JP3857672B2 - Coated conductor and artificial dielectric - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a coated conductor coated with a conductor and an artificial dielectric having the coated conductor.

  As the dielectric, there is concrete whose dielectric constant is increased by containing a conductive material (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  Here, in this concrete, in order to increase the dielectric constant, the concentration of the conductive material is increased to increase the number of gaps between the conductive materials, and the gap between the conductive materials is narrowed. There is a need to reduce the substantial length of the conductive material without contact.

However, in this concrete, when the arrangement concentration of the conductive material is increased, the conductive materials come into contact with each other and the substantial length of the conductive material is increased, thereby increasing the conductivity and increasing the dielectric constant. There is a problem that you can not.
JP-A-6-29687

  In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to obtain a coated conductor capable of suppressing or preventing contact of a conductor with a nearby conductor and an artificial dielectric capable of increasing a dielectric constant.

Coated conductor according to claim 1 is lengthened compared to the thickness as well as have a conductive, for accumulating electric field energy between the near conductor having conductivity are arranged in the vicinity and conductors are lengthened relative to the thickness as well as have a insulating, a, an insulator covering along the longitudinal direction in a state in which the conductor was discontinuous in the longitudinal direction Yes.

The coated conductor according to claim 2 is the coated conductor according to claim 1 , wherein the insulator has a configuration in which a conductive material having conductivity is dispersed and has a higher dielectric constant than the conductor. It is characterized in that at least one of the configurations having the dielectric material is included.

The artificial dielectric according to claim 3 is conductive and has an insulating property and a thickness compared with the thickness in a state where the length of the conductive material is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction. And it has the covering conductor coat | covered along the longitudinal direction of the said insulator with the insulator lengthened .

The artificial dielectric according to claim 4 is the artificial dielectric according to claim 3 , wherein the insulator has a structure in which a conductive material having conductivity is dispersed and has a higher dielectric constant than the conductor. It is characterized in that at least one of the configurations having the dielectric material is included.

The artificial dielectric according to claim 5 is the artificial dielectric according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein the conductive dielectric between the coated conductors has a higher dielectric constant than the conductive material having conductivity and the conductor. It has at least one of the dielectric material which has these.

The artificial dielectric according to claim 6 is characterized in that in the artificial dielectric according to any one of claims 3 to 5 , the artificial dielectric has a base material mixed with the covered conductor.

An artificial dielectric according to a seventh aspect is characterized in that in the artificial dielectric according to any one of the third to sixth aspects, the covered conductor is combined.

  In the coated conductor according to the first aspect, the insulator is coated with the conductor for accumulating electric field energy with the neighboring conductor. For this reason, the insulator can suppress or prevent contact between the conductor and the nearby conductor, and electric field energy can be accumulated with high probability between the conductor and the nearby conductor.

  In the covered conductor according to claim 2, since the conductor is covered with the insulator in a discontinuous state, each discontinuous conductor can be shortened, and the conductor and the nearby conductor The electric field energy accumulated between the body can be increased.

In the coated conductor according to claim 2 , since the insulator is at least one of a configuration in which the conductive material is dispersed and a configuration having a dielectric material, the dielectric constant of the insulator can be increased, The electric field energy accumulated between the body and the nearby conductor can be increased.

In the artificial dielectric according to the third aspect , since the conductor has the coated conductor covered with the insulator, the contact between the conductors is suppressed or prevented by the insulator. For this reason, the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric can be increased.

Further , since the conductor is covered with the insulator in a discontinuous state, each discontinuous conductor is shortened. For this reason, the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric can be further increased.

In the artificial dielectric according to the fourth aspect , since the insulator is at least one of the configuration in which the conductive material is dispersed and the configuration having the dielectric material, the dielectric constant of the insulator is increased. For this reason, the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric can be further increased.

In the artificial dielectric according to claim 5 , since at least one of the conductive material and the dielectric material is provided between the coated conductors, the dielectric constant between the coated conductors is increased. For this reason, the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric can be further increased.

