JP3851245B2 - Stirling cold supply system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a Stirling cold energy supply system that can supply cold energy generated using a Stirling refrigerator to a cold energy utilization device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The Stirling refrigerator can be reduced in size, has a high coefficient of performance and refrigeration efficiency, has a feature that the generated temperature range can be lowered, and has a feature that it can be easily replaced with Freon in recent global environmental problems.
[0003]
For this purpose, including commercial and household cold-use equipment such as freezers, refrigerators, throw-in coolers, etc., low-temperature liquid circulators, low-temperature thermostats, thermostats, heat shock test equipment, freeze dryers, temperature characteristic test equipment, Application as a cold heat supply source in blood / cell storage devices, cold coolers, various measuring devices, and the like is being studied.
[0004]
The Stirling cold heat supply system is a system that can supply cold heat using such a Stirling refrigerator, and a Stirling refrigerator that compresses and expands the working gas to generate cold to cool the cold head, and the Stirling refrigerator There is a cold heat transfer device that transfers the cold generated in the heat to equipment that uses cold heat, a cooling water device that absorbs the heat of the working gas and dissipates it to the atmosphere, a Stirling refrigerator, a cold heat transfer device, a control device that controls the cooling water device, etc. However, these are housed in a housing.
[0005]
Then, the working gas is compressed and expanded by a Stirling refrigerator to generate cold, and the cold head is cooled by this cold.
[0006]
The cold heat transfer device is configured by connecting a cold energy utilization device and a cold head by a secondary refrigerant pipe, and circulating the secondary refrigerant through the secondary refrigerant pipe to cause the cold heat generated in the Stirling refrigerator to be used as the cold heat utilization device. Transport.
[0007]
The cooling water device also supplies a working gas side heat exchanger (incorporated in the Stirling refrigerator) and a radiator for exchanging heat with the working gas whose temperature has risen when the working gas is compressed by a Stirling refrigerator. It is configured to be connected by piping, and cooling water is circulated through the water rejection piping to radiate the heat of the working gas to the atmosphere.
[0008]
And a housing | casing accommodates a Stirling refrigerator, a cooling water apparatus, a cooling-heat transfer apparatus, etc., and the control apparatus is attached to the upper part of the said housing | casing.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above configuration, since the Stirling refrigerator, the cold heat transfer device, and the like are housed in the casing, and these are densely provided for the miniaturization of the system, the air stagnation point is generated and the atmosphere is generated. There is a problem that is easy to get angry.
[0010]
For this reason, it is conceivable to enlarge the exhaust port, but if it is made larger than necessary, there is a problem that the operation sound of the Stirling refrigerator leaks as noise.
[0011]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a Stirling cold supply system that prevents the atmosphere from spilling into the housing and prevents noise from leaking out.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a Stirling refrigerator that compresses and expands a working gas to generate cold, and a cold heat transfer device that transfers cold generated by the Stirling refrigerator to a cold energy utilization device; In a Stirling cold supply system having a cooling water device that absorbs the heat of the working gas and dissipates heat to the atmosphere via the radiator, and a housing that houses these, the radiator is installed facing the back panel of the housing In addition, an air intake port for intake air through the radiator is formed in the rear panel, and a Stirling refrigerator is installed facing the front panel of the housing, and an air exhaust port for discharging outside the device is provided. Formed on the front panelAnd the bottom plate of the housing is divided and the area of the exhaust port is made larger than the area of the intake portIt is characterized by that.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the upper end portion of the exhaust port is provided at a position higher than the upper end portion of the intake port.
[0015]
  Claim3The invention according to the present invention is characterized in that the opening ratio between the intake port and the exhaust port is set to be 1: 1.2 to 1: 1.5.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a Stirling cold supply system 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the inside thereof. In FIG. 2, a specific configuration of a control device to be described later is not shown.
[0017]
FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of the Stirling cold supply system 1.
[0018]
The Stirling cold supply system 1 includes two Stirling refrigerators 4 that generate cold, a cooling water device 5 that absorbs heat of the working gas in the Stirling refrigerator 4 and dissipates heat to the atmosphere, and a secondary refrigerant (for example, HFE). : Hydrofluoroether) is circulated between the Stirling refrigerator 4 and the refrigeration unit 4, and the cold heat transfer device 6 that supplies the cold energy generated in the Stirling refrigerator 4 to the cold energy utilization device 3 and the cold energy utilization device 3 are required. A control device case 7 in which a control device for controlling the Stirling refrigerator 4 and the like is accommodated, and a housing 8 in which these are accommodated, are the main components so that the amount of cold heat can be supplied.
[0019]
The Stirling refrigerator 4 is operated with a constant capacity, and the amount of cold heat supplied is adjusted by performing intermittent operation according to the required state of cold heat.
[0020]
For this reason, when the heat load fluctuation | variation in the cold energy utilization apparatus 3 arises, when it is going to supply cold heat which suppresses the said heat load fluctuation | variation rapidly, it is necessary to use the large Stirling refrigerator which can supply a lot of cold heat. is there.
[0021]
However, a large Stirling refrigerator increases the cost significantly, and the Stirling refrigerator is always operated with a constant capacity even during intermittent operation. In such a case, a large amount of excess cooling heat is generated, which causes a problem of poor economic efficiency.
[0022]
Therefore, it is conceivable to operate a plurality of small Stirling refrigerators according to the required amount of cold heat.
[0023]
At this time, there are a method of circulating the secondary refrigerant in series with respect to a plurality of Stirling refrigerators and a method of circulating the secondary refrigerant in parallel.
[0024]
In the method of circulating in parallel, since the secondary refrigerant circulates in a divided manner to each Stirling refrigerator, the amount of the secondary refrigerant can be increased, but the temperature decrease rate of the secondary refrigerant is not much different from the case of one Stirling refrigerator.
