JP3844224B2 - Crab leg-like marine product and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Crab leg-like marine product and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3844224B2 JP3844224B2 JP2002191365A JP2002191365A JP3844224B2 JP 3844224 B2 JP3844224 B2 JP 3844224B2 JP 2002191365 A JP2002191365 A JP 2002191365A JP 2002191365 A JP2002191365 A JP 2002191365A JP 3844224 B2 JP3844224 B2 JP 3844224B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- product
- marine
- edible film
- leg
- fish
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、かに脚肉様水産練製品およびその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
かに脚肉様水産練製品は、棒状生地の表面に着色を施し、かに風味を付与することにより製造される。従来、棒状生地に着色を施すにあたっては、例えば、偏平帯状の練製品の表面に着色材料を直接塗布する方法が知られているが、この方法は、着色材料が外的要因等で流動するため色むらが生じるという問題があった。
【0003】
そこで、例えば、特開平2000-300216号公報、特公平5-79303号公報では、プラスチックフィルム上にスプレー塗装により成形した薄い着色原料を棒状生地の外面に転写して外皮を形成する方法が開示されている。さらに、プラスチックフィルム上に2重スプレー法で成形した魚肉すり身からなる赤白二色の着色材料を棒状生地に転写して外皮とする方法や、プラスチックフィルム上に着色材料糊を塗布し、続いて無着色材料を塗布して、この着色材料を棒状生地に転写する方法も知られている。
【0004】
しかしながら、これらの方法は、外的要因による流動性を防ぐためにプラスチックフィルムを用いているため、製品からプラスチックフィルムを剥離する必要があり、また、剥離されたプラスチックフィルムは再使用ができず破棄しなければならないといった問題もあった。さらに、着色材料の皮膜形成力が弱く、透明性が低いため、かに様の色感に近似していないという問題もあった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記の問題を解消するためになされたもので、その目的とするところは、棒状生地等に着色を施してかに脚肉様練製品を製造するにあたり、色むらを少なくし、外皮の皮膜形成能力を向上させつつかに様の色感に近似させること、およびプラスチックフィルムを使用しないことにより環境に良い、かに脚肉様水産練製品およびその製造方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を行った結果、可食性フィルム上に着色を施し、棒状生地等を包含することにより、外皮の皮膜形成能力を向上させつつ、かに様の色感に近似させることが可能であった。この知見に基づいて本発明の完成に至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明のかに脚肉様水産練製品は、魚肉すり身を主原料とする水産練製品と、その水産練製品を包む外皮と、を有するかに脚肉様水産練製品であって、該外皮が透明な可食性フィルムからなり、該外皮と水産練製品との間に、魚肉すり身を主原料とし赤色の着色料が添加された着色材料の層が形成され、該水産練製品と該外皮とが一体化されていることを特徴とし、そのことにより上記目的が達成される。
【0009】
一つの実施形態では、前記可食性フィルムが、澱粉アミロース、プルランおよび寒天からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を主原料とする。
【0010】
本発明のかに脚肉様水産練製品の製造方法は、魚肉すり身を主原料とする水産練製品を製造する工程、着色された可食性フィルムを水産練製品に被覆する工程、および可食性フィルムで包まれた水産練製品を加熱して水産練製品と可食性フィルムとを一体化する工程、を包含するかに脚肉様水産練製品の製造方法であって、該着色された可食性フィルムが、透明な可食性フィルムと、魚肉すり身を主原料とし赤色の着色料が添加された着色材料の層とからなり、該着色材料の層が、該可食性フィルムと水産練製品との間に配置されることを特徴とし、そのことにより上記目的が達成される。
【0011】
本発明の作用は次の通りである。
【0012】
魚肉すり身を主原料とする水産練製品の外皮として、着色された可食性フィルムが使用されることにより、可食性フィルムに着色材料層を成形して着色の色むら等を防ぐことができ、また従来のプラスチックフィルムを用いた場合のように、製品が形成された後プラスチックフィルムを剥がして廃棄する必要がない。さらに、可食性フィルム自体は透明性を有するので、外側が透明感のあるかに脚肉様水産練製品が得られ、また加熱により練製品と外皮とが一体に凝固するので外皮の皮膜形成能力が向上する。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0014】
まず、本発明のかに脚肉様水産練製品に用いる可食性フィルムについて述べる。
【0015】
本発明で採用する可食性フィルムとは、澱粉アミロース、カゼイン系、魚介類系、プルラン等、増粘多糖類系または寒天その他の可食性のものであり、その厚さは対象の棒状生地等(水産練製品)の水分含量等の状態により、また煮沸等の加熱温度により任意に選択することができるが、例えば、10ミクロン〜30ミクロンが好ましい。
【0016】
可食性フィルムを用いてかに脚肉様の着色を施す方法としては、既知としてプラスチックフィルムを用いてかに脚肉様水産練製品を製造する方法すべてに適用できる。
【0017】
例えば、スプレー塗装により可食性フィルム上に着色材料の層を成形し、この薄い着色材料の層を棒状生地等の表面に転写して外皮とする方法を用いることができ、このような方法は、可食性フィルムにより強固な接着性の高い外皮となり、さらに透明性が高いため天然のかに脚肉様の色感でかに脚肉様の着色を施すことができる。
【0018】
