JP3842975B2 - Optometry equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus that examines the visual acuity of a subject.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An optometry apparatus that examines the visual acuity of a subject's eye usually presents a test target made of a Landolt ring, hiragana, numerals, or the like at a predetermined distance and examines the visual acuity according to the response of the visual condition. Furthermore, an optometry apparatus combined with a refractor (a subjective eye refractive power measurement device) that switches the correction optical system in front of the eye can measure the visual acuity after correcting the refractive error and the visual acuity with the glasses worn before.
[0003]
By the way, the visual target presented in the conventional visual acuity test was made under the conditions of brightness and the contrast between the visual target and the background defined by the JIS standard. However, there are various states in the visual environment of daily life, and normal visual acuity is good, but there are some people whose visual acuity is remarkably lowered under a certain visual environment. In order to detect and deal with such people, a glare vision test function that performs a vision test while intentionally illuminating the subject with a dazzling illumination light, and a vision test by changing the contrast ratio between the target and its background There are devices that incorporate a contrast vision test function.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional apparatus does not store the results of the normal visual acuity test, the glare visual acuity test, and the contrast visual acuity test, and the inspector records the inspection results in a medical record or the like.
[0005]
Further, in the conventional optometry apparatus combined with the electric refractor, there is a problem that the visual acuity value corresponds to only one type, and it is difficult to know in which state the visual acuity value examined is. In addition, when a visual acuity test is performed on the same subject under different target presentation conditions as described above, there is a problem that the memory of the visual acuity value is updated.
[0006]
In view of the above-described problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus that can easily know each visual test result under different target presentation conditions without confusion.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.
[0008]
(1) A lens unit that switches and arranges various correction lenses in front of the subject's eyes to change the correction state of the subject's eye, and a first view for presenting a visual target for normal visual acuity testing to the subject's eye An optotype presenting unit having an optotype presenting means and a second optotype presenting means for performing an optotype presentation with a glare light projection or a contrast change ; and an eyesight test in a naked eye or glasses wearing state. Measurement mode switching means for switching between an examination mode for performing, a subjective examination mode for obtaining the complete correction power of the eye to be examined using the lens unit, and a prescription mode for obtaining a prescription value from the complete correction power When provided with, optometric apparatus for performing vision inspection and refractive power measurement of the subject, for each measurement mode switched by the measurement mode switching means, through using the first target presenting means Inspection mode switching means for switching between a normal visual acuity inspection mode for performing visual acuity inspection and a glare / contrast inspection mode for performing a glare inspection or contrast inspection using the second visual target presenting means, and each of the measurement modes Storage means for storing the visual acuity values in the examination mode obtained at times corresponding to the respective measurement modes, and the visual acuity values obtained in the respective inspection modes stored in the storage means for display corresponding to the measurement modes Display control means .
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view showing the configuration of the entire optometry apparatus according to the present invention.
[0014]
Reference numeral 1 denotes an optometry table disposed between the subject and the examiner, and 2 denotes a subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 2. The subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 2 includes a pair of left and right lens units 2a for electrically switching and arranging various optical elements on the optometry window, and a hanging portion 2b for hanging the left and right lens units 2a.
[0015]
Reference numeral 10 denotes an optotype presenting unit that presents an inspection optotype. A window 11 made of a glass plate provided with an antireflection film is disposed on the front upper portion of the optotype presenting unit 10, and the subject views the optotype in the center through the window 11. A plurality of glare inspection lamps 12 are installed on both sides of the window 11, and in this embodiment, high-intensity white LEDs are used.
[0016]
Reference numeral 100 denotes a controller for operating the subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 2 and the optotype presenting unit 10. The controller 100 can operate each device through the relay unit 3 for performing communication relay of each device. A printer 4 connected to the relay unit 3 outputs a test result of the subject. Further, the relay unit 3 can transmit measurement data to the controller 100 by being connected to a lens meter or an objective eye refractive power measurement device with a communication cable.
[0017]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an optical system inside the optotype presenting unit 10.
[0018]
Reference numeral 13 denotes a disc-shaped target disc plate made of a glass plate, and a large number of inspection targets including a plurality of visual acuity value targets are formed on the same circumference by chromium vapor deposition or the like. The target disc plate 13 is rotated by a target disc plate motor 13a to switch and arrange the target to be presented to the subject. Reference numeral 14 denotes a mask plate for masking a part of the presented visual target, which is rotated by the mask plate motor 14a to put a necessary mask on the visual target.