[0025]
In addition, as described above, since the Stirling refrigerator controls the amount of supplied cold by repeating operation and stop, when circulating in parallel, all Stirling refrigerators must be operated and stopped simultaneously. Efficient cooling supply is not possible.
[0026]
For this reason, the operation stop interval is shortened, and the load on the control component (for example, the number of times the power switch is turned on / off) is increased.
[0027]
On the other hand, in the method of circulating in series, since the secondary refrigerant sequentially circulates through a plurality of Stirling refrigerators, it is difficult to increase the amount of secondary refrigerant, but the temperature decrease rate of the secondary refrigerant is reduced. It can be enlarged.
[0028]
In addition, since it is possible to individually control the operation stop of the Stalin refrigerator, there is an advantage that the operation stop interval can be lengthened and the control load on the control component is reduced.
[0029]
From such a viewpoint, the present invention employs a configuration in which two or more Stirling refrigerators 4 are connected in series.
[0030]
When two or more Stirling refrigerators are used, the respective Stirling refrigerators 4 have the same configuration. Therefore, when it is necessary to particularly distinguish them, the first Stirling refrigerator 4a and the second Stirling refrigerator are used. When it is described as 4b or the like and does not need to be distinguished, it is simply described as Stirling refrigerator 4.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 4, the Stirling refrigerator 4 includes a crank portion 12 that converts rotational power of the motor 11 into reciprocating power, and a compression piston 14 that is formed by reciprocating the compression cylinder 15. A compression portion 17 that compresses the working gas in the space 16, an expansion portion 21 that expands the working gas in the expansion space 20 formed between the expansion piston 18 by reciprocating movement in the expansion cylinder 19, and a compression space 16 and the expansion space 20 are communicated with each other, and a heat storage unit 22 made of a metal mesh sheet or the like provided in the gas flow path S is provided.
[0032]
In the Stirling refrigerator 4, the crank portion 12 is housed in a crank housing 24 that forms a crank chamber 23. The crank 26 is connected to the motor shaft 25, the connecting rod 27 is connected to the crank 26 at one end, and the connecting rod 27. The cross guide head 28 is connected to the other end of the cross guide head 28, and a cross guide liner 29 that restricts the movement direction of the cross guide head 28 in one direction.
[0033]
Thereby, the rotational power of the motor 11 is converted into reciprocating power by the crank portion 12, and the compression piston 14 and the expansion piston 18 reciprocate.
[0034]
The expansion piston 18 moves with a phase advance of approximately 90 degrees with respect to the compression piston 14.
[0035]
Further, the compression piston 14 and the expansion piston 18 are connected to the cross guide head 28 via the piston rod 30, and one end thereof is closely attached and fixed to the piston rod 30, and the other end thereof is closely attached to the fixed plate 36. A fixed oil seal bellows 37 is provided.
[0036]
The oil seal bellows 37 is a metal bellows that expands and contracts with the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 30 and always airtightly separates the space on the compression piston 14 and expansion piston 18 side and the space on the cross guide side. .
[0037]
As a result, the oil 38 that lubricates the cross guide head 28 and the like adheres to the compression piston 14 and the expansion piston 18 and prevents the refrigerating efficiency from being lowered due to the oil 38 entering the compression space 16 and the expansion space 20.
[0038]
Further, a space (called a back pressure chamber) 39 sandwiched between the oil seal bellows 37 and the compression piston 14 or the expansion piston 18 is in an airtight state, and the back pressure is generated by the reciprocating motion of the compression piston 14 or the expansion piston 18. Since the atmosphere of the chamber 39 is compressed and expanded, the energy becomes a motor load, and the efficiency of generating cold heat is reduced.
[0039]
Therefore, a buffer tank 41 in which the back pressure chamber 39 and the crank chamber 23 are connected via a bellows 40 is provided.
[0040]
Further, the working gas side heat exchanger 35 is provided so as to cover the compression space 16 or to surround the gas flow path S that communicates the compression space 16 and the heat storage unit 22 so that the cooling water circulates. ing.
[0041]
When the compression piston 14 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the working gas in the compression space 16 is compressed. During this time, the expansion piston 18 moves upward, reaches the top dead center, and then moves downward.
[0042]
The working gas compressed with the upward movement of the compression piston 14 flows through the gas flow path S and is sent to the expansion portion 21 side. When the expansion piston 18 moves downward, the working gas passes through the heat storage portion 22 and expands. 20 is sent.
[0043]
When the working gas passes through the heat storage unit 22, the heat is stored in the heat storage unit 22.
[0044]
As the expansion piston 18 reaches bottom dead center, the compression piston 14 moves from top dead center to bottom dead center, and the working gas expands.
[0045]
Since the expansion process at this time is an isothermal expansion process, the heat absorption associated with the expansion is performed via a cold heat source side heat exchanger (cold head) 45 provided at the top of the expansion space. As a result, the heat source side heat exchange is performed. The temperature of the vessel 45 decreases and cold heat is generated.
[0046]
As the compression piston 14 approaches the bottom dead center, the expansion piston 18 starts to move upward, and the working gas passes through the gas flow path S and exchanges heat in the heat storage unit 22 and returns to the compression space 16.
[0047]
Such a cycle is operated as one cycle, and the cold energy of the cold heat source side heat exchanger 45 is used for the cold energy utilization device 3.
[0048]
The cold heat transfer device 6 includes a cold heat source side heat exchanger (cold heat source side heat exchanger 45) for exchanging heat between the cold heat and the secondary refrigerant, a secondary refrigerant pump 46 for circulating the secondary refrigerant to the cold heat utilization device 3, and circulation. Tank 47 for adjusting the amount of secondary refrigerant to be performed, gas-liquid separator 48 for performing gas-liquid separation of the secondary refrigerant returned from the cold energy utilization device 3 side and returning only the liquid to the secondary refrigerant pump 46, utilization of cold energy A pressure adjusting bellows 49 for absorbing a pressure change in the secondary refrigerant circuit caused by supplying cold heat from the device 3 is provided.