In the artificial dielectric according to the sixth aspect , since the coated conductor is mixed in the base material, the position of the coated conductor can be fixed.

In the artificial dielectric according to the seventh aspect , since the covering conductor is combined, the position of the covering conductor can be fixed.

  FIG. 1A shows a coated conductor 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention in a perspective view, and FIG. 2A shows this coated conductor 10 in a sectional view. ing.

  The coated conductor 10 according to the present embodiment has conductive fibers 12 as conductors or nearby conductors, and the conductive fibers 12 are made of metal fibers, carbon fibers, or the like, and have a circular cross section. And has high conductivity. The length of the conductive fiber 12 is set to be equal to or shorter than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave described later (particularly shorter than ¼ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave) and sufficiently long compared to the thickness of the conductive fiber 12 (particularly conductive). It is preferable to be longer than 10 times the thickness of the conductive fiber 12).

  The outer periphery of the conductive fiber 12 is coated (coated) with an insulating coating 14 as an insulator. The insulating coating 14 has a cylindrical shape with an annular cross section and has insulating properties. The insulating coating 14 is made of various resins such as high molecular compounds such as silicon and nylon, fluorine resins such as enamel and Teflon (registered trademark), and heat resistant resins such as polyimide.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the conductive fiber 12 has high conductivity as a metal fiber, carbon fiber, or the like on the outer periphery of the insulating core material 16 having a circular cross-sectional shape. Moreover, you may use what coat | covered (coating) the electroconductive film 18 made into the cylindrical shape of a cross-sectional ring shape.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2B, a plurality of conductive fibers 12 may be discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the coated conductor 10. In this case, the length of each conductive fiber 12 made discontinuous is set to be equal to or less than the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave described later (particularly shorter than ¼ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave), and the thickness of the conductive fiber 12 is reduced. Is sufficiently long (in particular, longer than 10 times the thickness of the conductive fiber 12). The coated conductor 10 is manufactured, for example, by pulling the coated conductor 10 in the longitudinal direction, so that the conductive fibers 12 are cut into a plurality of pieces in the insulating coating 14 in the longitudinal direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, powdery mixed powder 20 as a conductive material or a dielectric material may be dispersed and mixed in the insulating coating 14. In this case, the mixed powder 20 is a highly conductive material powder having a high conductivity such as a metal powder or carbon powder, or a ferroelectric material powder having a high dielectric constant such as a ceramic powder (for example, barium titanate powder). ing.

  4 and 5 are sectional views of the artificial dielectric 30 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  The artificial dielectric 30 shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B) has a plate shape, and the coated conductor 10 in which the conductive fibers 12 are not discontinuous is formed as a matrix 32 as a base material. It is mixed in. The matrix 32 may be anything as long as it can constitute a plate material. For example, gypsum, calcium silicate, epoxy, acrylic, mortar, rubber, silicon, vinyl chloride, urea resin, Teflon (registered trademark), polyimide, earth, ABS ( Acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene) resin, cellulose and the like. Further, the matrix 32 may be a ferroelectric material having a high dielectric constant as a dielectric material such as ceramics (for example, barium titanate), and the mixed powder 20 as a conductive material or a dielectric material. May be dispersed and mixed.

  In FIG. 4A, the coated conductors 10 are mixed in the matrix 32 in a state of being irregularly (randomly) arranged two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally. On the other hand, in FIG. 4B, the coated conductors 10 are mixed in the matrix 32 in a state of being regularly (parallel) arranged.

  In the artificial dielectric 30 shown in FIG. 5A, the coated conductor 10 in which the conductive fibers 12 are discontinuous is entangled (combined) and irregularly arranged two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally. Has been. On the other hand, in the artificial dielectric 30 shown in FIG. 5B, the coated conductor 10 in which the conductive fibers 12 are discontinuous is woven (combined) by various weaving methods (plain weaving in parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions). Have been made into two-dimensional or three-dimensional fabrics.

  The artificial dielectric 30 shown in FIG. 5A or FIG. 5B may have a configuration in which the combined coated conductors 10 are mixed into the matrix 32 to form a plate shape.