着色材料としては、食品に用いられる色素すべてを用いることができ、魚肉すり身を主原料とし着色料を添加したものを使用することができる。例えば、魚肉すり身に卵白を加え、着色料やかに風味のエキス、フレーバーなどの調味料を添加したものがあげられる。
【0019】
次に、可食性フィルムに包含される棒状生地等について述べる。
【0020】
棒状生地は既知の方法で調製されたものすべてが使用できる。
【0021】
蒲鉾の練り生地をシート状に形成、加熱、細断および収束したものをそのまま使用するもの、前述のように収束したものをカッティングにより好みの形状に整えたもの、および細かく刻んだ蒲鉾等が使用できる。
【0022】
このような原料を用いて、かに脚肉様水産練製品を、次にように製造することができる。
【0023】
適宜公知の製造工程にて棒状生地等を製造する。
【0024】
着色工程として、可食性フィルムに適宜公知の着色方法を用いてかに脚肉様の着色を施し、先に製造された棒状生地等を着色された可食性フィルム上に送り出し、着色された可食性フィルムにて被覆する。ここでの方法は、可食性フィルムを用いること以外は、公知のプラスチックフィルムを用いたかに脚肉様水産練製品の方法と同様に実施することができる。その後、可食性フィルムで包まれた棒状生地を、加熱凝固させ可食性フィルムと棒状生地等を接着させる。
【0025】
このようにして得られたかに脚肉様水産練製品は、透明な可食性フィルムで覆われているため透明性が高い天然のかに脚肉様の色感を持ったものとなる。
【0026】
以上のとおり、本発明によれば、棒状生地等に着色を施してかに脚肉様水産練製品を製造するにあたり、可食性フィルム上に着色材料の層が成形され、この積層されたフィルムを棒状生地等の表面に被覆するため色むらを少なくし、外皮の皮膜形成能力を向上させつつ、かに様の色感に近似させることおよびプラスチックフィルムを使用しないことにより、環境に良いものである。
【0027】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例によって具体的に説明する。もちろん、本発明は本実施例に限定されるものではない。
(実施例1)
洋上冷凍スケトウすり身を解凍後、澱粉、調味料、冷水等を用いて、混合、らいかいして魚肉すり身原料糊を得た。魚肉すり身原料糊をシート状に成形後、加熱凝固し、これを細かく細断し繊維状となし、これを複数本収束したものを棒状生地とした。
【0028】
着色原料として先に調製した魚肉すり身原料に赤色色素を添加し、赤色着色原料糊を得た。次に、厚み20ミクロンのプルラン製フィルムに、吐出ノズルから赤色着色原料糊を吐出して厚み50ミクロンのかに脚肉様の着色層を形成した。
【0029】
この着色されたプルラン製フィルムの着色面に、先に調製した棒状生地を乗せ、プルラン製フィルムにて棒状生地を包み込んだ。この後、加熱凝固、冷却し、棒状生地とプルラン製フィルムを接着させた。
【0030】
このようにして得られたかに脚肉様水産練製品は、透明感のある天然のかに脚肉様の着色が施され、しかも手にとっても繊維状の棒状生地がバラけることがないかに脚肉様水産練製品となった。
(実施例2)
洋上冷凍スケトウすり身を解凍後、澱粉、調味料、冷水等を用いて、混合、らいかいして魚肉すり身原料糊を得た。魚肉すり身原料糊をシート状に成形後、加熱凝固し、これを細かく細断し繊維状となし、これを複数本収束したものを棒状生地とした。この棒状生地を細かく切断しフレーク状生地とした。
【0031】
着色原料として先に調製した魚肉すり身原料に赤色色素を添加し、赤色着色原料糊を得た。次に、厚み25ミクロンのプルラン製フィルムに吐出ノズルから赤色着色原料糊を吐出し、厚み50ミクロンのかに脚肉様の着色層を形成した。
【0032】
この着色されたプルラン製フィルムの着色面に、先に調製したフレーク状生地をかに脚状になるように乗せ、プルラン製フィルムにて包み込んだ。この後、加熱凝固、冷却し、フレーク状生地とプルラン製フィルムを接着させた。
【0033】
このようにして得られたかに脚肉様水産練製品は透明感のある天然のかに脚肉様の着色が施され、しかも手にとっても繊維状のフレーク状生地がバラけることがないかに脚肉様水産練製品となった。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明のかに脚肉様水産練製品は、棒状生地等に着色を施してかに脚肉様水産練製品を製造するにあたり、色むらを少なくし、外皮の皮膜形成能力を向上させつつかに様の色感に近似させること、およびプラスチックフィルムを使用しないことにより環境に良いことが可能となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a crab leg-like fish paste product and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A crab leg-like fish paste product is produced by coloring the surface of a stick-shaped dough and imparting a crab flavor. Conventionally, when coloring a stick-shaped dough, for example, a method of directly applying a coloring material to the surface of a flat strip-like paste product is known, but this method causes the coloring material to flow due to external factors or the like. There was a problem of uneven color.
[0003]
Thus, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-300216 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-79303 disclose a method of forming a skin by transferring a thin colored raw material formed by spray coating on a plastic film to the outer surface of a stick-shaped fabric. ing. In addition, a method of transferring a red and white colored material made of fish paste formed on a plastic film by double spraying to a stick-shaped dough, and applying a coloring material paste on the plastic film, followed by There is also known a method of applying a non-colored material and transferring the colored material to a rod-like cloth.