[0049]
The secondary refrigerant circulates through the second cold heat source side heat exchanger 45b, the first cold heat source side heat exchanger 45a, the cold energy utilization device 3, and the secondary refrigerant pump 46.
[0050]
At this time, since the secondary refrigerant returned from the cold energy utilization device 3 is in a gas-liquid mixed state, the gas-liquid separator 48 is disposed between the cold heat utilization device 3 and the secondary refrigerant pump 46 in order to separate the secondary refrigerant. The pipe 52 is provided.
[0051]
This gas-liquid separator 48 returns the liquid secondary refrigerant to the secondary refrigerant circuit, the gas-liquid separation pipe 44 provided upright on the pipe 52 between the cold energy utilization device 3 and the secondary refrigerant pump 46. A liquid return pipe 50, a gas recovery pipe 51 for guiding the gas-liquid separated secondary refrigerant to the tank, and the like are formed.
[0052]
Note that the gas-liquid separation tube 44 and the liquid return tube 50 have a substantially inverted U-shape communicating with each other, and a gas recovery tube 51 is connected in the vicinity of the top.
[0053]
Thereby, when the secondary refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed state flows and returns to the secondary refrigerant pump 46, the gaseous secondary refrigerant rises in the gas-liquid separation pipe 44 and gas-liquid separation is performed. The secondary refrigerant is recovered in the tank 47.
[0054]
As a result of the gas-liquid separation, only the liquid secondary refrigerant returns to the secondary refrigerant pump 46, and inconvenience such as air biting in the secondary refrigerant pump 46 can be prevented.
[0055]
The gaseous secondary refrigerant that has risen in the gas-liquid separator 48 is recovered in the tank 47 through the gas recovery pipe 51, but is condensed when the temperature in the tank 47 is lower than the condensation temperature. Stored.
[0056]
Of course, when the gaseous secondary refrigerant is rising in the gas-liquid separator 48, it may be condensed and liquefied, or the minute liquid secondary refrigerant may rise together with the gaseous secondary refrigerant. In this case, the liquid secondary refrigerant returns to the secondary refrigerant circuit through the gas-liquid separator 48 or the liquid return pipe 50.
[0057]
The tank 47 is provided with a level meter 54 for silently checking the amount of secondary refrigerant stored in the tank 47, and a plurality of levels for detecting that the amount of secondary refrigerant has reached a predetermined amount. A level sensor 55 is provided.
[0058]
In addition, a pressure adjusting bellows 49 for adjusting the pressure of the secondary refrigerant circuit is connected to the upper space of the tank 47 through the gas recovery pipe 51 and the gas-liquid separation pipe 44, and the internal pressure of the tank 47 is higher than a predetermined pressure. In this case, a safety valve 57 that opens, a tank vent 58 that allows the tank 47 to be forcibly opened, a secondary refrigerant injection valve 59 that is used when the secondary refrigerant is injected, and the like are provided.
[0059]
The pressure adjusting bellows 49, the safety valve 57, the tank vent 58, and the secondary refrigerant injection valve 59 are provided in a rectangular block 60, which is a metal general-purpose product having a through hole 74 therein as shown in FIGS. The corner block 60 is mounted on the upper portion of the tank 47.
[0060]
The secondary refrigerant turned into gas may be collected in the tank 47, or a leak may occur, resulting in a shortage of the amount of secondary refrigerant circulating in the secondary refrigerant circuit, and conversely for some reason. There is a concern that the amount of secondary refrigerant becomes excessive.
[0061]
Accordingly, a liquid replenishment pipe 61 and a liquid recovery pipe 62 are provided on the bottom side of the tank 47 in which the liquid secondary refrigerant is stored.
[0062]
The liquid replenishing pipe 61 is connected to the liquid return pipe 50, and a liquid replenishing valve 63 is provided between them. By opening the liquid replenishing valve 63, the secondary refrigerant circuit can be replenished with the secondary refrigerant. .
[0063]
Further, the liquid recovery pipe 62 is connected to a pipe between the secondary refrigerant pump 46 and the second Stirling refrigerator 4, and a liquid recovery valve 64 is provided therebetween.
[0064]
As a result, when the amount of the secondary refrigerant circulating in the secondary refrigerant circuit becomes excessive, the liquid recovery valve 64 is opened and a part of the secondary refrigerant pumped from the secondary refrigerant pump 46 is transferred to the tank 47. Guide and adjust.
[0065]
By the way, the pressure adjusting bellows 49 is a gas secondary refrigerant stored in the tank 47 in accordance with the pressure fluctuation in the secondary refrigerant circuit caused by applying cold heat by the cold energy utilization device 3 or the like. The pressure fluctuation is absorbed by going in and out.
[0066]
Therefore, when a liquid secondary refrigerant flows into the pressure adjusting bellows 49, its function is lost.
[0067]
In principle, the gas recovery pipe 51 is designed so that only a gaseous secondary refrigerant flows.
[0068]
However, a large pressure loss occurs between the connection point of the gas-liquid separation pipe 44 connected to the pipe between the cold energy utilization device 3 and the secondary refrigerant pump 46 and the connection point of the liquid return pipe 50. In some cases, the gas-liquid mixed secondary refrigerant may enter the gas-liquid separation pipe 44, and the liquid secondary refrigerant may flow into the tank 47 through the gas recovery pipe 51.
[0069]
However, since the pressure recovery bellows 49 is conventionally provided in the gas recovery pipe 51, when the liquid secondary refrigerant flows into the tank 47 through the gas recovery pipe 51, it also flows into the pressure adjustment bellows 49. There was an inconvenience.
[0070]
For this reason, the connection point of the gas-liquid separator 48 and the connection point of the liquid return pipe 50 are brought close to each other, and the piping laying method and the connection point position have been devised so that a large pressure loss does not occur between them. .
