発電設備群管理手段５７の群管理部５７ａは、事前に各自家発電設備２０の制御部２１から、各自家発電設備２０が正常状態又は異常状態であるか等の発電指令に対する応答の可否に関する応答可否情報を収集しておき、その前記応答可否情報を参照して、自家発電設備群Ａの計画発電量を、応答可能な自家発電設備２０のみで一律の発電指令を作成することができ、このように構成することで、確実に自家発電設備群Ａの発電量を発電計画どおりとすることができる。
【００４５】
このようにして、発電計画及び発電指令を行うことで、自家発電設備群Ａの発電量を上記発電計画に合ったものとすることができ、更に、自家発電設備２０を個々に管理することなく、複数を一括して一の発電部として管理するので、管理コストをできるだけ小さく抑えることができる。
【００４６】
また、自家発電設備群管理手段５７の群管理部５７ａは、各自家発電設備２０に対して前記発電指令を発信した後の、電力託送実施日において、各制御部２１から、各自家発電設備２０の発電量に関する情報を通信ネットワーク６を介して収集して、各自家発電設備２０が、前日に送出した発電指令どおりに運転されているか否か認識し、発電指令に対する各自家発電設備２０の応答性を判定するように構成されている。そして、本システム５０は、このような判定結果により、各自家発電設備２０の運転状態及び異常状態、及び、各自家発電設備２０の発電余裕量を認識することができ、それを、後の発電計画及びその修正等に反映させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】電力需給管理システムの概略構成及び電力託送状態を示す図
【図２】自家発電需要家の様子を説明する図
【図３】無発電需要家の様子を説明する図
【図４】電力需給管理システムが有する機能の対応関係を示す図
【符号の説明】
１：需要家
１ａ：自家発電需要家
１ｏ：無発電需要家
５：送電線
６：通信ネットワーク
１１：自社管理発電設備
２０：自家発電設備
５０：電力需給管理システム
５４：需給管理手段
５６：発電量決定部（発電計画手段）
５７：自家発電設備群管理手段
５８：自社管理発電設備管理手段
６０：記憶手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a power supply and demand management system used in an electric business that entrusts power from a power generation unit to a demand unit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Due to the partial liberalization of the electric power market, specific-scale electric utilities will be retailed to large-scale customers to be liberalized (specific-scale customers: customers who receive power from 20 KV special high-voltage transmission lines with a usage scale of 2,000 KW or more). It became possible to send them by consignment.
[0003]
Therefore, as a form of power procurement by consumers, other than a form in which power is procured from either a conventional general electric utility (hereinafter referred to as “electric power company”) or a newly-entered specific-scale electric utility. In addition, for example, for a part of the power demand of the consumer, a relatively inexpensive power entrusted by the specific scale electric power company is procured, and the power demand of the consumer is procured from the specific scale electric power company. It is possible to adopt a partial supply form in which the power supplied from the electric power company is procured for the shortage obtained by subtracting the minutes.
[0004]
According to the latter rule of power retail consignment, a specific-scale electric power company will operate the power line to manage the amount of power supplied from 0:00 to 24:00 on the power consignment implementation date by noon the day before the power consignment implementation date. It is necessary to report to the company. Therefore, a specific-scale electrical event person creates a power generation plan for the power generation capacity of the power generation facility on the date of power consignment at an appropriate time until noon on the day before the date of power consignment. It is necessary to control the power generation amount of the power generation facility based on the generated power generation plan.
[0005]
The power supply and demand management system for carrying out the power generation plan predicts the predicted power demand that is the power demand of the consumer (demand part) from 0:00 to 24:00 on the day of power consignment using a known method, Based on the predicted power demand predicted as described above, the computer is configured to function as a power generation planning means for determining the planned power generation amount of the power generation facility (power generation unit) on the date of power consignment.