[0019]
15 is an illumination lamp for illuminating the inspection target, 16 is a condenser lens, and 17 is a translucent diffuser. 18 is a half mirror, 19 is a beam splitter, and 20 is a concave mirror. The half mirror 18 is preferably provided with a metal half mirror coat in order to avoid coloration of light due to angle dependency.
[0020]
The concave mirror 20 according to this embodiment has a focal length so that the optical distance between the visual target and the eye to be examined is 5 m when the distance between the eye to be examined and the window 11 of the visual target presentation unit 10 is 1.1 m. Is designed. The light beam of the inspection target illuminated by the illumination lamp 15 passes through the condenser lens 16 and the diffusion plate 17, is reflected upward by the half mirror 18, passes through the beam splitter 19, and is reflected by the concave mirror 20. The target luminous flux reflected by the concave mirror 20 is reflected by the beam splitter 19 and is directed to the eye to be examined through the window 11.
[0021]
Reference numeral 30 denotes a background illumination lamp for illuminating the background of the target image (virtual image) presented to the eye E. 31 is a condenser lens, 32 is a translucent diffuser, and 33 is a mirror. The light flux from the background illumination lamp 30 illuminates the condenser lens 31 and the diffusion plate 32. The diffuse illumination light beam from the diffusion plate 32 is reflected upward by the mirror 33, is combined with the target light beam by the half mirror 18, passes through the beam splitter 19, and is then reflected by the concave mirror 20. The illumination light beam reflected by the concave mirror 20 is reflected by the beam splitter 19 and travels through the window 11 toward the eye to be examined. By changing the light quantity ratio between the background illumination lamp 30 and the target illumination lamp 15, the contrast of the target presented to the eye to be examined can be changed.
[0022]
FIG. 3 is a view of the controller 100 as viewed from above. A liquid crystal display 101 displays optometry information. A switch unit 102 has the following switches. Reference numeral 103 denotes a setting changeover switch group, which has a switch used when the display screen of the display 30 is changed over to a menu screen to set parameters or the like. 104 is a target switch group for switching the target to be presented to the target presentation unit 10, 105 is a mask switch group for applying a necessary mask to the presented target, 106 is a start switch for executing a program optometry, and 107 is a program optometry. Is a feed switch for advancing the inspection stage to the next, 108 is a change mode designation switch group for designating a mode of measurement data to be changed, 109 is a mode for inputting data or Input data specifying switch group for specifying the mode to be measured, 110 is an input switch for inputting data from the objective eye refractive power measuring device or lens meter, and 111 is a print switch for outputting test result data , 112 are measurement eye designation switches, and 113 is a dial switch used for changing measurement values or inputting numerical values. 114a and 114b are changeover switches for switching the cross cylinder, which are also used for adjusting the appearance in the prescription stage.
[0023]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining the control of the apparatus. The switch signal from the switch unit 102 of the controller 100 is input to the microcomputer circuit 50 after being subjected to predetermined processing. The microcomputer circuit 50 is connected to a memory 51 that stores a control program such as an optometry program and a memory 52 that stores measurement data and the like. The microcomputer circuit 50 converts the switch signal into various data and performs arithmetic processing based on a control program stored in the memory 51, and controls the screen of the display 101 via the display circuit 53. Further, the converted signal is input to the microcomputer circuit 55 of the relay unit 3. The microcomputer circuit 55 sends data relating to refractive power to the subjective eye refractive power measuring unit 2 and data relating to the visual target to the visual target presenting unit 10.
[0024]
The microcomputer circuit 60 of the subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 2 that has received data relating to refractive power drives a motor 62 via a drive circuit 61, and includes a weak spherical disk 63, a strong spherical disk 64, The auxiliary lens disk 65, the cross cylinder disk 66, and the like are rotated, and a predetermined optical system is disposed in the inspection window.
[0025]
The microcomputer circuit 70 of the optotype presenting unit 10 that has received the data relating to the optotypes drives the motor 13a and the motor 14a to present a predetermined test optotype.