[0071]
However, if the piping installation method and connection point location requirements are met, the piping may have to be laid in a complicated route, complicating assembly work, and ensuring space for repairs and inspections. Since it becomes difficult, the Stirling cold heat supply system 1 cannot be sufficiently downsized.
[0072]
Therefore, in the present invention, even if the liquid secondary refrigerant flows into the tank 47 via the gas recovery pipe 51, it does not have to flow into the pressure adjusting bellows 49. Therefore, the pressure adjusting bellows 49 is placed in the upper space of the tank 47. Is attached to a corner block 60 provided in communication with the corner block 60.
[0073]
Further, the position where the gas recovery pipe 51 is attached to the tank 47 is lower than the position where the gas recovery pipe 51 is attached to the tank 47, and the liquid secondary refrigerant is gas, for example. Even if an attempt is made to flow into the tank 47 via the recovery pipe 51, this is suppressed by the gradient.
[0074]
With such a configuration, it is not necessary to consider the pressure loss between the connection point of the gas-liquid separation pipe 44 and the connection point of the liquid return pipe 50 when considering the piping laying method and the connection point position. It is only necessary to consider the downsizing of the cooling heat supply system 1 and the ease of maintenance work.
[0075]
In addition, since the connection point of the gas-liquid separator 48 and the connection point of the liquid return pipe 50 can be arbitrarily set, a general-purpose product such as a T-shaped pipe can be used as the connection pipe, and the cost can be reduced. .
[0076]
When the working gas is compressed by the Stirling refrigerator 4, a temperature rise occurs, and when the temperature rises, if it is sent to the expansion part 21 via the heat storage part 22, the heat generation efficiency is lowered. For this reason, the cooling water device 5 is provided to dissipate the heat of the working gas and transfer it to the expansion part 21.
[0077]
The cooling water device 5 is a working gas that forms a cooling water path so as to surround the gas flow path S between the compression space 16 and the heat storage unit 22 in the Stirling refrigerator 4 and exchanges heat between the working gas and the cooling water. Side heat exchanger 35, radiator 65 that is an atmosphere side heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the cooling water heat-exchanged in working gas side heat exchanger 35 and the atmosphere, and air is blown to radiator 65 to send the cooling water to the atmosphere. A blower 66 that improves heat exchange efficiency, a cooling water pump 67 that circulates cooling water between the working gas side heat exchanger 35 and the radiator 65, and the like.
[0078]
Two working gas side heat exchangers 35, radiators 65, and blowers 66 are used, but only one cooling water pump 67 is provided.
[0079]
Two Stirling refrigerators 4 are provided, and in order to distinguish them, the first Stirling refrigerator 4a and the second Stirling refrigerator 4b are described, and accordingly, the working gas side heat exchanger 35 is described. The radiator 65 and the blower 66 may also include a first working gas side heat exchanger 35a, a second working gas side heat exchanger 35b, a first radiator 65a, a second radiator 65b, a first blower 66a, and a second blower 66b as necessary. The first and second are attached as follows.
[0080]
In the cooling water circuit, the cooling water pump 67, the first radiator 65a, the first working gas side heat exchanger 35a, the second radiator 65b, and the second working gas side heat exchanger 35b are connected in a ring according to the circulation direction of the cooling water. Thus, the flow path that sequentially flows through the radiator 65 and the working gas side heat exchanger 35 is defined as one part, and the parts are connected in series.
[0081]
The two radiators 65 are provided corresponding to the two Stirling refrigerations for the following reason.
[0082]
That is, as described above, the secondary refrigerant that has absorbed the cold by the second Stirling refrigerator 4 is supplied to the first Stirling refrigerator 4 and further absorbs the cold by the first Stirling refrigerator 4. Supplied to the cold energy utilization device 3.
[0083]
Accordingly, the first Stirling refrigerator 4 operates in a temperature region closer to the temperature reached by the Stirling refrigerator 4 than in the second Stirling refrigerator 4.
[0084]
In this sense, one radiator 65 may be used and supplied to the first working gas side heat exchanger 35a first and then circulated to the second working gas side heat exchanger 35b. Can be supplied.
[0085]
However, for this purpose, it is necessary to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling water in the radiator 65 by using a large radiator 65 or by technical development of the radiator 65 based on a new principle, which causes a significant cost increase. .
[0086]
Therefore, in the present invention, the radiator 65 is provided corresponding to each Stirling refrigerator 4 so that efficient heat radiation can be performed while suppressing an increase in cost by using a small radiator by an existing fin type heat exchanger. .
[0087]
It is also possible to use two cooling water pumps 67 corresponding to the radiator 65.
[0088]
However, in this case, if two cooling water pumps 67 are provided, the installation area is greatly increased, and it is cheaper to use one cooling water pump having a large pumping capacity than to use two cooling water pumps.
[0089]
Therefore, in the present invention, by using one cooling water pump 67, cost reduction and downsizing of the Stirling cold heat supply system 1 are achieved.
[0090]
7A and 7B are diagrams showing the configuration of the radiator, in which FIG. 7A is a top view, FIG. 7B is a front view, and FIG. 7C is a side view.
[0091]
The radiator 65 is connected to the inlet pipe 68 that forms the cooling water inlet of the radiator 65, the outlet pipe 69 that forms the cooling water outlet of the radiator 65, and the outlet pipe 69, and is used when draining the cooling water in the radiator 65. And three radiator panels 71 arranged in parallel to exchange heat between the cooling water and the atmosphere.
[0092]
Further, each radiator panel 71 is disposed horizontally at the upper and lower parts, and is connected to the inlet pipe 68 and the outlet pipe 69, respectively, between the upper header 72 and the lower header 73, and between the upper header 72 and the lower header 73. A liquid pipe 75 made of a large number of connected copper pipes, a fin 76 made of an aluminum plate or the like provided by fitting all of the liquid pipes 75 in each radiator panel 71, and a liquid pipe 75 in each radiator panel 71 are fixed. The three radiator panels 71 are integrally held and have a tube plate 77 that also serves to protect the fins 76.