[0004]
However, since these methods use plastic film to prevent fluidity due to external factors, it is necessary to peel the plastic film from the product, and the peeled plastic film cannot be reused and discarded. There was also the problem of having to. Furthermore, the film forming ability of the coloring material is weak and the transparency is low.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention was made in order to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to reduce color unevenness when producing a crab leg-like kneaded product by coloring a stick-shaped dough, etc. To provide a crab leg-like fish paste product that is good for the environment by approximating the color sense of the crab while improving the film-forming ability of the outer skin and not using a plastic film, and a method for producing the product. .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent research to solve the problem, the present inventors have colored the edible film and included a stick-shaped dough, etc. It was possible to approximate the color feeling. Based on this finding, the present invention has been completed.
[0008]
That is, the crab leg-like fish paste product according to the present invention is a crab leg-like fish paste product that has a fish paste product mainly made from fish paste and an outer skin that encloses the fish paste product, skin is a transparent edible film, between the outer skin and the fisheries paste product, a layer of colored material red colorant is added to the fish meat surimi as the main raw material is formed, the water producing paste products and the skins Are integrated with each other, thereby achieving the above object.
[0009]
In one embodiment, said edible film and starch amylose, at least one selected from the group consisting of flops Ruran and agar as a main raw material.
[0010]
The method for producing a crab leg-like fish paste product according to the present invention comprises a step of manufacturing a fish paste product made mainly from fish paste, a step of coating a fish paste product with a colored edible film, and an edible film. A method for producing a leg meat-like aquatic product, comprising the step of heating the wrapped aquatic product and integrating the aquatic product and the edible film, wherein the colored edible film comprises: A transparent edible film and a layer of a coloring material made mainly from fish meat surimi and added with a red colorant, and the coloring material layer is disposed between the edible film and the marine product. And the above object is achieved.