[0026]
In addition, by using the print switch 111, the inspection data of the subject is discharged from the printer 4. Reference numeral 58 denotes a drive circuit for the printer 4.
[0027]
The operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described. First, normal vision tests, glare tests, and contrast tests will be described.
[0028]
<Normal vision test>
The initial state of the device is set in a normal visual acuity test mode. When inspecting the naked eye acuity, the switch 109a is pressed, and when inspecting the eyesight in the glasses wearing state, the switch 109b is pressed to enter the respective inspection mode. The measurement eye is designated by the measurement eye designation switch 112. When a visual acuity target to be presented by a switch arranged in the target switch group 104 is selected, the switch signal is sent from the microcomputer circuit 50 to the microcomputer circuit 70 of the target presentation unit 10. The microcomputer circuit 70 drives the motors 13a and 14a to rotate the target disc 13 and the mask plate 14 to present the selected visual acuity target to the subject. Information on the presentation target is displayed on the display 101. Thereafter, the target target is switched by the mask switch group 105 based on the response of the subject, and the target is sequentially switched until a legible visual acuity value is obtained.
[0029]
Note that the measurement eye is changed by the measurement eye designation switch 112. When the other eye is designated by the switch 112 after the test result for one eye is obtained, the visual acuity value of the target presented finally is input (stored) in the memory 52 as the test result. Also in the case of other inspection modes, the visual acuity value of the target that is finally presented is stored in the memory 52 as the inspection result.
[0030]
<Glare inspection>
The glare switch 109f of the switch group 109 is pressed to enter the glare inspection mode. When the switch 109f is pressed, the microcomputer circuit 50 displays on the display 101 that the glare inspection mode is in effect, and transmits a glare inspection instruction signal to the target presentation unit 10. When the microcomputer circuit 70 receives the signal, it turns on the lamp 12 through the drive circuit 71.
[0031]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a display state of the display 101 in the glare inspection mode. The center display unit 80 on the display 101 presents the currently set visual acuity value of the target to be presented. The contents of the examination currently being performed are displayed in the display field 80a at the top of the central display unit 80 (here, the naked eye and weak glare are displayed). In this way, even if the examination is performed in different visual acuity test modes in the same naked eye state, the display state of the display field 80a changes depending on the selection of the visual acuity test mode, and in what state the examiner conducts the visual acuity test Can figure out and never be confused. The left and right display parts 81 located on both sides of the central display part 80 have visual acuity value data obtained in the previous examination (here, visual acuity value data obtained in the normal visual examination mode). Is displayed. The left column of the display unit 81 indicates right eye data, and the right column of the display unit 81 indicates left eye data.
[0032]
The optotype presenting unit 10 used in the present embodiment can set the light quantity (glare light quantity) of the lamp 12 that illuminates (glare) the eye to be examined in two stages (strong and weak). First, when the switch 109f is pressed to enter the glare inspection mode, the glare light amount (weak) is set, and when the same switch 109f is pressed next, the glare light amount (strong) glare inspection mode is entered. Further, when the switch 109f is pressed, the glare inspection mode returns to the normal visual acuity inspection mode. At this time, the display in the display column 80a also changes to the display of the inspection state each time the switch 109f is pressed.
[0033]
After the examiner selects the amount of glare light by such an operation, the visual acuity value in the state where the glare light is turned on by switching the presentation index by the mask switch group 105 based on the response of the subject. Get. The glare light amount (strong) and (weak) visual acuity values obtained in the glare examination are stored in the memory 52 as visual acuity value data different from the visual acuity value data obtained in the normal visual acuity examination mode. The examination is performed with the left eye, the right eye, and both eyes using the measurement eye designation switch 112.
[0034]
<Contrast inspection>
The contrast switch 109g is pressed to enter the contrast inspection mode. When the switch 109g is pressed, the microcomputer circuit 50 transmits an instruction signal for contrast inspection to the visual target presentation unit 10. When the microcomputer circuit 70 receives the signal, the microcomputer 30 turns on the lamp 30 through the drive circuit 71 (the lamp 12 is turned off when the previous glare inspection mode was selected).
[0035]
Further, the microcomputer circuit 50 displays in the display column 80a of the display 101 that the contrast inspection mode is set (here, the naked eye and the contrast of 25% are displayed). The left and right display parts 81 located on both sides of the central display part 80 display the visual acuity value data obtained in the previous examination (the visual acuity value data obtained in the glare examination mode).