[0006]
Moreover, in the electric power business by the above-mentioned specific scale electric power company, a private power generation facility such as a cogeneration system configured to mainly supplement the electric power demand of the consumer may be installed in the consumer. And when a private power generation facility is provided for a consumer in this way, the electric power company uses a private power generation system installed at the consumer in addition to the power generation plan for the self-managed power generation facility managed by the company in the power supply and demand management system. Centralized management, such as by executing a power generation plan for the equipment, and surplus power from the private power generation equipment installed at the customer is transferred to other customers, resulting in overall economy and energy savings. It is thought that the electric power business that optimizes the power consumption can be realized.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Private power generation facilities such as cogeneration systems are considered to be popular to some extent from the viewpoints of economy and energy saving. Therefore, when power is consigned to consumers including private customers who have installed private power generation facilities in the electric power business, the number of private power generation facilities to be managed by the power supply and demand management system becomes very large. There is a possibility that management costs for carrying out power generation plans for private power generation facilities will increase and the cost merit of the power business will be offset.
Moreover, in addition to a large number of such private power generation facilities as described above, the responsiveness of output control is slow, so there is a possibility that electric power cannot be secured according to the power generation plan planned on the previous day.
[0008]
Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, the present invention simplifies the management of private power generation facilities and prevents an increase in management costs even when power is consigned to many private power generation consumers. The purpose is to realize a power supply and demand management system that can secure power according to the power generation plan.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first characteristic configuration of the power supply and demand management system according to the present invention for achieving this object is an electric power supply and demand management system used in an electric business that entrusts power from a power generation unit to a demand unit,
As a single power generation unit, a group of private power generation facilities consisting of a plurality of private power generation facilities owned by a plurality of private power generation demand units, the power demand of the demand unit including the plurality of private power generation demand units by feeding from the power generation unit The power generation planning means for creating a power generation plan for each power generation unit is provided so as to satisfy at least a part of the power supply target power demand.
[0010]
That is, according to the power supply and demand management system of the first characteristic configuration, when the electric power business that buys and sells electric power for the demand section including the plurality of private power generation demand sections is performed, A private power generation facility group consisting of private power generation facilities is handled as a single power generation unit, and the power demand for power supply such as the power demand shaping part of the demand part or the adjustment part other than the shaping part is determined as the power generation equipment group. The power generation plan of each power generation unit can be easily created on the assumption that the generated power of the included power generation unit is satisfied.
[0011]
The second characteristic configuration of the power supply and demand management system according to the present invention is, in addition to the first characteristic configuration, a power generation plan created for the private power generation facility group regarded as the first power generation unit by the power generation planning means. based on the above to determine the load ratio of each house power generation facilities uniformly constituting a private power generation equipment group to create a power generation command of uniform the private power generation equipment, a uniform the respective private power generation facilities It is in the point provided with the private power generation equipment group management means which transmits a power generation command.
[0012]
That is, according to the power supply and demand management system of the second characteristic configuration, with respect to the power generation plan created for the private power generation facility group regarded as one power generation unit by the private power generation facility group management means, By creating a uniform power generation command for each private power generation facility so that the burden ratio of each private power generation facility constituting the private power generation facility group is uniformly determined, and sending the power generation command to each private power generation facility The power generation amount of the private power generation facility group can be adapted to the above power generation plan, and moreover, the multiple power generation facilities are managed as one power generation unit without managing the private power generation facilities individually. Costs can be kept as low as possible.
[0013]
The third characteristic configuration of the power supply and demand management system according to the present invention, in addition to the second characteristic configuration, the private power generation equipment group management means, after transmitting the power generation command to the private power generation equipment, The power generation amount of each private power generation facility is monitored to determine the responsiveness of each private power generation facility with respect to the power generation command transmitted to each private power generation facility.
[0014]
In general, even if a uniform power generation command is transmitted to each private power generation facility within the private power generation facility group, for example, a private power generation facility that is operating in a state close to the rated output is in response to the received power generation command. The amount of power generation may not be changed.
[0015]
Therefore, according to the power supply and demand management system of the third feature configuration, the private power generation facility group management means monitors, for example, a change state of the power generation amount of each private power generation facility via a communication line, etc. Responsiveness can be determined as to whether or not the power generation facility has actually changed the output in response to the power generation command.If the power generation facility does not change the power generation amount in response, the power generation is performed as planned. For example, it may be impossible to achieve the same amount at the same time. For example, an abnormal process such as changing the output of a self-managed power generation facility other than the self-generated power facility can be immediately executed.