[0093]
The liquid pipes 75 in each radiator panel 71 are arranged at equal intervals as schematically shown in FIG. 8, and the liquid pipes 75 of the adjacent radiator panels 71 are positioned between the liquid pipes 75. It is provided by shifting the installation phase.
[0094]
This is to improve the heat radiation efficiency by allowing the air exchanged with the cooling water to flow while meandering in the liquid pipe 75 of each radiator panel 71.
[0095]
Further, the liquid pipe 75 is fixed to the upper header 72 and the lower header 73 by brazing or the like, and has an effect of securing a work space in order to improve the fixing workability at that time.
[0096]
In addition, although a circular tube and a square tube can be used as the upper header 72 and the lower header 73, a circular tube is used in the present invention.
[0097]
This is selected in connection with the fixing technique when the liquid pipe 75 is fixed to the upper header 72 and the lower header 73. When a fixing method using heat such as brazing is adopted, the heat is This is because thermal stress is generated, and in the case of a square tube, there is a disadvantage that a larger deformation occurs than in the case of a circular tube.
[0098]
Therefore, a square tube can be used if a fixing technique that does not generate thermal stress such as crimping is used.
[0099]
The cooling water circuit includes a cooling water injection valve 78 that is used when water is poured into the cooling water circuit, and a plurality of airs that are opened when the cooling water is poured to form air passages in the cooling water circuit. A drain valve 79, a plurality of drain valves 80 opened when draining the coolant in the coolant circuit, and the like are provided.
[0100]
The cooling water device 5 is configured as shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 9 shows the cooling water device 5 by paying attention to the height difference of the piping, and the inlets of the Stirling refrigerator 4, the radiator 65, and the cooling water pump 67 are shown. It can be seen that there is a difference in height between the piping positions on the side and the outlet side.
[0101]
Thus, since there is a height difference in the piping position, as will be described later, a plurality of air vent valves 79 and drain valves 80 are provided.
[0102]
One of the plurality of drain valves 80 is provided at the lowest point of the cooling water circuit. Hereinafter, this drain valve 80 is referred to as a main drain valve 81.
[0103]
Further, the other drainage valve 80 is attached to the lowest point of the portion in which the pipe forms a “U” shape as formed between the Stirling refrigerator 4 and the radiator 65. In this specification, this drain valve 80 is called the sub drain valve 82, and the height of the piping position where this sub drain valve 82 is attached is called the minimum point.
[0104]
The air vent valve 79 is provided in a plurality of air vent pipes 85, and the air vent pipe 85 is a portion in which a pipe formed between the Stirling refrigerator 4 and the radiator 65 forms a “reverse U” shape. Is installed at the top of the. Such a top point is called a local maximum point.
[0105]
The cooling water injection valve 78 is provided at the uppermost point of the cooling water injection pipe 87 connected to the water injection port 86 of the cooling water pump 67 and the main drain valve 81. This top point is also the top point in the cooling water circuit.
[0106]
When the cooling water is injected into the cooling water circuit, the cooling water injection valve 78 and the air vent valve 79 are opened, and the cooling water is injected from the cooling water injection valve 78.
[0107]
Conventionally, since the cooling water injection valve 78 dedicated to such water injection is not provided, the cooling water is injected from the drain valve 80.
[0108]
However, since the drain valve 80 is provided at a low position in the cooling water circuit, pressurizing means such as a pump is required, and the pressurizing means needs to be prepared each time, which is inconvenient.
[0109]
On the other hand, in the present invention, since the cooling water injection valve 78 is provided at the highest point in the cooling water circuit, the cooling water flows down by the action of gravity, and without applying any pressure to the cooling water circuit. Water can be injected.
[0110]
In addition, when water is poured into the cooling water circuit, it is necessary to remove air from the cooling water circuit, but there are many local maximum points and local minimum points as shown in FIG. Since there are a lot of long and complicated bent portions, air remaining easily occurs.
[0111]
Therefore, in the present invention, the air vent pipe 85 is provided at the position of the maximum point so that air can be easily and almost completely removed.
[0112]
Conventionally, the radiator 65 is a continuous meandering pipe having many parallel parts and curved parts. Therefore, when the parallel part is installed in a state inclined with respect to the horizontal line, the remaining air is not removed. It accumulates in this parallel part.
[0113]
However, since the air vent pipe 85 cannot be provided in such a parallel portion, the following inconvenience occurs.
[0114]
In other words, fins are inserted into the parallel portions to exchange heat between the cooling water and the atmosphere.
[0115]
Therefore, if air accumulates in the portion, the efficiency of heat exchange with the atmosphere decreases, leading to a decrease in the heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling water, and eventually a decrease in the efficiency of generating heat.
[0116]
Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7 and the like, since the liquid pipe 75 is divided into a plurality of parts and each of them is vertically extended, even if the radiator 65 is installed in an inclined state, Since the remaining air does not accumulate in the liquid pipe 75, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling water and a decrease in the efficiency of generating heat.
[0117]
In addition, although it is preferable to draw out air completely, it adheres to the inner wall of piping, and the air which cannot be taken out at the time of cooling water injection generate | occur | produces.
[0118]
It is feared that such remaining air is gathered while moving according to the circulation of the cooling water, for example, causing the air of the cooling water pump 67 or the generation of abnormal noise.
[0119]
The cooling water injection pipe 87 and the air vent pipe 85 are laid at a position higher than the maximum point and the cooling water pump 67 and in a state of extending upward, so that the remaining air flows as the cooling water circulates. Then, when passing through the local maximum point or the cooling water pump 67, the water is stored in the cooling water injection pipe 87 or the air vent pipe 85.
[0120]
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cooling water pump 67 from being air-engaged or causing abnormal noise.