[0036]
In the present embodiment, the left and right display unit 81 displays the visual acuity value data obtained in the previous examination, but in the glare examination and contrast examination, the visual acuity obtained in the normal target presentation state. Value data may always be displayed for comparison.
[0037]
The contrast is changed by changing the light amounts of the lamp 15 and the lamp 30 and changing the ratio of the light amount on the presented target image and the light amount around the target image. The optotype presenting unit 10 used in the present embodiment can set the contrast ratio to three steps (25%, 12%, 6%) by adjusting the light amount (contrast light amount) of the lamp 30 to three steps. It has become. For details of the adjustment of the contrast ratio, refer to Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-327010.
[0038]
The contrast ratio setting is changed every time the contrast switch 109g is pressed. When the switch 109g is first pressed, the contrast ratio is set to 25%. Thereafter, every time the switch 109g is pressed, the contrast ratio is changed in the order of 12% and the contrast ratio is 6%. After the contrast ratio of 6%, the lamp 30 is turned off and the normal vision test mode is restored. At this time, the display state of the display field 80a also changes to the display of the inspection state each time the switch 109g is pressed.
[0039]
The examiner changes the contrast ratio by such an operation, and then switches the presentation index by the mask switch group 105 based on the response of the subject, so that the visual acuity value in a state where the contrast of the presentation target is changed can be obtained. obtain. The visual acuity value of the subject obtained by the contrast examination is stored in the memory 52 as visual acuity value data different from the visual acuity value data obtained in different examination modes (normal vision examination mode and glare examination mode).
[0040]
Here, when the normal visual examination, glare examination, and contrast examination are completed and the print switch 111 is pressed, the microcomputer circuit 50 outputs the visual acuity value data obtained in each examination mode stored in the memory 52 to the relay unit 3. Send to. When the microcomputer circuit 55 of the relay unit 3 receives the visual acuity value data, the recording paper on which the visual acuity value for each inspection mode is printed is discharged from the printer 4 through the drive circuit 58.
[0041]
FIG. 6 shows a state in which the visual acuity values obtained in each inspection mode are printed on the recording paper 200. The display column 201 shows the visual acuity values obtained in the normal visual examination mode, the display column 202 shows the visual acuity values obtained in the glare examination mode, and the display column 203 shows the visual acuity values obtained in the contrast examination mode. Is printed.
[0042]
Next, a case will be described in which after the normal visual acuity test, glare test, and contrast test as described above are performed, a subjective test and a prescription test using the subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 2 are subsequently performed.
[0043]
The awareness switch 109d is pressed to enter the awareness test mode. In this mode, the degree of complete correction that gives the best visual acuity is measured. When the subject is a spectacle wearer, the power of the old spectacle lens is measured by a lens meter, and input by each switch of the input data designation switch group 109 and the dial switch 113. If it is connected to a lens meter, automatic input is possible. When the frequency data is input, a correction lens corresponding to the input frequency data is arranged in the inspection window of the lens unit 2a. Thereafter, the red / green test, the astigmatism axis adjustment and the astigmatism power adjustment test, the spherical power adjustment test, the visual acuity test, and the like performed before the astigmatism test are performed by operating the switches of the controller 100. A target necessary for the inspection is selected by each switch of the target switch group 104, an adjustment item is selected by the mode designation switch group 109, and the frequency adjustment is performed by the dial switch 113. A correction lens having the adjusted power is arranged in the inspection window of the lens unit 2a.
[0044]
When the glare inspection and the contrast inspection are performed after determining the complete correction power, the switches 109f and 109g are pressed to enter the glare inspection mode and the contrast inspection mode, and each visual acuity value is obtained in the same manner as described above. The visual acuity values in the normal visual acuity inspection mode, glare inspection mode, and contrast inspection mode at this stage are also stored in the memory 52, respectively.
[0045]
Next, the prescription switch 109e is pressed to enter the prescription mode. In this mode, the eyesight is adjusted to the most positive power in accordance with the purpose of use of the subject's glasses. The examination is performed by presenting a visual acuity target. When the prescription value is determined, the prescription visual acuity is confirmed by a visual acuity test (normal visual examination mode). By switching the presentation target with the mask switch group 105, the final presentation is determined as the visual acuity value. In this prescription stage, the glare inspection and the contrast inspection can be performed by the switch 109f and the switch 109g.