[0016]
According to a fourth characteristic configuration of the power supply and demand management system according to the present invention, in addition to any one of the second to third characteristic configurations, the private power generation facility group management means is configured to respond to the power generation command of each private power generation facility. It is in the point which recognizes the response propriety information regarding the propriety of a response, and transmits the electric power generation command created with reference to the said response propriety information with respect to each said private power generation equipment.
[0017]
That is, according to the electric power supply and demand management system of the fourth feature configuration, the private power generation equipment group management means reduces or stops the output from the private power generation equipment in advance due to the output of the private power generation equipment, periodic inspection or abnormality. Collect response availability information that can recognize the availability of response to the power generation command, such as abnormal conditions such as being present, and refer to the response availability information for private power generation facilities that can respond within the private power generation facility group. A power generation command can be created, and the power generation amount of the private power generation facility group can be made as planned according to the power generation plan.
[0018]
According to a fifth characteristic configuration of the power supply and demand management system according to the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations, the power generation planning unit is configured to supply the private power generation facility to the power supply target power demand. After creating a power generation plan for a power generation unit composed of a group, a power generation plan for a power generation unit other than the private power generation facility group is created.
[0019]
That is, according to the power supply and demand management system of the fifth characteristic configuration, first, the private power generation so as to satisfy, for example, a certain portion of the power supply target power supply by feeding of the power generation unit composed of the private power generation equipment group. By creating a power generation plan for a facility group, the private power generation facility group can be operated stably and efficiently. Furthermore, after creating the power generation plan of the private power generation equipment group, the power supply target other than the private power generation equipment group is relatively indefinite of the power supply target power supply that cannot be satisfied by the power supply of the private power generation equipment group. It is possible to create a power generation plan for a power generation unit such as a self-managed power generation facility with relatively good responsiveness other than the group of private power generation facilities so as to satisfy the remainder, and it is possible to secure power according to the power generation plan.
[0020]
According to a sixth characteristic configuration of the power supply and demand management system according to the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations, the power generation planning unit is configured to generate the private power generation facility with respect to the power supply target power demand. After creating a power generation plan for a power generation unit other than the group, a power generation plan for the power generation unit composed of the private power generation facility group is created.
[0021]
That is, according to the power supply and demand management system of the sixth feature configuration, first, the power demand for power supply is supplied by power supply of a power generation unit such as a self-managed power generation facility that can generate power relatively stably other than the group of private power generation facilities. By creating a power generation plan for power generation units other than the private power generation equipment group so as to satisfy all of the above as much as possible, most of the power supply target power demand can be stably supplied. Further, after creating a power generation plan for a power generation unit other than the private power generation facility group, the power supply target power that cannot be satisfied by power generation unit power supply other than the private power generation facility group by power supply of the power generation unit composed of the private power generation facility group By creating a power generation plan for the private power generation facility group so as to satisfy the relatively small balance of demand, the balance can be satisfied without procuring electric power from the outside as much as possible.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a power supply and demand management system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows power generated by a self-managed power generation facility 11 (an example of a power generation unit) managed by a specific-scale electric power company (hereinafter referred to as “PPS” (Power Producer and Supplier)). It is explanatory drawing which showed the mode of the electric power retail consignment business which entrusts to the example of a part using the power transmission line 5 which an electric power company manages and manages.
[0023]
In the above-mentioned power retail consignment business, a plurality of private power generation consumers 1a, which are a part of the consumers 1, are operated by consuming the gas supplied from the gas supply pipe 30, as shown in FIG. A private power generation facility 20 such as a cogeneration system is installed.
Further, of the power generated by the private power generation facility 20, surplus power other than the power consumed by the power consuming unit 28 of the private power generation consumer 1a is reversely flowed to the transmission line 5 to be on the other consumer 1 side. Can be consigned to.
[0024]
Therefore, the PPS generates the power to be supplied that is all or part of the power demand of the customer 1 by the self-managed power generation facility 11 and the power generated by the private power generation facility 20 of the private power generation customer 1a. We will carry out power consignment so that we can be more satisfied.
[0025]
In addition, when the said electric power supply object for electric power feeding is a part of electric power demand of the consumer 1, other imbalance electric power can be satisfied by the electric power purchase from an electric power company, another real-time market, etc.