  Here, the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric 30 is increased by the conductive fibers 12, and when electromagnetic waves arrive at the artificial dielectric 30, the electric field energy is periodically generated between the conductive fibers 12 that are not electrically connected to each other. By being accumulated and emitted, a propagation delay occurs in the electromagnetic wave that passes through the artificial dielectric 30.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.

  In the artificial dielectric 30 having the above configuration, since the conductive fiber 12 has the coated conductor 10 coated with the insulating coating 14, the insulating coating 14 suppresses or prevents contact between the conductive fibers 12. Thus, conduction between the conductive fibers 12 is suppressed or prevented. In addition, although the both end surfaces of each conductive fiber 12 are not coat | covered with the insulating film 14, the probability that the end surfaces of the conductive fiber 12 contact is very low. For this reason, even when the conductive fibers 12 are arranged at a high concentration to increase the number of gaps between the conductive fibers 12 and to narrow the gaps between the conductive fibers 12, the electric field energy is extremely reduced between the conductive fibers 12. In addition to being able to accumulate with high probability, the substantial length of the conductive fiber 12 can be shortened with extremely high probability, and the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric 30 can be increased.

  Further, in the coated conductor 10 coated with the insulating coating 14 in a state where the plurality of conductive fibers 12 are discontinuous, each of the discontinuous conductive fibers 12 is shortened. For this reason, the electric field energy accumulated between the conductive fibers 12 can be increased, and the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric 30 can be further increased.

  Furthermore, in the coated conductor 10 in which the mixed powder 20 (strong conductive material powder or ferroelectric material powder) is dispersed and mixed in the insulating coating 14, the dielectric constant of the insulating coating 14 is increased. For this reason, the electric field energy accumulated between the conductive fibers 12 can be increased, and the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric 30 can be further increased.

  Further, in the artificial dielectric 30 in which the matrix 32 is made of a ferroelectric material and in the artificial dielectric 30 in which the mixed powder 20 (ferroelectric material powder or ferroelectric material powder) is dispersed and mixed in the matrix 32, the coated conductor is used. The dielectric constant between 10 increases. For this reason, the electric field energy accumulated between the conductive fibers 12 can be increased, and the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric 30 can be further increased.

  In the artificial dielectric 30 in which the coated conductor 10 is mixed in the matrix 32 or the artificial dielectric 30 in which the coated conductor 10 is combined (the artificial dielectric 30 in which the conductive fibers 12 are entangled or woven), the coated conductive The position of the body 10 can be fixed.

  In the present embodiment, the conductive material is the conductive fiber 12, but the conductive material may be granular or particulate.

(Application example)
FIG. 6A shows a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic wave absorber 40 according to the first application example.

  In the electromagnetic wave absorber 40 according to the first application example, a film-like reflective film 42 having conductivity is provided on the back surface, and the artificial dielectric 30 according to the above embodiment is provided on the front side of the reflective film 42. Yes. Furthermore, a split conductive film 44 is provided on the front side of the artificial dielectric 30 (the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorber 40). In the split conductive film 44, a plurality of conductive rectangular film conductors 46 are spaced from each other. They are arranged in a grid pattern with a gap between them.

  In the electromagnetic wave absorber 40, the electromagnetic wave that has arrived from the front side is reflected, absorbed, and transmitted by the divided conductive film 44 (the plurality of conductors 46), and is absorbed and transmitted by the artificial dielectric 30. Reflected and absorbed. For this reason, the incoming electromagnetic wave and the electromagnetic wave reflected by the reflective film 42 and transmitted through the divided conductive film 44 through the artificial dielectric 30 (including electromagnetic waves that are multiple-reflected between the divided conductive film 44 and the reflective film 42). ) Interfere with each other and cancel each other, so that electromagnetic waves coming from the front side are absorbed.