[0121]
Moreover, since the cooling water injection pipe 87 and the air vent pipe 85 are formed of transparent and semi-transparent pipes through which the inside of the pipe can be seen through, it is possible to open the air vent valve 79 before the air fills these pipes. In addition, even if water leakage occurs in the cooling water circuit for some reason and the cooling water shortage occurs, it is possible to easily determine whether water leakage has occurred or whether the cooling water is insufficient.
[0122]
Next, the housing 8 that houses such devices will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 10, the housing 8 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape formed by combining angle frames, and the Stirling refrigerator 4, the radiator 65, and the like are fixed to the bottom 90. At the same time, the control device case 7 is attached to the upper portion 91 so that the side panel 95, the back panel 96, and the front panel 97 are fixed by engaging means such as screws.
[0123]
A caster 110 and a stopper 111 are provided under the bottom 90 so that the caster 110 and the stopper 111 can be moved and fixed to an arbitrary place.
[0124]
The bottom 90 to which the Stirling refrigerator 4, the radiator 65, and the like are fixed is framed by a bottom frame 92, and a bottom plate 94 is stretched over the bottom frame 92. A vibration rubber leg 93 is attached.
[0125]
The bottom plate 94 is divided into three pieces, and the end portion 95 in the longitudinal direction of each bottom plate 94 is formed by being bent in an L shape.
[0126]
The upper surface of the bottom plate 94 is appropriately higher than at least the uppermost point of the bottom side frame 92. The reason for this will be described later.
[0127]
In this way, the bottom plate 94 is divided so that the atmosphere can enter and exit between the divided bottom plates 94 so that the atmosphere does not enter the casing 8 and the Stirling cooling and heating system is lightened. It is for aiming at.
[0128]
The reason why the end portion 95 of the bottom plate 94 is bent in an L shape is to reinforce the strength so that the heavy Stirling refrigerator 4 can be placed even if the bottom plate 94 is formed of a thin plate material.
[0129]
The Stirling refrigerator 4 is provided on the mounting table 98 via a vibration isolation spring 97, and the mounting table 98 is fixed to the bottom plate 94 via vibration-proof rubber legs 93.
[0130]
The vibration isolation spring 97 supports the mounting table 98 and the Stirling refrigerator 4 so as not to directly contact each other, and absorbs vibration generated in the Stirling refrigerator 4, and the vibration isolation rubber legs 93 are mounted from the bottom plate 94. The table 98 is supported by a predetermined distance to prevent transmission of vibration.
[0131]
The bottom frame 92 is provided with a back frame 99 and a front frame 100 on which a side panel 95 is screwed, and an upper frame 101 is stretched over them.
[0132]
A side panel 95 is attached to the rear frame 99 and the front frame 100, and a control device case 7 is attached to the upper frame 101.
[0133]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 11, the rear frame 99 on the radiator 65 side is attached to the rear corner of the bottom 90, but the front frame 100 on the Stirling refrigerator 4 side is appropriately placed on the radiator 65 side from the front corner. It is mounted in a set back with the position shifted.
[0134]
In the present specification, the Stirling refrigerator 4 side is referred to as the front and the radiator 65 side is referred to as the rear in the positional relationship between the Stirling refrigerator 4 and the radiator 65 shown in FIG. It is determined for the sake of convenience and does not limit the configuration of the present invention.
[0135]
Therefore, the front side frame 100 is set back and provided. The reason why the front frame 100 is set back in this way will be described later.
[0136]
A rear panel is fixed to the rear frame 99 by screwing, an air inlet 102 for sucking air is formed in the rear panel 96, and a front panel 97 is screwed to the bottom 90 and the upper frame 101. The front panel 97 is formed with an exhaust port 103 for exhausting the atmosphere.
[0137]
The air is sucked from the air inlet 102 of the rear panel 96, flows around the radiator 65, the blower 66, and the Stirling refrigerator 4 and is exhausted from the exhaust port 103 of the front panel 97.
[0138]
Normally, the blower 66 is arranged on the windward side so that the air blown by the blower 66 is blown against the radiator 65. However, in the present invention, as described above, Located on the leeward side.
[0139]
In the configuration in which the blower 66 is arranged on the windward side, when the air flows around the Stirling refrigerator 4, the air is heated by the heat of the motor 11 and the like, and this heat exchange is performed by the radiator 65. This is to prevent the heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling water from decreasing.
[0140]
A grill or the like (not shown) is provided at the intake port 102 or the exhaust port 103, the intake port 102 is provided to face the radiator 65, and the upper end of the exhaust port 103 is appropriately higher than the upper end of the intake port 102. Is formed.
[0141]
This is because a large number of devices such as the Stirling refrigerator 4 and the cold heat transfer device 6 are provided in the housing 8 and are arranged so as not to generate a dead space in order to reduce the size of the system. It is feared that the air that has been blown against these will blow into the housing 8.
[0142]
Therefore, in the present invention, the bottom plate 94 is divided as described above, and the upper end of the exhaust port 103 is formed to be appropriately higher than the upper end of the intake port 102.
[0143]
By making the bottom plate 94 into a divided configuration, air can flow in and out from between them, so that exhaust is promoted and the air in the housing is agitated by the air that flows in to suppress squeezing, Further, cooling is promoted by a Stirling refrigerator or the like.
[0144]
Further, since the upper end of the exhaust port 103 is formed so as to be appropriately higher than the upper end of the intake port 102, the air in the housing 8 rises by natural convection and easily flows out of the exhaust port 103.
[0145]
At this time, if the opening area of the exhaust port is made as large as possible, it is preferable because the atmosphere in the housing can be easily exhausted, but if it is too large, the amount of sound leaking out from the Stirling refrigerator 4 or the like increases as noise. .
[0146]
Therefore, in the present invention, the opening ratio of the intake port 102 and the exhaust port 103 is set to the intake port 102: the exhaust port 103 = 1: 1.2 to 1: 1.5 in consideration of the exhaust efficiency of the atmosphere and noise leakage. It is set to be.