[0026]
Moreover, the control part 21 for performing operation control of the private power generation equipment 20 provided in the private power generation consumer 1a is comprised by the computer connected to well-known communication networks 6, such as the internet and a private network, and PPS. Is configured to be able to communicate predetermined information with a power supply and demand management system (hereinafter referred to as the present system) 50 that is operated and managed.
[0027]
Specifically, in addition to the power generation amount of the private power generation facility 20 and the output information of various sensors provided in the private power generation facility 20, the control unit 21 transmits and receives power between the power transmission line 5 measured by the power meter 23. The system 50 collects various information such as the state information of the safety equipment 24 such as a breaker, the gas consumption in the private power generation equipment 20 and other gas consumption units 29 measured by the gas meter 31, and the system 50 via the communication network 6. Although the details will be described later, the output control of the private power generation facility 20 can be executed based on the power generation command received from the system 50 via the communication network 6. .
[0028]
Further, even in a non-power generation consumer 1o that does not have the private power generation facility 20 provided with the control unit 21 as described above, as shown in FIG. 3, a communication unit configured by a computer connected to the communication network 6 The communication unit 35 is configured to collect at least information on the amount of power received measured by the power meter 23 and transmit the information to the system 50 via a communication network.
[0029]
The system 50 operated and managed by the PPS includes the control unit 12 of the self-managed power generation facility 11 and the control unit 21 of the private power generation facility 20 provided in the private power generation customer 1a when performing the above power retail consignment. In addition, it is possible to perform computation processing and information communication processing to communicate with the communication unit 35 provided in the non-power generation consumer 1o to execute the power generation plan and power generation command of the self-managed power generation facility 11 and the private power generation facility 20. It is composed of various computers.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 1, the system 50 includes a communication unit 52 that can communicate with the control units 12, 21, the communication unit 35, and the like via a communication network 6, and a non-volatile memory that stores various data. And a computer provided with means 60. The system 50 is configured to function as a supply and demand management unit 54, a private power generation facility group management unit 57, and a self-managed power generation facility management unit 58, which will be described later, by executing a predetermined program.
[0031]
The storage means 60 includes a performance database storing performance data such as the power demand record of the customer 1, the power generation record of the private power generation facility 20, the power generation record of the in-house power generation facility 11, and the demands related to the attributes of each consumer 1 Basic data such as house information, rated output of private power generation equipment 20 and private power generation equipment information related to response availability information described later, power contract information related to power charges contracted between each consumer 1, PPS and electric power company, etc. The stored basic database is assigned.
The storage unit 60 may be configured by an external storage device configured to be able to communicate information with the system 50 via a communication line.
[0032]
Although the detailed configuration will be described later, the private power generation equipment group management means 57 configured in the system 50 is configured to create a private power generation equipment group A composed of a plurality of private power generation facilities 20 installed in a plurality of private power generation consumers 1a. In the case where a plurality of private power generation equipment groups A as described above are provided for each region, including a group management section 57a having a private power generation equipment group management function that is handled and managed as one power generation section, for example, The group management unit 57a can be configured to manage a plurality of private power generation equipment groups A, or a plurality of group management parts 57a can be provided corresponding to each of the multiple private power generation equipment groups A. When a plurality of group management units 54 are provided, each group management unit 57a may be configured by another computer.
Moreover, the private power generation equipment group A as described above may be classified according to the type, capacity, usage mode (pattern operation, adjustment operation), etc. of the private power generation equipment 20 in addition to the area.
[0033]
The self-managed power generation facility management means 58 configured in the system 50 has a self-managed power generation facility management function for managing each of the self-managed power generation facilities 11, which will be described in detail later.
[0034]
In addition, the supply and demand management means 54 configured in the system 50 includes a demand prediction unit 55 for predicting the power demand on the date of power consignment of the customer 1 using the past power demand record of the customer 1 and the like. Based on the power demand on the date of power consignment predicted by the demand prediction unit 55, the power supply of the demand unit 1 by the power supply on the date of power consignment implementation of the self-managed power generation facility 11 and the private power generation facility group A handled as one power generation unit In order to satisfy the power supply target power demand that is at least a part of the power demand, the planned power generation amount of the self-managed power generation facility 11 and the planned power generation amount of the private power generation facility group A on the date of power consignment are calculated. The power generation amount determining unit 56 as a power generation planning means for determining within the power generation possible range of the facility 11 and within the power generation possible range of the private power generation facility group A, the demand forecasting unit 55 and Power program processing is executed by the power generation amount determining unit 56. Then, the demand prediction unit 55 and the power generation amount determination unit 56 manage the power demand of the demand unit 1, the planned power generation amount of the self-managed power generation facility 11 on the date of power consignment, and the planned power generation amount of the private power generation facility group A. Functions as a supply and demand management function.