  Here, in the electromagnetic wave absorber 40, since the dielectric constant of the artificial dielectric 30 is increased as described above, the electromagnetic wave passes through the artificial dielectric 30 as well as when the electromagnetic wave passes through the divided conductive film 44. In some cases, the propagation delay of electromagnetic waves is effectively generated. Thereby, the thickness of the artificial dielectric 30 is set to ¼ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave (the minimum thickness at which the electromagnetic wave that has arrived and the electromagnetic wave reflected by the reflective film 42 cancel each other when no propagation delay of the electromagnetic wave occurs). The thickness of the electromagnetic wave absorber 40 can be significantly reduced.

  FIG. 6B shows a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic wave absorber 50 according to the second application example.

  In the electromagnetic wave absorber 50 according to the second application example, the reflective film 42 is provided in the center in the thickness direction, and the artificial dielectric 30 is provided on the front side and the back side of the reflective film 42. A divided conductive film 44 is provided on the anti-reflective film 42 side of each artificial dielectric 30, and a sheet-like decorative sheet 52 is provided on the anti-artificial dielectric 30 side of each divided conductive film 44.

  In this electromagnetic wave absorber 50, electromagnetic waves that have arrived from the front side and the back side (electromagnetic waves that have passed through the decorative sheet 52) are absorbed in the same manner as in the first application example.

  Here, even when the electromagnetic wave absorber 50 can absorb electromagnetic waves coming from the front side and the back side in this way, the thickness of each artificial dielectric 30 is significantly larger than ¼ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves as in the first application example. The thickness of the electromagnetic wave absorber 50 can be reduced.

  FIG. 6C shows an electromagnetic wave absorber 60 according to a third application example in a cross-sectional view.

  The electromagnetic wave absorber 60 according to the third application example includes the electromagnetic wave absorber 40 according to the first application example. On the front side of the electromagnetic wave absorber 40 (the front side of the divided conductive film 44), a nonflammable plate-like incombustible member 62 (for example, a gypsum board or a silicate board) is attached, and the electromagnetic wave absorber 60 is an incombustible member. 62 is nonflammable.

  In this electromagnetic wave absorber 60, the electromagnetic wave that has arrived from the front side (the electromagnetic wave that has passed through the non-combustible member 62) is absorbed in the same manner as in the first application example.

  Here, even when the electromagnetic wave absorber 60 is incombustible due to the non-combustible member 62 as described above, the thickness of the artificial dielectric 30 is significantly larger than ¼ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave as in the first application example. The thickness of the electromagnetic wave absorber 60 can be reduced.

  FIG. 6D shows a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic wave absorber 70 according to the fourth application example.

  In the electromagnetic wave absorber 70 according to the fourth application example, the reflective film 42 is provided on the back surface, and the artificial dielectric 30 is provided on the front side of the reflective film 42. Further, a divided conductive film 44 is provided inside the artificial dielectric 30 (approximately in the center in the thickness direction), and the artificial dielectric 30 is also provided in the gap between the conductors 46 in the divided conductive film 44.

  In this electromagnetic wave absorber 70, the electromagnetic wave coming from the front side is reflected and transmitted by the surface (the surface of the artificial dielectric 30), and is absorbed and transmitted by the artificial dielectric 30 and the divided conductive film 44. 42 is reflected and absorbed. For this reason, the incoming electromagnetic wave and the electromagnetic wave reflected by the reflective film 42 and transmitted through the artificial dielectric 30 and the divided conductive film 44 (including electromagnetic waves that are multiple-reflected between the surface and the reflective film 42) are mutually connected. By interfering and canceling, electromagnetic waves coming from the front side are absorbed.

  Here, also in this electromagnetic wave absorber 70, the thickness of the artificial dielectric 30 can be made much thinner than ¼ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, as in the first application example, and the thickness of the electromagnetic wave absorber 70 can be reduced. Can be significantly thinner.

  FIG. 6E shows a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic wave absorber 80 according to the fifth application example.

  The electromagnetic wave absorber 80 according to the fifth application example includes the electromagnetic wave absorber 70 according to the fourth application example, and a matching film 82 (absorption film) is provided on the surface (the front side of the artificial dielectric 30).