[0147]
By the way, the front side frame 100 is set back and provided for the following reason. That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the secondary refrigerant circuit is formed by connecting a plurality of devices such as a plurality of Stirling refrigerators 4, a secondary refrigerant pump 46, and a gas-liquid separator 48 through a secondary refrigerant pipe. The cooling water circuit is formed by connecting a plurality of radiators 65 and a cooling water pump 67 with cooling water piping.
[0148]
Hereinafter, a pipe through which the secondary refrigerant circulates is referred to as a secondary refrigerant pipe, and a pipe through which the cooling water circulates is referred to as a cooling water pipe.
[0149]
The secondary refrigerant pipe is formed of a copper pipe or the like, and the cooling water pipe is formed of a plastic resin pipe or the like.
[0150]
Although not shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the like, a heat insulating material is wound around the secondary refrigerant pipe.
[0151]
In the conventional Stirling cooling and heating system, these secondary refrigerant pipes and cooling water pipes are laid in a complicated manner using empty spaces. The work when winding the heat insulating material was very difficult.
[0152]
Therefore, in the present invention, the front frame 100 is set back, and the two Stirling refrigerators 4 and the secondary refrigerant pump 46 are arranged side by side along the set back region, and the radiator 65 is arranged behind the two. is doing.
[0153]
Accordingly, the secondary refrigerant pipe and the cooling water pipe can be laid together, and the secondary refrigerant pipe can be laid on the setback region and the cooling water pipe can be laid on the back side.
[0154]
The cooling water piping may be laid in the set back area and the secondary refrigerant piping may be laid on the back side. However, it is easy to perform work such as bending required when laying the piping and winding of the heat insulating material. From the viewpoint of easiness, it is preferable to lay the secondary refrigerant together in a setback region provided by shifting the front side frame 100 which hinders these operations to the back side.
[0155]
By laying the cooling water pipe and the secondary refrigerant pipe together in this way, for example, when performing maintenance, it is easy to remove the cooling water or the secondary refrigerant from the cooling water circuit or the secondary refrigerant circuit, and There is an advantage that can be done reliably.
[0156]
That is, when removing the cooling water or the secondary refrigerant, one connection portion of the pipe is removed and the cooling water or the secondary refrigerant is received in a bucket or the like. In some cases, the pipe ends do not reach the bucket or the like, and a hose or the like must be connected separately.
[0157]
However, if the cooling water pipe and the secondary refrigerant pipe are laid together on the setback region and the back side as in the present invention, a bucket or the like is easily addressed to the end of the removed pipe. This makes it possible to easily remove the cooling water pipe and the secondary refrigerant pipe and to prevent them from becoming zero.
[0158]
In addition, when it is necessary to remove the Stirling refrigerator 4 and the radiator 65 during the maintenance, if the front frame 100 is attached to the front corner, the Stirling refrigerator 4 being pulled out is connected to the front frame. There is an advantage that it is possible to suppress inconvenience of being in contact with 100 and being damaged or brazed.
[0159]
By the way, at the time of maintenance of the Stirling cold heat supply system, it is necessary to install or take out the Stirling refrigerator 4, the radiator 65, etc., but since the control device case 7 is attached to the upper portion 91 of the housing 8, A heavy object such as the Stirling refrigerator 4 cannot be picked up using a crane or the like.
[0160]
For this reason, in the past, the worker removed the Stirling refrigerator 4 while shifting it little by little, but this caused poor workability and could cause accidents such as dropping.
[0161]
Therefore, in the present invention, when the Stirling refrigerator 4 is attached to the bottom plate 94 as described above, the anti-vibration rubber legs 93 are interposed between the mounting table 98 and the bottom plate 94, and the height thereof is set to a predetermined height. Is set.
[0162]
The predetermined height of the anti-vibration rubber leg 93 is a height at which the lifter fork 105 can be inserted as shown in FIG.
[0163]
As described above, the upper surface of the bottom plate 94 formed by bending the end portion 95 into an L shape (the surface on which the anti-vibration rubber legs 93 abut) is appropriately higher than the highest point of the bottom side frame 92. It is provided to be in position.
[0164]
This is so that the fork portion 105 of the lifter can be inserted into the gap formed by the antivibration rubber legs 93 without contacting the bottom side frame 92.
[0165]
FIG. 12 shows an example in which the Stirling refrigerator 4 and the radiator 65 are separately removed. However, as shown in FIG. 13, the Stirling refrigerator 4, the radiator 65, and the cooling water pump 67 are removed at the same time. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14, the two Stirling refrigerators 4 and the radiator 65 cooling water pump 67 may be removed at the same time.
[0166]
In any case, since the lifter is placed and taken out, it is easy to take out, and particularly when two Stirling refrigerators 4 and the radiator 65 are removed simultaneously as shown in FIG. Since the cooling water pump 67 is also integrally removed, it is not necessary to drain the cooling water, and the operation becomes very easy.
[0167]
In FIG. 14, the two removed Stirling refrigerators 4 and the radiator 65 are shown, and the other parts are not shown.
[0168]
By the way, as described above, the heat insulating material is wound around the secondary refrigerant pipe. At this time, the heat insulating material is in close contact with the secondary refrigerant pipe so that the surface of the secondary refrigerant pipe does not come into contact with ice and the like. It is necessary to wrap it.
[0169]
In places where the secondary refrigerant pipe is substantially linear or where the curvature is large, it is easy to wind the heat insulating material in close contact with the secondary refrigerant pipe, but the place where the secondary refrigerant pipe has a small curvature and a plurality of secondary refrigerant pipes are arranged in parallel. In a place where the secondary refrigerant pipe is connected to a connecting portion formed on a surface orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the pipe, etc. It is very difficult to install insulation.