[0035]
That is, in the present system 50, as shown in FIG. 4, in contrast to the supply and demand management function by the supply and demand management means 54, the private power generation equipment group management function by the private power generation equipment group management means 57 and the self-managed power generation equipment management means. 58, the self-managed power generation facility management function is configured in a hierarchical manner, and the private power generation facility group management function by the private power generation facility group management means 57 corresponds to the private power generation facility 20 in each private power generation facility group. The self-managed power generation facility management function by the self-managed power generation facility management means 58 is configured corresponding to each self-managed power generation facility 11.
[0036]
Further, when the power generation amount of the private power generation facility 20 and the self-managed power generation facility 11 is insufficient with respect to the power demand of the customer 1, the supply and demand management means 54 Procured by purchasing electricity from the power market M such as a company or other real-time market, or conversely, if there is surplus for the power demand of the customer 1, the surplus is sold to the power market M It is possible to have a power-adaptive function for executing a process for
[0037]
Specifically, the power generation amount determination unit 56 of the supply and demand management means 54 can determine each planned power generation amount for the power supply target power demand of the demand unit 1 by each of the following power supply planning methods.
[0038]
As a first power supply planning method, first, in order to satisfy the power supply target power supply by transmitting power only from the self-managed power generation facility 11 which is an example of a power generation unit other than the private power generation facility group A, Determine the planned power generation amount, and then determine the planned power generation amount of the private power generation facility group A so that the missing part is satisfied by the power transmission from the private power generation facility group A handled as one power generation unit. Can do.
[0039]
As a second power supply planning method, the private power generation facility group A is handled as one power generation unit, a certain portion of the power supply target power demand is satisfied by power transmission from the private power generation facility group A, and the remainder is managed by the self-managed power generation facility 11. Each planned power generation amount can be determined so as to satisfy the planned power generation amount.
Moreover, in this method, the amount satisfied by the power transmission of the private power generation equipment group A in the power supply target power supply may be a fixed amount, but in advance, the operation output of each private power generation equipment 20 is obtained. In addition, the power generation operation and the heat main operation are planned to be performed based on the power demand and heat demand of the private power generation consumer 1a, and the total power generation amount of each private power generation facility 20 at that time The power demand may be satisfied by the power transmission of the power generation equipment group A.
In addition, when determining the planned power generation amount of the self-managed power generation facility 11, if all of the power supply target power demand cannot be satisfied, the planned power generation amount of the private power generation facility group A may be corrected again. Absent.
[0040]
As a third power supply planning method, private power generation facility group A is handled as one power generation unit, and each planned power generation amount is determined simultaneously so that the operating efficiency of private power generation facility group A and in-house management facility 11 is optimized. can do.
[0041]
Further, after determining the planned power generation amount of the self-managed power generation facility 11 and the planned power generation amount of the private power generation facility group A, the power generation amount determination unit 56, and the control unit 12 of the self-managed power generation facility 11 and the private power generation A power generation command is transmitted by communication to the control unit 21 of the private power generation facility 20 provided in the consumer 1a.
[0042]
Specifically, for the self-managed power generation facility 11, the planned power generation amount itself determined by the power generation amount determining unit 56 is generated through the self-managed power generation facility group management means 58 on the day before the power consignment execution date. The command is sent to the control unit 12 of the self-managed power generation facility 11. Then, the control unit 12 controls the power generation amount of the self-managed facility 11 on the date of the power consignment to comply with the received power generation command.