[0011]
The operation of the present invention is as follows.
[0012]
By using a colored edible film as the outer skin of fish paste made from fish meat surimi, the colored material layer can be formed on the edible film to prevent uneven coloring, etc. There is no need to peel off and discard the plastic film after the product is formed, as in the case of using a conventional plastic film. Furthermore, since the edible film itself is transparent, a leg meat-like marine product can be obtained if the outer side is transparent, and the film and outer skin are solidified integrally by heating, so that the film forming ability of the outer skin can be obtained. Will improve.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0014]
First, the edible film used for the leg meat-like fish paste product in the present invention will be described.
[0015]
The edible film employed in the present invention is starch amylose, casein-based, seafood-based, pullulan, etc., thickening polysaccharide-based or agar or other edible materials, the thickness of which is the target stick-shaped dough ( Although it can be arbitrarily selected depending on the water content of the aquatic product) and the heating temperature such as boiling, it is preferably, for example, 10 to 30 microns.
[0016]
As a method for applying crab leg-like coloration using an edible film, it can be applied to all known methods for producing crab leg-like fishery products using a plastic film.
[0017]
For example, it is possible to use a method of forming a layer of a coloring material on an edible film by spray coating, and transferring the thin coloring material layer to the surface of a stick-shaped fabric or the like to form an outer skin. The edible film provides a strong and highly adhesive skin, and since it is highly transparent, it can be colored with a crab leg-like color with a natural crab leg-like color.
[0018]
As the coloring material, all the pigments used in foods can be used, and it is possible to use a material obtained by adding a coloring agent using fish meat surimi as a main raw material. For example, a fish meat surimi is added with egg white and seasonings such as colorings, crab-flavored extracts and flavors are added.
[0019]
Next, the rod-shaped dough included in the edible film will be described.
[0020]
Any stick-shaped dough prepared by a known method can be used.
[0021]
Uses the kneaded dough made into a sheet, heated, chopped and converged as it is, used as described above to adjust the converged one to the desired shape, and finely chopped cocoons it can.
[0022]
Using such raw materials, crab leg-like fish paste products can be produced as follows.
[0023]
A rod-shaped dough or the like is appropriately manufactured by a known manufacturing process.
[0024]
As a coloring step, the edible film is appropriately colored with crab leg-like using a known coloring method, and the previously produced stick-shaped dough is fed onto the colored edible film and colored edible. Cover with film. The method here can be carried out in the same manner as for the leg-like fishery paste product using a known plastic film, except that an edible film is used. Thereafter, the rod-shaped dough wrapped with the edible film is heated and solidified to bond the edible film and the rod-shaped dough.
[0025]
The leg meat-like fishery product thus obtained is covered with a transparent edible film, so that it has a natural leg meat-like color.
[0026]
As described above, according to the present invention, when a crab meat-like fishery product is produced by coloring a stick-shaped dough or the like, a layer of a coloring material is formed on the edible film, and the laminated film is Because it coats the surface of stick-shaped fabrics, etc., it is environmentally friendly by reducing color unevenness, improving the film forming ability of the outer skin, approximating the color sense of crab and not using a plastic film. .
[0027]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
Example 1
After thawing the frozen frozen groundnut surimi, it was mixed and mixed with starch, seasoning, cold water, etc. to obtain a paste for surimi fish meat. A fish paste raw material paste was formed into a sheet shape, heated and solidified, and finely cut into fibers to obtain a stick-shaped dough.
[0028]
A red pigment was added to the fish meat surimi raw material prepared previously as a coloring raw material to obtain a red coloring raw material paste. Next, a red colored raw material paste was discharged from a discharge nozzle onto a pullulan film having a thickness of 20 microns to form a leg-like colored layer having a thickness of 50 microns.
[0029]
The previously prepared rod-shaped dough was placed on the colored surface of the colored pullulan film, and the rod-shaped dough was wrapped with the pullulan film. Thereafter, the mixture was heated and solidified and cooled to adhere the rod-shaped dough and the pullulan film.