[0170]
For example, at the location where the cold heat source side heat exchanger 45 and the secondary refrigerant pipe are connected, two secondary refrigerant pipes are laid close to each other. When the heat insulating material is taped and fixed to the secondary refrigerant pipe in such a place, the taping material does not enter between them, and the heat insulating material cannot be tightly wound around the secondary refrigerant pipe. is there.
[0171]
Therefore, in the present invention, the secondary refrigerant pipes are laid together in the setback region to reduce the occurrence of a bent portion, and a portion where contact is still difficult is formed with a heat insulating material unit and fitted into the portion. It is trying to install with.
[0172]
FIGS. 15 and 16 show the heat insulating unit 106 to which the connection point between the cold heat source side heat exchanger 45 and the secondary refrigerant pipe is attached, FIG. 15 is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. FIG.
[0173]
The heat insulating material unit 106 is formed of a metal unit frame 107 and a heat insulating material 109 that is formed in the unit frame 107 so as to be appropriately smaller than the secondary refrigerant pipe, and includes a pipe groove 108 into which the secondary refrigerant pipe is inserted. The secondary refrigerant pipe is inserted into the pipe groove 108, and the unit frames 107 are fixed to each other by inserting bolts into the screw holes 113.
[0174]
In addition, the number 114 shown in FIG. 15 is for preventing the heat insulating material 109 from being pulled out from the unit frame 107, and the number 115 indicates the heat insulating material that is connected to and attached to the heat insulating material unit 106. The heat insulating material 115 is fixed by taping or the like.
[0175]
The heat insulating material 109 has a heat insulating property such as urethane and is formed of a member having an elastic property. When the secondary refrigerant pipe is inserted into the pipe groove 108, the pipe groove 108 has a shape of the secondary refrigerant pipe. And is in close contact with the secondary refrigerant pipe.
[0176]
As a result, a plurality of secondary refrigerant pipes are arranged side by side, and a place where it is difficult to wind the heat insulating material 109 while ensuring the close contact between the heat insulating material 109 and the secondary refrigerant pipe, such as a small interval. However, it can be easily and reliably attached.
[0177]
Although the piping groove 108 shown in FIG. 15 and the like has a rectangular shape, it goes without saying that it may have a semicircular shape in accordance with the shape of the secondary refrigerant piping. However, also in this case, it is preferable to make it appropriately smaller than the secondary refrigerant pipe.
[0178]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, according to the present invention, the radiator is installed so as to face the rear panel of the housing, and the air intake port for sucking air through the radiator is provided.TheIn addition to forming on the back panel, a Stirling refrigerator is installed facing the front panel of the housing, and an air exhaust port is formed on the front panel for discharging outside the machine.And the bottom plate of the housing is divided and the area of the exhaust port is made larger than the area of the intake portTherefore, it is possible to suppress the atmospheric air from entering the casing and to prevent noise from leaking out.That is, it is preferable to make the opening area of the exhaust port as large as possible because the air in the housing is easily exhausted. However, if the opening area is too large, the amount of sound generated by a Stirling refrigerator increases as noise. Therefore, by dividing the bottom plate, the atmosphere can flow in and out from between them, so that the exhaust is promoted without enlarging the opening area of the exhaust port, and the air flows into the housing. The atmosphere in the body is agitated and the squeezing is suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a Stirling cold heat supply system applied to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view when a side panel or the like of the Stirling cold heat supply system is removed.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a Stirling cold supply system.
4 is a configuration diagram of a Stirling refrigerator 4. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a corner block.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a mounting state of the corner block.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a radiator.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a radiator liquid pipe and the like.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a cooling water circuit.
10A and 10B are views of a Stirling cold heat supply system, where FIG. 10A is a front view, FIG. 10B is a side view, and FIG. 10C is a rear view.
FIG. 11 is a side view when the side panel and the like of the Stirling cold heat supply system are removed.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a state when one Stirling refrigerator is removed.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a state in which a Stirling refrigerator, a radiator, and a cooling water pump are removed at the same time.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a state when a plurality of Stirling refrigerators and a radiator are removed at the same time.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of a heat insulating material unit.
FIG. 16 is a view showing a mounting state of the heat insulating material unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Stirling cold supply system
3 Cold energy equipment
4 Stirling refrigerator
5 Cooling water device
6 Cold transfer device
7 Control device case
8 Case
11 Motor
65 (65a, 65b) Radiator
66 (66a, 66b) Blower
67 Cooling water pump
90 bottom
91 Upper part
92 Bottom frame
93 Top (anti-vibration rubber feet
93 Anti-vibration rubber feet
94 Bottom plate
95 Side panel
96 Rear panel
97 Anti-vibration spring
97 Front panel
98 mounting table
99 Rear frame
100 Front frame
101 Upper frame
102 Inlet
103 Exhaust port
105 Fork
106 Insulation unit
107 unit frame
108 Piping groove
109 Thermal insulation

Claims (3)

A Stirling refrigerator that compresses and expands the working gas to generate cold, a cold transfer device that transfers the cold generated by the Stirling refrigerator to a cold energy utilization device, and absorbs the heat of the working gas to the atmosphere via a radiator. In a Stirling cold heat supply system having a cooling water device for radiating heat and a housing for storing them,
The radiator is installed facing the back panel of the housing, and an air intake port for sucking air through the radiator is formed on the back panel, and the Stirling refrigerator is mounted on the front panel of the housing. An air exhaust port that is installed facing and is discharged to the outside is formed in the front panel , and the bottom plate of the housing is divided, and the area of the exhaust port is larger than the area of the air intake port Stirling cold supply system characterized by that.   The Stirling cold supply system according to claim 1, wherein an upper end portion of the exhaust port is provided at a position higher than an upper end portion of the intake port. The opening ratio of the inlet and exhaust ports, 1: 1.2 to 1: Stirling cold supply system according to claim 1, wherein it is set to be 1.5.

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