  In this electromagnetic wave absorber 80, the electromagnetic wave coming from the front side is reflected, absorbed and transmitted by the matching film 82, absorbed and transmitted by the artificial dielectric 30 and the divided conductive film 44, and reflected and reflected by the reflective film 42. Absorbed. For this reason, the incoming electromagnetic wave and the electromagnetic wave reflected by the reflective film 42 and transmitted through the matching film 82 through the artificial dielectric 30 and the divided conductive film 44 (the electromagnetic waves multiple-reflected between the matching film 82 and the reflective film 42). And the like, the electromagnetic waves arriving from the front side are absorbed.

  Here, also in this electromagnetic wave absorber 80, the thickness of the artificial dielectric 30 can be made much thinner than ¼ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, as in the first application example, and the thickness of the electromagnetic wave absorber 80 can be reduced. Can be significantly thinner.

  FIG. 6F shows a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic wave absorber 90 according to the sixth application example.

  In the electromagnetic wave absorber 90 according to the sixth application example, the reflective film 42 is provided on the back surface, and the artificial dielectric 30 is provided on the front side of the reflective film 42. Further, a matching film 82 is provided on the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorber 90 (the front side of the artificial dielectric 30).

  In the electromagnetic wave absorber 90, the electromagnetic wave coming from the front side is reflected, absorbed and transmitted by the matching film 82, absorbed and transmitted by the artificial dielectric 30, and reflected and absorbed by the reflective film 42. Therefore, an incoming electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave reflected by the reflective film 42 and transmitted through the matching film 82 through the artificial dielectric 30 (including an electromagnetic wave multiple-reflected between the matching film 82 and the reflective film 42), Interfere with each other and cancel each other, so that electromagnetic waves coming from the front side are absorbed.

  Here, also in this electromagnetic wave absorber 90, the thickness of the artificial dielectric 30 can be made thinner than ¼ of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave as in the first application example, and the thickness of the electromagnetic wave absorber 90 is reduced. be able to.

  As described above, in the first to sixth application examples, since the thickness of the artificial dielectric 30 can be reduced, the artificial dielectric 30 can be made inexpensive and light, and the electromagnetic wave can be made inexpensive and lightweight. Absorbers 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 can be made.

(A) And (B) is a perspective view which shows the film conductor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) And (B) is sectional drawing which shows the film conductor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the film conductor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) And (B) is sectional drawing which shows the artificial dielectric material which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) And (B) is a top view which shows the artificial dielectric material which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the electromagnetic wave absorber which concerns on a 1st application example thru | or a 6th application example.

Explanation of symbols

10 Coated conductor 12 Conductive fiber (conductor, nearby conductor)
14 Insulating coating (insulator)
20 Mixed powder (conductive material, dielectric material)
30 Artificial dielectric 32 Matrix (base material)

Claims (7)

Is lengthened compared to the thickness as well as have a conductivity, and conductors for storing electric field energy between the near conductor having conductivity are arranged in the vicinity,
It is lengthened compared to the thickness as well as organic insulating properties and insulator cladding in the longitudinal direction in a state in which the conductor was discontinuous in the longitudinal direction,
A coated conductor having: 2. The insulator is at least one of a configuration in which a conductive material having conductivity is dispersed and a configuration having a dielectric material having a dielectric constant higher than that of the conductor. The coated conductor as described. A conductor that has conductivity and has a length that is longer than the thickness of the conductor is made discontinuous in the longitudinal direction, and has an insulating property that has a length that is longer than that of the thickness. An artificial dielectric having a coated conductor coated along a longitudinal direction of the insulator. 4. The insulator is at least one of a configuration in which a conductive material having conductivity is dispersed and a configuration having a dielectric material having a higher dielectric constant than the conductor. The described artificial dielectric. 5. The artificial material according to claim 3, wherein at least one of a conductive material having conductivity and a dielectric material having a higher dielectric constant than that of the conductor is provided between the covered conductors. Dielectric. The artificial dielectric according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising a base material mixed with the covering conductor. The artificial dielectric according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the covering conductors are combined.

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