[0046]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a screen example in the prescription mode. In the prescription mode, two test results so far are displayed on the left and right of the central display unit 80, respectively. In the example of FIG. 7, the result of the naked eye value 83 and the spectacle value 84 is displayed. Here, for example, when the switch 109f is pressed while pressing the shift switch 115 to switch from the normal visual acuity inspection mode to the glare inspection (weak) mode, the microcomputer circuit 50 causes the visual acuity in the glare inspection (weak) stored in the memory 52. The visual value 83a of the naked eye value 83 and the visual value 84a of the spectacle value 84 displayed on the left and right sides of the screen are also changed to values in the glare test (weak) mode corresponding to the current visual test mode. Let This enables the examiner to easily recall and compare the previous test results, that is, the visual acuity values in the glare test (weak) with the naked eye and glasses (the glasses worn by the examinee). Can be used for prescription.
[0047]
In the subjective examination mode, the spectacles mode, and the like, when the eyesight examination mode is switched by pushing the switches 109f and 109g while holding down the shift switch 115 in the same manner, the display on the left and right sides of the screen (display unit 81 in the example of FIG. 5) The value is changed to the value in the same eyesight test mode in conjunction with the switching of the.
[0048]
Further, when it is desired to know the previous examination result (eyesight value), since the values in each eyesight examination mode are stored in the memory 52, it is always possible to use each switch of the input data designation switch group 109. The inspection result can be displayed on the display 101. Thereby, the comparison can be easily performed.
[0049]
Further, by using the menu switch and the execution switch of the setting changeover switch group 103, all inspection results can be displayed on the display 101.
[0050]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which all inspection results are displayed on the display 101. VA (G1) is a glare (weak) test, VA (G2) is a glare (strong) test, and VA (C. 25%) is a contrast (25%) test. As shown in this figure, items that have not been inspected are indicated by blanks, so that it is possible to easily grasp whether all necessary inspections have been completed.
[0051]
In the above embodiment, the optometry apparatus combined with the subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 2 has been described as an example, but of course, the visual target presentation unit 10 and this are operated without providing the subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 2. The present invention can be similarly applied by providing a display function, a memory function, and a printing function in the configuration of the controller.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, each test result in different visual acuity test modes can be easily obtained without any confusion. Moreover, the visual acuity values in the respective visual acuity test modes can be easily called and compared.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external view showing a configuration of an entire optometry apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an optical system inside the target presentation unit 10;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing details of the controller 100;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a control system of the apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a display state of the display 101 in a glare inspection mode.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which visual acuity values obtained in each inspection mode are printed on a recording sheet.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a screen in a prescription mode.
8 is a diagram showing a state in which all inspection results are displayed on the display 101. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Optometry table 2 Subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 3 Relay unit 4 Printer 10 Target presentation unit 50 Microcomputer circuit 51 Memory 52 Memory 53 Display circuit 100 Controller 101 Display 102 Switch part

Claims (1)

A lens unit that switches and arranges various correction lenses in front of the subject's eyes to change the correction state of the subject's eye, and a first optotype presenting means for presenting a target for normal visual acuity testing on the subject's eye And a visual target presentation unit having a second visual target presenting means for performing visual target presentation with glare light projection or contrast change, and for performing visual acuity tests in the naked eye or glasses wearing state. A measurement mode switching means for switching between an examination mode, a subjective examination mode for obtaining a complete correction power of the eye to be examined using the lens unit, and a prescription mode for obtaining a prescription value from the complete correction power. comprising, in optometric apparatus for performing vision inspection and refractive power measurement of the subject, for each measurement mode switched by the measurement mode switching means, normal vision using the first target presenting means An inspection mode switching means for switching between a normal vision inspection mode for performing an inspection and a glare / contrast inspection mode for performing a glare inspection or a contrast inspection using the second visual target presenting means; Storage means for storing the visual acuity values in the given examination mode in correspondence with each measurement mode, and a display for displaying the visual acuity values obtained in each examination mode stored in the storage means in correspondence with the measurement mode optometric apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a control means.

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