[0043]
On the other hand, for the private power generation facility 20, the planned power generation amount of the private power generation facility group A determined by the power generation amount determination unit 56 is temporarily sent to the group management unit 57 a of the private power generation facility group management means 57. . And the group management part 57a is based on the received plan electric power generation amount of the private power generation equipment group A, and the output change ratio of the several private power generation equipment 20 which can transmit the electric power generated to the transmission line 5, or the operation output with respect to a rated output The ratio and the like are determined uniformly, a uniform power generation command is created for each private power generation facility 20, and the power generation command is sent to the control unit 21 of each private power generation facility 20. Then, in the control part 21, it controls so that the electric power generation amount of the private power generation equipment 20 in an electric power commissioning implementation day shall be according to the received electric power generation instruction | command.
[0044]
In addition, the group management unit 57a of the private power generation facility group management means 57 responds in advance to a power generation command such as whether each private power generation facility 20 is in a normal state or an abnormal state from the control unit 21 of each private power generation facility 20. It is possible to collect response availability information regarding availability, and create a uniform power generation command only with the private power generation facility 20 capable of responding to the planned power generation amount of the private power generation facility group A with reference to the response availability information. By configuring in this way, the power generation amount of the private power generation equipment group A can be reliably set as the power generation plan.
[0045]
In this way, by performing the power generation plan and the power generation command, the power generation amount of the private power generation equipment group A can be adapted to the power generation plan, and further, without managing the private power generation equipment 20 individually. Since a plurality of units are managed as a single power generation unit, the management cost can be kept as small as possible.
[0046]
In addition, the group management unit 57a of the private power generation facility group management means 57 sends each power generation facility 20 from each control unit 21 on the power transfer date after transmitting the power generation command to each private power generation facility 20. Is collected via the communication network 6 to recognize whether each private power generation facility 20 is operating in accordance with the power generation command sent the previous day, and the response of each private power generation facility 20 to the power generation command. It is configured to determine sex. And this system 50 can recognize the driving | running state and abnormal state of each private power generation equipment 20, and the power generation surplus amount of each private power generation equipment 20 by such a determination result, and it can be used as a subsequent power generation. It can be reflected in the plan and its revision.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power supply and demand management system and a state of power consignment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state of a private power generation consumer. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state of a non-power generation consumer. A diagram showing the correspondence between functions in the power supply and demand management system [Explanation of symbols]
1: Customer 1a: Private power generation customer 1o: Non-power generation consumer 5: Transmission line 6: Communication network 11: In-house management power generation equipment 20: Private power generation equipment 50: Power supply / demand management system 54: Supply / demand management means 56: Power generation amount Decision part (power generation planning means)
57: Private power generation facility group management means 58: Self-managed power generation facility management means 60: Storage means

Claims

A power supply and demand management system used in the electric power business that entrusts power from the power generation department to the demand department,
As a single power generation unit, a group of private power generation facilities consisting of a plurality of private power generation facilities owned by a plurality of private power generation demand units, the power demand of the demand unit including the plurality of private power generation demand units by feeding from the power generation unit In order to satisfy at least part of the power supply target power demand, the power generation planning means for creating a power generation plan for each power generation unit is provided , and the private power generation facility group regarded as the one power generation unit by the power generation planning unit Based on the power generation plan created for each private power generation facility, a uniform power generation command for each private power generation facility is created so as to uniformly determine the share of each private power generation facility constituting the private power generation facility group. A power supply and demand management system comprising private power generation equipment group management means for transmitting the uniform power generation command to equipment .

After the private power generation facility group management means transmits the power generation command to each private power generation facility, the power generation command transmitted to each private power generation facility is monitored by monitoring the power generation amount of each private power generation facility. The power supply and demand management system according to claim 1 , wherein responsiveness of each of the private power generation facilities is determined.

The private power generation facility group management means recognizes response availability information regarding the availability of response to the power generation command of each private power generation facility, and generates a power generation command created with reference to the response availability information for each private power generation facility. The power supply and demand management system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the power supply and demand management system is transmitted.

The power generation planning means creates a power generation plan for a power generation unit other than the private power generation facility group after creating a power generation plan for the power generation unit composed of the private power generation facility group for the power supply target power demand. The power supply and demand management system according to any one of items 1 to 3 .

The power generation planning means creates a power generation plan for a power generation unit composed of the private power generation facility group after creating a power generation plan for a power generation unit other than the private power generation facility group for the power supply target power demand. The power supply and demand management system according to any one of items 1 to 3 .