[0030]
The leg meat-like marine products are obtained in such a way that the leg meat is colored with a transparent natural crab, and the fiber-like rod-like dough is not broken for the hand. It became a fishery product.
(Example 2)
After thawing the frozen frozen groundnut surimi, it was mixed and mixed with starch, seasoning, cold water, etc. to obtain a paste for surimi fish meat. A fish paste raw material paste was formed into a sheet shape, heated and solidified, and finely cut into fibers to obtain a stick-shaped dough. This rod-shaped fabric was cut into small pieces to obtain a flake-shaped fabric.
[0031]
A red pigment was added to the fish meat surimi raw material prepared previously as a coloring raw material to obtain a red coloring raw material paste. Next, a red colored raw material paste was discharged from a discharge nozzle onto a pullulan film having a thickness of 25 microns to form a leg-like colored layer having a thickness of 50 microns.
[0032]
The flaky fabric prepared previously was placed on the colored surface of the colored pullulan film so as to form a crab leg shape, and wrapped with a pullulan film. Thereafter, the mixture was heated and solidified and cooled to adhere the flaky fabric and the pullulan film.
[0033]
Whether the leg meat-like fishery product is obtained in this way is translucent, natural, leg-like colored, and the leg flesh-like fabric will not be broken for the hand. It became a fishery product.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The crab leg-like fish paste product according to the present invention is a method for producing a crab leg-like fish paste product by coloring a stick-shaped dough and the like while reducing the uneven color and improving the film forming ability of the outer skin. By approximating such a color sensation and not using a plastic film, it is possible to improve the environment.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002191365A JP3844224B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2002-06-28 | Crab leg-like marine product and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002191365A JP3844224B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2002-06-28 | Crab leg-like marine product and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2004033037A JP2004033037A (en) | 2004-02-05 |
JP3844224B2 true JP3844224B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
Family
ID=31700967
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002191365A Expired - Fee Related JP3844224B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2002-06-28 | Crab leg-like marine product and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3844224B2 (en) |
-
2002
- 2002-06-28 JP JP2002191365A patent/JP3844224B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004033037A (en) | 2004-02-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
SE7602292L (en) | METHOD OF PRODUCING A COAT ANALOGUE, LAYER, PRODUCT AND APPLIANCE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE KIT | |
CN102613589A (en) | Instant pigskin jelly food and processing process of pigskin jelly food | |
KR960008005B1 (en) | Edible product of fish meat paste simulating crab leg meat, and processing method of it | |
JP3844224B2 (en) | Crab leg-like marine product and method for producing the same | |
WO2021200026A1 (en) | Eel-like food using no animal-derived ingredients and method for producing same | |
KR20030035702A (en) | Production method of fried kelp of laver to which colloidal silver is added | |
JPS622788B2 (en) | ||
JP2572611B2 (en) | How to make konjac | |
JPS635055B2 (en) | ||
JPS5910175B2 (en) | Konjac manufacturing equipment | |
CN109699903A (en) | A kind of selenium-rich corn vermicelli and preparation method thereof | |
JP6667815B2 (en) | Patterned sheet-shaped fish meat kneaded product, its package, its manufacturing method, its manufacturing device, unwound it, and roll sandwich using it, and sandwich using it, and using it Packaged food | |
JPS602142A (en) | Processed cheese food | |
JPH0246189B2 (en) | ||
JPS58201968A (en) | Preparation of laver | |
JP6999845B2 (en) | Eel-like foods that do not use animal-derived ingredients and their manufacturing methods | |
JPS58107149A (en) | Expanded snack | |
JPH0311750B2 (en) | ||
JPS61199767A (en) | Torn dried cuttlefish-like paste product | |
JPH09191A (en) | Flour for frying and production of seasoned pickled fry using the same | |
KR950009776Y1 (en) | Soft food sealing film | |
JPH09238655A (en) | Processed stardust shrimp and production of the same | |
JP2001078694A (en) | Production method of steam kneaded noodle | |
JPS61239868A (en) | Production of tidbit food from wakame seaweed | |
JP2004073124A (en) | Processed food product of dried food |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20050603 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20051021 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20060622 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20060718 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20060809 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20060810 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 3844224 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120825 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120825 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130825 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |